Traction pillow slow car hook installation seat assembly tooling equipment and its diversified welding process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tooling equipment for a traction pillow and a slow car hook mounting seat assembly and a diversified welding process using the same. The equipment includes a robot, a positioner, a hook seat component welding tooling, a rib plate welding tooling, and a hook mounting seat and a hook beam welding tooling; the process is implemented by a welding machine, a robot, a positioner and a high-precision welding tooling. The high-precision welding tooling includes a hook seat component welding tooling, a rib plate welding tooling, and a hook mounting seat and a hook beam welding tooling. The hook seat component welding tooling completes the assembly welding of the hook seat component and the upper and lower cover plates; the rib plate welding tooling completes the assembly welding of the reinforcing rib plate; the hook mounting seat and the hook beam welding tooling completes the welding of the hook beam and the hook mounting seat assembly. The present invention can improve the production capacity of the welding of the subway aluminum alloy car traction pillow and the slow car hook mounting seat and the hook beam and the hook mounting seat assembly, reduce the labor intensity of welding operators, improve the assembly accuracy of the product, and completely avoid the phenomenon of product mis-assembly or missing assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a traction and deceleration hook mounting seat assembly tooling equipment and a diversified welding process using the same, belonging to a rail transit vehicle body system, and is applied to the technical field of assembly welding of key components for connecting a vehicle body with a bogie and for vehicle coupling. The welded components are important components of a key vehicle body with high stress and high load-bearing capacity that affect the safety of vehicle operation. Background Art

[0002] The subway aluminum alloy traction pillow slow coupler mounting seat is a key component of vehicle coupling and belongs to the vehicle body system. The vehicle coupling coupler mechanism is connected and fixed with the coupler mounting seat by bolts to achieve the connection between vehicles. The coupler mounting seat plays the role of buffering, traction and transition between vehicles.

[0003] The existing technology is manual assembly and manual welding, and the manual welding process is:

[0004] ① Coupler seat profile welding: 1) Single coupler seat profile welding (process see Figure 1 ) 2) Two single coupler seat profiles are welded together to assemble the coupler seat components (see the process for details). Figure 2 );

[0005] ②Assemble the welding pad to Figure 2 On the coupler seat component (see Figure 3 );

[0006] ③ Upper and lower cover plate welding (see Figure 4 );

[0007] ④ Reinforcement plate welding (see Figure 5 ), at this point the coupling mounting seat welding is completed;

[0008] ⑤Assembly and welding of the hook beam (see Figure 6 )(For details, see patent number: CN201922100898.0);

[0009] ⑥ Welding of the coupler crossbeam and coupler mounting seat assembly (see Figure 7 ).

[0010] Since the production process of subway aluminum alloy car traction block and decelerator hook components is numerous and complicated, the daily output of subway aluminum alloy car traction block and decelerator hook components is low, and more personnel are needed to meet the daily delivery volume of the product.

[0011] The welding volume of subway aluminum alloy car traction pillow and decelerator hook components is very large and the weld quality requirements are high (according to EN15085 standards, the welds of this component are high-stress, high-safety performance welds). Strict requirements are placed on the skill level of the welding operators. Each weld must be welded continuously and completed in one go. The labor intensity of the welding operators is very high and they are very prone to fatigue, which causes a decline in welding quality and affects product quality. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a traction pillow and slow coupler mounting seat assembly tooling equipment and adopt its diversified welding process, which can improve the welding capacity of the subway aluminum alloy car traction pillow and slow coupler mounting seat and the coupler crossbeam and coupler mounting seat assembly, reduce the labor intensity of welding operators, improve the assembly accuracy of product components, and completely avoid the phenomenon of product misinstallation, missing installation, etc.

[0013] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0014] The assembly tooling equipment of the traction pillow and slow car coupler mounting seat includes a robot, a positioner, a coupler seat component welding tooling, a rib plate welding tooling, and a coupler mounting seat and coupler crossbeam welding tooling; the coupler seat component welding tooling is used for the installation of the upper and lower cover plates and the coupler seat components, including a base plate, a coupler seat positioning mechanism, an upper cover plate clamping cylinder, a lower cover plate clamping cylinder, a lower cover plate limit block, a center locating pin, a coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder combination, a sliding guide rail and a sliding cylinder. The base plate is set at the bottom of this tooling, and a center locating pin is set at the center of the base plate A sliding guide rail is provided on the base plate and on the vertical line of the symmetry axis of the tooling, and a coupler seat positioning mechanism is provided on the sliding guide rail. The coupler seat positioning mechanism is pushed by a sliding cylinder to move on the sliding guide rail, and the coupler seat positioning mechanism is located on both sides of the coupler seat component; the upper cover plate clamping cylinders are symmetrically distributed around the upper cover plate; the coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder combination is used to position and clamp the profile of the coupler seat component; the lower cover plate clamping cylinder and the lower cover plate limit block are located above the entire tooling, and are used to limit and fix the lower cover plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the rib plate welding tool adopts a dual-mechanism mode, including an inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism and an outer rib plate assembly welding mechanism. The inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism includes a coupler seat component positioning and pressing combination cylinder, a side pushing cylinder, an inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, a sliding pushing cylinder, and an inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism. The coupler seat component positioning and pressing combination cylinder and the side pushing cylinder are used to fix the coupler seat component, the inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder is used to clamp the inner rib plate, the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism is located on this tool and can move on the sliding guide rail, the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism is provided with the above-mentioned inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, and the sliding pushing cylinder is used to push the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism to move along the sliding guide rail; the outer rib plate assembly welding mechanism is similar to the inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism, with the only difference that the outer rib plate assembly positioning cylinder is used to clamp the outer rib plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the welding tooling of the coupler mounting seat and the coupler crossbeam includes an upper clamping cylinder assembly, a lower clamping cylinder assembly, and left and right end clamping cylinders, which are used for clamping and fixing in all directions.

[0017] Furthermore, the positioner includes a single-axis positioner and an L-shaped double-axis positioner. The coupler seat component welding tooling is arranged on the L-shaped double-axis positioner, which can realize rotation in the vertical horizontal plane direction and rotation in the parallel horizontal plane direction; the rib plate welding tooling, the coupler mounting seat and the coupler crossbeam welding tooling are arranged on the single-axis positioner.

[0018] Furthermore, the tooling equipment includes a first welding station and a second welding station, the first welding station is provided with the L-shaped double-axis positioner, and the second welding station is provided with the single-axis positioner; the robot includes a welding robot and a cleaning and preheating robot, and the two robots can work collaboratively at the same station or work simultaneously at different stations.

[0019] Furthermore, the tooling equipment also includes a gantry-type automatic welding machine.

[0020] A diversified welding process of the traction and buffer coupler mounting seat assembly tooling equipment is adopted. The process is realized by using a special welding machine, a robot, a positioner and a high-precision welding tool. The high-precision welding tool includes a coupler seat component welding tool, a rib plate welding tool, and a coupler mounting seat and coupler beam welding tool. The coupler seat component welding tool completes the assembly welding of the coupler seat component and the upper and lower cover plates; the rib plate welding tool completes the assembly welding of the reinforcing rib plate; the coupler mounting seat and coupler beam welding tool completes the welding of the coupler beam and the coupler mounting seat assembly.

[0021] Furthermore, the assembly welding of the coupler seat component and the upper and lower cover plates is completed on an L-shaped double-axis positioner: first, the coupler seat component, the upper cover plate, and the lower cover plate welded with the pad are placed at the corresponding positions of the coupler seat component welding tooling; the coupler seat component, the upper cover plate, and the lower cover plate are pressed by the cylinders to achieve positioning and fixation; when a small section of weld is welded between the coupler seat component, the upper cover plate, and the lower cover plate to connect them, the coupler seat positioning mechanism is moved on the sliding guide rail by the push of the sliding cylinder to open the welding area, thereby completing subsequent welding work.

[0022] Furthermore, the assembly welding of the reinforcing rib plates is completed on a single-axis positioner, and the reinforcing rib plates are welded in a flat welding position: first, the middle reinforcing rib plates are welded, then the welded middle reinforcing rib plates are polished, and finally, the welding of the outer reinforcing rib plates is completed.

[0023] Furthermore, the welding of the coupler cross beam and the coupler mounting seat assembly is completed on a single-axis positioner and is performed in a horizontal state. The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The number of operators is significantly reduced;

[0025] After the implementation of the present invention, the number of production operators can be reduced by 50%. The original manual welding required 6 people, but now only 3 people are needed. And the welding operators no longer need to have strong skills. Only those who know how to operate the equipment and deal with common welding defects can meet the production requirements. By comparison, it can be clearly found that the number of production operators is significantly less, and the reduction of personnel reduces labor costs. And the working environment and labor intensity are improved.

[0026] (2) The production cycle is greatly improved (based on the production welding process);

[0027] After the implementation of the present invention, the welding time of a single product is increased by 36% compared with manual welding. It takes 1 hour to weld a coupler mounting seat component by manual welding, 0.5 hours to weld the coupler beam (1 left and 1 right, 2 pieces) (automatic special machine welding), 1 hour to weld the coupler beam and the coupler mounting seat assembly, and the manual welding time is 2.5 hours / piece. At present, it takes 0.6 hours to weld a coupler mounting seat component by automatic welding, 0.5 hours to weld the coupler beam (1 left and 1 right, 2 pieces) (welding is performed using the same equipment), 0.5 hours to weld the coupler beam and the coupler mounting seat assembly, and the manual welding time is 1.6 hours / piece. By comparison, it can be clearly found that the production efficiency has been greatly improved, the daily production capacity has been improved, the delivery requirements of the products can be met, and the labor costs can be further saved.

[0028] (3) The per capita productivity has been improved;

[0029] Manual welding of coupler parts produces 3.6 pieces per day (8 hours of work per day, 1 piece every 2.5 hours), requiring 6 operators, with an average capacity of 0.6 pieces per person. The present invention automatically welds 5 coupler parts (8 hours of work per day, 1 piece every 1.6 hours), requiring 3 operators, with an average capacity of 1.6 pieces per person. After implementing the fully automatic welding process, the average capacity per person is increased by 2.7 times compared to manual welding. By comparison, it can be clearly found that the average capacity per person is improved and the personnel are fully utilized.

[0030] (4) Improved welding quality, suitable for assembly line operation;

[0031] The automatic welding of the present invention has good product consistency, the joint position is fixed, and the subsequent grinding and repair fixation are suitable for mass production. Manual welding has a certain deviation in the joint position due to assembly error, and the consistency of batch products is not good;

[0032] The automatic welding of the present invention has a large weld penetration depth and good welding quality;

[0033] The present invention can reduce labor intensity. It only needs to place the components at corresponding positions according to the process. At the same time, the detection equipment on the tooling can effectively prevent errors. Compared with manual welding, the influence of human factors is reduced.

[0034] The present invention has relevant safety protection (the equipment is provided with a safety grating and a safety fence, the safety fence isolates the human and the machine to ensure the safety of the personnel, and the equipment stops suddenly if the safety grating is blocked during the operation of the equipment), and the production process is safer.

[0035] The invention adopts a fully automatic welding process with a high degree of automation, and can realize one-key start to automatically complete clamping, gun cleaning, and welding (manual loading and unloading are required); the welded products have good consistency, and the overall sensory quality of the products is improved under the premise of meeting the product technical requirements; the equipment is equipped with a "laser position finder" to realize the ability of one-time programming and no longer adjusting the welding program in the later period. The component deviation can be calculated by detection before welding, and automatically corrected during welding; the assembly welding tool has a detection function, and has the functions of preventing wrong installation and leaking installation, which can avoid the occurrence of human errors; the equipment has good welding quality, can achieve full penetration welding without root cleaning, reduces the amount of grinding work, improves the production working environment, and reduces the amount of auxiliary materials; the equipment is suitable for assembly line operation, and has double stations to meet the work of picking up and installing parts at another station while one station is welding, which can greatly improve production efficiency and improve personnel utilization; it is equipped with laser cleaning equipment, which fundamentally solves the problem of damage to operators caused by grinding dust; the equipment can be strictly implemented in accordance with the process requirements, with a high degree of process execution, and product quality can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a single coupler seat profile welding: (a) flow chart; (b) cross-sectional view of a single coupler seat profile;

[0037] Figure 2 Two pieces of single coupler seat profiles are welded together to form a coupler seat component: (a) flow chart; (b) cross-sectional view;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of welding pad: (a) flow chart; (b) enlarged schematic diagram of pad extending out of coupler seat component; (c)-(e) various views of welding pad; (f) pad is fixed to coupler seat component by spot welding;

[0039] Figure 4 The coupling seat components are welded with the upper and lower cover plates: (a) flow chart; (b) cross-sectional view;

[0040] Figure 5 The welding of the reinforcing rib plate on the coupler mounting seat: (a) flow chart; (b) enlarged schematic diagram of the welding position of the reinforcing rib plate;

[0041] Figure 6 It is the assembly welding of the coupler beam: (a) flow chart; (b) cross-sectional view;

[0042] Figure 7 It is the assembly welding process of the coupler beam and the coupler mounting seat;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the tooling equipment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of positioner: (a) Schematic diagram of positioner for the second welding station; (b) Schematic diagram of positioner for the first welding station;

[0045] Fig.10 This is the welding tool for the coupler seat component: (a) The position of the welding tool for the coupler seat component; (b) The L-shaped double-axis positioner suitable for the tool; (c) Schematic diagram of the best welding angle of the welding tool for the coupler seat component; (d) Side view of the tool; (e) Top view of the tool; (f) Stereoscopic view of the tool;

[0046] Fig.11 is a rib plate welding tool: (a) the position of the rib plate welding tool; (b) a single-axis positioner suitable for the tool;

[0047] Fig.12 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the welding tooling for the stiffener plate;

[0048] Fig.13 This is a diagram of the welding tooling for reinforcing ribs: (a) First, complete the assembly and welding of the two inner ribs; (b) Complete the assembly and welding of the two outer ribs; (c) The spacing between the two ribs on the same side; (d) The weld between the rib and the coupler seat needs to be repaired in time;

[0049] Fig.14 It is a rib plate welding tool;

[0050] Fig.15 It is the inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism;

[0051] Fig.16 It is the outer rib plate assembly welding mechanism;

[0052] Fig.17 It is a welding tool for the coupler mounting seat and the coupler crossbeam (left and right);

[0053] Among them, 1- front seat of the coupler, 2- rear seat of the coupler, 3- weld area, 4- V-shaped groove butt weld, 5- single coupler seat profile, 6- welding area of ​​two profiles, 7- welding pad, 8- coupler seat component, 9- lower cover plate, 10- upper cover plate, 11- stiffening rib plate, 11a- middle stiffening rib plate, 11b- external stiffening rib plate, 12- stiffening rib plate welding position, 13- web plate, 14- lower T-beam, 15- upper T-beam, 16- left piece of coupler crossbeam, 17- right piece of coupler crossbeam, 18- coupler mounting seat, 19- welding robot, 20- cleaning and preheating robot, 21- first welding station, 22- second welding station;

[0054] 23-coupler seat component welding tooling, 231-left coupler seat positioning mechanism, 232-right coupler seat positioning mechanism, 233-first upper cover plate clamping cylinder, 234-second upper cover plate clamping cylinder, 235-third upper cover plate clamping cylinder, 236-fourth upper cover plate clamping cylinder, 237-first lower cover plate clamping cylinder, 238-second lower cover plate clamping cylinder, 239-lower cover plate limit block, 2310-center positioning pin, 2311-left coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder combination, 2312-left sliding guide rail, 2313-left sliding cylinder;

[0055] 24-rib plate welding tooling, 241-coupler seat component positioning and clamping combined cylinder, 242-side pushing cylinder, 243-inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, 244-sliding pushing cylinder, 245-inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism, 246-outer rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, 247-outer rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism;

[0056] 25-coupler mounting seat and coupler crossbeam (left and right) welding tooling, 251-upper clamping cylinder assembly, 252-lower clamping cylinder assembly, 253-left end clamping cylinder, 254-right end clamping cylinder 254. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0058] This subway aluminum alloy traction and slow car hook mounting seat adopts a diversified welding production process, which is realized by using a special welding machine, a fully automatic welding robot and multiple high-precision welding tooling.

[0059] 1-1 Welding machine

[0060] Gantry automatic welding equipment is used to weld a single hook profile and two single hook profiles to form a hook seat component. Long straight profiles (the original process profile length is 600mm, and the current process profile length is 2500m) are used for welding and sawing (cutting the long straight profile into several sections for subsequent use) for product assembly welding. The change in profile length here is beneficial to the increase in efficiency because it saves assembly time and improves production efficiency when the welding time is the same. At the same time, the welding of the integral profile is beneficial to the control of welding deformation. The straightness and distortion of the integral profile welding can be controlled within 1mm, so the change in profile length promotes the control of component size and the improvement of production efficiency.

[0061] Specifically, the welding machine mainly completes Figure 1 to Figure 2 welding process.

[0062] Other, Figure 3 The backing plate is installed by manual assembly.

[0063] 1-2 welding workstations

[0064] The welding workstation integrates welding robot manipulator, positioner, and other related auxiliary equipment (gun cleaning system, flame preheating system, laser cleaning system). The welding workstation has pre-welding detection function, automatic gun cleaning function, automatic clamping and material detection function, automatic pre-welding and inter-layer cleaning function, automatic flame preheating function, positioner linkage function, wire breakage monitoring function, and welding counting function.

[0065] The welding robot 19 is responsible for welding operations. Before welding, it will use a laser positioning device to scan the workpiece to determine the workpiece position, calculate the assembly deviation and automatically correct the welding trajectory;

[0066] The cleaning and preheating robot 20 is responsible for pre-welding and inter-layer cleaning work and replacing the flame preheating equipment to realize the automatic flame preheating function;

[0067] The above two robots can work together to maximize the utilization rate of the robots.

[0068] The first welding station 21 is used for welding the backing plate 7 and the coupling seat component 8;

[0069] The second welding station 22 realizes the assembly welding of the four reinforcing ribs 11 of the coupler mounting seat and the assembly welding of the coupler cross beam and the coupler mounting seat 18 by replacing different welding tools.

[0070] The first welding station 21 and the second welding station 22 are both fully automated stations.

[0071] 1-3 High precision welding tooling:

[0072] 1-3-1 Coupler seat component welding tool 23: The welding tool is located on the first welding station 21, such as Fig.10 As shown, the tooling mainly completes the following Figure 4 The upper and lower cover plates shown are welded together.

[0073] The tooling is installed on the L-shaped double-axis positioner, which can realize the welding of welds in narrow spaces and the best position to ensure welding quality and beautiful welds. The L-shaped double-axis positioner can make the tooling rotate in the vertical direction and in the parallel direction. Fig.10 (b) as shown.

[0074] The best welding position of the coupler seat welding fixture 23 is when the welding area is 45° with the horizontal plane. Fig.10 (c) as shown.

[0075] Regarding the coupling seat component welding tool 23, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 (d) to Fig.10 As shown in (f), the coupler seat component welding tool 23 is symmetrically arranged, which includes a base plate, two coupler seat positioning mechanisms, a plurality of upper cover plate clamping cylinders, a plurality of lower cover plate clamping cylinders, a lower cover plate limit block 239, a center positioning pin 2310, two coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder assemblies, a sliding guide rail and a sliding cylinder. Among them, the base plate is arranged at the bottom of the entire tooling, and the base plate is connected to the L-shaped double-axis positioner; a center positioning pin 2310 is provided at the center of the base plate, and a sliding guide rail is provided on the base plate and on the vertical line of the symmetry axis of the tooling, and a coupler seat positioning mechanism is provided on the sliding guide rail, and the coupler seat positioning mechanism is pushed by the sliding cylinder to move on the sliding guide rail, and the coupler seat positioning mechanism is located on both sides of the coupler seat component 8; there are 4 upper cover plate clamping cylinders, which are symmetrically distributed around the upper cover plate 10; there are two coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder combinations, which are used to position and clamp the profile of the coupler seat component 8; the lower cover plate clamping cylinder and the lower cover plate limit block 239 are located above the entire tooling, which are used to limit and fix the lower cover plate.

[0076] This tooling is entirely clamped by cylinders and is associated with the equipment PLC with the ability to clamp automatically in batches. This technology can complete the positioning and welding functions in one clamping (in the past, positioning was performed first, then the workpiece was removed from the positioning tooling and then welded, but now positioning and welding can be completed on the same tooling), which can ensure accurate positioning without restricting welding, while saving a lot of time and improving production efficiency.

[0077] The tooling can realize the precise assembly of different types of coupler seat components 8 and meet the full-automatic welding production of different types of coupler seat components 8, and the tooling has universality.

[0078] Workflow of tooling: ① First, place the various components of the coupler mounting seat (coupler seat component 8 assembled with welding pad 7, upper cover plate 10, lower cover plate 9) on the corresponding positions of the tooling; ② Through the equipment program setting, the automatic cylinder is pressed to realize the positioning and fixation of various components; ③ When the workpieces are connected by welding (welding a small section of weld seam for connection), the left and right coupler seat positioning mechanisms are pushed by the sliding cylinder to move on the sliding guide rail, thereby leaving the workpiece and realizing the opening of the workpiece welding area. This function can meet the assembly accuracy of various components and realize unobstructed welding.

[0079] 1-3-2 Welding fixture for four reinforcing ribs of the coupler seat component: The rib welding fixture 24 is installed on the second welding station 22, such as Fig.11 (a). This tool is used to complete Figure 5 The welding of the reinforcing rib plate 11 is shown.

[0080] The tool is installed on a single-axis positioner to weld the reinforcing rib plate 11 in a flat welding position. The single-axis positioner can only perform the following operations: Fig.11 (b) Rotate in the direction shown and in the opposite direction shown. By turning over the single-axis positioner, the best welding state is achieved when the tooling is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, such as Fig.12 shown.

[0081] The tooling is a self-contained assembly line, which can improve production efficiency. The reinforcing ribs 11 of the coupler mounting seat need to be polished, so the welding of the four reinforcing ribs 11 must be divided into steps, first two middle reinforcing ribs 11a and then two outer reinforcing ribs 11b, and after the two middle reinforcing ribs 11a are welded and polished, the two outer reinforcing ribs 11b are welded.

[0082] Specifically, the assembly line process is as follows: ① Install the corresponding components in the two assembly areas, Fig.12The left assembly area is for assembling and welding the two middle reinforcing rib plates, and the right is for assembling and welding the outer reinforcing rib plates; ② First complete the welding of the middle reinforcing rib plate 11a, and then complete the welding of the outer reinforcing rib plate 11b; ③ After the welding of the middle reinforcing rib plate 11a is completed, the component can be removed and the weld can be manually ground, while the equipment welds the outer reinforcing rib plate 11b; ④ Repeat steps ① to ③ to form a flow operation.

[0083] Since the welding of the reinforcing rib plate 11 has a sequence, the rib plate welding tool 24 adopts a dual mechanism mode, such as Fig.14 As shown, the rib plate welding tool 24 includes an inner rib plate welding mechanism and an outer rib plate welding mechanism.

[0084] like Fig.15 As shown, the inner rib plate welding mechanism includes a coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder 241, a side pushing cylinder 242, an inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder 243, a sliding pushing cylinder 244, and an inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism 245, wherein the coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder 241 and the side pushing cylinder 242 are used to fix the coupler seat component 8, the inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder 243 is used to clamp the inner rib plate, the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism 245 is located on the tooling and can move on the sliding guide rail, the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism 245 is provided with the above-mentioned inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder 243, and the sliding pushing cylinder 244 is used to push the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism 245 to move along the sliding guide rail.

[0085] Working process of the inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism: ① The coupler mounting seat workpiece is positioned and fixed on the tooling through the coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder 241 and the side pushing cylinder 242; ② The rib plate is pre-clamped by the inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder 243, and the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism 245 is pushed by the pushing cylinder (sliding cylinder 244) of the sliding mechanism to assemble the inner rib plate to the coupler mounting seat component. After connecting by welding (welding a small section of weld for connection), the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism 245 is moved on the sliding guide rail by the push of the sliding cylinder 244, thereby leaving the workpiece and opening the workpiece welding area. This function can meet the assembly accuracy of each component and realize unobstructed welding.

[0086] The working process of the outer rib plate welding mechanism is the same as that of the inner rib plate welding mechanism. Fig.16 shown.

[0087] 1-3-3 Welding fixture 25 for coupler mounting seat and coupler cross beam (left and right): The welding fixture is installed on the second welding station 22, such as Fig.17 As shown, it is mainly used to complete Figure 7 Welding of the assembly.

[0088] By flipping the single-axis positioner, the tooling can be in a horizontal state, which is the best state for welding.

[0089] like Fig.17 As shown, the coupler mounting seat and coupler cross beam (left and right) welding tool 25 includes an upper clamping cylinder assembly 251, a lower clamping cylinder assembly 252, a left end clamping cylinder 253 and a right end clamping cylinder 254.

[0090] The operation process of this tool is as follows: ① First, place the coupler crossbeam components and the coupler mounting seat components in the corresponding positions on the assembly welding tool. The equipment automatically starts the cylinders (upper clamping cylinder combination 251, lower clamping cylinder combination 252 and left and right end clamping cylinders) through program control to position and clamp each workpiece; ② Automatic welding.

[0091] 1-4 Equipment workflow: ① Manually place the parts or components on the corresponding position of the tooling and start the equipment by pressing the button; ② After the equipment is started, the parts or components are first pressed by the cylinder, and then the welding robot 19 carries a laser positioning device to check the position of the parts or components and calculate the deviation (the deviation will be automatically corrected in the subsequent welding process); ③ After the position detection of the parts or components before welding is completed, the cleaning and preheating robot 20 carries a laser cleaning device (to clean the surface oxide layer of the aluminum alloy) to comprehensively clean the welding area of ​​the parts or components; ④ After the cleaning is completed, the cleaning and preheating robot 20 replaces the laser cleaning device with a quick-change device The equipment is replaced with a flame preheating device, and the flame preheating device is used to preheat the parts or components as a whole. After preheating, the equipment will use an infrared thermometer to measure the preheating temperature. The welding command will be executed only when the process requirements are met. If the preheating temperature does not meet the standard, the preheating procedure will continue until the preheating temperature meets the requirements; ⑤ Since the coupler component is welded with thick plates, there is an interlayer cleaning process. After each weld is completed, the cleaning and preheating robot 20 will carry a laser cleaning device to perform interlayer cleaning on the welded welds; ⑥ Since it is a dual-station mode device, the two robots can work together at the same station or work simultaneously in different stations.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The assembly equipment of the traction pillow and slow car hook installation seat is characterized by: The equipment includes a robot, a positioner, a welding tool for a coupler seat component, a rib plate welding tool, and a welding tool for a coupler mounting seat and a coupler crossbeam; the welding tool for a coupler seat component is used for installing the upper and lower cover plates and the coupler seat component, and includes a base plate, a coupler seat positioning mechanism, an upper cover plate clamping cylinder, a lower cover plate clamping cylinder, a lower cover plate limit block, a center positioning pin, a coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder combination, a sliding guide rail and a sliding cylinder. The base plate is arranged at the bottom of the tool, and a center positioning pin is arranged at the center of the base plate. A sliding guide rail is provided on the vertical line of the symmetry axis of the tooling, and a coupler seat positioning mechanism is provided on the sliding guide rail. The coupler seat positioning mechanism is pushed by a sliding cylinder to move on the sliding guide rail, and the coupler seat positioning mechanism is located on both sides of the coupler seat component; the upper cover plate clamping cylinders are symmetrically distributed around the upper cover plate; the coupler seat profile positioning and clamping cylinder combination is used for positioning and clamping the profile of the coupler seat component; the lower cover plate clamping cylinder and the lower cover plate limit block are located above the entire tooling, and are used for limiting and fixing the lower cover plate.

2. The traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly tooling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rib plate welding tool adopts a dual-mechanism mode, including an inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism and an outer rib plate assembly welding mechanism. The inner rib plate assembly welding mechanism includes a coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder, a side pushing cylinder, an inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, a sliding pushing cylinder, and an inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism. The coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder and the side pushing cylinder are used to fix the coupler seat component, the inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder is used to clamp the inner rib plate, the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism is located on the tool and can move on the sliding guide rail, the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism is provided with the inner rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, and the sliding pushing cylinder is used to push the inner rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism to move along the sliding guide rail; The outer rib plate welding mechanism includes a coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder, a side pushing cylinder, an outer rib plate assembly positioning cylinder, a sliding pushing cylinder, and an outer rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism. The coupler seat component positioning and clamping combination cylinder and the side pushing cylinder are used to fix the coupler seat component. The outer rib plate assembly positioning cylinder is used to clamp the outer rib plate. The outer rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism is located on this tooling and can move on the sliding guide rail. The outer rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism is provided with the above-mentioned outer rib plate assembly positioning cylinder. The sliding pushing cylinder is used to push the outer rib plate assembly positioning sliding mechanism to move along the sliding guide rail.

3. The tooling equipment for the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The welding tooling of the coupler mounting seat and the coupler cross beam comprises an upper clamping cylinder assembly, a lower clamping cylinder assembly, and left and right end clamping cylinders, which are used for clamping and fixing in all directions.

4. The tooling equipment for the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioner includes a single-axis positioner and an L-shaped double-axis positioner. The coupler seat component welding tooling is arranged on the L-shaped double-axis positioner, which can realize rotation in the vertical horizontal plane direction and rotation in the parallel horizontal plane direction; the rib plate welding tooling, the coupler mounting seat and the coupler crossbeam welding tooling are arranged on the single-axis positioner.

5. The tooling equipment for the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tooling equipment comprises a first welding station and a second welding station, the first welding station is provided with the L-shaped double-axis positioner, and the second welding station is provided with the single-axis positioner; The robots include a welding robot and a cleaning and preheating robot. The two robots can work together at the same workstation or work simultaneously at different workstations.

6. The tooling equipment for the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tooling equipment also includes a gantry-type automatic welding machine.

7. The diversified welding process of the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly tooling equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized in that: The process is implemented by using a special welding machine, a robot, a positioner and a high-precision welding tool. The high-precision welding tool includes a coupler seat component welding tool, a rib plate welding tool, and a coupler mounting seat and coupler crossbeam welding tool. The coupler seat component welding tool completes the assembly welding of the coupler seat component and the upper and lower cover plates; the rib plate welding tool completes the assembly welding of the reinforcing rib plate; the coupler mounting seat and coupler crossbeam welding tool completes the welding of the coupler crossbeam and the coupler mounting seat assembly.

8. The diversified welding process using the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly tooling equipment as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: The assembly welding of the coupler seat component and the upper and lower cover plates is completed on an L-shaped double-axis positioner: first, the coupler seat component, the upper cover plate, and the lower cover plate welded with the pad are placed at the corresponding positions of the coupler seat component welding tooling; the coupler seat component, the upper cover plate, and the lower cover plate are pressed by the cylinders to achieve positioning and fixation; when a small section of weld is welded between the coupler seat component, the upper cover plate, and the lower cover plate to connect them, the coupler seat positioning mechanism is pushed by the sliding cylinder to move on the sliding guide rail to open the welding area, so that subsequent welding work can be completed.

9. The diversified welding process using the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly tooling equipment as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The assembly welding of the reinforcing rib plates is completed on a single-axis positioner, and the reinforcing rib plates are welded in a flat welding position: first, the middle reinforcing rib plates are welded on the inner rib plate welding mechanism, and then the weld seam of the middle reinforcing rib plates after the above welding is polished, and finally, the parts that have been welded and polished on the inner rib plates are placed on the outer rib plate welding mechanism to complete the welding of the outer reinforcing rib plates.

10. The diversified welding process using the traction and deceleration hook installation seat assembly tooling equipment as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The welding of the coupler cross beam and the coupler mounting seat assembly is completed on a single-axis positioner and is welded in a horizontal state.

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