Fully automatic press quenching tooling for special-shaped driven bevel gears

Abstract

A fully automatic press quenching tool for special-shaped driven bevel gears, used in the field of mechanical manufacturing technology. The centering aid is installed in the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable, and its positioning rod is pressed against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable; the centering fixture is threadedly connected to the center rod of the quenching press, and the centering fixture and the centering aid body are hole-shaft matched, and the centering fixture is in contact with the inner hole of the part to center it; the outer die is pressed into contact with the tooth surface of the part. The present invention uses a centering aid to guide the part, which can ensure the concentricity of the center of the part and the center of the quenching press worktable, realizes a fully automatic press quenching process, effectively solves the quality problem of unstable gear heat treatment deformation, and can ensure the consistency of gear heat treatment quenching deformation. The gear heat treatment deformation is significantly improved, and the flatness deformation is 0.06mm-0.1mm. The tooth profile accuracy after heat treatment is good and can reach level 7-9, which effectively reduces the attenuation of tooth profile accuracy, has low labor intensity, and high operating efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a tool used for quenching special-shaped driven bevel gears on a full-automatic press. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, many new special-shaped gears are put into use in the automobile manufacturing process. Their structures are complex and cannot be processed using traditional driven bevel gear press quenching tooling. Traditional driven bevel gears use internal and external die and expander structures, and the expander is used to center the parts. Since the inner hole size of the special-shaped driven bevel gear is less than φ100, it cannot meet the dimensional requirements of the minimum size (φ120) of the expander structure design, so the expander structure cannot be used for centering.

[0003] Due to the difficulty in designing the quenching press tooling for the special-shaped driven bevel gear structure, no fully automatic press quenching tooling has been developed at home and abroad. Domestic products of this structure are rarely used, and all use the direct quenching process, resulting in unstable heat treatment deformation, and the product qualification rate is only about 50%-60%. Since the accuracy error of the lower die design positioning tooling is ±0.5mm, and the positioning accuracy error of the manipulator placing the parts to the center of the quenching press is ±5mm, it does not meet the requirements and cannot achieve the fully automatic press quenching process. Only manual upper press quenching can be used. However, the weight of a single piece of special-shaped driven bevel gear reaches 30-40 kilograms, and the labor intensity of the operator is extremely high and the efficiency is low. In order to solve the problem of heat treatment deformation of special-shaped driven bevel gears, the press quenching process must be implemented and the quenching press tooling must be used. Therefore, it is imperative to study a fully automatic press quenching tooling for heat treatment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of heat treatment deformation of special-shaped driven bevel gears, the purpose of the invention is to provide a fully automatic press quenching tool for special-shaped driven bevel gears to achieve fully automatic press quenching of special-shaped driven bevel gears, reduce the labor intensity of operators, and improve heat treatment deformation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention is composed of a centering aid, a centering clamp, and an external pressure die; the centering aid is installed in the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable, and its positioning rod is pressed against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable; the centering clamp is threadedly connected to the center rod of the quenching press, the centering clamp and the body of the centering aid are hole-axis matched, the centering clamp is in contact with the inner hole of the part to center it; the external pressure die is in pressure contact with the tooth surface of the part.

[0006] The main body of the centering aid consists of a central cylinder in the vertical direction and three positioning holes in the horizontal direction at an angle of 120°. Three adjustable positioning rods are assembled at an angle of 120° in the three positioning holes in the horizontal direction of the main body at an angle of 120°. The main body and the positioning rods are connected by three light elastic pins. The positioning rods have a 4mm movable distance in the horizontal direction and will not fall off the main body. Four steel balls are placed in the vertical center hole of the main body, three of which are respectively located at the junction of the three center holes of the positioning rods, and the fourth steel ball is assembled on the three steel balls. A pressure rod is provided on the fourth steel ball. The screw is connected to the thread at the top of the vertical center hole of the main body, and the screw is tightened to press the pressure rod downward. The pressure rod squeezes the steel balls downward, and the three positioning rods at an angle of 120° to each other are moved outward in three horizontal directions, and pressed against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press workbench.

[0007] The centering fixture is a cylindrical structure with a thread on the upper end; the outer screw at the upper end is threadedly connected to the center rod of the quenching press, the outer circle of the lower cylinder cooperates with the part, and the inner hole of the cylinder cooperates with the center cylinder of the centering fixture in the vertical direction; the lower end of the outer circle of the cylinder has a cone structure.

[0008] The outer pressing die is a disc-shaped structure and is connected and fixed to the upper spacer sleeve of the quenching press by bolts.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0010] 1. The present invention adopts a centering aid to guide the parts, which can ensure the concentricity of the center of the part and the center of the quenching press table, and can effectively solve the quality problem of unstable deformation of the gear heat treatment. After adopting the tooling of the present invention, the consistency of the heat treatment quenching deformation of the gear can be ensured, and the gear heat treatment deformation is significantly improved. The flatness deformation is 0.06mm-0.1mm. The tooth profile accuracy after heat treatment is good and can reach 7-9 levels, effectively reducing the tooth profile accuracy attenuation.

[0011] 2. The present invention adopts a centering aid and a centering fixture to connect with the quenching press worktable and the upper center rod respectively. The two cooperate to guide the parts, reduce the shear force generated during the guiding process, and effectively protect the center rod from deformation.

[0012] 3. The present invention provides a guarantee for parts positioning to achieve fully automatic robot press quenching instead of manually clamping parts on a press quenching, greatly reduces the labor intensity of operators, and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the centering aid structure.

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view of the .

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the centering fixture structure.

[0017] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the outer die structure.

[0018] Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the present invention is mainly composed of a centering aid 3, a centering fixture 4, and an external die 5; the centering aid 3 is installed in the center bottom hole of the quenching press workbench 2, and its positioning rod 3-6 presses against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press workbench 2; the centering fixture 4 is threadedly connected with the center rod 6 of the quenching press, and the centering fixture 4 and the body 3-2 of the centering aid 3 are hole-axis matched. The hole-axis matching structure of the centering fixture 4 and the centering aid 3 can greatly reduce the load borne by the center rod 6 of the quenching press. The shear force is used to prevent the deformation of the center rod 6 of the quenching press due to excessive shear force. The deformation of the center rod 6 of the quenching press will directly affect the centering accuracy of the part 1, and it is easy to cause problems such as oil leakage in the center oil cylinder connected to the center rod 6 of the quenching press, which seriously affects the quenching quality of the part 1 and even causes the entire quenching press to be scrapped. The outer circle of the centering fixture 4 contacts the inner hole of the part 1 to center it; the outer die 5 is pressed into contact with the tooth surface of the part 1 to control the heat treatment deformation of the part 1.

[0020] The centering aid 3 is installed in the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable 2, and is mainly composed of a main body 3-2, three positioning rods 3-6, four steel balls 3-4, three light elastic pins 3-5, a screw 3-1 and a pressure rod 3-3. The main body 3-2 of the centering aid 3 is composed of a central cylinder in the vertical direction and three positioning holes in the horizontal direction at 120°. The three adjustable positioning rods 3-6 are assembled at 120° in the three horizontal positioning holes of the main body 3-2 at 120°. The main body 3-2 and the positioning rods 3-6 are connected by three light elastic pins 3-5 to position the positioning rods 3-6 and ensure that the positioning rods 3-6 have a horizontal movement distance of 4mm and do not fall off from the main body 3-2. The adjustable positioning rods 3-6 can improve their versatility in matching with the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable 2; four steel balls 3-4 are placed in the vertical center hole of the main body 3-2, three of which are The first and second steel balls 3-4 are respectively located at the junction of the center holes of the three positioning rods 3-6, the fourth steel ball 3-4 is assembled on the three steel balls 3-4, and a pressure rod 3-3 is provided on the fourth steel ball 3-4; the screw 3-1 is connected to the thread at the top of the center hole in the vertical direction of the main body 3-2. When working, the screw 3-1 is tightened with a screwdriver to press down the pressure rod 3-3, and the pressure rod 3-3 squeezes the steel balls 3-4 downward, thereby moving the three positioning rods 3-6 at 120° to each other in three horizontal directions, and pressing them on the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable 2 to ensure that the concentricity of the centering aid 3 and the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable 2 reaches ±0.1mm.

[0021] The centering fixture 4 is a single cylindrical component, and the external thread on its upper end is connected with the internal thread of the center rod 6 of the quenching press; the inner hole depth L2 of the centering fixture 4 matches the length L1 of the centering aid 3, and the total length L3 matches the height of the part 1; the outer circle size Ø3 of the lower end cylinder of the centering fixture 4 is designed according to the minimum inner hole tooth blank size of the part 1, and the design size must take into account the centering accuracy and heat treatment deformation of the part 1, and the outer circle of the centering fixture 4 forms a hole-axis clearance fit with the part 1; the inner hole size Ø2 of the lower end cylinder is based on the outer diameter size Ø of the center cylinder in the vertical direction of the body 3-2 of the centering aid 3 1 design, the inner hole depth of the centering fixture 4 is designed according to the installation dimensions of the centering aid 3 and the quenching press; when the quenching press is working, the center rod 6 of the quenching press descends, and the centering fixture 4 moves downward with it and contacts with the center cylinder of the body 3-2 of the centering aid 3 in the vertical direction, forming a hole-axis clearance fit, and the outer circle of the centering fixture 4 contacts with the inner hole of the part 1 and guides it along the center for centering the part 1. During the centering process, the centering fixture 4 and the centering aid 3 form a hole-axis fit, which can effectively reduce the shear force generated during the centering process of the part 1, and ensure that the center rod 6 of the quenching press is not deformed.

[0022] The outer die 5 is a single disc-shaped component, which is connected and fixed to the upper spacer sleeve 7 of the quenching press by bolts 8. When working, the outer die presses the outer end surface of the workpiece 1 to control the flatness deformation and tooth shape change of the gear.

[0023] The centering aid 3 of the present invention is installed in the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable 2. When working, the pressure rod 3-3 is pressed down by tightening the screw 3-1, and the pressure rod 3-3 squeezes a steel ball 3-4 on the top downward, and the steel ball 3-4 on the top squeezes the three steel balls 3-4 on the side and below, so that the three positioning rods 3-6 are expanded in three directions of 120° horizontally, and pressed against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable 2, ensuring that the concentricity of the centering aid 3 and the press bottom hole reaches ±0.1mm. The centering fixture 4 is installed on the upper quenching press center rod 6 by threaded connection. Its inner hole size Φ2 and depth L2 can ensure that it can contact with the body 3-2 cylinder of the centering aid 3 to form a hole-axis clearance fit. Its outer circle size Φ3 and height L3 can ensure that it can contact with the inner hole of the part 1 to perform inner hole centering on the part 1.

[0024] The operation process of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The quenching manipulator places the part 1 to be press-quenched from the unloading station of the quenching press onto the workbench 2 of the quenching press. The deviation between the center of the part 1 and the center of the workbench 2 of the quenching press is 1~±5mm;

[0026] 2. The quenching press workbench 2 starts working after receiving the signal. After stepping into place, the quenching press center rod 6 drops, and the inner hole of the centering fixture 4 connected to the quenching press center rod 6 first contacts and cooperates with the outer circle of the main body column of the centering auxiliary tool 3, so that the quenching press center rod 6 and the centering fixture 4 become rigid guide rods fixed at both ends;

[0027] 3. The center rod 6 of the quenching press continues to descend, and the cone at the lower end of the outer circle of the centering fixture 4 contacts the inner hole of the part 1 to guide the part 1 and complete the centering of the part 1, ensuring that the concentricity accuracy of the center of the part 1 and the center of the quenching press table 2 reaches ±0.3mm;

[0028] 4. During the descent of the center rod 6 of the quenching press, the spacer 7 on the quenching press descends synchronously, driving the outer die 5 to descend through the bolt 8. After the center rod 6 of the quenching press centers the part 1, the outer die 5 continues to move downward until the outer die 5 contacts the part 1.

[0029] 5. After the contact between the outer die 5 and the part 1 is completed, the equipment locking cylinder is locked, and the quenching press starts to implement the press quenching process to complete the fully automatic press quenching.

Claims

1. A fully automatic press quenching tool for special-shaped driven bevel gears, characterized by: The press quenching tool is composed of a centering tool (3), a centering fixture (4), and an external die (5); the centering tool (3) is installed in the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable (2), and its positioning rod (3-6) is pressed against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press worktable (2); the centering fixture (4) is threadedly connected to the center rod (6) of the quenching press, the centering fixture (4) and the body (3-2) of the centering tool (3) are hole-shaft matched, the centering fixture (4) is in contact with the inner hole of the part (1) to center it; the external die (5) is in pressure contact with the tooth surface of the part (1); the body (3-2) of the centering tool (3) is composed of a central cylinder in the vertical direction and three positioning holes in the horizontal direction at an angle of 120°, three adjustable positioning rods (3-6) are assembled in the three positioning holes in the horizontal direction at an angle of 120° in the body (3-2), and the body (3-2) and the positioning rods are in contact with the inner hole of the part (1) to center it. (3-6) are connected by three light elastic pins (3-5), and the positioning rod (3-6) has a movable distance of 4mm in the horizontal direction and does not fall off from the main body (3-2); four steel balls (3-4) are placed in the vertical center hole of the main body (3-2), three of which are respectively located at the joints of the center holes of the three positioning rods (3-6), and the fourth steel ball (3-4) is assembled on the three steel balls (3-4), and a pressure rod (3-3) is provided on the fourth steel ball (3-4); the screw (3-1) is connected to the thread at the top of the vertical center hole of the main body (3-2), and the screw (3-1) is tightened to press the pressure rod (3-3), and the pressure rod (3-3) squeezes the steel ball (3-4) downward, so that the three positioning rods (3-6) are moved outward in three horizontal directions at an angle of 120 degrees to each other, and are pressed against the inner wall of the center bottom hole of the quenching press workbench (2).

2. The fully automatic press quenching tool for special-shaped driven bevel gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering fixture (4) is a cylindrical structure with a threaded upper end; the outer screw at the upper end of the centering fixture (4) is threadedly connected to the center rod (6) of the quenching press, the outer circle of the lower end cylinder cooperates with the part (1), the inner hole of the centering fixture (4) cooperates with the center cylinder of the main body (3-2) of the centering auxiliary tool (3) in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the outer circle of the centering fixture (4) has a cone structure.

3. The fully automatic press quenching tool for special-shaped driven bevel gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer die (5) is a disc-shaped component and is connected and fixed to the upper spacer (7) of the quenching press by bolts (8).

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