A three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem, including a booster fan, an exhaust fan, a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, an air-to-air heat exchanger, a terminal purification module, a gas filter module, a three-way regulating valve, a first electric air valve, a second electric air valve, a third electric air valve and a fourth electric air valve, etc., and through the design of streamlined paths, four subsystems are formed, namely, subsystem I, subsystem II, subsystem III and subsystem IV, which correspond to four functional channels of "external circulation + boosting + purification", "external circulation + boosting + gas filtering", "internal circulation + purification" and "exhaust gas emission + back pressure", respectively. At the same time, according to environmental indicators such as cabin air pressure and CO2 concentration, the work of each subsystem is coordinated. The present invention integrates the functions of boosting, gas filtering, purification, fresh air and energy recovery into a subsystem, which has a compact structure and realizes integration, can effectively protect the safety of the occupants, and provides a solution for new security equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental control technology for ground and ship cabins, and in particular to an environmental control subsystem for cabin pressurization, gas filtration, purification, fresh air and energy recovery. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of equipment support systems, people have higher and higher requirements for the cabin environment, especially for the cabins of some high-mobility vehicles and important ships at sea. When facing complex and sudden regional environments or combat environments, how to comprehensively and effectively protect the safety of the occupants is one of the essential guarantee conditions. We know that there are many factors in the cabin environment besides temperature, humidity and noise, such as cabin air pressure, CO2 concentration, toxic gas concentration, particulate matter, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), bacteria and smoke pollution. If these factors are not effectively integrated, it will naturally cause the types, quantities, volumes and power consumption of support equipment to continue to increase, which will bring disadvantages to related supporting equipment. For example, the gas filtration system of the cabin in the past is usually an independent device, including a booster fan, a multi-stage filter, a gas filter canister, multiple electric air valves, a detection and control unit, etc., and can only work alone when encountering the three major defenses. Similarly, when the cabin needs to be slightly pressurized, the booster system and back pressure regulation system will be independently designed; when the particulate matter, total volatile organic compounds, etc. exceed the standard, there will be a filtration and purification system, etc. With the increase of functions and requirements, the original independent design ideas are becoming less and less feasible.

[0003] In addition, effective solutions to the plateau are pressurization and oxygen supply, but the structure and working mode of some cabins do not have the conditions for large pressurization. For example, at an altitude of 4550m, the air pressure is 57.3kPa. If the fresh air pressurization method is directly used to reduce the relative altitude to less than 2000m, the booster fan is required to increase the pressure by 21.8 kPa, which requires more pressure-bearing and pressure-regulating designs for the cabin. To better solve this problem, one approach is to quickly micro-pressurize the cabin while supplying oxygen, such as 200Pa to 3000Pa. At this time, we will find that the wind pressure used by the gas filtration system can just cover the wind pressure required for micro-pressurization, purification and fresh air heat exchange, which makes integration possible. At present, how to achieve systematic integration in a limited space is worth studying. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to remedy the defects of the prior art and provide a three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem to solve the problems of insufficient integration and coordination faced by the existing environmental control subsystems on the ground and in ship cabins.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem includes a booster fan, an exhaust fan, a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, an air-to-air heat exchanger, a terminal purification module, a poison filter module, a three-way regulating valve, a first electric air valve, a second electric air valve, a third electric air valve and a fourth electric air valve, and forms four subsystems by designing different paths. It is characterized in that: the air outside the cabin is connected to the inlet of the second filter, the outlet of the second filter is connected to the first inlet of the three-way regulating valve, the outlet of the three-way regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the booster fan, the outlet of the booster fan is connected to the first inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger, and at least two paths are connected in parallel after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger, wherein the first path is connected to the inlet of the second electric air valve, the outlet of the second electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the terminal purification module, and the outlet of the terminal purification module is connected to the cabin, thereby forming an "external circulation + boosting + purification" subsystem, namely, subsystem I;

[0007] The first half of the air outside the cabin is the same as that of subsystem I, except that the second path after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the third electric air valve, the outlet of the third electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the gas filter module, the outlet of the gas filter module is connected to the inlet of the fourth electric air valve, and the outlet of the fourth electric air valve is merged with the end of subsystem I into the cabin, thereby forming an "external circulation + pressurization + gas filtration" subsystem, namely, subsystem II;

[0008] The inlet of the third filter is connected to the air to be purified in the cabin, the outlet of the third filter is connected to the second inlet of the three-way regulating valve, the outlet of the three-way regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the booster fan, the outlet of the booster fan is connected to the first inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger, the first path after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second electric air valve, the outlet of the second electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the terminal purification module, and the outlet of the terminal purification module is connected to the cabin, thereby forming an "internal circulation + purification" subsystem, that is, subsystem III;

[0009] The second inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust gas to be discharged in the cabin, the second outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust fan inlet, the exhaust fan outlet is connected to the first electric air valve inlet, the first electric air valve outlet is connected to the first filter inlet, and the first filter outlet is connected to the outside of the cabin, thereby forming an "exhaust gas discharge + back pressure" subsystem, that is, subsystem IV.

[0010] The booster fan should meet the requirements of fresh air volume, boost and wind resistance in the cabin. The air volume is usually 150m 3 / h~600m 3 / h, and the wind pressure is not less than 2000Pa; the exhaust fan should meet the requirements of exhaust gas emission and wind resistance in the cabin, and its air volume is 50% to 100% of the air volume of the booster fan, and the wind pressure is usually not less than 200Pa.

[0011] The air-to-air heat exchanger is a dual-path recovery type heat exchange device, which provides channels for the four subsystems. When subsystem I and subsystem IV, and subsystem II and subsystem IV work synchronously, energy recovery is achieved through heat transfer temperature difference, and the heat energy recovery efficiency is not less than 65%.

[0012] The first filter and the second filter are coarse-effect filters of the same type; the third filter is a medium-effect filter; the terminal purification module is based on a high-efficiency or high-efficiency filter, and purification devices such as activated carbon, plasma or negative ion generators are added according to the specific needs of the cabin.

[0013] The gas filtering module is customized according to the requirements of nuclear, biological and chemical pollution and invasion indicators in the field. The third electric air valve and the fourth electric air valve are of the same model and are normally closed. They can only be opened when receiving the opening command to ensure the timeliness of the gas filtering module.

[0014] The first electric air valve can adjust the cabin back pressure, that is, the cabin from zero pressure → micro pressure (10Pa ~ 30Pa) → triple-proof airtight and micro-pressurization (200Pa ~ 3000Pa), and adjust the air pressure change rate to meet the physiological needs of the human body.

[0015] The present invention is further described as follows:

[0016] Whether the four subsystems work independently or in coordination should be coordinated by the integrated control system based on environmental factors such as cabin pressure, CO2 concentration, toxic gas concentration, particulate matter, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), bacteria and smoke pollution, as well as the needs of the larger system.

[0017] a) Subsystem I: air outside the cabin → second filter → three-way regulating valve → booster fan → air-to-air heat exchanger → second electric air valve → terminal purification module → inside the cabin.

[0018] b) Subsystem II: outside air → second filter → three-way regulating valve → booster fan → air-to-air heat exchanger → third electric air valve → gas filter module → fourth electric air valve → inside the cabin.

[0019] c) Subsystem III: cabin air → third filter → three-way regulating valve → booster fan → air-to-air heat exchanger → second electric air valve → terminal purification module → cabin.

[0020] d) Subsystem IV: Exhaust gas in the cabin → air-to-air heat exchanger → exhaust fan → first electric air valve → first filter → outside the cabin.

[0021] When boost is not required, the following can be achieved:

[0022] a) Only cabin air purification is required, that is, subsystem III is turned on. At this time, when the purification level requirement is high, the first electric air valve is opened and closed.

[0023] b) When fresh air and exhaust gas are needed, subsystem I and subsystem IV are turned on. At this time, the first electric air valve is fully opened, and then the opening of the second electric air valve is adjusted, or the speed of the booster fan is adjusted to achieve the same air volume for fresh air and exhaust gas, and energy recovery is achieved with the help of an air-to-air heat exchanger.

[0024] When boost is required, it can be achieved:

[0025] a) Only cabin air pressurization is required, that is, subsystem I is turned on. At this time, the first electric air valve is closed first. When the cabin air pressure meets the requirements, the first electric air valve is precisely controlled.

[0026] b) When fresh air and exhaust gas are needed, subsystem I is first opened, and the first electric air valve is closed first. When the air pressure in the cabin meets the requirements, subsystem IV is opened, and fresh air and exhaust gas are realized under the pressurized state through precise control of the first electric air valve and the second electric air valve, and energy recovery is realized with the help of air-to-air heat exchanger;

[0027] c) When triple-protection and gas filtration is required, the first electric air valve and the second electric air valve are closed first, and then subsystem II is opened to maintain the cabin air pressure. When exhaust gas needs to be discharged, subsystem IV is opened to achieve balanced air pressure through precise control of the first electric air valve, and energy recovery is achieved with the help of air-to-air heat exchanger.

[0028] d) When the air pressure in the cabin is stable, it is also possible to switch to cabin air purification, that is, turn on subsystem III.

[0029] The present invention can be further extended, such as:

[0030] At the end of the subsystem I, subsystem II, and subsystem III, the electricity is sent to the cabin through an interface, and it is not ruled out that the air conditioning system matching the cabin can be connected as needed for a larger system.

[0031] An associated manual air valve may be provided between the three-way regulating valve and the booster fan. At this time, the three-way regulating valve is switched to the second channel, the booster fan is turned on, and the second filter is reversely flushed.

[0032] An associated manual air valve may be provided between the second electric air valve and the terminal purification module for temporary maintenance, etc.

[0033] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. The present invention integrates the functions of pressurization, gas filtering, purification, fresh air and energy recovery into one, with a compact structure and integration.

[0035] 2. The internal and external circulations of the present invention can be easily switched and connected to an air-to-air heat exchanger to achieve energy recovery and bring energy saving.

[0036] 3. The process of the present invention is simple and can achieve effective control of the indoor environment through different combinations.

[0037] 4. The technology of the present invention is mature and easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem includes a booster fan 9, an exhaust fan 3, a first filter 1, a second filter 7, a third filter 13, an air-to-air heat exchanger 4, a terminal purification module 6, a poison filter module 11, a three-way regulating valve 8, a first electric air valve 2, a second electric air valve 5, a third electric air valve 10 and a fourth electric air valve 12, and forms four subsystems by designing different paths. It is characterized in that: the air outside the cabin is connected to the inlet of the second filter 7, the outlet of the second filter 7 is connected to the first inlet of the three-way regulating valve 8, the outlet of the three-way regulating valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the booster fan 9, the outlet of the booster fan 9 is connected to the first inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4, and at least two paths are connected in parallel after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4, wherein the first path is connected to the inlet of the second electric air valve 5, the outlet of the second electric air valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the terminal purification module 6, and the outlet of the terminal purification module 6 is connected to the cabin, thereby forming an "external circulation + boosting + purification" subsystem, that is, subsystem I;

[0040] The first half of the air outside the cabin is the same as that of subsystem I, except that the second path after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the inlet of the third electric air valve 10, the outlet of the third electric air valve 10 is connected to the inlet of the gas filter module 11, the outlet of the gas filter module 11 is connected to the inlet of the fourth electric air valve 12, and the outlet of the fourth electric air valve 12 is merged with the end of the subsystem I into the cabin, thereby forming an "external circulation + pressurization + gas filtration" subsystem, i.e., subsystem II;

[0041] The inlet of the third filter 13 is connected to the air to be purified in the cabin, the outlet of the third filter 13 is connected to the second inlet of the three-way regulating valve 8, the outlet of the three-way regulating valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the booster fan 9, the outlet of the booster fan 9 is connected to the first inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4, the first path after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the inlet of the second electric air valve 5, the outlet of the second electric air valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the terminal purification module 6, and the outlet of the terminal purification module 6 is connected to the cabin, thereby forming an "internal circulation + purification" subsystem, that is, subsystem III;

[0042] The second inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the exhaust gas to be discharged in the cabin, and the second outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust fan 3, the outlet of the exhaust fan 3 is connected to the inlet of the first electric air valve 2, the outlet of the first electric air valve 2 is connected to the inlet of the first filter 1, and the outlet of the first filter 1 is connected to the outside of the cabin, thereby forming an "exhaust gas discharge + back pressure" subsystem, that is, subsystem IV.

[0043] The booster fan 9 should meet the requirements of fresh air volume, boost and wind resistance in the cabin. The air volume is usually 150m 3 / h~600m 3 / h, and the wind pressure is not less than 2000Pa; the exhaust fan 3 should meet the requirements of exhaust gas emission and wind resistance in the cabin, and its air volume is 50% to 100% of the air volume of the booster fan, and the wind pressure is usually not less than 200Pa.

[0044] The air-to-air heat exchanger 4 is a dual-path recovery type heat exchange device, which provides channels for the four subsystems. When subsystem I and subsystem IV, and subsystem II and subsystem IV work synchronously, energy recovery is achieved through heat transfer temperature difference, and the heat energy recovery efficiency is not less than 65%.

[0045] The first filter 1 and the second filter 7 are coarse-effect filters of the same type; the third filter 13 is a medium-effect filter; the terminal purification module 6 is based on a high-efficiency or high-efficiency filter, and purification devices such as activated carbon, plasma or negative ion generators are added according to the specific needs of the cabin.

[0046] The gas filtering module 11 is customized according to the requirements of nuclear, biological and chemical pollution and invasion indicators in the field. The third electric air valve 10 and the fourth electric air valve 12 are of the same model and are normally closed. They can only be opened when receiving an opening command to ensure the timeliness of the gas filtering module.

[0047] The first electric air valve 2 can adjust the cabin back pressure, that is, the cabin from zero pressure → micro pressure (10Pa ~ 30Pa) → triple-proof airtight and micro-pressurization (200Pa ~ 3000Pa), and adjust the air pressure change rate to meet the physiological needs of the human body.

[0048] The present invention is further described as follows:

[0049] Whether the four subsystems work independently or in coordination should be coordinated by the integrated control system based on environmental factors such as cabin pressure, CO2 concentration, toxic gas concentration, particulate matter, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), bacteria and smoke pollution, as well as the needs of the larger system.

[0050] e) Subsystem I: air outside the cabin → second filter 7 → three-way regulating valve 8 → booster fan 9 → air-to-air heat exchanger 4 → second electric air valve 5 → terminal purification module 6 → inside the cabin.

[0051] f) Subsystem II: air outside the cabin → second filter 7 → three-way regulating valve 8 → booster fan 9 → air-to-air heat exchanger 4 → third electric air valve 10 → gas filter module 11 → fourth electric air valve 12 → inside the cabin.

[0052] g) Subsystem III: cabin air → third filter 13 → three-way regulating valve 8 → booster fan 9 → air-to-air heat exchanger 4 → second electric air valve 5 → terminal purification module 6 → cabin.

[0053] h) Subsystem IV: Exhaust gas in the cabin → air-to-air heat exchanger 4 → exhaust fan 3 → first electric air valve 2 → first filter 1 → outside the cabin.

[0054] When boost is not required, the following can be achieved:

[0055] c) Only cabin air purification is required, that is, subsystem III is turned on. At this time, when the purification level requirement is high, the first electric air valve 2 is opened and closed.

[0056] d) When fresh air and exhaust gas are needed, subsystem I and subsystem IV are turned on. At this time, the first electric air valve 2 is fully opened, and then the opening of the second electric air valve 2 is adjusted, or the speed of the booster fan 9 is adjusted to achieve the same air volume for fresh air and exhaust gas, and energy recovery is achieved with the help of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4.

[0057] When boost is required, it can be achieved:

[0058] e) Only cabin air pressurization is required, that is, subsystem I is turned on. At this time, the first electric air valve 2 is closed first, and when the cabin air pressure meets the requirements, the first electric air valve 2 is precisely controlled.

[0059] f) When fresh air and exhaust gas are needed, the subsystem I is first opened, and the first electric air valve 2 is closed first. When the air pressure in the cabin meets the requirements, the subsystem IV is opened, and the first electric air valve 2 and the second electric air valve 5 are precisely controlled to realize fresh air and exhaust gas in a pressurized state, and energy recovery is realized with the help of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4;

[0060] g) When triple-protection and gas filtration are required, the first electric air valve 2 and the second electric air valve 5 are closed first, and then subsystem II is opened to maintain the air pressure in the cabin. When exhaust gas needs to be discharged, subsystem IV is opened to achieve balanced air pressure through precise control of the first electric air valve 2, and energy recovery is achieved with the help of the air-to-air heat exchanger 4.

[0061] h) When the air pressure in the cabin is stable, it is also possible to switch to cabin air purification, that is, turn on subsystem III.

[0062] The present invention can be further extended, such as:

[0063] At the end of the subsystem I, subsystem II, and subsystem III, the electricity is sent to the cabin through an interface, and it is not ruled out that the air conditioning system matching the cabin can be connected as needed for a larger system.

[0064] An associated manual air valve may be provided between the three-way regulating valve 8 and the booster fan 9 . At this time, the three-way regulating valve 8 is switched to the second channel, the booster fan 9 is turned on, and the second filter 7 is reversely flushed.

[0065] An associated manual air valve may be provided between the second electric air valve 5 and the terminal purification module 6 for temporary maintenance or the like.

[0066] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For a person skilled in the art, any obvious changes made thereto without departing from the principle of the present invention are within the concept of the present invention and the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem, characterized by: Four subsystems are formed by a booster fan, an exhaust fan, a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, an air-to-air heat exchanger, a terminal purification module, a gas filter module, a three-way regulating valve, a first electric air valve, a second electric air valve, a third electric air valve and a fourth electric air valve. The air outside the cabin is connected to the inlet of the second filter, the outlet of the second filter is connected to the first inlet of the three-way regulating valve, the outlet of the three-way regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the booster fan, the outlet of the booster fan is connected to the first inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger, and two paths are connected in parallel after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger, wherein the first path is connected to the inlet of the second electric air valve, and the outlet of the second electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the terminal purification module, and the outlet of the terminal purification module is connected to the cabin, forming subsystem I of external circulation + boosting + purification; the second path after the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the third electric air valve, the outlet of the third electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the gas filter module, and the outlet of the gas filter module is connected to the The inlet of the fourth electric air valve, the outlet of the fourth electric air valve and the end of the subsystem I are incorporated into the cabin, forming a subsystem II of external circulation + pressurization + poison filtering; the inlet of the third filter is connected to the air to be purified in the cabin, the outlet of the third filter is connected to the second inlet of the three-way regulating valve, the outlet of the three-way regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the booster fan, the outlet of the booster fan is connected to the first inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger, the first way of the first outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second electric air valve, the outlet of the second electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the terminal purification module, and the outlet of the terminal purification module is connected to the cabin, forming a subsystem III of internal circulation + purification; the second inlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust gas to be discharged in the cabin, the second outlet of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the exhaust fan, the outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the inlet of the first electric air valve, the outlet of the first electric air valve is connected to the inlet of the first filter, and the outlet of the first filter is connected to the outside of the cabin, forming a subsystem IV of exhaust gas discharge + back pressure; The booster fan meets the requirements of fresh air volume, pressure and wind resistance in the cabin, with an air volume of 150m3 / h~600m3 / h and a wind pressure of not less than 2000Pa; the exhaust fan meets the requirements of exhaust gas discharge and wind resistance in the cabin, with an air volume of 50%~100% of the booster fan air volume and a wind pressure of not less than 200Pa; The third electric air valve and the fourth electric air valve are of the same model and are normally closed, and can only be opened when receiving an opening command.

2. A three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-to-air heat exchanger is a dual-path recovery type heat exchange device, which provides channels for four subsystems. When subsystems I and IV, and subsystems II and IV work synchronously, energy recovery is achieved through heat transfer temperature difference, and the heat energy recovery efficiency is not less than 65%.

3. The three-defense integrated environmental control subsystem according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first filter and the second filter are coarse-effect filters of the same type; the third filter is a medium-effect filter; the terminal purification module is based on a high-efficiency or high-efficiency filter, and according to the specific needs of the cabin, a purification device of activated carbon, plasma or negative ion generator is added.

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