Superficial vein fixation device and fixation mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to a superficial vein blood vessel fixing device and fixing mechanism, wherein the device includes a fixing mechanism for fixing the blood vessel and a driving mechanism for driving the fixing mechanism, and is characterized in that the fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate and a pressing plate arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, a notch for locating the blood vessel is opened on the bottom surface of the fixing plate, one end of the pressing plate is connected to the fixing plate, and a friction ball is arranged on the other end; after the notch of the fixing plate is aligned with the blood vessel to be fixed, the fixing mechanism approaches the skin and fixes the blood vessel under the drive of the driving mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can stretch the skin to both sides of the blood vessel through the pressing plates and friction balls on both sides of the fixing plate to avoid wrinkles, and adopts an independent mechanism for fixing, ensuring that the fixing plate will not change position with the slight movement of the patient's arm, so that the vein blood vessel will not be offset, thereby improving the fixing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a puncture injection auxiliary device, in particular to a superficial vein blood vessel fixing device and a fixing mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Venous puncture is a very common treatment for the human body. However, due to the hardening and thinning of blood vessels in some patients, or the reduction of subcutaneous fat layer due to age, as well as the operator's lack of technical proficiency, the blood vessels often slip under the skin during venous puncture, resulting in unsuccessful puncture and increased pain for the patient.

[0003] Chinese patent CN201692401U discloses a superficial blood vessel fixation belt, including a fixing sheet, a snap button and a fixing elastic belt, which is used to fix the veins above the epidermis. However, the device still requires manual identification of the veins and then fixation, and then puncture. However, it is difficult to align the notch with the blood vessel manually, and the operation is cumbersome and complicated. In addition, when the fixing belt is wrapped tightly on the arm, the fixing device will still move with the sliding of the skin, and the position of the blood vessel cannot be accurately controlled. Moreover, this device is not facing the puncture robot, and the puncture process cannot be fully automated.

[0004] Chinese patent CN201175338Y discloses a venous blood vessel fixator, including a rubber elastic band, a rectangular hole, a woolen micro hook, and woolen hair. However, the device still requires manual identification of the vein and then fixation. The operation is relatively cumbersome; and the vein is not fixed in the radial direction, resulting in the blood vessel still being able to slide in the radial direction. In addition, the device is tied to the arm with an elastic band, and the entire device will still move with the sliding of the skin, resulting in the blood vessel still being unable to be accurately located, so the device is only suitable for manual venous puncture operations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a superficial vein blood vessel fixing device and fixing mechanism, which can stretch the skin to both sides of the blood vessel through the pressing plates and friction balls on both sides of the fixing plate to avoid wrinkles, thereby improving the fixing effect.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A superficial vein blood vessel fixing device comprises a fixing mechanism for fixing the blood vessel and a driving mechanism for driving the fixing mechanism, characterized in that the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing plate and pressing plates arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, a notch for locating the blood vessel is opened on the bottom surface of the fixing plate, one end of the pressing plate is connected to the fixing plate, and a friction ball is arranged on the other end; after the notch of the fixing plate is aligned with the blood vessel to be fixed, the fixing mechanism approaches the skin and fixes the blood vessel under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to achieve automatic fixation, the driving mechanism includes:

[0009] A slide rail and a movable push block disposed on the slide rail and sliding along the slide rail;

[0010] A first motor and a transmission unit, wherein the first motor is connected to the movable push block through the transmission unit and is used to drive the movable push block to slide along the slide rail to drive the fixing mechanism to approach the skin and fix the blood vessel.

[0011] The driving mechanism also includes a second motor for adjusting the direction of the slide rail, and one end of the slide rail is connected to the output shaft of the second motor.

[0012] The transmission unit comprises:

[0013] A worm connected to the output shaft of the first motor and parallel to the output shaft of the first motor;

[0014] The worm gear meshes with the worm gear;

[0015] A screw rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the shaft center of the turbine;

[0016] The nut is sleeved on the screw rod and meshed with the screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the moving push block.

[0017] The device also includes a controller connected to the first motor and the second motor respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, in order to improve the propulsion effect, the worm is connected to the output shaft of the first motor via a coupling.

[0019] Furthermore, the pressing plate is a rigid member, and the connection between the pressing plate and the fixing plate is an elastic connection.

[0020] Furthermore, the height and length of the notch are specifically as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein: h is the height of the slot and s is the length of the slot.

[0023] Furthermore, a limiting member for limiting the movement of the push block is provided at the other end of the slide rail.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fixing mechanism for fixing superficial veins, comprising a fixing plate, characterized in that it also includes pressing plates arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, the bottom surface of the fixing plate is provided with a notch for locating the blood vessel, one end of the pressing plate is connected to the fixing plate, and the other end is provided with a friction ball; after the notch of the fixing plate is aligned with the blood vessel to be fixed, it approaches the skin and fixes the blood vessel.

[0025] The pressing plate is a rigid piece, and the connection between the pressing plate and the fixing plate is an elastic connection.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1) The skin can be stretched toward the sides of the blood vessels by the pressing plates and friction balls on both sides of the fixing plate to avoid wrinkles, thereby improving the fixation effect. It can also be used as an independent device to assist manual puncture operations and can be installed as an accessory on a venipuncture robot.

[0028] 2) Based on the first motor and the second motor, the fixing plate can be clamped without manual work, and the process is fully automated, simple and convenient.

[0029] 3) The worm gear mechanism and the screw nut mechanism have precise transmission ratios up to the micron level, and the worm gear mechanism can produce a self-locking phenomenon to prevent the fixing plate from shifting due to the movement of the patient's arm, which affects the accuracy of the puncture.

[0030] 4) The pressing piece is a rigid part, and the slight shaking of the patient's arm will not cause unbalanced force on both ends of the pressing piece, thereby improving the fixation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 A flow chart of the present invention as a venipuncture robot accessory;

[0033] Figure 3 The present invention is a flow chart of artificial assisted puncture.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram for determining the size of the spring pressing piece of the present invention

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram for determining the size of the fixing plate of the present invention

[0036] Among them: 1. slide rail, 2. second motor, 2. moving push block, 4. nut, 5. lead screw, 6. worm, 7. worm gear, 8. first motor, 9. fixed plate, 10. pressure plate, 11. friction ball, 12. coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0038] A superficial vein blood vessel fixing device includes a fixing mechanism for fixing the blood vessel and a driving mechanism for driving the fixing mechanism, characterized in that the fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate 9 and pressing plates 10 arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, a notch for locating the blood vessel is opened on the bottom surface of the fixing plate 9, one end of the pressing plate 10 is connected to the fixing plate 9, and a friction ball 11 is arranged on the other end; after the notch of the fixing plate 9 is aligned with the blood vessel to be fixed, the fixing mechanism approaches the skin and fixes the blood vessel under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0039] The friction ball 11 should have a sufficient friction coefficient so that it can have sufficient friction with the skin under appropriate pressure. The pressure plates and friction balls on both sides of the fixing plate 9 can stretch the skin to both sides of the blood vessels to avoid wrinkles, thereby improving the fixation effect. It can also be used as an independent device to assist manual puncture operations and can be installed as an accessory on a venipuncture robot.

[0040] In addition, the fixing mechanism can also be used as a separate component to manually fix the blood vessel.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, the driving mechanism includes: a slide rail 1 and a movable push block 3 disposed on the slide rail 1 and sliding along the slide rail 1; a first motor 8 and a transmission unit, wherein the first motor 8 is connected to the movable push block 3 via the transmission unit, and is used to drive the movable push block 3 to slide along the slide rail 1 via the transmission unit to drive the fixing mechanism to approach the skin and fix the blood vessel. Furthermore, the driving mechanism also includes a second motor 2 for adjusting the direction of the slide rail 1, and the end on the slide rail 1 is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 2. The aforementioned end is the end that the movable push block 3 gradually approaches when moving away from the skin, so that the groove can be aligned with the blood vessel by adjusting the direction of the slide rail 1. In addition, both the first motor and the second motor are stepper motors, which can improve the accuracy and stability of the swing and movement of the movable push block 3.

[0042] The device also includes a controller, which is connected to the first motor 8 and the second motor 2 respectively. Based on the first motor and the second motor, manual clamping of the fixing plate is not required, and the process is fully automated, simple and convenient.

[0043] The transmission unit includes: a worm 6 connected to the output shaft of the first motor 8 and parallel to the output shaft of the first motor 8; a turbine 7 meshing with the worm 6; a screw 5, one end of which is fixedly connected to the axis of the turbine 7; a nut 4, which is sleeved on the screw 5 and meshed with the screw 5, and is fixedly connected to the moving push block 3. The worm gear mechanism and the screw nut mechanism can be used to improve the transmission ratio, which can reach the micron level, and the worm gear mechanism can produce a self-locking phenomenon to prevent the fixed plate from being offset due to the movement of the patient's arm, thereby affecting the accuracy of puncture.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present application, the worm 6 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 8 via a coupling 12, which can facilitate fixed installation and disassembly.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present application, the elastic pressing sheet 10 is a rigid member, and the connection between the pressing sheet 10 and the fixing sheet 9 is an elastic connection. Figure 4 As shown, the change of the cross section of the pressing piece 10 in the embodiment during the whole fixing process is shown. From the geometric relationship, it can be known that, assuming that the vertical displacement from the friction ball 11 contacting the skin to the completion of fixing is L1, the horizontal distance of the pressing piece is m, the numerical distance is n, and the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the friction ball after pressing are Δx and Δy respectively, then:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, the coordinate system used above is the basic coordinate system. For different coordinate systems, the corresponding results can be obtained through coordinate conversion. This design will not be repeated here. f(x) is mainly used as a subsequent output for other purposes.

[0048] Since the surface of human skin is relatively flat and the vertical displacement of the tablet is in the order of millimeters, if an elastic member is used, it is likely that during the descent of the fixed plate, the elastic member will shorten in length due to its elasticity, thus failing to tighten the skin and causing wrinkles. In addition, when the tablet is compressed, the slight shaking of the patient's arm may cause an unbalanced force on both ends of the tablet, resulting in the tablet bouncing. In more serious cases, it may interfere with the puncture process.

[0049] In this regard, the cross section of the pressing sheet 10 is a curve, and the angle between the pressing sheet 10 and the forward direction of the fixing mechanism gradually increases from the connection with the fixing sheet 9. By adopting this special curve, the angle between the tangent direction of the contact point between the pressing sheet and the friction ball 11 and the tangent direction of the patient's arm at this point gradually decreases. If a straight pressing sheet is used, since this angle is large at the beginning of the movement, it is easy to produce friction self-locking phenomenon. The advantage of using this curve is that it is not easy for the forces on it to achieve a two-force balance, thereby avoiding the occurrence of friction self-locking phenomenon to a large extent, so a larger initial friction angle can be set to ensure that the friction ball 11 will not slide relative to the arm skin in subsequent movements. And this curve can ensure that when the fixing sheet slowly moves down, and the angle between the pressing sheet 10 and the forward direction of the fixing mechanism gradually increases from the connection with the fixing sheet 9, the movement of the friction ball 11 gradually slows down, and the friction force is reduced relative to the initial state, because the skin is already in a nearly tensioned state in the later stage of the movement, if the friction force is still the same as the initial state, it is easier to cause skin damage, so this type of curve is used to ensure the comfort of the patient.

[0050] In order to ensure that the puncture needle can puncture at a maximum angle of 40°, the design of the fixing plate 9 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the height and length of the notch are as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Wherein: h is the height of the slot and s is the length of the slot.

[0053] In addition, in other embodiments, a limiting member for limiting the position of the movable push block 3 may be provided at the other end of the slide rail 1 , thereby preventing the movable push block 3 from derailing while sliding along the slide rail 1 .

[0054] This application controls the stepper motor through a controller. The controller has two signal sources. One is for manual puncture. The doctor clicks on the required fixed point in the image display of the control system. The specific process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the second is for the venipuncture robot, the control system obtains the location of the target blood vessel from the venipuncture robot processing system. The specific process is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0055] Since the device can be attached to a puncture robot or other mechanism, the device only needs to consider the movement in the Z direction and the rotation around the Y axis. After acquiring the signal, the controller gives the control path, and the two motors start to rotate. The second motor 2 controls the rotation of the slide rail and the attachment on the slide rail, and the first motor 8 controls the worm 6 to rotate, thereby driving the worm wheel 7 to rotate, the worm wheel 7 drives the screw 5 to rotate, and the screw 5 drives the nut 4 and the moving push block 3 to move in a straight line. When approaching the skin surface, the friction ball 11 first contacts the skin. As the moving push block 3 moves, the height of the pressing sheet decreases, and the length side lengthens, pushing the friction ball 11 to drive the skin to move to both sides, reducing skin wrinkles, and then the internal groove of the fixed sheet 9 is aligned with the surface veins to complete the fixation.

[0056] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A superficial vein blood vessel fixing device, comprising a fixing mechanism for fixing the blood vessel and a driving mechanism for driving the fixing mechanism, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises a fixing plate (9) and pressing plates (10) arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, the fixing plate (9) has a bottom surface with a notch for locating a blood vessel, one end of the pressing plate (10) is connected to the fixing plate (9), and the other end is provided with a friction ball (11); after the notch of the fixing plate (9) is aligned with the blood vessel to be fixed, the fixing mechanism approaches the skin under the drive of the driving mechanism and fixes the blood vessel; The driving mechanism comprises: A slide rail (1) and a movable push block (3) disposed on the slide rail (1) and sliding along the slide rail (1); A first motor (8) and a transmission unit, wherein the first motor (8) is connected to the movable push block (3) via the transmission unit and is used to drive the movable push block (3) to slide along the slide rail (1) so as to drive the fixing mechanism to approach the skin and fix the blood vessel; The driving mechanism further comprises a second motor (2) for adjusting the direction of the slide rail (1); one end of the slide rail (1) is connected to an output shaft of the second motor (2); The transmission unit comprises: A worm (6) connected to the output shaft of the first motor (8) and parallel to the output shaft of the first motor (8); A turbine (7) meshing with the worm (6); A screw rod (5), one end of which is fixedly connected to the axis of the turbine (7); A nut (4) is sleeved on the screw rod (5) and meshes with the screw rod (5), and is fixedly connected to the movable push block (3); The worm (6) is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (8) via a coupling (12); The pressing plate (10) is a rigid part, and the connection between the pressing plate (10) and the fixing plate (9) is an elastic connection; The cross section of the pressing sheet (10) is a curve, and the angle between the pressing sheet (10) and the advancing direction of the fixing mechanism gradually increases from the connection point with the fixing sheet (9); The height and length of the notch are specifically: , in; h is the height of the notch, s is the length of the slot.

2. A superficial vein fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a controller, which is connected to the first motor (8) and the second motor (2) respectively.

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