Optical device, imaging device, zoom driving method and lens center moving method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of optical device technology, and solves the problem that the impedance value of the impedance film in the existing low-voltage driven variable focus lens technology is unstable, resulting in the inability of the liquid crystal lens to accurately adjust the focal length, and provides an optical device, an imaging device, a zoom driving method, and a lens center moving method. The lens includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in sequence along the light transmission direction. The first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer structure is the same as the first electrode layer. The shape of the light-through hole formed by each electrode in the light transmission direction is a parallelogram. The present invention not only solves the problem that the impedance value of the existing liquid crystal lens impedance film is unstable, resulting in the inability to accurately adjust the focal length, but also realizes new functions such as lens center movement, cylindrical lens and prism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical devices, and in particular relates to an optical device, an imaging device, a zoom driving method and a lens center moving method. Background Art

[0002] Liquid crystal lens is an optical device that changes the focal length by controlling the driving voltage to change the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. Liquid crystal molecules have dielectric anisotropy and birefringence effects. In an external electric field, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecule director changes with the electric field, and the effective refractive index in the corresponding direction will also change. Liquid crystal lenses use this property to achieve the convergence and divergence functions of traditional glass lenses. Compared with traditional lenses, liquid crystal lenses have the advantages of small size and adjustable focal length. At present, the aperture of general liquid crystal lenses is relatively small, which limits the application of liquid crystal lenses in the field of imaging.

[0003] In order to obtain a liquid crystal lens with a large aperture and good imaging effect, relevant researchers have done a lot of work. Japanese scientist S. Sato first proposed the concept of liquid crystal lens in the 1970s and prepared the first electrically controlled liquid crystal lens in 1979. He then improved it and proposed a circular hole electrode structure. Naumov, AF and others proposed a modal liquid crystal lens (MLCL) structure in 1998, which is similar to the circular hole liquid crystal lens structure. The difference is that a high impedance film layer is added to the circular hole ITO electrode to adjust the electric field distribution to obtain a liquid crystal lens with a larger aperture and better optical quality. The focal length of the lens can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude or frequency of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal lens. In 2002, Ye (JJAP 41 (2002) L571) and others proposed to use a dielectric to isolate the open hole electrode from the liquid crystal layer, thereby realizing a liquid crystal lens with a larger aperture. However, this structure brings the problem of increased driving voltage. In order to reduce the driving voltage, Ye et al. (JJAP49(2010)100204) proposed to set a high impedance film between the hole electrode and the liquid crystal layer to adjust the spatial distribution of the electric field, thus successfully realizing low-voltage driving of the liquid crystal lens. However, the instability problem of the high impedance film layer has not been solved, mainly reflected in: the main high impedance film layer materials are metal oxides and conductive organic polymers. With the changes in the later process conditions or environment, their electrical properties change, which in turn affects the imaging effect of the liquid crystal lens; secondly, the performance of the high impedance film layer changes with time and environmental conditions, and the electrical properties change, which makes the stability of the liquid crystal lens worse.

[0004] In order to solve the problem of instability of high impedance film layer in liquid crystal zoom lens structure, the invention patent (publication number: CN109031811A) discloses a liquid crystal optical device with variable focal length and phase delay, such as Figure 1As shown, the technical solution deposits the high impedance film layer in the opening area of ​​the third plane electrode, so that the entire high impedance film layer is wrapped by the insulating layer, the first orientation layer and the third plane electrode, thereby preventing its oxidation state from changing, thereby improving the chemical stability of the high impedance film layer. At the same time, when the device is working, a first voltage V1 is applied between the third plane electrode and the second plane electrode, and a second voltage V2 is applied between the first plane electrode and the second plane electrode. Since the high impedance film layer has a stable electric field distribution in the horizontal and vertical directions, that is, the high impedance film layer has a stable boundary value, the stability of the liquid crystal optical device when it is in the working state is guaranteed. However, due to the limitation of the production process, it is difficult to produce an impedance film with a specified impedance value, so the cost of preparing the liquid crystal optical device in the technical solution is relatively high; at the same time, even if the high impedance film has a stable boundary value, its impedance value will still change over time during use; however, the change in the impedance value of the high impedance film will lead to uncertainty in focal length adjustment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an optical device, an imaging device, a zoom driving method and a lens center moving method to solve the problem in the prior art that the impedance value of the impedance film is unstable, resulting in the inability of the liquid crystal lens to accurately adjust the focal length.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical device, comprising a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer, which are sequentially arranged along a light transmission direction.

[0008] The first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, and the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the shape of the light-through hole formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode in the light-through direction is a parallelogram.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, the optical device is an elliptical lens, and the AC voltages obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode satisfy:

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, V4, are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, the optical device is a cylindrical lens, and the AC voltages obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode satisfy:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Wherein, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, V4, are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, the optical device is a prism, and the frequencies of the alternating voltages obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are equal.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, the light-through hole is in a rectangular shape.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, the rectangle is a square.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, a first protective layer is further provided between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is further provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the above optical device, a first substrate is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first alignment layer along the light passing direction, and a second substrate is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second alignment layer along the light passing direction.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned optical device, along the light-transmitting direction, the projection of one end of the first electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate, and the projection of one end of the second electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate; the projection of one end of the third electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate, and the projection of one end of the fourth electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an imaging device, comprising any one of the above-mentioned optical devices.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a zoom driving method for an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of the above optical devices, and the zoom driving method comprises the following steps:

[0026] Applying an AC voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the amplitudes of the AC voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are V1, V2, V3 and V4 respectively, and the liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state;

[0027] The amplitudes of the AC voltages applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are switched to nV1, nV2, nV3 and nV4 respectively, and the liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state, wherein n is a positive number.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the zoom driving method of the above optical device, a first protective layer is further provided between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is further provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the zoom driving method of the above optical device, a first substrate is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first alignment layer along the light passing direction, and a second substrate is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second alignment layer along the light passing direction.

[0030] As a preferred solution of the zoom driving method of the above-mentioned optical device, along the light-transmitting direction, the projection of one end of the first electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate, and the projection of one end of the second electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate; the projection of one end of the third electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate, and the projection of one end of the fourth electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a zoom driving method for an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of the above optical devices, and the zoom driving method comprises the following steps:

[0032] Apply an alternating voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the initial phases of the alternating voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively and in The liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state;

[0033] The initial phases of the AC voltage applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode are both The liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state.

[0034] As a preferred solution of the zoom driving method of the above optical device, a first protective layer is further provided between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is further provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the zoom driving method of the above optical device, a first substrate is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first alignment layer along the light passing direction, and a second substrate is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second alignment layer along the light passing direction.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the zoom driving method of the above-mentioned optical device, along the light-transmitting direction, the projection of one end of the first electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate, and the projection of one end of the second electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate; the projection of one end of the third electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate, and the projection of one end of the fourth electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate.

[0037] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for moving the center of a lens of an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of the above optical devices, and the method for moving the center of a lens of an optical device comprises the following steps:

[0038] An alternating voltage is applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the lens center of the optical device is located at a first position, and the coordinates of the lens center of the optical device are:

[0039]

[0040] Change V1, V2, V3, V4, and / or The lens center of the optical device is located at a second position;

[0041] Wherein, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, V4, are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

[0042] As a preferred solution of the lens center moving method of the above optical device, a first protective layer is further provided between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is further provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer.

[0043] As a preferred solution of the lens center moving method of the above optical device, a first substrate is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first alignment layer along the light passing direction, and a second substrate is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second alignment layer along the light passing direction.

[0044] As a preferred solution of the lens center moving method of the above-mentioned optical device, along the light-transmitting direction, the projection of one end of the first electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate, and the projection of one end of the second electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the first substrate; the projection of one end of the third electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate, and the projection of one end of the fourth electrode along the light-transmitting direction extends to the outside of the second substrate.

[0045] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0046] 1. The spatial distribution of the electric field in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device of the present invention has nothing to do with the resistance of the impedance film, but is only related to the uniformity of the resistance of the impedance mode; and the uniformity of the resistance of the impedance mode is easier to ensure during the production process, and the uniformity of the resistance of the impedance mode is less affected by the time effect. Therefore, the optical device of the present invention is easier to ensure the stability of the voltage distribution, thereby ensuring that the optical device can be stably focused;

[0047] 2. The light aperture of the optical device in the present invention is a parallelogram, which enables the liquid crystal molecule director to achieve a Gaussian phase distribution within a larger aperture range, thereby increasing the light aperture of the optical device while ensuring that the optical device has a zoom effect;

[0048] 3. The light-through hole of the optical device in the present invention is a parallelogram, which has a larger duty cycle than the circular light-through hole of the traditional optical device, and thus can achieve a higher light energy utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a working principle diagram of a liquid crystal lens in the prior art;

[0050] Figure 2is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of

[0052] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0053] Figure 5 It is a projection diagram of each electrode of the optical device along the light transmission direction in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 90°.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 80°.

[0056] Figure 8 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 60°.

[0057] Fig. 9 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 45°.

[0058] Fig.10 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 20°.

[0059] Fig.11 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 10°.

[0060] Fig.12 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 5°.

[0061] Fig.13 This is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the angle α of the quadrilateral light-through hole in the simulated optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention is 0°.

[0062] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.15 for Fig.14A top view of

[0064] Fig.16 for Fig.14 Sectional view at CC;

[0065] Fig.17 is a projection diagram of each electrode of the optical device along the light transmission direction in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.18 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.19 for Fig.18 A top view of

[0068] Fig. 20 for Fig.18 Sectional view at the middle BB;

[0069] Fig.21 is a projection diagram of each electrode of the optical device along the light transmission direction in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0070] Fig. 22 It is a projection diagram of each electrode of the optical device along the light transmission direction in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0071] Fig.23 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0072] Fig.24 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0073] Fig.25 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0074] Fig.26 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0075] Fig. 27 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 7 of the present invention;

[0076] Fig.28 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 8 of the present invention;

[0077] Fig.29 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer of an optical device in Example 9 of the present invention;

[0078] Fig.30 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer of an optical device in Example 10 of the present invention;

[0079] Fig.31is a relationship diagram between the phase drift amount ψ and the x-coordinate in Example 11 of the present invention;

[0080] Fig.32 is a relationship diagram between the optical power and the initial phase angle of the voltage on the second electrode and the fourth electrode in Example 11 of the present invention;

[0081] Fig.33 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 12 of the present invention;

[0082] Fig.34 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 13 of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.35 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 14 of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.36 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 15 of the present invention;

[0085] Fig.37 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 16 of the present invention;

[0086] Fig.38 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 17 of the present invention;

[0087] Fig.39 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 18 of the present invention;

[0088] Fig.40 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 19 of the present invention;

[0089] Fig.41 The interference fringe pattern collected by the optical device in Example 20 of the present invention;

[0090] Fig.42 The interference fringe pattern collected by the optical device in Example 21 of the present invention;

[0091] Fig.43 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 22 of the present invention;

[0092] Fig.44 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 23 of the present invention;

[0093] Fig.45 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 24 of the present invention;

[0094] Fig.46In the embodiment 23 and the embodiment 24 of the present invention, V rms A plot of the value versus the x-coordinate;

[0095] Fig.47 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 25 of the present invention;

[0096] Fig.48 The interference fringe pattern collected by the optical device in Example 26 of the present invention;

[0097] Fig.49 The interference fringe pattern collected by the optical device in Example 27 of the present invention;

[0098] Fig.50 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 28 of the present invention;

[0099] Fig.51 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 29 of the present invention;

[0100] Fig.52 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 30 of the present invention;

[0101] Fig.53 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 31 of the present invention;

[0102] Fig.54 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 32 of the present invention;

[0103] Fig.55 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 33 of the present invention;

[0104] Fig.56 V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Embodiment 32 and Embodiment 33 of the present invention rms A plot of value versus x-coordinate.

[0105] Description of reference numerals:

[0106] 101a, third substrate; 101b, fourth substrate; 102a, first planar electrode; 102b, second planar electrode; 103, third planar electrode; 104, insulating layer; 105a, first orientation layer; 105b, second orientation layer; 106, first liquid crystal layer; 107, impedance film layer; 201, first substrate; 202, second substrate; 211a, first electrode; 211b, second electrode; 211c, first impedance film; 212a, third electrode; 212b, fourth electrode; 212c, second impedance film; 221, first alignment layer; 222, second alignment layer; 231, liquid crystal layer; 203, first protective layer; 204, second protective layer; 205, light-through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0107] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and Examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only configured to explain the present invention and are not configured to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.

[0108] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0109] Implementation 1:

[0110] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an optical device, comprising a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second substrate arranged in sequence along a light transmission direction. The first substrate and the second substrate are made of transparent glass materials. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are made of organic polymer materials, and may also be polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resin, or polyimide, and the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the second alignment layer.

[0111] The first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film disposed between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, and the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the second impedance film. The materials of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are Al, Pt or Cr. The first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode form a parallelogram light hole in the light transmission direction, and the diagonal angle of the parallelogram is α.

[0112] The zoom working principle of the optical device in Implementation 1 is:

[0113] Since the arrangement of the liquid crystal directors can be electrically controlled, they present different refractive index gradient distributions in a non-uniform electric field; therefore, applying a voltage with a certain gradient distribution can induce the liquid crystal directors to be non-uniformly distributed, causing the outgoing light propagating through the liquid crystal layer to produce a Gaussian phase distribution, and the wavefront of the incident plane wave is bent into a converging or diverging spherical wave, thereby presenting the zoom function of the optical device (lens) (the optical device in implementation mode 1 is an optical lens).

[0114] Apply an AC voltage to each electrode Where V is the voltage amplitude, t is the voltage instantaneous time, f is the voltage frequency, is the initial phase of the voltage. It can be a square wave voltage, a sine wave voltage, a triangle wave voltage or a voltage of any waveform. Since any periodic function can be represented by an infinite series of sine functions, for the convenience of derivation, the voltage is taken as a sine signal, that is, a sine voltage is applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode respectively. in:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Among them, V1, f1, are the amplitude, frequency, and initial phase of the voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2, f2, are the amplitude, frequency, and initial phase of the voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3, f3, are the amplitude, frequency, and initial phase of the voltage obtained on the third electrode, V4, f4, The amplitude, frequency and initial phase of the voltage obtained on the fourth electrode are respectively.

[0120] Assume that the potential applied to the first substrate (second substrate) is linearly distributed from the first electrode (third electrode) to the second electrode (fourth electrode), such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is L1, and the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode is L2. Figure 5 The 0 point is the origin of the coordinate system, the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode is the y-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the y-axis is the x-axis to establish a coordinate system, then the potential distribution V up and the potential distribution of the lower substrate V down for:

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] The potential difference U formed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate is:

[0124] U=V up -V down (1-7)

[0125] Then the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal during the T time period is:

[0126]

[0127] That is, the effective voltage applied in the liquid crystal layer and the voltage amplitude (V1, V2, V3, V4), frequency and Phase Related, that is:

[0128]

[0129] It can be seen from the above formula that the spatial distribution of the electric field of the liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 has nothing to do with the resistance value of the impedance film, so even if the resistance value of the impedance film changes, it will not affect the spatial distribution of the electric field of the liquid crystal layer.

[0130] At the same time, the optical device in this embodiment can drive the optical device to zoom by changing at least one of the amplitude, frequency or phase of each AC voltage. In addition, the optical device in this embodiment can make the liquid crystal molecule director realize Gaussian phase distribution within a larger aperture range, while ensuring that the optical device has a zoom effect, and at the same time increasing the optical aperture of the optical device.

[0131] All the above formulas are obtained by assuming that the electric potential on the substrate is linearly distributed (that is, the resistance of the impedance mode is uniform). The final formula (1-8) also shows that the spatial distribution of the electric field in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device (lens) of the present invention has nothing to do with the resistance of the impedance film, but is only related to the uniformity of the resistance of the impedance mode; and the resistance uniformity of the impedance mode is easier to ensure during the production process, and the resistance uniformity of the impedance mode is less affected by the time effect. Therefore, the optical device of the present invention is easier to ensure the stability of the voltage distribution, thereby ensuring that the optical device can focus stably.

[0132] The optical device in Embodiment 1 is set to have L1=5 mm, L2=5 mm, and voltage is applied to each electrode of the optical device so that each electrode is in a first voltage state, that is, V1=V2=V3=V4=4 V, f1=f2=1 kHz, f3=f4=2 kHz, According to formula (1-8), Matlab can be used to calculate the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer when α is 90°, and then the distribution diagram of equipotential lines can be drawn. The built-in rotation function imrotate3() in Matlab is used to simulate the distribution of effective voltage when α is at different angles. Specifically, the potential distribution Vup of the upper substrate is selected as the rotation target, and the time axis of the three-dimensional data Vup is used as the rotation axis. The custom rotation angle is used to simulate the distribution of Vup when α is at different angles, and then they are respectively substituted into formula (1-8) to obtain the effective voltage distribution and equipotential line distribution in the liquid crystal layer.

[0133] When the angles α of the quadrilateral aperture in the optical device are simulated by the above method and are 90°, 80°, 45°, 30°, 20°, 10°, 5°, and 0° respectively, the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer is as follows: Figures 6 to 13 As shown (angle α is 90°, which means that on a plane perpendicular to the passing direction, the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode is perpendicular to the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode; a decrease in angle α means that the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode is rotated counterclockwise relative to the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode, the first substrate and the first alignment layer also rotate simultaneously, and the angle α is complementary to the angle of counterclockwise rotation; angle α is 0°, which means that on a plane perpendicular to the passing direction, the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode is parallel to the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode).

[0134] from Figures 6 to 13 It can be seen that when the angle α is between 0° and 90°, a voltage is applied to each electrode of the optical device, and an axisymmetric inhomogeneous electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device, thereby causing the director vectors of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to be axisymmetrically inhomogeneously oriented, and the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal layer presents a refractive index distribution like an optical lens.

[0135] Example 1: Figures 14 to 16As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second substrate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the rubbing directions of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are antiparallel. The projections of the first substrate, the first electrode layer, the first alignment layer, the liquid crystal layer, the second alignment layer, the second electrode layer, and the second substrate along the light transmission direction are squares of the same size.

[0136] The first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a first impedance film, and a second electrode. The cross section of the first impedance film in the horizontal direction is a square. The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first impedance film, and the left side of the first impedance film is connected to the first electrode, and the right side of the first impedance film is connected to the second electrode. The second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a second impedance film, and a fourth electrode. The third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the second impedance film, and the left side of the second impedance film is connected to the third electrode, and the right side of the first impedance film is connected to the fourth electrode.

[0137] like Fig.17 As shown, the projections of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode along the light transmission direction (the light transmission direction is the direction perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal layer) form a square (ie, the angle α of the parallelogram is 90°).

[0138] Example 2: Figures 18 to 20 As shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer and a second substrate, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the rubbing directions of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are reversely parallel.

[0139] The first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a first impedance film, and a second electrode. The cross section of the first impedance film in the horizontal direction is a square. The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first impedance film, and the left side of the first impedance film is connected to the first electrode, and the right side of the first impedance film is connected to the second electrode. The second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a second impedance film, and a fourth electrode. The third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the second impedance film, and the left side of the second impedance film is connected to the third electrode, and the right side of the first impedance film is connected to the fourth electrode.

[0140] The projections of the first substrate, the first electrode layer, the first alignment layer, the second alignment layer, the second electrode layer and the second substrate along the light-transmitting direction are rectangles of the same size, and the projection of the liquid crystal layer along the light-transmitting direction is a square. The length directions of the first electrode layer, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are arranged along the left and right, and the length directions of the second alignment layer, the second electrode layer and the second substrate are arranged along the front and back, so that in the light-transmitting direction, the projections of the left end of the first electrode and the right end of the second electrode extend to the outside of the projection of the second substrate, and the projections of the front end of the third electrode and the rear end of the fourth electrode extend to the outside of the projection of the first substrate. After such arrangement, compared with Example 1, in Example 2, the extended end of each electrode will be used as a wiring terminal to facilitate the connection of the wire to the electrode.

[0141] like Fig.21 As shown, the projections of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode along the light transmission direction (the light transmission direction is the direction perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal layer) form a square (that is, the angle α of the parallelogram is 90°). The voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively.

[0142] In order to simulate the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in Example 2, equations (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are simplified to f1=f2,f3=f4,and f1≠f3,that is,the voltage frequency applied to the upper substrate is the same,the voltage frequency applied to the lower substrate is the same,and the voltage frequency between the upper and lower substrates is different,the voltage phase difference between the upper and lower substrates is and Then formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are simplified to:

[0143] F A (V1,t,f1,0)=V1sin(2πf1t) (1-10)

[0144]

[0145] F C (V3,t,f3,0)=V3sin(2πf3t) (1-12)

[0146]

[0147] by Fig.21 The 0 point is the origin of the coordinate system, the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode is the y-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the y-axis is the x-axis to establish a coordinate system, then the potential distribution V up and the potential distribution of the lower substrate V down for:

[0148]

[0149]

[0150]

[0151] make

[0152]

[0153] Where M is the period T of the U function or an integer multiple of the period T.

[0154] Let f1M and f3M be integers, then:

[0155]

[0156] Will Substituting into (1-18), we get:

[0157]

[0158] make

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] Then formula (1-19) is:

[0162]

[0163] According to the above formula, it can be divided into the following two situations:

[0164] (1) When When N=0,±1,±2,±3...and V1=V2,V3=V4, then At this time, the voltage is independent of the coordinate value, and the voltage distribution at any position within the coordinate axis is the same. The optical device (lens) in Example 2 is a variable phase retarder.

[0165] (2) When and When N=0,±1,±2,±3...m1=m2≠0, formula (1-22) can be formulated as:

[0166]

[0167] It can be seen that the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer is an elliptical distribution, and the center position is That is, the center position of the circle is:

[0168]

[0169] The center of the equipotential line is the lens center of the optical device.

[0170] Example 3: Example 3 of the present invention prepares a physical optical device (physical optical lens) according to the structure of the optical device in Example 2 for testing. Figures 18 to 20 As shown, the structural parameters of the physical optical device are shown in Table 1. The light transmission area of ​​the physical optical device is 5mm×5mm, the distance between electrode V1 and electrode V2 and between electrode V3 and electrode V4 are both 5mm, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 80μm, and the birefringence difference of the liquid crystal material used is △n=0.259.

[0171] parameter Numeric describe D 5mm*5mm Light transmission area d 80μm Liquid crystal layer thickness <![CDATA[R HR ]]> <![CDATA[10 6 Oh / □]]> Impedance film surface resistance <![CDATA[ε ∥ ]]> 10.6 The dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecule parallel to the long axis of the molecule <![CDATA[ε ⊥ ]]> 3.7 The dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecule in the direction perpendicular to the long axis of the molecule △n 0.295 Liquid crystal birefringence difference <![CDATA[n O ]]> 1.525 Liquid crystal o light refractive index <![CDATA[n e ]]> 1.820 Liquid crystal e-light refractive index

[0172] Table 1

[0173] Embodiment 4:

[0174] like Fig. 22 As shown, embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an optical device. The optical device in embodiment 4 is improved on the basis of the structure of the optical device in embodiment 2. Specifically, the projections of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode along the light-transmitting direction are enclosed into a rectangle, that is, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the optical device in embodiment 4 is L1, which is greater than the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode is L2.

[0175] The remaining working principles of Example 4 are the same as those of Example 2.

[0176] Implementation 2:

[0177] like Fig.23 As shown, embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an optical device. The optical device in embodiment 2 is improved on the basis of the structure of the optical device in embodiment 1, specifically: the first substrate and the second substrate are eliminated, and a first protective layer is provided between the first impedance film and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is provided between the second impedance film and the second alignment layer. The thickness of the first protective layer and the second protective layer is 1 micron, and the insulating layer plays a role in protecting the impedance film and the electrode, and at the same time makes the surface where the electrode, the impedance film and the alignment layer meet flat.

[0178] The rest of the working principle of implementation mode 2 is the same as that of implementation mode 1.

[0179] Implementation 3:

[0180] like Fig.24As shown, Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides an optical device. The optical device in Embodiment 3 is improved on the basis of the structure of the optical device in Embodiment 1, specifically: a first protective layer is provided between the first impedance film and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is provided between the second impedance film and the second alignment layer. The first protective layer and the second protective layer are provided in this way to protect the liquid crystal layer inside the optical device (optical lens). In this way, the first protective layer and the second protective layer can protect the liquid crystal layer inside the optical device on the basis of Embodiment 2.

[0181] The remaining working principles of implementation mode 3 are the same as those of implementation mode 1.

[0182] Implementation 4:

[0183] Embodiment 4 of the present invention is an imaging device, which includes any one of the optical devices in various embodiments and examples.

[0184] Implementation 5:

[0185] Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a zoom driving method for an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of the above optical devices, and the zoom driving method comprises the following steps:

[0186] S1, applying an AC voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the amplitudes of the AC voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are V1, V2, V3 and V4 respectively, and the liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state;

[0187] S2. The amplitudes of the AC voltages applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are switched to nV1, nV2, nV3 and nV4 respectively, and the liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state, wherein n is a positive number.

[0188] Embodiment 5:

[0189] Embodiment 5 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=6V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.25 shown.

[0190] Embodiment 6:

[0191] Embodiment 6 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=8V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.26 shown.

[0192] The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer of the optical device changes with the effective voltage on the liquid crystal layer. Fig.25 , Fig.26 It can be seen from formula (1-23) that, when the voltage amplitudes of the optical device of the present invention are kept the same, the voltage amplitudes are adjusted to be proportionally enlarged, thereby reducing the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines (i.e., the equipotential lines are denser), thereby changing the focal length of the optical device (optical lens) and achieving the electric control focusing of the optical device (optical lens). Similarly, when the voltage amplitudes of the optical device are kept the same, the voltage amplitudes can also be adjusted to be proportionally reduced, thereby expanding the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines (i.e., the equipotential lines are sparser), thereby changing the focal length of the optical device.

[0193] Implementation 6:

[0194] Embodiment 6 of the present invention provides a zoom driving method for an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of embodiments 1 to 5, and the zoom driving method comprises the following steps:

[0195] S1, applying an AC voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the initial phases of the AC voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively and in The liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state;

[0196] S2, switch the initial phase of the AC voltage applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode to The liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state.

[0197] Embodiment 7:

[0198] Embodiment 7 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=4V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig. 27 shown.

[0199] Embodiment 8:

[0200] Embodiment 8 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=4V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.28 shown.

[0201] Embodiment 9:

[0202] Embodiment 9 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=4V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.29 shown.

[0203] Embodiment 10:

[0204] Embodiment 10 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=4V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.30 shown.

[0205] The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer of the optical device changes with the effective voltage on the liquid crystal layer. Figures 27 to 30 It can be seen from formula (1-23) that, in the optical device of the present invention, when the initial phase angle of the voltage on the first electrode and the third electrode is 0° and the initial phase angle of the voltage on the second electrode and the fourth electrode remains the same, by reducing the initial phase angle of the voltage on the second electrode and the fourth electrode, the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines is enlarged (i.e., the equipotential lines are sparser), the electric field strength is changed, and the optical focal length of the optical device is changed, thereby achieving electronically controlled focusing of the optical device. Similarly, the optical focal length of the optical device can also be changed by increasing the initial phase angle of the voltage on the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and reducing the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines (i.e., the equipotential lines are denser).

[0206] Embodiment 11:

[0207] Embodiment 11 of the present invention uses the physical optical device in Embodiment 3 to conduct experiments. The voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the physical optical device in Embodiment 3, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: V1=V2=V3=V4=2.5V, f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, Take separately When the values ​​are 96°, 128°, and 152° respectively, the test results of the relationship between the phase drift ψ and the coordinate x of the physical optical device within a diameter range of 5 mm are measured as follows: Fig.31 As shown. When the quadratic curve is used to fit the experimental measurement value, the fitting curve obtained is ψ=-1.33302x 2 +6.44362x+0.43098; when When the quadratic curve is used to fit the experimental measurement value, the fitting curve ψ=-3.09024x 2+14.66995x+0.23841; when When the quadratic curve is used to fit the experimental measurement value, the fitting curve obtained is ψ=-5.91129x 2 +28.43714x-1.55301.

[0208] The results show that the experimental value of the phase shift center position is shifted to one side due to the uneven thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the experimental results are consistent with the simulation results of electrically controlling the focusing of the optical device by adjusting the phase on each electrode of the optical device in Examples 7 to 10.

[0209] at the same time, Fig.32 is the phase relationship between the optical power of the physical optical device and the driving voltage The relationship diagram of the linear function is used to fit the actual data. Fig.32 It can be seen that the driving voltage phase In the range of 88° to 140°, the optical power varies with the driving voltage phase. The focal power changes from 0.52 (1 / m) to 3.2 (1 / m) and the fitting curve is obtained by fitting the experimental measured values ​​with a quadratic curve. The optical power changes almost linearly with the voltage phase. The results also show that the optical device of the present invention has the function of electrically controlled focusing.

[0210] Implementation 7:

[0211] Embodiment 7 of the present invention provides a method for moving the center of a lens of an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of the above optical devices, and the method for moving the center of a lens of an optical device comprises the following steps:

[0212] S1, applying an AC voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, and the lens center of the optical device is located at a first position;

[0213] S2. Changing the voltage amplitude on the first electrode and / or the third electrode, the lens center of the optical device is located at a second position.

[0214] Embodiment 12:

[0215] Embodiment 12 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=V3=V4=4V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle (the center of the circle is the center of the lens) is located at (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.33 shown.

[0216] Embodiment 13:

[0217] Embodiment 13 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V4=1V,V2=V3=4V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (1mm, 4mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure. Fig.34 shown.

[0218] Embodiment 14:

[0219] Embodiment 14 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=2V,V2=4V,V3=V4=3V,According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 3mm,5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure Fig.35 shown.

[0220] Embodiment 15:

[0221] Embodiment 15 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=3V,V3=4V,V4=2V. According to formula (1-23), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape, and the center of the circle is at (5 / 2mm,10 / 3mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.36 shown.

[0222] from Figure 33 to Figure 36 It can be seen from formula (1-23) that when the voltage phase difference of the optical device of the present invention on the same substrate is a fixed value (that is, the frequency and phase of each voltage remain unchanged), the center position of the equipotential lines (that is, the position of the lens center of the optical device) can be controlled by adjusting the amplitude of each voltage.

[0223] Examples 12 to 15 prove that the method for moving the center of the lens of the optical device in Embodiment 7 can be implemented, so the method for moving the center of the lens of the optical device in Embodiment 7 can be applied to optical tweezers technology. In 1986, Arthur Ashkin used the three-dimensional optical potential trap of gradient force generated by a single beam of strongly focused laser to capture tiny particles based on the mechanical effect of laser, marking the birth of optical tweezers technology. This technology can manipulate living matter without contact and damage, and has become one of the important research tools in the field of biology. At the same time, optical tweezers technology can realize the manipulation of tiny particles and the measurement of tiny forces, etc., and is also widely used in the fields of physics or chemistry.

[0224] The method for moving the lens center of the optical device in Implementation 7 can be applied in optical tweezers technology, specifically: controlling light (laser) to pass through the center of the optical device in the present invention to capture particles, changing the lens center of the optical device by the method in Implementation 7, thereby controlling the movement of light (laser) as the lens center moves, thereby moving the captured particles.

[0225] Implementation 8:

[0226] Embodiment 8 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in sequence along a light transmission direction, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode, and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, and the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the shape of the light transmission hole formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode in the light transmission direction is a parallelogram, and the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode satisfies:

[0227]

[0228]

[0229]

[0230] Wherein, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, V4, are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

[0231] From equation (1-22), it can be obtained that when m1≠m2 and m1≠0, m2≠0, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are elliptical distribution, and the center position of the ellipse is That is, the center position is:

[0232]

[0233] The ratio of the major and minor semi-axes of the ellipse is:

[0234]

[0235] Among them, a is the semi-axis length in the x-axis direction, and b is the semi-axis length in the y-axis direction.

[0236] It can be seen from formula (1-26) that by changing the amplitude and phase of the driving voltage, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device can be distributed in an elliptical shape with different ellipticities.

[0237] Embodiment 16:

[0238] Embodiment 16 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=5V,V3=V4=10V,According to formula (1-22), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are elliptical distribution, and the center of the circle is (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). According to formula (1-26), the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes is 2. The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure Fig.37 shown.

[0239] Embodiment 17:

[0240] Embodiment 17 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=10V,V3=V4=5V,According to formula (1-22), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are elliptical distribution, and the center of the circle is (5 / 2mm, 5 / 2mm). According to formula (1-26), the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes is 1 / 2. The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below: Fig.38 shown.

[0241] Embodiment 18:

[0242] Embodiment 18 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=1V,V2=2V,V3=V4=4V,According to formula (1-22), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are elliptical distribution, and the center of the circle is (10 / 3mm,5 / 2mm). According to formula (1-26), the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes is 8 / 3. The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below: Fig.39 shown.

[0243] Embodiment 19:

[0244] Embodiment 19 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=4V,V3=2V,V4=1V,According to formula (1-22), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are elliptical distribution, and the center of the circle is (5 / 2mm,10 / 3mm). According to formula (1-26), the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes is 3 / 8. The liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure. Fig.40 shown.

[0245] from Figures 37 to 40 It can be seen from formula (1-26) that when the voltage frequencies at the same substrate end of the optical device in the present invention are the same f1=f2, f3=f4, and the frequencies between different substrates are different f1≠f3, and m1≠m2, m1≠0, m2≠0, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer are distributed in an elliptically shape.

[0246] Compare Fig.37 and Fig.39 , Fig.38 and Fig.40 It can be seen that when the voltage phase difference on the same substrate of the optical device is a fixed value (that is, the phase of each voltage is fixed), the center position of the voltage distribution can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of each voltage; at the same time, the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes of the ellipse can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of each voltage.

[0247] Embodiment 20:

[0248] Embodiment 20 of the present invention uses the physical optical device in Embodiment 3 to conduct experiments. The voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the physical optical device in Embodiment 3, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=5V,V3=V4=10V, the interference fringe pattern of the physical optical device under this condition is collected as follows Fig.41 As shown, the interference ring in the interference fringe diagram is elliptical, and the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes of the ellipse is approximately 2.

[0249] Embodiment 21:

[0250] Embodiment 21 of the present invention uses the physical optical device in Embodiment 3 to conduct experiments. The voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the physical optical device in Embodiment 3, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=10V,V3=V4=5V, the interference fringe pattern of the physical optical device under this condition is collected as follows Fig.42 As shown, the interference ring in the interference fringe diagram is elliptical, and the ratio of the major and minor semi-axes of the ellipse is approximately 1 / 2.

[0251] Compare Fig.37 and Fig.41 , Fig.38 and Fig.42 It can be seen that the experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results. Therefore, the optical device in Embodiment 8 of the present invention is an elliptical lens, which has the function of an elliptical lens. However, there are certain differences between the experimental results and the simulation results. This is mainly because the simulation results do not consider the electrical anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules to simulate the distribution of the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer. The uniformity of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer also has a certain influence on the voltage distribution. At the same time, from Fig.41 and Fig.42 It can be seen that the impedance film layer directly below the physical optical device is scratched, affecting the shape of the voltage distribution of the optical device.

[0252] Implementation 9:

[0253] Embodiment 9 of the present invention provides a column optical device, which includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in sequence along a light transmission direction, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode, and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, and the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the shape of the light transmission hole formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode in the light transmission direction is a parallelogram, and the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode satisfies:

[0254]

[0255]

[0256] Wherein, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3, are the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, V4, are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

[0257] From formula (1-22), when m1≠0, m2=0, we can get:

[0258]

[0259] At this time, the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is paraboloidally distributed, and the rotational symmetry axis of the parabola is located at Place.

[0260] From formula (1-22), when m1≠0, m2=0, we can get:

[0261]

[0262] At this time, the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is paraboloidally distributed, and the rotational symmetry axis of the parabola is located at Place.

[0263] Embodiment 22:

[0264] Embodiment 22 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, When V1=V2=2V, V3=V4=4V, according to formula (1-20), m1=0 at this time; according to formula (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is parabolically distributed, and the rotational symmetry axis of the parabola is located at (x,5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.43 As shown. From formula (1-28), it can be seen that V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time rms The value is independent of the y coordinate. The V corresponding to each x coordinate is calculated by formula (1-28) rms Value, each V rms The relationship between the value and the x-coordinate is as follows Fig.46 shown.

[0265] Embodiment 23:

[0266] Embodiment 23 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, When V1=V2=2V, V3=V4=8V, according to formula (1-20), m1=0 at this time; according to formula (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is parabolically distributed, and the rotational symmetry axis of the parabola is located at (x,5 / 2mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.44 As shown. From formula (1-28), it can be seen that V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time rms The value is independent of the y coordinate. The V corresponding to each x coordinate is calculated by formula (1-28) rms Value, each V rms The relationship between the value and the x-coordinate is as follows Fig.46 shown.

[0267] from Fig.46 It can be seen that V rms The values ​​are distributed in a parabolic shape along the x-axis direction. Since the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is determined by the driving voltage, the optical devices in Examples 22 and 23 are also columnar in shape similar to the parabola.

[0268] Embodiment 24:

[0269] Embodiment 24 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, When V1=V2=2V, V3=7V, V4=4V, according to formula (1-20), m1=0 at this time; according to formula (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is parabolically distributed, and the rotational symmetry axis of the parabola is located at (x, 35 / 11mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.45 shown.

[0270] Embodiment 25:

[0271] Embodiment 25 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, When V1=V2=2V, V3=5V, V4=7V, according to formula (1-20), m1=0 at this time; according to formula (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is parabolically distributed, and the rotational symmetry axis of the parabola is located at (x, 25 / 12mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is simulated by formula (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in the figure below. Fig.47 shown.

[0272] from Fig.46 It can be seen that when the voltage value applied to each electrode of the optical device satisfies m1 = 0 and m2 ≠ 0, V rms The value is parabolically distributed with the x coordinate. When the amplitude of the same substrate is the same, the rotation axis of the optical device is located at (x, 5 / 2), and changing the amplitude on one of the substrates can change the optical focal length of the column optical device in the x direction; when the voltage amplitude on one of the substrates is the same and the phase difference is 0, and the amplitude of the other substrate is different and the phase difference is not 0, the rotational symmetry axis of the column distribution is located at (x, -n2 / 2m2), and the rotational symmetry axis of the column distribution changes with the amplitude of the other substrate.

[0273] Similarly, when the voltage values ​​applied to the electrodes of the optical device satisfy m2=0 and m1≠0, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are parabolically distributed along the y direction. When the amplitudes of the same substrates are the same, the rotation axis of the optical device is located at (5 / 2, y), and changing the amplitude on one of the substrates can change the optical focal length of the cylindrical optical device in the y direction.

[0274] Embodiment 26:

[0275] Example 26 of the present invention uses the physical optical device in Example 3 to conduct experiments. The voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the physical optical device in Example 3, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=3V,V3=V4=6V, under this condition, the interference fringes of the physical optical device under 632.8nm red light are collected. The interference fringes are shown in the figure below. Fig.48As shown, the interference fringes are distributed in strips. From the interference fringe diagram, it can be seen that the center position of the lens of the cylindrical optical device is approximately at the lateral symmetric center of the square aperture.

[0276] Embodiment 27:

[0277] Embodiment 27 of the present invention uses the physical optical device in Embodiment 3 to conduct experiments. The voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the physical optical device in Embodiment 3, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=1kHz, f3=f4=2kHz, V1=V2=3V,V3=V4=9V, under this condition, the interference fringes of the physical optical device under 632.8nm red light are collected. The interference fringes are shown in the figure below. Fig.49 As shown, the interference fringes are distributed in strips. From the interference fringe diagram, it can be seen that the center position of the lens of the cylindrical optical device is approximately at the lateral symmetric center of the square aperture.

[0278] Compare Fig.43 and Fig.48 , Fig.44 and Fig.49 It can be seen that the experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results, so the optical device in Embodiment 9 of the present invention is a cylindrical lens, which realizes the function of a cylindrical lens. However, there are certain differences between the experimental results and the simulation results, mainly because the simulation results do not consider the electrical anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules to simulate the distribution of the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer, and at the same time, the uniformity of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer also has a certain influence on the voltage distribution.

[0279] Implementation 10:

[0280] Embodiment 10 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer and a second electrode layer arranged in sequence along a light-transmitting direction, the first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the shape of the light-transmitting hole formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode in the light-transmitting direction is a parallelogram, and the frequencies of the AC voltages obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are equal.

[0281] From equations (1-10), (1-11), (1-12) and (1-13), when f1 = f2 = f3 = f4 = f (i.e. the applied voltages have the same frequency), we can obtain:

[0282] F A (V1,t,f,0)=V1sin(2πft) (1-29)

[0283]

[0284] F C (V3,t,f,0)=V3sin(2πft) (1-31)

[0285]

[0286] The potential distribution of the upper substrate V up and the potential distribution of the lower substrate V down for:

[0287]

[0288]

[0289]

[0290] make but:

[0291]

[0292] In the formula

[0293] Will Substituting into (1-36), we get:

[0294]

[0295] when When , the gradient of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer is:

[0296]

[0297] When the voltage amplitudes applied to both ends of the substrate are the same (V1 = V2, V3 = V4), equation (1-37) is simplified to:

[0298]

[0299] V rms The gradient of change is:

[0300]

[0301] When V1=V2=V3=V4=V, equation (1-37) changes to:

[0302]

[0303] At this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prism-shaped.

[0304] Embodiment 28:

[0305] Embodiment 28 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=f3=f4=1kHz, When V1=V2=V3=V4=4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by equation (1-8). At this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic, such as Fig.50 As shown, the voltage change gradient dy / dx=-1.

[0306] Embodiment 29:

[0307] Embodiment 29 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=f3=f4=1kHz, When V1=V2=2V, V3=V4=4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by equation (1-8). At this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic, such as Fig.51 As shown, the voltage change gradient dy / dx=-1 / 2.

[0308] Embodiment 30:

[0309] Embodiment 30 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in equations (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=f3=f4=1kHz, When V1=V2=V3=V4=4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by equation (1-8). At this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic, such as Fig.52 As shown, the voltage change gradient dy / dx=1.

[0310] Embodiment 31:

[0311] Embodiment 31 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=f3=f4=1kHz, When V1=V2=2V, V3=V4=4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by equation (1-8). At this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic, such as Fig.53 As shown, the voltage change gradient dy / dx=1 / 2.

[0312] from Figure 50 to Figure 53 It can be seen that when the voltage frequencies at the four terminals of the liquid crystal optical device are the same, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prism-shaped, which can make the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules distributed in a prism-like manner; by changing the amplitude of each voltage, the voltage change gradient can be changed, causing the edge direction of the prism to rotate.

[0313] Embodiment 32:

[0314] Embodiment 32 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=f3=f4=1kHz, When V1=V2=3V, V3=V4=6V, according to formula (1-39), the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic. The liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by formula (1-8). The distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is as follows: Fig.54 As shown. Take the y coordinate equal to 2.5 mm, and calculate the V corresponding to each x coordinate in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time by formula (1-39) rms Value, each V rms The relationship between the value and the x-coordinate is as follows Fig.56 shown.

[0315] Embodiment 33:

[0316] Embodiment 33 of the present invention uses the optical device in Embodiment 2 for simulation, and applies voltages in formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in Embodiment 2, respectively. The voltage parameters of each electrode are: f1=f2=f3=f4=1kHz, When V1=V2=4V, V3=V4=8V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by equation (1-8). At this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic, such as Fig.55 As shown. Take the y coordinate equal to 2.5 mm, and calculate the V corresponding to each x coordinate in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time by formula (1-39) rms Value, each V rms The relationship between the value and the x-coordinate is as follows Fig.56 shown.

[0317] from Fig.56 It can be seen that V rms The values ​​are distributed in a zigzag shape along the x-axis direction. Since the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is determined by the driving voltage, the optical devices in Example 32 and Example 33 also have the same prism shape as the zigzag shape.

[0318] from Fig.54 and Fig.55 It can be seen that when the voltage frequencies at the four terminals of the liquid crystal optical device are the same, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prism-shaped, which can make the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules prism-shaped. Therefore, the optical device in embodiment 10 of the present invention is a prism. Figure 54 to Figure 56 It can be seen that when the edge direction (slope) of the optical device (prism) is fixed, the base angle γ of the optical device (prism) can be changed by controlling the proportional expansion of each voltage amplitude and reducing the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines. Fig.56 Here, γ1 is the base angle of the optical device (prism) in Example 32, and γ2 is the base angle of the optical device (prism) in Example 33.

[0319] The above is a detailed introduction to an optical device, an imaging device, a zoom driving method and a lens center moving method of an optical device provided by the present invention. The principle and implementation method of the present invention are described in detail using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification is only the implementation method of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention. It should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical device, comprising a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer and a second electrode layer arranged in sequence along a light transmission direction, characterized in that: The first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film disposed between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the light-through hole formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode in the light-through direction is in the shape of a parallelogram, and the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the second alignment layer; The optical device is an elliptical lens, and the AC voltages obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode satisfy: , , Wherein, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1 and φ1 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2 and φ2 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3 and φ3 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, and V4 and φ4 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode; Alternatively, the optical device is a cylindrical lens, and the AC voltages obtained on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode satisfy: , Among them, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1 and φ1 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2 and φ2 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3 and φ3 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, and V4 and φ4 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

2. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that The light-through hole is in a rectangular shape.

3. The optical device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rectangle is a square.

4. An imaging device, characterized in that: The imaging device comprises the optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A zoom driving method for an optical device, characterized in that: The optical device is the optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the zoom driving method comprises the following steps: Applying an AC voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the amplitudes of the AC voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are V1, V2, V3 and V4 respectively, and the liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state; The amplitudes of the AC voltages applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are switched to nV1, nV2, nV3 and nV4 respectively, and the liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state, wherein n is a positive number.

6. A zoom driving method for an optical device, characterized in that: The optical device is the optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the zoom driving method comprises the following steps: Applying an alternating voltage to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the initial phases of the alternating voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are φ1, φ2, φ3 and φ4 respectively, wherein φ1=φ3, φ2=φ4, and the liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state; The initial phases of the AC voltages applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode are switched to φ5, and the liquid crystal layer is in the second zoom state.

7. A method for moving the lens center of an optical device, characterized in that: The optical device is the optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the lens center moving method of the optical device comprises the following steps: An alternating voltage is applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the lens center of the optical device is located at a first position, and the coordinates of the lens center of the optical device are: changing V1, V2, V3, V4, φ1, φ2, φ3 and / or φ4, the lens center of the optical device is located at a second position; Among them, L1 is the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, L2 is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V1 and φ1 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the first electrode, V2 and φ2 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the second electrode, V3 and φ3 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the third electrode, and V4 and φ4 are respectively the amplitude and initial phase of the AC voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

Images