A titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature torsion preforming device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high-temperature torsion preforming device and method, comprising: a hot forming machine, a tenon clamping fixture, a torsion fixture and a deformation limiting mold; the upper and lower working platforms of the hot forming machine are composed of a heating layer, a heat-resistant ceramic layer and a water-cooling layer, the tenon clamping fixture is used to clamp the tenon of the blade blank, fixed in the hot forming machine, and the torsion fixture is used to clamp the blade body of the blade; the rotating axis of the torsion fixture is parallel to the table of the upper and lower working platforms of the hot forming machine; the deformation limiting mold is installed on the deformation limiting mold fixing plate, and the deformation limiting mold fixing plate is connected to the lower lifting platform through a lower push rod. The present invention is suitable for high-temperature torsion forming of blades with different torsion angles and external dimensions, and can ensure that the twisted blades are accurately assembled in the subsequent finishing forming mold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of precision plastic forming of blades, and specifically refers to a device and method for high-temperature torsion preforming of titanium alloy hollow blades with variable cross-sections. Background Art

[0002] High-performance aircraft engines are an important foundation for the development of modern aviation industry. Wide-chord hollow fan blades can effectively improve the performance of aircraft engines and achieve high thrust-to-weight ratio, high thrust and low fuel consumption. Its precision forming technology is one of the key technologies in the field of aircraft engine manufacturing. Since the wide-chord hollow fan blades of aircraft engines have complex spatial curved surface shapes and hollow structures inside, they are difficult to form. Neither mechanical processing nor additive manufacturing methods can achieve their precise manufacturing. Combined with mechanical processing, the diffusion connection-high-temperature torsion-high-temperature stamping-high-temperature inflation plastic forming process route is adopted to effectively and accurately form hollow blades with complex structures. Since hollow blades often have a large torsion angle, the hollow blade blanks cannot be directly assembled in the high-temperature stamping die for stamping. The high-temperature torsion process can obtain a transitional shape blade blank with a certain torsion angle, so that the blade can be installed in the die for subsequent stamping. During the high-temperature torsion process, since there is no mold restriction on the deformation of the material in other parts of the blade except the torsion clamping part, over-deformation and insufficient local deformation are prone to occur. On the one hand, excessive deformation will cause the blade to interfere with the high-temperature stamping die after twisting, making it impossible for the blade to be accurately positioned in the die. On the other hand, it will cause local transitional thinning and insufficient material, which will eventually lead to the scrapping of parts. In order to achieve the twisting preforming of hollow blades, it is necessary to design and manufacture special high-temperature twisting equipment, and accurately control and optimize the relevant process parameters such as the twisting center, angle, speed and temperature. At present, the high-temperature twisting forming methods and equipment for complex-shaped aircraft engine hollow fan blades mainly adopt the following forms:

[0003] (1) Clamp the blade tenon and push the blade into the open cavity of the torsion profile mold for push-bending. The Chinese invention patent application number is CN201310508213.0, entitled "A hollow blade push-bending forming process", which proposes a high-temperature push-bending forming process and a push-bending forming mold. The blade tenon is clamped to push the blade into the mold cavity so that it is forced to bend and twist. However, in this process, the deformation of the blade that has not entered the mold is uncontrolled, and the resistance encountered by the blade during the forward push-bending process is large, so the blade is easily compressed and unstable, resulting in failure to form.

[0004] (2) Clamp the tenon end and the tip of the blade with a clamp, fix the tenon end, and rotate the tip of the blade to drive the blade body to deform and achieve twisting. The Chinese invention patent application number is CN201510600373.7, entitled "A blade twisting test device", which discloses that the method of clamping the two ends of the blade can achieve accurate small-angle twisting of the blade at high temperature. It is suitable for laboratory blade performance twisting test, but cannot be applied to the twisting forming production application of hollow blades with large twist angles. The Chinese invention patent application number is CN201410809328.8, entitled "A twisting furnace for blade forming", which discloses that the two-end clamping method can be used to perform high-temperature twisting of the blade at a large angle in a vacuum furnace. The two-end clamping method can achieve accurate high-temperature twisting forming of the blade clamping part, but the middle part of the blade has no clamp to limit deformation during the twisting process. Under the deformation of the two ends, it is very easy to cause insufficient local deformation and over-deformation, which leads to the inability of the blade to be accurately positioned in the high-temperature stamping forming die after twisting, and over-deformation can cause insufficient local material and inability to form.

[0005] (3) Based on the discrete forming method, multiple sets of fixtures are used to perform twist forming on multiple sections or multiple lattice areas of the blade. The Chinese invention patent application number is CN201510122613.7, entitled "Hollow Blade Multi-Section Synchronous Twist Forming Method", which discloses that the push rod type twisting device can achieve precise control of the torsional deformation of different sections of the blade in multiple sections. The Chinese invention patent application number is CN201710895074.X, entitled "A Hollow Blade Multi-Point Synchronous Hot Twist Forming Device and Forming Method", which discloses that the blade torsion area is discretized into a lattice space, and the lattice punch device can achieve simultaneous twisting of multiple areas of the blade. However, the multi-section or multi-point forming method requires the control of multiple driving devices to work in coordination, and each twisting device designs the loading process according to the deformation of its corresponding area, without considering the coordinated deformation of adjacent areas. In the twisting process, each device is prone to interfere with each other, resulting in local deformation defects, and ultimately the blade cannot be formed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a titanium alloy hollow blade variable-section high-temperature torsion preforming device and method, so as to solve the problems of deformation defects such as torsional over-deformation caused by the high-temperature torsion forming method of hollow blades in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high-temperature torsion preforming device of the present invention comprises: a hot forming machine tool, a tenon clamping fixture, a torsion fixture and a deformation limiting die;

[0009] The upper and lower working platforms of the hot forming machine tool are composed of a heating layer, a heat-resistant ceramic layer and a water-cooling layer. Electric heating rods are arranged in the heating layer for heating, and the water-cooling layer is arranged with a cooling water channel for water cooling; the upper working table is composed of an upper heating layer, an upper heat-resistant ceramic layer and an upper water-cooling layer. The upper water-cooling layer is connected to an upper hydraulic cylinder, and the upper hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top of the hot forming machine tool support; the lower working table is composed of a lower heating layer, a lower heat-resistant ceramic layer and a lower water-cooling layer. The lower water-cooling layer is fixed on the lower working table column. A lower hydraulic cylinder, a lower lifting platform and a lower push rod are installed at the bottom of the lower working table. The heat insulation layer installed around the hot forming machine tool forms a seal with the upper and lower heating layers. Closed heating space; the surrounding insulation layers are connected to the opening and closing cylinders, and the opening and closing of the insulation layers are realized by the opening and closing cylinders; the left insulation layer, the right insulation layer, the left opening and closing cylinders, and the right opening and closing cylinders are respectively fixed on the support columns of the hot forming machine tool, the front insulation layer and the front opening and closing cylinders are respectively fixed on the front lifting beam, the front lifting beam is connected to the front lifting cylinder, the rear insulation layer and the rear opening and closing cylinders are respectively fixed on the rear lifting beam, and the rear lifting beam is connected to the rear lifting cylinder; the front and rear lifting cylinders are both fixed on the support columns of the hot forming machine tool, driving the front and rear lifting beams and the front and rear opening and closing cylinders to move up and down, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the front and rear insulation layers;

[0010] The tenon clamping fixture is used to clamp the tenon of the blade blank, and is fixed in the hot forming machine, and comprises an upper tenon clamp and a lower tenon clamp, the upper tenon clamp is connected to the upper support frame, and the lower tenon clamp is connected to the lower support frame, and the upper and lower support frames are respectively fixed on the upper and lower heating layers of the hot forming machine;

[0011] The torsion fixture is used to clamp the blade body of the blade. The rotating shaft of the torsion fixture is parallel to the upper and lower working platforms of the thermoforming machine. The input end of the rotating shaft is connected to the torsion stepping motor arranged outside the thermoforming machine. The clamping end of the torsion fixture is placed inside the thermoforming machine. The torsion angular velocity and torsion angle of the torsion fixture are controlled by the controller. The blade is driven by the torsion fixture to realize torsion within the section of the torsion fixture.

[0012] The deformation limiting mold is installed on the deformation limiting mold fixing plate, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate is connected to the lower lifting platform through the lower push rod, the lower lifting platform is connected to the lower hydraulic cylinder, the lower lifting platform is driven by the lower hydraulic cylinder, and then the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold are driven up and down by the lower push rod, so as to suppress or repair the excessive deformation caused by the blade torsion process.

[0013] Furthermore, a rectangular hole is provided on the right insulation layer of the thermoforming machine for installing a corrugated plate with a circular hole, and the torsion fixture passes through the corrugated plate and moves along the length direction of the corrugated plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a water cooling ring is installed on the torsion clamp to prevent heat from being transferred into the torsion stepping motor.

[0015] Furthermore, the torsion stepper motor is fixed on a two-dimensional horizontal workbench, and the two-dimensional horizontal workbench is fixed on a two-dimensional horizontal workbench support. The planar movement of the torsion stepper motor and the torsion fixture is achieved through the movement of the two-dimensional horizontal workbench, thereby performing variable cross-section and variable torsion center torsion on the blade blank.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper working platform includes: an upper heating layer, an upper heat-resistant ceramic layer and an upper water-cooling layer, the upper heating layer is connected to the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer by bolts, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer is connected to the upper water-cooling layer by bolts, and the upper water-cooling layer is connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder by bolts.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower working platform includes: a lower heating layer, a lower heat-resistant ceramic layer and a lower water-cooling layer. The lower heating layer is connected to the lower heat-resistant ceramic layer by bolts, the lower heat-resistant ceramic layer is connected to the lower water-cooling layer by bolts, and the lower water-cooling layer is connected to the lower workbench column by bolts.

[0018] A titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0019] 1) Design the torsion center and torsion angle of the blade;

[0020] 2) Design deformation limiting mold;

[0021] 3) Install the blade blank on the torsion fixture;

[0022] 4) Heating the blade blank;

[0023] 5) Twisting the blade blank;

[0024] 6) Cooling: Cooling water is passed through the upper water cooling layer, the lower water cooling layer and the water cooling ring until the temperature inside the hot forming machine drops below 100°C;

[0025] 7) Remove the twisted blade.

[0026] Furthermore, the step 1) specifically includes: making a blade neutral surface according to the blade product design shape in the 3D modeling software; making a blade tenon bottom plane of the blade product design shape in the 3D modeling software; taking the blade tenon bottom plane as a reference, making equidistant and parallel first bottom support sections, second bottom support sections, third bottom support sections, fourth bottom support sections and fifth bottom support sections, and making parallel and equidistant first torsion sections, second torsion sections, third torsion sections, fourth torsion sections and fifth torsion sections between two adjacent bottom support sections; making intersection lines of the first torsion section, second torsion section, third torsion section, fourth torsion section and fifth torsion section with the blade neutral surface respectively; moving the blade blank and the blade product design shape in the 3D modeling software , so that the center points of the bottom surfaces of the blade tenons coincide, make the center line of the bottom plane of the blade blank tenon, the midpoint of the center line, and the projection line of the intersection line of the fifth torsion section and the neutral plane of the blade in the plane, make auxiliary lines passing through the two end points of the projection line, make auxiliary lines parallel to the auxiliary lines and tangent to the projection line, make auxiliary lines passing through the two end points of the projection line and the center lines of the auxiliary lines parallel to the auxiliary lines and tangent to the projection line, the center line and the intersection point are the torsion center P in the fifth torsion section, and the intersection angle between the center line of the bottom plane of the blade tenon and the center line of the auxiliary lines parallel to the auxiliary lines and tangent to the projection line is the torsion angle α in the fifth torsion section; according to the above method, the torsion center and torsion angle of the first torsion section, the second torsion section, the third torsion section and the fourth torsion section are designed in sequence.

[0027] Furthermore, the step 2) specifically includes: designing a plurality of bottom deformation limiting molds based on the design shape of the blade product and centering on the first bottom support section, the second bottom support section, the third bottom support section, the fourth bottom support section and the fifth bottom support section.

[0028] Furthermore, the step 3) specifically includes: controlling the front opening and closing cylinder, the rear opening and closing cylinder, the left opening and closing cylinder and the right opening and closing cylinder by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer, the rear insulation layer, the left insulation layer and the right insulation layer of the hot forming machine to the open state; controlling the front lifting cylinder and the rear lifting cylinder by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer and the rear insulation layer to the raised state; controlling the upper hydraulic cylinder by hydraulic pressure to drive the upper water cooling layer, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer and the upper heating layer to the raised state; utilizing the T-slots on the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer to fix the upper support frame and the lower support frame to the upper heating layer by screws and pressing plates respectively. The upper heating layer and the lower heating layer are connected; electric heating rods are installed in the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer; the upper tenon fixture is connected to the upper support frame by bolts, and the lower tenon fixture is connected to the lower support frame by bolts; the lower support frame makes the central rotation axis of the torsion fixture and the center line of the bottom plane of the tenon of the blade blank in the same horizontal plane; the torsion fixture passes through the corrugated plate installed on the right insulation layer, and the input end of the rotation axis of the torsion fixture is connected to the rotating shaft of the torsion stepper motor by bolts, and a water cooling ring is installed between the two; the torsion stepper motor is connected to the two-dimensional horizontal workbench by bolts, and the two-dimensional horizontal workbench is fixed to the two-dimensional horizontal workbench by bolts. The workbench support is placed on the workbench support; the two-dimensional horizontal workbench is controlled to move by the controller and the driver to drive the torsion fixture to move to the right side of the insulation layer until it contacts the right insulation layer; the lower hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the hydraulic pressure to drive the lower lifting platform, the lower ejector rod, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move downward until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate contacts the lower heating layer; the blade tenon of the blade blank is installed on the lower tenon fixture, and the upper hydraulic cylinder is activated to drive the upper water cooling layer, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer, the upper heating layer, the upper support frame and the upper tenon fixture to move downward until the upper tenon fixture and the lower tenon fixture are closed to clamp the blade blank. Blade tenon; control the movement of the two-dimensional horizontal workbench through the controller and the driver, drive the torsion clamp to move to the side of the left insulation layer, so that the clamp of the torsion clamp reaches the fifth torsion section of the initial torsion section position, and the central rotation axis of the torsion clamp coincides with the rotation centerline passing through point P and perpendicular to the bottom plane of the blade tenon; control the movement of the front lifting cylinder and the rear lifting cylinder through air pressure to drive the front insulation layer and the rear insulation layer to the descending state; control the movement of the front opening and closing cylinder, the rear opening and closing cylinder, the left opening and closing cylinder and the right opening and closing cylinder through air pressure to drive the front insulation layer, the rear insulation layer, the left insulation layer and the right insulation layer to the closed state.

[0029] Furthermore, the step 4) specifically includes: passing cooling water through the upper water cooling layer, the lower water cooling layer and the water cooling ring; controlling the electric heating rods in the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer to heat according to a set temperature-time curve through a temperature controller; after the temperature of the blade blank reaches the designed torsional deformation temperature, keeping the temperature uniform so that the temperature field inside the blade is uniform.

[0030] Furthermore, the step 5) specifically includes: controlling the torsion stepper motor to drive the torsion fixture to rotate, and completing the torsion of the blade in the fifth torsion section at a uniform angular velocity within 10 minutes, and the torsion angle is α; the torsion stepper motor stops rotating and remains locked, and the torsion fixture remains stationary in the fifth torsion section, and the lower hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically controlled to move upward, driving the lower lifting platform, the lower ejector rod, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move upward until the upper surface of the deformation limiting mold reaches the overlapping position of the blade product design shape, and the blade torsional deformation is corrected; the lower hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically controlled to move downward, driving the lower lifting platform, the lower ejector rod, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move downward, until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate contacts the lower heating layer; controlling the movement of the two-dimensional horizontal workbench through the controller and the driver to drive the torsion fixture to move to the right side of the thermal insulation layer, so that the chuck of the torsion fixture reaches the fourth torsion section, and the torsion fixture is The central rotation axis coincides with the torsion center corresponding to the fourth torsion section, and the torsion fixture is driven to rotate by controlling the torsion stepper motor to complete the torsion of the blade in the fourth torsion section within 10 minutes at a uniform angular velocity, and the torsion angle is the torsion angle in the fourth torsion section obtained in step 1) minus the angle α; the torsion stepper motor stops rotating and remains locked, and the torsion fixture remains stationary in the fourth torsion section. The lower hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically controlled to move upward, driving the lower lifting platform, the lower ejector rod, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move upward until the upper surface of the deformation limiting mold reaches the overlapping position of the blade product design shape, and the blade torsion over-deformation is corrected; the lower hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically controlled to move downward, driving the lower lifting platform, the lower ejector rod, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move downward until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate contacts the lower heating layer; according to the above steps, the blade torsion and over-deformation correction in the remaining torsion sections are completed in sequence.

[0031] Furthermore, the step 7) specifically includes: controlling the front opening and closing cylinder, the rear opening and closing cylinder, the left opening and closing cylinder and the right opening and closing cylinder by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer, the rear insulation layer, the left insulation layer and the right insulation layer of the thermoforming machine to an open state; controlling the front lifting cylinder and the rear lifting cylinder by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer and the rear insulation layer to a raised state; controlling the upper hydraulic cylinder by hydraulic pressure to drive the upper water cooling layer, the upper insulation layer, the upper heating layer, the upper support frame and the upper tenon clamp to move upward to remove the twisted blade.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] The present invention performs high-temperature torsion forming of titanium alloy wide-chord hollow fan blades for aircraft engines, can achieve precise torsion in multiple cross sections through a single torsion chuck, and can effectively solve the problem of excessive deformation caused by blade torsion. It is suitable for high-temperature torsion forming of blades with different torsion angles and external dimensions, and can ensure that the twisted blades are accurately assembled in subsequent finishing molds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the high temperature twist forming device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a side view of the high temperature twist forming device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the high temperature twist forming device of the present invention along line AA;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body of the high-temperature twist forming device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the high temperature torsion fixture and the bottom deformation limiting mold of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 Design appearance perspective drawings for blade blanks and blade products;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the division of the torsion section and the bottom support section;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram for calculating the torsion center and torsion angle of the hollow blade in the plane;

[0042] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the design of the mold to limit the high-temperature torsional deformation of the blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The contents mentioned in the implementation modes are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming device of the present invention comprises: a hot forming machine tool, a tenon clamping fixture, a twisting fixture and a deformation limiting die;

[0045] The upper and lower working platforms of the thermoforming machine tool are composed of a heating layer, a heat-resistant ceramic layer and a water-cooling layer. Electric heating rods are arranged in the heating layer for heating, and a cooling water channel is arranged in the water-cooling layer for water cooling; the upper working table is composed of an upper heating layer 29, an upper heat-resistant ceramic layer 4 and an upper water-cooling layer 30. The upper water-cooling layer 30 is connected to an upper hydraulic cylinder 34, and the upper hydraulic cylinder 34 is fixed on the top of the thermoforming machine tool support 32; the lower working table is composed of a lower heating layer 20, a lower heat-resistant ceramic layer 19 and a lower water-cooling layer 18. The lower water-cooling layer 18 is fixed on the lower working table column 13. A lower hydraulic cylinder 14, a lower lifting platform 16 and a lower push rod 15 are installed at the bottom of the lower working table. The heat insulation layer installed around the thermoforming machine tool forms a seal with the upper and lower heating layers. Closed heating space; the surrounding insulation layers are connected to the opening and closing cylinders, and the opening and closing of the insulation layers are realized by the opening and closing cylinders; the left insulation layer 27, the right insulation layer 11, the left opening and closing cylinder 24, and the right opening and closing cylinder 35 are respectively fixed on the thermoforming machine support column 38, the front insulation layer 1 and the front opening and closing cylinder 2 are respectively fixed on the front lifting beam 3, the front lifting beam 3 is connected to the front lifting cylinder 17, the rear insulation layer 33 and the rear opening and closing cylinder 36 are respectively fixed on the rear lifting beam 31, and the rear lifting beam 31 is connected to the rear lifting cylinder 21; the front and rear lifting cylinders are both fixed on the thermoforming machine support column 38, driving the front and rear lifting beams and the front and rear opening and closing cylinders to move up and down, thereby realizing the lifting of the front and rear insulation layers;

[0046] The tenon clamping fixture is used to clamp the tenon of the blade blank, and is fixed in the hot forming machine, and includes an upper tenon fixture 26 and a lower tenon fixture 25. The upper tenon fixture 26 is connected to the upper support frame 28, and the lower tenon fixture 25 is connected to the lower support frame. The upper and lower support frames are respectively fixed to the upper and lower heating layers of the hot forming machine by bolts and pressing plates;

[0047] The torsion fixture 7 is used to clamp the blade body of the blade. The rotating shaft of the torsion fixture is parallel to the upper and lower working platforms of the thermoforming machine. The input end of the rotating shaft is connected to a torsion stepping motor 8 arranged outside the thermoforming machine. The clamping end of the torsion fixture is placed in the thermoforming machine. The torsion angular velocity and torsion angle of the torsion fixture are controlled by a controller. The blade is driven by the torsion fixture to realize torsion within the cross section of the torsion fixture.

[0048] The deformation limiting mold 12 is installed on the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23, and the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 is connected to the lower lifting platform 16 through the lower push rod 15. The lower lifting platform 16 is connected to the lower hydraulic cylinder 14. The lower lifting platform 16 is driven by the lower hydraulic cylinder 14, and then the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 and the deformation limiting mold 12 are driven up and down through the lower push rod 15 to suppress or repair the excessive deformation caused by the blade twisting process.

[0049] A rectangular hole is provided on the right heat insulation layer 11 of the thermoforming machine for installing a corrugated plate 6 with a circular hole, and a torsion fixture 7 passes through the corrugated plate and moves along the length direction of the corrugated plate.

[0050] Wherein, a water cooling ring 37 is installed on the torsion clamp 7 to prevent heat from being transferred into the torsion stepping motor 8 .

[0051] Among them, the torsion stepper motor 8 is fixed on a two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9, and the two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 is fixed on a two-dimensional horizontal workbench support 10. The two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 is moved to realize the planar movement of the torsion stepper motor 8 and the torsion fixture 7, thereby performing variable cross-section and variable torsion center torsion on the blade blank.

[0052] Among them, the upper working platform includes: an upper heating layer 29, an upper heat-resistant ceramic layer 4 and an upper water-cooling layer 30. The upper heating layer 29 is connected to the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer 4 by bolts, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer 4 is connected to the upper water-cooling layer 30 by bolts, and the upper water-cooling layer 30 is connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder 34 by bolts.

[0053] Wherein, the lower working platform includes: a lower heating layer 20, a lower heat-resistant ceramic layer 19 and a lower water-cooling layer 18. The lower heating layer 20 is connected to the lower heat-resistant ceramic layer 19 by bolts, the lower heat-resistant ceramic layer 19 is connected to the lower water-cooling layer 18 by bolts, and the lower water-cooling layer 18 is connected to the lower workbench column 13 by bolts.

[0054] A titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming method of the present invention is based on the above device, and the steps are as follows:

[0055] 1) Design the torsion center and torsion angle of the blade;

[0056] In the 3D modeling software, the blade neutral surface 40 is made according to the blade product design shape 39. Figure 6 as shown; Figure 7 As shown, a blade tenon bottom plane 51 of the blade product design shape 39 is made in the three-dimensional modeling software; with the blade tenon bottom plane 51 as a reference, a first bottom support section 41, a second bottom support section 42, a third bottom support section 43, a fourth bottom support section 44 and a fifth bottom support section 45 are made equidistant and parallel, and a first torsion section 46, a second torsion section 47, a third torsion section 48, a fourth torsion section 49 and a fifth torsion section 50 are made parallel and equidistant between two adjacent bottom support sections; the intersection lines of the first torsion section 46, the second torsion section 47, the third torsion section 48, the fourth torsion section 49 and the fifth torsion section 50 with the blade neutral plane 340 are made respectively; the blade blank 5 and the blade product design shape 39 are moved in the three-dimensional modeling software so that the center points of the bottom surfaces of the blade tenons coincide with each other, as shown in FIG. Figure 8, draw the center line 52 of the bottom plane of the blade blank tenon, the midpoint 52 of the center line, and the projection line 53 of the intersection line of the fifth torsion section and the neutral plane of the blade on the plane 51, draw an auxiliary line 54 passing through the two end points of the projection line 53, draw an auxiliary line 55 parallel to the auxiliary line 54 and tangent to the projection line 53, draw the center line 56 of the auxiliary line 54 passing through the two end points of the projection line 53 and the auxiliary line 55 parallel to the auxiliary line 54 and tangent to the projection line 53, the center line 52 and the intersection 56 are the torsion center P in the fifth torsion section 50, and the intersection angle of the center line 52 of the bottom plane of the blade tenon and the center line 56 of the auxiliary line 55 parallel to the auxiliary line 54 and tangent to the projection line 53 is the torsion angle α in the fifth torsion section 50; according to the above method, the torsion center and torsion angle of the first torsion section 46, the second torsion section 47, the third torsion section 48 and the fourth torsion section 49 are designed in sequence.

[0057] 2) Design deformation limiting mold;

[0058] According to the blade product design shape 39, a plurality of deformation limiting molds 12 are designed with the first bottom support section 41, the second bottom support section 42, the third bottom support section 43, the fourth bottom support section 44 and the fifth bottom support section 45 as the center, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0059] 3) Install the blade blank on the torsion fixture;

[0060] The front opening and closing cylinder 2, the rear opening and closing cylinder 36, the left opening and closing cylinder 24 and the right opening and closing cylinder 35 are controlled by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer 1, the rear insulation layer 33, the left insulation layer 27 and the right insulation layer 11 of the hot forming machine to the open state; the front lifting cylinder 17 and the rear lifting cylinder 21 are controlled by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer 1 and the rear insulation layer 33 to the raised state; the upper hydraulic cylinder 34 is controlled by hydraulic pressure to drive the upper water cooling layer 30, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer 4 and the upper heating layer 29 to the raised state; the upper support frame 28 and the lower support frame 22 are fixed to the upper heating layer 29 and the lower heating layer 20 by screws and pressing plates respectively. 0; electric heating rods are installed in the upper heating layer 29 and the lower heating layer 20; the upper tenon fixture 26 is connected to the upper support frame 28 by bolts, and the lower tenon fixture 25 is connected to the lower support frame 22 by bolts; the lower support frame 22 makes the central rotation axis of the torsion fixture 7 and the center line 52 of the bottom plane of the blade blank tenon in the same horizontal plane; the torsion fixture 7 passes through the corrugated plate 6 installed on the right insulation layer 11, and the input end of the rotation axis of the torsion fixture 7 is connected to the rotating shaft of the torsion stepper motor 8 by bolts, and a water cooling ring 37 is installed between the two; the torsion stepper motor 8 is connected to the two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 by bolts, and the two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 is fixed to the two-dimensional horizontal workbench support 10 by bolts; The two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 is controlled to move through the controller and the driver, driving the torsion fixture 7 to move to the side of the right insulation layer 11 until it contacts the right insulation layer; the lower hydraulic cylinder 14 is controlled by hydraulic pressure to move, driving the lower lifting platform 16, the lower ejector rod 15, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 and the deformation limiting mold 12 to move downward until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 contacts the lower heating layer 20; the blade tenon of the blade blank 5 is installed on the lower tenon fixture 25, and the upper hydraulic cylinder 34 is actuated to drive the upper water cooling layer 30, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer 4, the upper heating layer 29, the upper support frame 28 and the upper tenon fixture 26 to move downward until the upper tenon fixture 26 and the lower tenon fixture 25 are closed to clamp the blade blank 5. Blade tenon; the two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 is controlled to move through the controller and the driver, driving the torsion clamp 7 to move to the side of the left insulation layer 27, so that the clamp of the torsion clamp 7 reaches the fifth torsion section 50 of the initial torsion section position, and the central rotation axis of the torsion clamp 7 coincides with the rotation centerline passing through point P and perpendicular to the bottom plane 51 of the blade tenon; the front lifting cylinder 17 and the rear lifting cylinder 21 are controlled by air pressure to move, driving the front insulation layer 1 and the rear insulation layer 33 to the descending state; the front opening and closing cylinder 2, the rear opening and closing cylinder 36, the left opening and closing cylinder 24 and the right opening and closing cylinder 35 are controlled by air pressure to move, driving the front insulation layer 1, the rear insulation layer 33, the left insulation layer 27 and the right insulation layer 11 to the closed state.

[0061] 4) Heating the blade blank;

[0062] Cooling water flows through the upper water-cooling layer 30, the lower water-cooling layer 18 and the water-cooling ring 37; the electric heating rods in the upper heating layer 29 and the lower heating layer 20 are controlled by a temperature controller to heat according to a set temperature-time curve; after the temperature of the blade blank reaches the designed torsional deformation temperature, the temperature is kept constant to make the temperature field inside the blade uniform.

[0063] 5) Twisting the blade blank;

[0064] The torsion stepper motor 8 is controlled to drive the torsion fixture 7 to rotate, and the torsion of the blade in the fifth torsion section 50 is completed within 10 minutes at a uniform angular velocity, and the torsion angle is α; the torsion stepper motor 8 stops rotating and remains locked, and the torsion fixture 7 remains stationary in the fifth torsion section 50. The lower hydraulic cylinder 14 is hydraulically controlled to move, and the lower lifting platform 16, the lower ejector rod 15, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 and the deformation limiting mold 12 are driven to move upward until the upper surface of the deformation limiting mold 12 reaches the overlapping position of the blade product design shape 39, and the excessive torsion deformation of the blade is corrected; the lower hydraulic cylinder 14 is hydraulically controlled to move, and the lower lifting platform 16, the lower ejector rod 15, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 and the deformation limiting mold 12 are driven to move downward until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 contacts the lower heating layer 20; the two-dimensional horizontal workbench 9 is controlled to move by the controller and the driver, and the torsion fixture 7 is driven to move to the side of the right thermal insulation layer 11, so that the chuck of the torsion fixture 7 reaches the fourth torsion section 49, and the central rotation axis of the torsion fixture 7 is aligned with the lower heating layer 20. The corresponding torsion centers of the fourth torsion section 49 coincide with each other, and the torsion clamp 7 is driven to rotate by controlling the torsion stepper motor 8, and the torsion of the blade in the fourth torsion section 49 is completed within 10 minutes at a uniform angular velocity, and the torsion angle is the torsion angle in the fourth torsion section 49 obtained in step 1) minus the angle α; the torsion stepper motor 8 stops rotating and remains locked, and the torsion clamp 7 remains stationary in the fourth torsion section 49, and the lower hydraulic cylinder 14 is hydraulically controlled to move, driving the lower lifting platform 16, the lower ejector rod 15, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 and the deformation limiting mold 12 to move upward until the upper surface of the deformation limiting mold 12 reaches the overlapping position of the blade product design shape 38, and the blade torsion over-deformation is corrected; the lower hydraulic cylinder 14 is hydraulically controlled to move, driving the lower lifting platform 16, the lower ejector rod 15, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 and the deformation limiting mold 12 to move downward until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate 23 contacts the lower heating layer 20; according to the above steps, the blade torsion and over-deformation correction in the remaining torsion sections are completed in sequence.

[0065] 6) Cooling: Cooling water is passed through the upper water cooling layer, the lower water cooling layer and the water cooling ring until the temperature inside the hot forming machine drops below 100°C.

[0066] 7) Remove the twisted blade;

[0067] By controlling the front opening and closing cylinder 2, the rear opening and closing cylinder 36, the left opening and closing cylinder 24 and the right opening and closing cylinder 35 through air pressure, the front thermal insulation layer 1, the rear thermal insulation layer 33, the left thermal insulation layer 27 and the right thermal insulation layer 11 of the thermoforming machine are driven to the open state; by controlling the front lifting cylinder 17 and the rear lifting cylinder 21 through air pressure, the front thermal insulation layer 1 and the rear thermal insulation layer 33 are driven to the raised state; by hydraulically controlling the upper hydraulic cylinder 34, the upper water cooling layer 30, the upper thermal insulation layer 4, the upper heating layer 29, the upper support frame 28 and the upper tenon clamp 26 are driven to move upward to take out the twisted blades.

[0068] The present invention has many specific application paths. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming device, characterized in that: include: Thermoforming machines, tenon holding fixtures, torsion fixtures and deformation limiting dies; The upper and lower working platforms of the hot forming machine tool are composed of a heating layer, a heat-resistant ceramic layer and a water-cooling layer. Electric heating rods are arranged in the heating layer for heating, and the water-cooling layer is arranged with a cooling water channel for water cooling; the upper working table is composed of an upper heating layer, an upper heat-resistant ceramic layer and an upper water-cooling layer. The upper water-cooling layer is connected to an upper hydraulic cylinder, and the upper hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top of the hot forming machine tool support; the lower working table is composed of a lower heating layer, a lower heat-resistant ceramic layer and a lower water-cooling layer. The lower water-cooling layer is fixed on the lower working table column. A lower hydraulic cylinder, a lower lifting platform and a lower push rod are installed at the bottom of the lower working table. The heat insulation layer installed around the hot forming machine tool forms a seal with the upper and lower heating layers. Closed heating space; the surrounding insulation layers are connected to the opening and closing cylinders, and the opening and closing of the insulation layers are realized by the opening and closing cylinders; the left insulation layer, the right insulation layer, the left opening and closing cylinders, and the right opening and closing cylinders are respectively fixed on the support columns of the hot forming machine tool, the front insulation layer and the front opening and closing cylinders are respectively fixed on the front lifting beam, the front lifting beam is connected to the front lifting cylinder, the rear insulation layer and the rear opening and closing cylinders are respectively fixed on the rear lifting beam, and the rear lifting beam is connected to the rear lifting cylinder; the front and rear lifting cylinders are both fixed on the support columns of the hot forming machine tool, driving the front and rear lifting beams and the front and rear opening and closing cylinders to move up and down, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the front and rear insulation layers; The tenon clamping fixture is used to clamp the tenon of the blade blank, and is fixed in the hot forming machine, and comprises an upper tenon clamp and a lower tenon clamp, the upper tenon clamp is connected to the upper support frame, and the lower tenon clamp is connected to the lower support frame, and the upper and lower support frames are respectively fixed on the upper and lower heating layers of the hot forming machine; The torsion fixture is used to clamp the blade body of the blade. The rotating shaft of the torsion fixture is parallel to the upper and lower working platforms of the thermoforming machine. The input end of the rotating shaft is connected to the torsion stepping motor arranged outside the thermoforming machine. The clamping end of the torsion fixture is placed inside the thermoforming machine. The torsion angular velocity and torsion angle of the torsion fixture are controlled by the controller. The blade is driven by the torsion fixture to realize torsion within the section of the torsion fixture. The deformation limiting mold is installed on the deformation limiting mold fixing plate, which is connected to the lower lifting platform through the lower ejector rod, and the lower lifting platform is connected to the lower hydraulic cylinder. The lower hydraulic cylinder drives the lower lifting platform, and then drives the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move up and down through the lower ejector rod, so as to suppress or repair the excessive deformation caused by the blade twisting process; A rectangular hole is provided on the right heat insulation layer of the thermoforming machine for mounting a corrugated plate with a circular hole, and a torsion fixture passes through the corrugated plate and moves along the length direction of the corrugated plate; The torsion stepper motor is fixed on a two-dimensional horizontal workbench, and the two-dimensional horizontal workbench is fixed on a two-dimensional horizontal workbench support. The two-dimensional horizontal workbench is moved to realize the planar movement of the torsion stepper motor and the torsion fixture, thereby performing variable cross-section and variable torsion center torsion on the blade blank.

2. The titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper working platform comprises: an upper heating layer, an upper heat-resistant ceramic layer and an upper water-cooling layer. The upper heating layer is connected to the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer by bolts, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer is connected to the upper water-cooling layer by bolts, and the upper water-cooling layer is connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder by bolts.

3. The titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower working platform includes: a lower heating layer, a lower heat-resistant ceramic layer and a lower water-cooling layer. The lower heating layer is connected to the lower heat-resistant ceramic layer by bolts, the lower heat-resistant ceramic layer is connected to the lower water-cooling layer by bolts, and the lower water-cooling layer is connected to the lower working platform column by bolts.

4. A method for high temperature twisting preforming of a titanium alloy hollow blade with a variable cross section, based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Here are the steps: 1) Design the torsion center and torsion angle of the blade; 2) Design deformation limiting mold; 3) Install the blade blank on the torsion fixture; 4) Heating the blade blank; 5) Twisting the blade blank; 6) Cooling: Cooling water is passed through the upper water cooling layer, the lower water cooling layer and the water cooling ring until the temperature inside the hot forming machine drops below 100°C; 7) Remove the twisted blade.

5. The method for high temperature twisting preforming of titanium alloy hollow blades with variable cross-section according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step 1) specifically includes: making a blade neutral surface in a 3D modeling software according to the blade product design shape; making a blade tenon bottom plane of the blade product design shape in the 3D modeling software; taking the blade tenon bottom plane as a reference, making equidistant and parallel first bottom support sections, second bottom support sections, third bottom support sections, fourth bottom support sections and fifth bottom support sections, and making parallel and equidistant first torsion sections, second torsion sections, third torsion sections, fourth torsion sections and fifth torsion sections between two adjacent bottom support sections; making intersection lines of the first torsion section, the second torsion section, the third torsion section, the fourth torsion section and the fifth torsion section with the blade neutral surface respectively; moving the blade blank and the blade product design shape in the 3D modeling software so that The center points of the bottom surfaces of the blade tenons coincide with each other. In the bottom plane of the blade tenons, the center line of the bottom plane of the blade blank tenons, the midpoint of the center line, and the projection line of the intersection line of the fifth torsion section and the neutral plane of the blade are made on the plane. Auxiliary lines passing through the two end points of the projection line are made, and auxiliary lines parallel to the auxiliary lines and tangent to the projection lines are made. The center lines of the auxiliary lines passing through the two end points of the projection line and the center lines of the auxiliary lines parallel to the auxiliary lines and tangent to the projection lines are made. The center line and the intersection point are the torsion center P in the fifth torsion section, and the intersection angle between the center line of the bottom plane of the blade tenons and the center line of the auxiliary lines parallel to the auxiliary lines and tangent to the projection lines is the torsion angle α in the fifth torsion section. According to the above method, the torsion center and torsion angle of the first torsion section, the second torsion section, the third torsion section and the fourth torsion section are designed in sequence.

6. The titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature twisting preforming method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The step 2) specifically includes: designing a plurality of bottom deformation limiting molds based on the design shape of the blade product and centering on the first bottom support section, the second bottom support section, the third bottom support section, the fourth bottom support section and the fifth bottom support section.

7. The titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature torsion preforming method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The step 3) specifically includes: controlling the front opening and closing cylinder, the rear opening and closing cylinder, the left opening and closing cylinder and the right opening and closing cylinder by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer, the rear insulation layer, the left insulation layer and the right insulation layer of the hot forming machine to the open state; controlling the front lifting cylinder and the rear lifting cylinder by air pressure to drive the front insulation layer and the rear insulation layer to the raised state; controlling the upper hydraulic cylinder by hydraulic pressure to drive the upper water cooling layer, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer and the upper heating layer to the raised state; using the T-slots on the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer, respectively fixing the upper support frame and the lower support frame to the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer by screws and pressing plates. On the lower heating layer; electric heating rods are installed in the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer; the upper tenon fixture is connected to the upper support frame by bolts, and the lower tenon fixture is connected to the lower support frame by bolts; the lower support frame makes the central rotation axis of the torsion fixture and the center line of the bottom plane of the blade blank tenon in the same horizontal plane; the torsion fixture passes through the corrugated plate installed on the right insulation layer, and the input end of the rotation axis of the torsion fixture is connected to the rotating shaft of the torsion stepper motor by bolts, and a water cooling ring is installed between the two; the torsion stepper motor is connected to the two-dimensional horizontal workbench by bolts, and the two-dimensional horizontal workbench is fixed to the two-dimensional horizontal workbench by bolts The 2D horizontal worktable is controlled to move by the controller and the driver, driving the torsion fixture to move to the right side of the insulation layer until it contacts the right insulation layer; the lower hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the hydraulic pressure to drive the lower lifting platform, the lower ejector rod, the deformation limiting mold fixing plate and the deformation limiting mold to move downward until the deformation limiting mold fixing plate contacts the lower heating layer; the blade tenon of the blade blank is installed on the lower tenon fixture, and the upper hydraulic cylinder is activated to drive the upper water cooling layer, the upper heat-resistant ceramic layer, the upper heating layer, the upper support frame and the upper tenon fixture to move downward until the upper tenon fixture and the lower tenon fixture are closed to clamp the blade blank. blade tenon; control the movement of the two-dimensional horizontal workbench through the controller and the driver, drive the torsion clamp to move to the side of the left insulation layer, so that the clamp of the torsion clamp reaches the fifth torsion section at the initial torsion section position, and the central rotation axis of the torsion clamp coincides with the rotation centerline passing through point P and perpendicular to the bottom plane of the blade tenon; control the movement of the front lifting cylinder and the rear lifting cylinder through air pressure to drive the front insulation layer and the rear insulation layer to the descending state; control the movement of the front opening and closing cylinder, the rear opening and closing cylinder, the left opening and closing cylinder and the right opening and closing cylinder through air pressure to drive the front insulation layer, the rear insulation layer, the left insulation layer and the right insulation layer to the closed state.

8. The titanium alloy hollow blade variable cross-section high temperature torsion preforming method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step 4) specifically includes: passing cooling water through the upper water cooling layer, the lower water cooling layer and the water cooling ring; controlling the electric heating rods in the upper heating layer and the lower heating layer to heat according to a set temperature-time curve through a temperature controller; and after the temperature of the blade blank reaches the designed torsional deformation temperature, maintaining the temperature to make the temperature field inside the blade uniform.

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