A device for precision machining of bevel gears by abrasive flow

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears, which consists of a cylinder body part, a bevel gear working part and a rotating part. The cylinder body part consists of a cylinder cover, a locking device, a working cylinder, a hinge part and a nut matched therewith. The locking device consists of a locking buckle, a locking screw and a pin shaft, and the bevel gear working part consists of a splitter plate, a three-blade agitator and a flow partition. The rotating part consists of a motor part, a base part, a working pinion, a working gear, a flat key, a stepped shaft and an angular contact ball bearing with an interference fit therewith. The motor part consists of a motor, a pair of fixing plates and matching screws. The working cylinder body and the base are fixed by a shaped boss and a groove to ensure the alignment of the installation and improve the working stability of the device. The device is easy to install and maintain, and can better achieve the polishing effect of the bevel gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of abrasive flow machining, in particular to a device for precision machining bevel gears with abrasive flow. Background Art

[0002] Bevel gears are the basic components for realizing the transmission of intersecting axes, and are mainly used to transmit the motion and power of two intersecting axes. They are usually processed on special machine tools such as bevel gear planers, and can also be processed on milling machines with bevel gear milling cutters. Due to the advantages of large overlap, smooth transmission, low noise, and high load-bearing capacity, they are widely used in various industries such as machinery manufacturing, military industry, aerospace, shipbuilding, and automobiles. The manufacturing accuracy and quality of bevel gears directly affect the efficiency, noise, motion accuracy, and noise of the transmission system. Improving the surface quality of bevel gears can effectively reduce tooth surface friction, vibration, and noise, and improve the meshing accuracy and service life of bevel gears. Polishing the gear tooth surface is an effective way to improve the gear tooth surface accuracy and extend the service life. In mechanical manufacturing, the gear grinding method is generally used to polish the gear tooth surface, which can effectively improve the gear surface quality, but the gear grinding machine is expensive, the hardened layer of the tooth surface after grinding is uneven, and residual tensile stress is generated on the tooth surface. Grinding cracks and burns may also occur, affecting the fatigue strength and service life of the gear teeth. Therefore, there are certain difficulties in traditional mechanical precision machining, and the processing temperature generated by abrasive flow precision machining is lower than the traditional grinding temperature, so it can reduce grinding burns to a certain extent and make the surface quality of the workpiece uniform after polishing. Therefore, abrasive flow precision machining technology is used to polish the tooth surface of the bevel gear.

[0003] Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is a new type of mechanical processing method. It is to mix hard abrasive particles into a polymer material with a certain viscoelasticity to form a semi-fluid grinding medium. Under the action of pressure, the grinding medium reciprocates through the surface of the workpiece to be processed, thereby producing micro-cutting. When the abrasive flow processes the flow channel surface or corners evenly and gradually, it produces deburring, polishing and chamfering. Since the abrasive medium flows under pressure, any part it flows through will be smoothed. For those parts that are difficult to access with general tools, the superiority of abrasive flow machining technology is particularly prominent for the finishing of small holes and cross holes, and the deburring of cross holes. The AFM method can also be applied to workpieces that are not satisfactory or will be damaged during processing by rollers, vibrations and other large-scale processing. And it can effectively remove the delamination regenerated after discharge machining or laser beam machining and the residual stress remaining on the surface of the previous process.

[0004] The mechanism of abrasive flow polishing is to regard the abrasive particles in the abrasive as cutting tools, and use their irregular sharp edges to repeatedly cut the working surface of the parts through which the abrasive particles flow, thereby achieving polishing and deburring of the workpiece surface. During abrasive flow processing, the viscoelastic medium is regarded as a carrier of hard abrasive particles, and the abrasive particles grind the processed surface of the workpiece. At this time, the viscoelastic medium can be regarded as a spring mechanism, which can buffer the excessive collision between the abrasive particles and the workpiece surface and avoid the generation of microcracks. Abrasive flow processing is almost not limited by the geometric shape of the workpiece. It can be used for deburring and finishing of planes, inner and outer surfaces of circular tubes, spiral surfaces, complex curved surfaces or micro-hole flow channel surfaces, which can effectively improve the surface quality of the workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of difficulty in precision machining of bevel gears, and to provide a device for precision machining of bevel gears by abrasive flow. The device consists of a cylinder body part, a bevel gear working part and a rotating part. The bevel gear to be machined is fixed on the first cylindrical shaft of the step shaft through a matching sleeve, and a three-blade agitator and an angular contact ball bearing are installed on the second cylindrical shaft of the step shaft. The motor is used to drive the meshing rotation of large and small gears to drive the step shaft to rotate. During machining, the abrasive flow enters from the abrasive flow inlet, flows evenly over the bevel tooth surface through the circumferential array of diverter grooves on the diverter plate, and then flows out through the outlet of the working cylinder body. The motor drives the three-blade agitator to rotate and stir, which not only solves the problem of blockage of the abrasive flow outlet, but also can make the lower surface of the bevel gear evenly polished.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an abrasive flow precision machining bevel gear equipment, characterized in that the cylinder body part is composed of a cylinder cover, a locking device, a working cylinder, a hinge part and a nut matched therewith. The locking device is composed of a locking buckle, a locking screw and a pin shaft, and the hinge part is composed of a hinge shaft and two hinge pieces. The working part of the bevel gear is composed of a splitter plate, a bevel gear fixing part, a three-blade stirrer and a flow partition. The rotating part is composed of a motor part, a base part, a working pinion, a working gear, a flat key, a stepped shaft and an angular contact ball bearing with an interference fit therewith, the motor part is composed of a motor, a pair of fixing plates and matching screws, and the base part is composed of a base surface, four legs and a motor bracket. The working cylinder body and the base are fixed by a boss of a specific shape and a groove to ensure the alignment of the installation and improve the working stability of the equipment.

[0007] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the cylinder head is provided with an abrasive flow inlet and a locking buckle fixed upper boss 1 and a hinge piece installed upper boss 2, and boss 1 and boss 2 are each provided with four threaded holes. The locking buckle adopts a "C"-shaped structure, and is provided with a threaded hole and a through hole. The locking screw is provided with a thread and a handle. The locking buckle and the locking screw are installed on the cylinder head locking buckle fixed boss 1 in cooperation with the pin shaft. The working cylinder is a rotating body structure, and is provided with a locking buckle fixed lower boss 3, a hinge piece installed lower boss 4, a circumferential array of abrasive flow outlets, a bearing mounting platform and a fixing groove. The hinge installation lower boss 4 is provided with four threaded holes, and the fixing groove is cooperated with the base surface shape boss 5 to fix the working cylinder. The hinge piece is provided with a matching hole and four countersunk holes. The two hinge piece matching holes are matched with the hinge shaft. The four countersunk holes are matched with screws and installed on the boss 3 and boss 4 on the working cylinder, so that the cylinder head can be opened and closed through the hinge part, in order to facilitate the rapid replacement of the workpiece and the maintenance of parts.

[0008] Furthermore, as a preference, the diverter plate is provided with a circumferential array of diverter grooves, the purpose of which is that the abrasive flow entering during operation is blocked and dispersed, and is evenly placed on the surface of the bevel gear through the diverter grooves. The bevel gear fixing part is composed of a bevel gear, a matching sleeve, and a flat key. The matching sleeve is provided with a keyway and a boss, which are used to fix the rotating stepped shaft and the bevel gear to avoid the shaking of the bevel gear during processing. The matching sleeve is connected to the stepped shaft through a flat key and the structural shape of the matching sleeve can be made according to the shape of the inner hole of the bevel gear. The three-blade agitator is composed of three toothed blades and an intermediate matching part, which is provided with an internal spline and fixed to the stepped shaft through an external spline. The purpose is to stir the abrasive flow fluid and avoid the abrasive flow being blocked at the outlet hole of the cylinder body.

[0009] Further, as a preference, the motor is mounted on the motor bracket by fixing washers and screws. The base portion is composed of a base surface, four legs and a motor bracket. The working cylinder body is fixed to the base by a shaped boss and a groove, and the working pinion is mounted on the motor shaft by a flat key. The stepped shaft is a three-step structure, in the order of the first section cylindrical shaft, the second section cylindrical shaft, and the third section truncated cone shaft. The first section cylindrical shaft is provided with a keyway, which is connected by a flat key for installing a matching sleeve. The second section cylindrical shaft end is provided with an external spline for installing a three-blade agitator provided with an internal spline. The angular contact ball bearing is installed on the second section cylindrical shaft by an interference fit, and the working gear is installed on the third section truncated cone shaft by an expansion connection. The purpose of using a gear transmission system for the meshing of the working pinion with the working gear is to have high transmission efficiency, avoid slipping, make the process of abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears stable and reliable, and extend the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1This is an overall exploded diagram of the equipment for abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears.

[0011] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the equipment for abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears.

[0012] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cylinder head.

[0013] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the manifold.

[0014] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of hinge.

[0015] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of hinge axis.

[0016] Figure 7 This is an isometric diagram of the locking buckle.

[0017] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of bevel gear.

[0018] Fig. 9 This is an isometric diagram of the matching sleeve.

[0019] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a three-blade agitator.

[0020] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of flow barrier.

[0021] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of a stepped shaft.

[0022] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the equiaxial side of an angular contact ball bearing.

[0023] Fig.14 This is an isometric diagram of the working cylinder.

[0024] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the base.

[0025] Fig.16 The schematic diagram of the motor.

[0026] In the figure: 1, cylinder head, 1-1, abrasive flow inlet, 1-2, four threaded holes, 1-3, locking boss 2, diverter plate, 2-1, mounting boss, 2-2, circular array diverter groove, 3, hinge, 3-1-1, hinge piece mounting through hole, 3-1-2, connecting matching hole 3-2, hinge shaft, 3-2-1 pin hole, 4, locking buckle, 4-1, locking buckle through hole, 4-2, locking buckle threaded hole, 5, locking screw, 6, bevel gear, 6-1, keyway, 6-2, tooth surface to be processed 7, matching sleeve, 7-1, keyway, 7-2, boss, 8, three-blade agitator, 8-1, tooth-shaped tooth, 8-2, internal spline, 8-3 blade , 9. Isolation plate, 9-1. Step shaft matching hole, 9-2. Boss, 10. Angular contact ball bearing, 11. Step shaft, 11-1. First section of the cylinder of the step shaft, 11-2. Step shaft keyway, 11-3. Third section of the cone shaft of the step shaft, 12. Working cylinder body, 12-1. Locking lower boss, 12-2. Hinge mounting lower boss, 12-3. Abrasive flow outlet, 13. Base, 14. Working small gear, 15. Working large gear, 16. Motor, 16-1. Keyway, 16-2. Four through holes on the motor base, 17. Motor mounting bracket, 17-1. Four threaded holes of the mounting bracket, 18. Screws, 19. Flat key. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides a device for abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears. The technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention mainly consists of three parts, namely, a cylinder part, a bevel gear working part and a rotating part. Because the device adopts a closed structure, it should be installed from the inside to the outside during installation. The bevel gear working part is installed first. The bevel gear first installs a three-blade stirrer (8) on the outer spline (11-2-1) of the second cylindrical shaft (11) of the stepped shaft through a spline connection to stir the abrasive flow fluid to avoid the abrasive flow being blocked at the outlet hole of the cylinder body. Then, the matching sleeve (7) and the flat key (10) are matched and installed on the first cylindrical shaft (11-1) of the stepped shaft in sequence to avoid the shaking of the bevel gear during the processing. Finally, the diverter plate (2) is installed on the inner edge boss of the working cylinder. The bevel gear working part is installed.

[0029] The rotating part is composed of a motor part (17), a base part (14), a working pinion (15), a working gear (16), a flat key (19), a stepped shaft (11), an angular contact ball bearing (10) and a matching screw that are interference fit therewith. The motor part is composed of a motor (16), a pair of fixing plates (16-2) and matching screws. First, the angular contact ball bearing (10) is installed on the second section cylindrical shaft (11-2) of the stepped shaft by interference fit, and then the outer ring surface of the angular contact ball bearing is installed in the groove in the working cylinder. The base part is composed of a base surface (13-1), four legs (13-2) and a motor bracket (17). The working cylinder body and the base are fixed by a boss with a specific shape and a groove. The working pinion (14) is installed on the motor shaft (16) by a flat key (19). The working gear (15) is installed on the third section truncated cone shaft (11-3) by an expansion connection. The motor is mounted on the motor bracket by means of fixing plates and screws. The purpose of adopting the gear transmission system in the rotating part is to improve the transmission efficiency, avoid slipping, and make the process of abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears stable and reliable, thereby realizing the installation work of the rotating part of the equipment.

[0030] The cylinder body part is composed of a cylinder cover (1), a locking device (4, 5), a working cylinder (12), a hinge (3) and a nut matched therewith. The cylinder cover is provided with an abrasive flow inlet, a locking buckle fixing upper boss and a hinge piece mounting upper boss, which are provided with four threaded holes. The locking device is composed of a locking buckle (4), a locking screw (5) and a pin shaft. The locking buckle adopts a "C"-shaped structure and is provided with a through hole (4-1) and a threaded hole (4-2). The locking buckle (4) and the locking screw (5) are matched with the pin shaft and mounted on the cylinder cover locking buckle fixing boss (12-1). The working cylinder is provided with a locking buckle fixing lower boss (12-1), a hinge piece mounting lower boss (12-2), a circumferential array of abrasive flow outlets (12-3), a bearing mounting platform and a fixing groove. The cylinder cover (1) is connected and mounted on the cylinder mouth (12) of the working cylinder through the hinge (3). The hinge part is composed of a hinge shaft (3-2) and two hinge pieces (3-1), and the hinge piece is provided with four countersunk holes (3-1-1) and a matching hole (3-1-2). The four countersunk holes (3-1-1) are mounted on a boss (12-2) on the working cylinder in cooperation with screws, so that the cylinder cover can be opened and closed by the hinge. The above is the installation process of the cylinder body part of the device.

[0031] When the equipment is in operation, the equipment is first placed vertically to confirm that the bevel gear (5) is installed and can rotate. Then, the motor is powered on, and the rotating part drives the bevel gear (6) and the three-blade stirrer (8) to start rotating. Abrasive fluid is introduced into the abrasive flow inlet of the cylinder head, and the abrasive flows evenly over the surface of the workpiece through the diverter plate. The three-blade stirrer rotates and stirs to remove the abrasive flow, thereby realizing the abrasive flow precision machining process of the bevel gear.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears, characterized in that: The equipment consists of a cylinder body, a bevel gear working part and a rotating part. The cylinder body consists of a cylinder cover, a locking device, a working cylinder, a hinge part and a nut matched therewith. The locking device consists of a locking buckle, a locking screw and a pin shaft. The hinge part consists of a hinge shaft and two hinge pieces. The bevel gear working part consists of a diverter plate, a bevel gear fixing part, a three-blade agitator and a flow partition. The rotating part consists of a motor part, a base part, a working pinion, a working gear, a flat key, a stepped shaft and an angular contact ball bearing with an interference fit therewith. The motor part consists of a motor, a pair of fixing plates and matching screws. The base part consists of a base surface, four legs and a motor bracket. A specific The shaped boss and the groove are fixed in cooperation to ensure the alignment of the working cylinder and the base and improve the working stability of the equipment. The cylinder cover is provided with an abrasive flow inlet and a locking buckle fixed upper boss 1 and a hinge piece installed upper boss 2. The upper boss 1 and the upper boss 2 are each provided with four threaded holes. The locking buckle adopts a "C" type structure and is provided with threaded holes and through holes. The locking screw is provided with threads and a handle. The locking buckle and the locking screw are installed in cooperation with the pin shaft on the cylinder cover locking buckle fixed upper boss 1. The working cylinder is a rotating body structure, which is provided with a locking buckle fixed lower boss 3, a hinge piece installed lower boss 4, a circular array of abrasive flow outlets, a bearing mounting platform and a fixed groove. The hinge installed lower boss 4 is provided with four threaded holes. The fixed groove and the shaped boss on the base surface are The five cooperating parts fix the working cylinder, the hinge piece is provided with a cooperating hole and four countersunk holes, the two hinge piece cooperating holes cooperate with the hinge shaft, the four countersunk holes cooperate with screws and are installed on the lower boss three and lower boss four on the working cylinder, so that the cylinder cover can be opened and closed through the hinge part, the purpose is to facilitate the rapid replacement of the workpiece and to facilitate the maintenance of parts, the diverter plate is provided with a circumferential array of diverter grooves, the purpose is to block the abrasive flow introduced during work and disperse it, and evenly place it on the surface of the bevel gear through the diverter grooves, the bevel gear fixing part is composed of a cooperating sleeve and a flat key, the cooperating sleeve is provided with a keyway and a boss five, which are used to fix the rotating step shaft and the bevel gear to avoid the shaking of the bevel gear during processing, the cooperating sleeve is connected to the step shaft through a flat key and the structural shape of the cooperating sleeve can be Made according to the shape of the inner hole of the bevel gear, the three-blade agitator consists of three toothed blades and an intermediate matching part, and is provided with an internal spline, which is fixed on the stepped shaft through an external spline, the purpose of which is to stir the abrasive flow fluid to avoid the abrasive flow being blocked at the outlet hole of the cylinder body. The motor is installed on the motor bracket through a fixing gasket and a screw, and the working pinion is installed on the motor shaft through a flat key. The stepped shaft is a three-step structure, and the order is the first section cylindrical shaft, the second section cylindrical shaft, and the third section truncated cone shaft. The first section cylindrical shaft is provided with a keyway, which is connected by a flat key for installing a matching sleeve. The shaft end of the second section cylindrical shaft is provided with an external spline for installing a three-blade agitator provided with an internal spline, and the angular contact ball bearing is installed on the second section cylindrical shaft through an interference fit.The working large gear is installed on the third section of the frustum shaft through an expansion connection, and the working small gear meshes with the working large gear. The purpose of using a gear transmission system is to achieve high transmission efficiency, avoid slipping, and make the process of abrasive flow precision machining of bevel gears stable and reliable.

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