Optical intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine and process based on machine learning

Abstract

The present invention relates to a machine learning-based optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine and process, which includes S1, establishing an irrigation decision based on light, timing and soil moisture; S2, establishing a fertilization decision based on a ratio and EC value; in step S1, executing S1.1, establishing an irrigation decision based on light and dividing it into a crop parameter model control mode and a machine learning parameter control mode; first, establishing a crop parameter model; then, determining a single irrigation duration T, unit, min; secondly, the producer inputs parameters into the water-fertilizer integrated machine according to the planting situation, the parameters including the planted crops, crop rotation, growth period, planting density and / or dripper flow; thirdly, the irrigation coefficient A is pre-fabricated according to the planting according to the previous test results, and the water volume multiple J function is adjusted according to the empirical value; the present invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine and a process based on machine learning. Background Art

[0002] Crop irrigation and fertilization are affected by many factors such as temperature, humidity, and light. Among them, light is one of the key factors affecting crop transpiration and evaporation. After research, the inventor found that light and crop water consumption are linearly related. Light can be used to guide irrigation and achieve precise water and fertilizer regulation. The hardware equipment assembly of the integrated water and fertilizer machine is similar, but the lack of precise irrigation and fertilization master control machine decision-making is not conducive to the promotion and application of precise irrigation and fertilization technology. At present, the aging of agricultural practitioners is serious, and there is an urgent need for agricultural products that are simple and easy to operate with low technical barriers. The operation of the integrated water and fertilizer machine products on the market is relatively complicated, and the use process cannot be mastered in a short time, resulting in the phenomenon of abandonment of the equipment after installation, causing a waste of resources. Based on the above background conditions, the present invention integrates and develops a "light intelligent" integrated water and fertilizer machine based on machine learning. It is simple to operate and easy to master. It prefabricates "light intelligent" precise irrigation and other decisions, realizes machine learning functions, and improves the intelligence and accuracy of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is generally to provide an optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine and process based on machine learning.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A light intelligent water-fertilizer process based on machine learning, including the following processes;

[0006] S1, establish irrigation decisions based on light, timing, and soil moisture;

[0007] S2, establish fertilization decisions based on ratio and EC value;

[0008] In step S1, S1.1 is executed to establish an irrigation decision based on light and is divided into a crop parameter model control mode and a machine learning parameter control mode; first, a crop parameter model is established, and the control is based on the following formula to automatically calculate the duration of a single irrigation;

[0009] I=A*Wm*J formula (1);

[0010] I: single irrigation quota, unit, mL / m2; A: irrigation coefficient; Wm: accumulated light radiation value, unit, J / cm2; J: water volume multiple;

[0011] Then, determine the single irrigation duration T, unit, min;

[0012] T=60*I*10-3 / (De*q) formula (2);

[0013] I: single irrigation quota, unit, mL / m2; De: planting density, unit, plant / m2; q: dripper flow, unit, L / h;

[0014] Secondly, producers input parameters into the integrated water and fertilizer machine according to the planting situation. The parameters include planting crops, crop rotation, growth period, planting density and / or dripper flow rate;

[0015] Again, the irrigation coefficient A is pre-made according to the planting based on the previous test results, and the water volume multiple J function is adjusted according to the empirical value;

[0016] After that, the machine learning parameter control is executed. When the accumulated light radiation of the day reaches the light radiation threshold, the current weather is judged to be sunny. The average light radiation of several sunny days before sampling is calculated as the daily average radiation, which is used as the light radiation threshold. As a result, the daily average radiation value is corrected every month. After that, the producer inputs the number of daily irrigations and the duration of a single irrigation in minutes according to the planting situation, and the system automatically calculates the light radiation start threshold.

[0017] S1.2, establish precise irrigation decisions based on timing and soil moisture;

[0018] First, establish an irrigation decision based on time sequence control, that is, automatically start and / or stop irrigation according to the irrigation start and end time and interval set by the producer; then establish an irrigation decision based on soil moisture control, insert the soil moisture probe into the set range of the crop root system, and manage irrigation according to the set upper and lower limits of soil moisture;

[0019] S2, establish precise fertilization decision-making;

[0020] S2.1, first, according to the nutrient requirements of crops, fertilizers are configured and dissolved in fertilizer barrels with different set proportions; then, the fertilization control based on proportion adjustment needs to input different fertilizer injection proportions for fertilizer barrels A, B, and C, so as to control the different fertilizer intake amounts of the three fertilizer barrels, and use a fertilizer injection pump to extract the nutrient solution in the fertilizer barrels;

[0021] S2.2, based on EC value adjustment, first, prefabricate the correlation model between EC value and nutrient solution concentration, automatically adjust the speed of the fertilizer injection pump according to the input EC value, and automatically adjust the fertilizer absorption amount of fertilizer bucket C according to the input pH value, and also set different fertilizer absorption ratio inputs for fertilizer bucket A: fertilizer bucket B;

[0022] Enter the fertilization time and flushing time according to planting needs, but the fertilization time must be less than or equal to the irrigation time.

[0023] A light-intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine based on machine learning, comprising a fertilization component, a monitoring component and / or a control component.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0025] The fertilization component includes a water-fertilizer ratio tank, which includes at least three fertilization barrels; wherein,

[0026] The three fertilizer barrels are divided into fertilizer barrel A, fertilizer barrel B and fertilizer barrel C;

[0027] The water-fertilizer ratio tank is connected to a fertilization main control machine as a control component through a water-fertilizer pipeline;

[0028] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline with a fertilizer injection pump and / or a filter is connected between the fertilizer barrel and the water and fertilizer pipeline;

[0029] The monitoring components include a light probe for measuring light radiation, a temperature and humidity probe, and / or a probe for detecting soil moisture;

[0030] The fertilization master control machine is the main body of the fertilization master control machine.

[0031] The control component includes a processor, a database containing pre-test data, a power supply and / or an execution circuit electrically connected to the processor and used to control and regulate the start and stop of the motor and / or the electromagnetic valve of the fertilizer injection pump;

[0032] The processor is responsible for collecting the monitoring data of light and soil moisture and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions to the execution circuit to control the start and stop of the corresponding motor. According to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer, it regulates the start and stop of the motor and / or solenoid valve of the fertilizer injection pump;

[0033] The probes for detecting soil moisture include a surface soil moisture probe, a middle soil moisture probe and / or a lower soil moisture probe to monitor the moisture content and difference changes of the corresponding soil layers;

[0034] Temperature and humidity probe, used for temperature collection.

[0035] A water-fertilizer integrated machine comprises a water-fertilizer collecting chamber, the water-fertilizer collecting chamber is respectively connected to the output end of a water supply pipe, the input end of a field pipeline and the output end of a water-fertilizer pipeline; a water-fertilizer proportioning tank is connected to the input end of the water-fertilizer pipeline;

[0036] Quantitative irrigation components and pressure-boosting supply components are distributed on the field pipelines.

[0037] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0038] The water-fertilizer ratio tank includes a fertilizer barrel body; a fertilizer stirring device and a fertilizer feeding pipeline are arranged on the upper part of the fertilizer barrel body;

[0039] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline with a fertilizer injection pump is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer barrel;

[0040] The fertilization output inverted cone pipe is set to be larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; the lower part of the fertilization output inverted cone pipe is also connected to a fertilization blockage clearing component;

[0041] The fertilization stirring device comprises a stirring and cleaning moving shaft with rotating and telescopic movements; a stirring fixed support is provided at the cantilever end of the stirring and cleaning moving shaft; a stirring rotating vertical central axis is vertically rotated on a 45-degree inclined surface of the stirring fixed support;

[0042] A forty-five-degree inclined plane of a stirring and rotating support is vertically rotated at the end of the stirring and rotating vertical central axis;

[0043] A stirring rotation guide ring rail corresponding to the stirring fixed support and coaxial with the stirring rotation vertical central axis is arranged on the inclined surface of the stirring rotation support;

[0044] A stirring auger for stirring water and fertilizer in the fertilizing barrel is arranged on the stirring rotating support;

[0045] The stirring auger has a stirring working station facing downward and located in the fertilizer barrel, and a stirring cleaning station facing horizontally and away from the fertilizer barrel;

[0046] A stirring process groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the stirring auger;

[0047] A stirring and cleaning station is provided with a stirring and swinging inclined brush; a stirring and cleaning nozzle is provided on the stirring and swinging inclined brush to blow away the attached matter;

[0048] A stirring fixed frame is arranged above the stirring swinging tilting brush; a plurality of stirring connecting springs are connected to the lower end of the stirring fixed frame, a stirring lower clapper is connected to the lower end of the stirring connecting spring, and a stirring knocking hammer is arranged at the lower end of the stirring fixed frame to contact the upper surface of the rising stirring lower clapper;

[0049] After the stirring swing tilts down, the brush contacts the back side of the upper part of the stirring auger to clean the attached matter;

[0050] After the stirring swinging tilted brush swings up, it contacts and vibrates and cleans the lower surface of the stirring lower beater which is in contact with the rising stirring beater. At the same time, the stirring lower beater is raised and contacts the stirring beater, and is struck and vibrated.

[0051] The fertilization and clearing assembly includes a clearing guide pipe sleeve whose upper port is connected to the fertilization output inverted cone pipe; a clearing rotating guide disc that is driven to rotate in the clearing guide pipe sleeve;

[0052] A clearing ejector rod is arranged on the clearing rotating guide disc, and clearing water inlet holes are obliquely distributed on the clearing rotating guide disc;

[0053] A wave wheel is arranged on the end surface of the blockage clearing rotating guide disc.

[0054] The quantitative irrigation assembly includes an irrigation branch pipe for delivering water and fertilizer; the roots of irrigation capillary fibers extending into the soil are distributed on the irrigation branch pipe; the upper end of the irrigation inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the irrigation branch pipe;

[0055] The lower end of the irrigation inlet pipe is connected to an irrigation outlet storage head buried in the soil, and the irrigation outlet storage head is connected to the lower port of the irrigation air pump pipeline;

[0056] An irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet is arranged on the lower inclined side of the irrigation outlet storage head, an irrigation shielding plate is hinged on the upper end of the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet, and an irrigation upper cover plate is connected to the upper end of the irrigation shielding plate to shield the irrigation outlet storage head.

[0057] A fertilization process of a water-fertilizer integrated machine, comprising the following steps;

[0058] Step 1: The water-fertilizer mixing tank outputs water and fertilizer according to the proportion of the water-fertilizer mixing tank;

[0059] Step 2: Open the corresponding solenoid valve on the field pipeline to deliver water and fertilizer to the area to be irrigated, and at the set pipeline position in the field pipeline, use the booster supply component to boost the pressure and mix in bubbles or water and fertilizer.

[0060] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0061] When stirring is required, first, at the stirring working station, stir the water and fertilizer with the stirring auger to prevent sedimentation and blockage; then, move the stirring fixed support, and the stirring auger stirs different positions of the fertilizer barrel; secondly, the stirring rotation is rotated vertically along the central axis to swing the stirring auger to be cleaned up to the stirring cleaning station and rotate it; thirdly, after the stirring swing tilted brush swings down, it contacts the back side of the upper part of the stirring auger to clean the attachments; after that, after the stirring swing tilted brush swings up, it contacts and vibrates the lower surface of the stirring lower clapper that is in contact with the rising stirring, and at the same time, the stirring lower clapper rises to contact the stirring hammer and is knocked and vibrated;

[0062] When it is necessary to clean the fertilization output inverted cone pipe, first, the cleaning liquid is sent into the cleaning guide sleeve; then, the cleaning liquid passes through the cleaning water inlet hole and the impeller; the cleaning rotary guide disc rotates to realize the rotation cleaning of the inner wall of the fertilization output inverted cone pipe, and the inner cone surface is used for gathering and flushing.

[0063] First, water and fertilizer are output to the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet of the irrigation outlet storage head through the irrigation inlet pipe; then, the irrigation air pump pipeline, the irrigation inlet pipe and the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet form a Venturi tube, and the irrigation baffle is opened, so that the gas mixed with air or carbon dioxide is pressurized and sent in to supplement oxygen or carbon dioxide.

[0064] The invention has reasonable design, low cost, durability, safety and reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, money saving, compact structure and convenient use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fertilization stirring device of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilization and blockage clearing component of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the field pipeline structure of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the correlation between the speed regulation ratio of the fertilizer injection pump of the present invention and the EC value of the nutrient solution.

[0070] Among them: 1. Water-fertilizer ratio tank; 2. Water-fertilizer pipeline; 3. Fertilizer main control machine; 4. Light probe; 5. Temperature and humidity probe; 6. Water supply pipe; 7. Middle soil moisture probe; 8. Surface soil moisture probe; 9. Lower soil moisture probe; 10. Field pipeline; 11. Quantitative irrigation component; 12. Pressurized supply component; 13. Fertilizer barrel; 14. Fertilizer stirring device; 15. Fertilizer feeding pipeline; 16. Fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline; 17. Fertilizer clearing component; 18. Mixing and cleaning moving shaft; 19. Mixing fixed support; 20. Mixing rotating support; 21. Mixing rotating guide ring rail; 22. Mixing rotating vertical center axis ; 23. Mixing work station; 24. Mixing cleaning station; 25. Mixing auger; 26. Mixing process groove; 27. Mixing swing tilting brush; 28. Mixing cleaning nozzle; 29. ​​Mixing fixed frame; 30. Mixing connection spring; 31. Mixing lower clapper; 32. Mixing percussion hammer; 33. Clearing guide sleeve; 34. Clearing rotating guide plate; 35. Clearing top rod; 36. Clearing water inlet hole; 37. Irrigation branch pipe; 38. Irrigation capillary fiber; 39. Irrigation air pump pipeline; 40. Irrigation inlet pipe; 41. Irrigation outlet storage head; 42. Irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet; 43. Irrigation baffle; 44. Irrigation upper cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] like Figure 5 ,Example 1,The present invention integrates precise irrigation decisions based on light, timing and soil moisture, and two precise fertilization decisions based on ratio and EC value.

[0072] Among them, (a) precise irrigation decision based on light

[0073] Irrigation decisions based on light are mainly divided into two modes: crop parameter model control and machine learning parameter control. The crop parameter model control automatically calculates the duration of a single irrigation according to the following formula;

[0074] I=A*Wm*J Formula (1)

[0075] I: single irrigation quota, unit, mL / m2; A: irrigation coefficient; Wm: accumulated light radiation value, unit, J / cm2; J: water volume multiple;

[0076] T=60*I*10-3 / (De*q) Formula (2)

[0077] T: single irrigation duration, unit, min; I: single irrigation quota, unit, mL / m2; De: planting density, unit, plant / m2; q: dripper flow, unit, L / h;

[0078] Producers input parameters such as planting crops, crop rotation, growth period, planting density and dripper flow into the water-fertilizer machine based on the planting situation.

[0079] The irrigation coefficient is pre-made according to the planting results of the previous test, and the irrigation coefficient of the specific crop in different growth periods is automatically determined. The producer can adjust the irrigation quota calculated by the model by using the water multiplier function. For example, the irrigation coefficient of spring tomato fruiting period is 3.0, the planting density is 3 plants / m2, the dripper flow is 2L / h, and the water multiplier is set to 1.0. When the light radiation accumulates to 100J / cm2, the single irrigation quota I=3*100*1=300mL / m2, and the single irrigation time T=60*300*10-3 / 3*2=3min, then the light radiation accumulates to 100J / cm2, and the single irrigation time is 3min.

[0080] In the machine learning parameter control, when the cumulative light radiation of the day reaches 700J / cm2, the current weather is judged to be sunny. The system calculates the average daily radiation based on the average light radiation of the past five sunny days. The average daily radiation value is automatically corrected once a month. The producer enters the number of daily irrigations and the duration of a single irrigation (min) according to the planting situation, and the system will automatically calculate the light radiation start threshold. For example, the average daily radiation in December is 735J / cm2. The producer hopes to irrigate twice a day, each time for 5 minutes. When the light radiation reaches 735 / 2=367.5J / cm2, irrigation is started for 5 minutes. The cumulative light speed on cloudy days slows down. If the light radiation start threshold is not reached, no irrigation is performed.

[0081] (b) Precision irrigation decision-making based on time series and soil moisture

[0082] (b1) Irrigation decision-making based on timing control means that irrigation is automatically started and stopped according to the irrigation start and end time set by the producer. The integrated water and fertilizer machine has three time periods and intervals, as well as an input port for a single irrigation duration. For example, if the producer sets the time from 8:00 to 12:00 in the morning, with an interval of 120 minutes and an irrigation time of 5 minutes, then the irrigation will be started twice at 10:00 and 12:00 respectively, and stopped at 10:05 and 12:05 respectively.

[0083] (b2) Irrigation decision based on soil moisture control: insert the soil moisture probe within 10cm of the crop root system, and manage irrigation according to the set upper and lower limits of soil moisture. For example, input irrigation when the soil volume moisture content is lower than 20%, and stop irrigation when it reaches 30%. This functional area also sets the allowed working time period and the all-day irrigation time limit. For example, if you input 8:00-16:00, irrigation will not be carried out outside this time period even if the irrigation lower limit of 20% is reached. Irrigation can only be started when entering the allowed working time period. For example, if you input 200min for the all-day irrigation time limit, the maximum allowed irrigation time per day is 200min, and even if the irrigation upper limit of 30% is not reached, irrigation will no longer be carried out.

[0084] (c) Precision fertilization decision-making

[0085] According to the nutrient requirements of crops, fertilizers are configured and dissolved in the fertilizer barrel. The nutrient solution in the fertilizer barrel is extracted by a fertilizer injection pump. The precise fertilization control based on proportional adjustment requires producers to input and define different fertilizer injection ratios for the three barrels A, B, and C. For example, if A is set to 50%, B is set to 30%, and C is set to 20%, then the fertilizer injection pump of barrel A runs at 50% speed, B at 30%, and C at 20%, thereby controlling the different fertilizer intake amounts of the three fertilizer barrels. The EC value refers to the concentration of soluble salts in a solution, and can also be used to represent the concentration of soluble ions in liquid fertilizers or planting media.

[0086] Based on EC value adjustment, the correlation model of EC value and nutrient solution concentration is prefabricated. According to the EC value input by the producer, the speed of the fertilizer injection pump is automatically adjusted. According to the PH value input by the producer, the fertilizer absorption amount of the acid barrel (usually barrel C) is automatically adjusted. Different fertilizer absorption ratio input ends of A:B are also set. For example, if it is set to 2.0, it will ensure that under the premise that the EC value reaches the input value, the fertilizer injection amount of barrel A is twice that of barrel B.

[0087] The producer inputs the fertilization time and flushing time according to the planting needs, but the fertilization time must be less than or equal to the irrigation time. For example, if the irrigation time is 10 minutes, the fertilization time is 10 minutes, and the flushing time is 1 minute, then irrigate with nutrient solution for 10 minutes, and then irrigate with clean water for 1 minute to flush the pipe.

[0088] (d) The integrated water and fertilizer machine uses a 10-inch touch screen, with a clear control interface and simple functions. It is mainly divided into two sections: the display area and the control area. The display area includes four aspects: irrigation strategy, fertilization strategy, fertilization master control machine information and comprehensive information. Irrigation decisions can choose light radiation, timing, soil moisture or manual control. The fertilization strategy displays the parameter settings related to fertilization, including fertilization time, flushing time, adjustment method, EC setting value, PH setting value and AB fertilizer ratio. The fertilization master control machine information displays the flow rate and daily flow of the main line, channel A, channel B, and channel C, as well as the current real-time EC and PH values. The comprehensive information is real-time data of air temperature, air humidity, substrate temperature, substrate humidity, light intensity, daily cumulative radiation, daily irrigation times and daily irrigation time. The control area mainly includes five functional areas: irrigation settings, fertilization settings, history records, system settings and lock screen, which can realize functions such as irrigation and fertilization parameter settings and historical record query of the operation of the integrated water and fertilizer machine.

[0089] The optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine based on machine learning mainly includes three aspects: fertilization components, monitoring components and control components. The fertilization components mainly include three fertilizer barrels ABC, fertilizer injection pumps and filters, etc. The monitoring components mainly include light probes for measuring light radiation and probes for detecting soil moisture. The control component is the main body of the fertilization master control machine, which is responsible for collecting monitoring data such as light and soil moisture and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions. According to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer, it controls the start and stop of the fertilizer injection pump and the solenoid valve.

[0090] Specific field applications

[0091] Field trials and demonstrations were carried out in Changping District, Daxing District and Miyun District of Beijing, covering an area of ​​8 mu. The test variety in Xincheng Garden of Changping District was "Hongyan". The cultivation mode was elevated substrate cultivation. The fertilizer control machine was installed on January 11, and the strawberry seedlings were pulled up by May 17. A total of 46m3 of water was used, 66 irrigation and fertilizations were performed, and the total working time of the fertilizer control machine was 776 minutes. The sugar-acid ratio of strawberries was 28.5, which was 8.5% higher than that of conventional management, saving 2 laborers per mu for irrigation and fertilization.

[0092] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine based on machine learning in this embodiment includes a fertilization component, a monitoring component and / or a control component.

[0093] The fertilization component includes a water-fertilizer ratio tank 1, and the water-fertilizer ratio tank 1 includes at least three fertilization barrels 13; wherein the three fertilization barrels 13 are divided into a fertilization barrel A, a fertilization barrel B and a fertilization barrel C;

[0094] The water-fertilizer ratio tank 1 is connected to a fertilization main control machine 3 as a control component through a water-fertilizer pipeline 2;

[0095] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline 16 with a fertilizer injection pump and / or a filter is connected between the fertilizer barrel 13 and the water fertilizer pipeline 2;

[0096] The monitoring components include a light probe 4 for measuring light radiation, a temperature and humidity probe 5 and / or a probe for detecting soil moisture;

[0097] The fertilization master control machine 3 is the main body of the fertilization master control machine.

[0098] The control component includes a processor, a database containing pre-test data, a power supply and / or an execution circuit electrically connected to the processor and used to control and regulate the start and stop of the motor and / or the electromagnetic valve of the fertilizer injection pump;

[0099] The processor is responsible for collecting the monitoring data of light and soil moisture and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions to the execution circuit to control the start and stop of the corresponding motor. According to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer, it regulates the start and stop of the motor and / or solenoid valve of the fertilizer injection pump;

[0100] The probes for detecting soil moisture include a surface soil moisture probe 8, a middle soil moisture probe 7 and / or a lower soil moisture probe 9 to monitor the moisture content and difference changes of the corresponding soil layers;

[0101] The temperature and humidity probe 5 is used to collect air temperature and relative humidity.

[0102] The integrated water and fertilizer machine of this embodiment includes a water and fertilizer collection chamber, which is respectively connected to the output end of the water supply pipe 6, the input end of the field pipe 10 and the output end of the water and fertilizer pipeline 2; the water and fertilizer ratio tank 1 is connected to the input end of the water and fertilizer pipeline 2;

[0103] A quantitative irrigation component 11 and a pressure-boosting supply component 12 are distributed on the field pipeline 10 .

[0104] The water-fertilizer mixing tank 1 comprises a fertilizer barrel 13; a fertilizer stirring device 14 and a fertilizer feeding pipe 15 are arranged on the upper part of the fertilizer barrel 13;

[0105] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 with a fertilizer injection pump is provided at the lower end of the fertilizer barrel 13;

[0106] The fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 is set to be larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; the lower part of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 is also connected to a fertilizer clearing component 17;

[0107] The fertilizing and stirring device 14 includes a stirring and cleaning moving shaft 18 with rotating and telescopic movements; a stirring and cleaning moving shaft 18 has a cantilever end with a stirring and fixing support 19; a stirring and rotating vertical central shaft 22 is vertically rotated on a 45-degree inclined surface of the stirring and fixing support 19;

[0108] A forty-five-degree inclined surface of a stirring and rotating support 20 is vertically rotated at the end of the stirring and rotating vertical central axis 22;

[0109] A stirring rotating guide ring rail 21 corresponding to the stirring fixed support 19 and coaxial with the stirring rotating vertical central axis 22 is provided on the inclined surface of the stirring rotating support 20;

[0110] A stirring auger 25 for stirring the water and fertilizer in the fertilizing barrel 13 is provided on the stirring rotating support 20;

[0111] The stirring auger 25 has a stirring working station 23 facing downward and located in the fertilizer barrel 13, and a stirring cleaning station 24 facing horizontally and away from the fertilizer barrel 13;

[0112] A stirring process groove 26 is provided on the outer side wall of the stirring auger 25;

[0113] A stirring and cleaning station 24 is provided with a stirring and swinging inclined brush 27; a stirring and cleaning nozzle 28 is provided on the stirring and swinging inclined brush 27 to blow away the attached matter;

[0114] A stirring fixed frame 29 is arranged above the stirring swinging tilting brush 27; a plurality of stirring connection springs 30 are connected to the lower end of the stirring fixed frame 29, a stirring lower clapper 31 is connected to the lower end of the stirring connection spring 30, and a stirring knocking hammer 32 is arranged at the lower end of the stirring fixed frame 29 to contact the upper surface of the rising stirring lower clapper 31;

[0115] After the stirring swinging inclined brush 27 swings down, it contacts the back side of the upper part of the stirring auger 25 to clean the attached matter;

[0116] After the stirring swinging inclined brush 27 swings up, it contacts and vibrates the lower surface of the stirring lower clapper 31 that is in contact with the rising stirring, and at the same time, the stirring lower clapper 31 rises and contacts the stirring knocking hammer 32, and is knocked and vibrated.

[0117] The fertilization and clearing assembly 17 includes a clearing guide sleeve 33 whose upper port is connected to the fertilization output inverted cone pipe 16; a clearing rotation guide disc 34 that is driven to rotate in the clearing guide sleeve 33;

[0118] A clearing push rod 35 is provided on the clearing rotating guide disc 34, and clearing water inlet holes 36 are obliquely distributed on the clearing rotating guide disc 34;

[0119] A wave wheel is arranged on the end surface of the blockage clearing rotating guide disc 34 .

[0120] The quantitative irrigation assembly 11 includes an irrigation branch pipe 37 for delivering water and fertilizer; the roots of irrigation capillary fibers 38 extending into the soil are distributed on the irrigation branch pipe 37; the upper end of the irrigation inlet pipe 40 is arranged at the lower end of the irrigation branch pipe 37;

[0121] The lower end of the irrigation inlet pipe 40 is connected to an irrigation outlet storage head 41 buried in the soil, and the irrigation outlet storage head 41 is connected to the lower port of the irrigation air pump pipeline 39;

[0122] An irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet 42 is arranged on the lower inclined side of the irrigation outlet storage head 41 , an irrigation shielding plate 43 is hinged on the upper end of the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet 42 , and an irrigation upper cover plate 44 is connected to the upper end of the irrigation shielding plate 43 to shield the irrigation outlet storage head 41 .

[0123] The fertilization process of the water-fertilizer integrated machine of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0124] Step 1: according to the proportion of the water-fertilizer ratio tank 1, the water-fertilizer ratio tank 1 outputs water and fertilizer;

[0125] Step 2, open the corresponding solenoid valve on the field pipeline 10 to deliver water and fertilizer to the area to be irrigated, and at a set pipeline position on the field pipeline 10, increase the pressure through the booster supply component 12 and mix in bubbles or water and fertilizer.

[0126] When stirring is required, first, at the stirring working station 23, the stirring auger 25 stirs the water and fertilizer to prevent sedimentation and blockage; then, the stirring fixed support 19 is moved, and the stirring auger 25 stirs different positions of the fertilizer barrel 13; secondly, the stirring rotating vertical central axis 22 rotates to swing the stirring auger 25 to be cleaned up to the stirring cleaning station 24 and rotate it; thirdly, after the stirring swinging inclined brush 27 swings down, it contacts the upper back side of the stirring auger 25 to clean the attachments; then, after the stirring swinging inclined brush 27 swings up, it contacts and vibrates the lower surface of the stirring lower clapper 31 that is in contact with the rising stirring, and at the same time, the stirring lower clapper 31 rises to contact the stirring knocking hammer 32 and vibrates after being knocked;

[0127] When it is necessary to clean the fertilization output inverted cone pipe 16, first, the cleaning liquid is sent into the cleaning guide sleeve 33; then, the cleaning liquid passes through the cleaning water inlet hole 36 and the impeller; the cleaning rotary guide disk 34 rotates to realize the rotation cleaning of the inner wall of the fertilization output inverted cone pipe 16, and the inner cone surface is used for gathering and flushing.

[0128] First, water and fertilizer are output to the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet 42 of the irrigation outlet storage head 41 through the irrigation inlet pipe 40; then, the irrigation air pump pipeline 39, the irrigation inlet pipe 40 and the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet 42 form a Venturi tube, and the irrigation baffle 43 is opened, so that the gas mixed with air or carbon dioxide is pressurized and sent in to supplement oxygen or carbon dioxide.

[0129] The present invention realizes stirring of the water-fertilizer ratio tank 1, prevents blockage, stirs evenly, automatically cleans and replaces brushes, realizes detection through the light probe 4 and the temperature and humidity probe 5, realizes water replenishment through the water supply pipe 6, realizes detection of different layers through the middle soil moisture probe 7, the surface soil moisture probe 8, and the lower soil moisture probe 9, and the field pipeline 10 is distributed in the field. The quantitative irrigation component 11 realizes precise irrigation of the field, the booster supply component 12 realizes booster replenishment by using the Venturi principle, the fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline 16 realizes rapid falling, the fertilizer clearing component 17 realizes pipeline flushing, the stirring and cleaning moving shaft 18 realizes free movement, the stirring fixed support 19, the stirring rotating support 20, the stirring rotating guide ring rail 21, and the stirring rotating vertical center axis 22 realize The stirring work station 23 and the stirring cleaning station 24 are changed. The stirring auger 25 realizes stirring. The stirring process groove 26 facilitates the falling of attachments. The stirring swinging tilting brush 27 realizes the rapid tangential cleaning of water and fertilizer attachments. The stirring cleaning nozzle 28 realizes blowing cleaning. The stirring fixed frame 29 is a carrier. The stirring connecting spring 30 realizes vibration shaking. The stirring lower clapper 31 realizes clapping cleaning with a brush. The stirring percussion hammer 32 realizes vibration cleaning. The irrigation capillary fiber 38 realizes water seepage to keep moist. The irrigation air pump pipeline 39 realizes gas replenishment and loosening. The irrigation outlet storage head 41 realizes regular irrigation. The irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet 42 forms a V-mouth, which is convenient for opening. The irrigation baffle 43 realizes sealing. The irrigation upper cover plate 44 blocks the soil.

[0130] The present invention is fully described for a clearer disclosure, and the prior art is not listed one by one.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; it is obvious for those skilled in the art to combine multiple technical solutions of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine fertilization process based on machine learning, characterized in that: Including the following processes; S1, establish irrigation decisions based on light, timing, and soil moisture; S2, establish fertilization decisions based on ratio and EC value; In step S1, S1.1 is executed to establish an irrigation decision based on light and is divided into a crop parameter model control mode and a machine learning parameter control mode; first, a crop parameter model is established, and the control is based on the following formula to automatically calculate the duration of a single irrigation; I=A*Wm*J formula (1); I: Single irrigation quota, unit, mL / m 2 ; A: irrigation coefficient; Wm: cumulative value of light radiation, unit, J / cm 2 ; J: water volume multiple; Then, determine the single irrigation duration T, unit, min; T=60*I*10-3 / (De*q) formula (2); I: Single irrigation quota, unit, mL / m 2 ; De: planting density, unit, plant / m 2 ; q: dripper flow rate, unit, L / h; Secondly, producers input parameters into the integrated water and fertilizer machine according to the planting situation. The parameters include planting crops, crop rotation, growth period, planting density and / or dripper flow rate; Again, the irrigation coefficient A is pre-made according to the planting based on the previous test results, and the function of adjusting the water usage multiple J is adjusted according to the empirical value; Afterwards, the machine learning parameter control is executed. When the accumulated light radiation of the day reaches the light radiation threshold, the current weather is judged to be sunny. The average light radiation of several sunny days before sampling is calculated as the daily average radiation, which is used as the light radiation threshold. As a result, the daily average radiation value is corrected every month; then, the producer inputs the number of daily irrigations and the duration of a single irrigation in minutes according to the planting situation, and the system automatically calculates the light radiation start threshold; S1.2, establish precise irrigation decisions based on timing and soil moisture; First, establish an irrigation decision based on time sequence control, that is, automatically start and / or stop irrigation according to the irrigation start and end time and interval set by the producer; then establish an irrigation decision based on soil moisture control, insert the soil moisture probe into the set range of the crop root system, and manage irrigation according to the set upper and lower limits of soil moisture; In the establishment of precise fertilization decision-making in S2; S2.1, first, according to the nutrient requirements of crops, fertilizers are configured and dissolved in fertilizer barrels with different set proportions; then, the fertilization control based on proportion adjustment needs to input different fertilizer injection proportions for fertilizer barrels A, B, and C, so as to control the different fertilizer intake amounts of the three fertilizer barrels, and use a fertilizer injection pump to extract the nutrient solution in the fertilizer barrels; S2.2, based on EC value adjustment, first, prefabricate the correlation model between EC value and nutrient solution concentration, automatically adjust the speed of the fertilizer injection pump according to the input EC value, and automatically adjust the fertilizer absorption amount of fertilizer bucket C according to the input pH value, and also set different fertilizer absorption ratio inputs for fertilizer bucket A: fertilizer bucket B; Enter the fertilization time and flushing time according to planting needs, but the fertilization time must be less than or equal to the irrigation time.

2. A light intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine based on machine learning, characterized by: It includes a fertilization component, a monitoring component and / or a control component; and is used for the machine learning-based optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine fertilization process described in claim 1.

3. The optical intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine based on machine learning according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fertilization component comprises a water-fertilizer mixing tank (1), and the water-fertilizer mixing tank (1) comprises at least three fertilization barrels (13); wherein the three fertilization barrels (13) are divided into a fertilization barrel A, a fertilization barrel B, and a fertilization barrel C; The water-fertilizer ratio tank (1) is connected to a fertilization main control machine (3) as a control component via a water-fertilizer pipeline (2); A fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline (16) with a fertilizer injection pump and / or a filter is connected between the fertilizer barrel (13) and the water fertilizer pipeline (2); The monitoring components include a light probe (4) for measuring light radiation, a temperature and humidity probe (5) and / or a probe for detecting soil moisture, EC and PH probes; The fertilization master control machine (3) is the main body of the fertilization master control machine. The control component includes a processor, a database containing pre-test data, a power supply and / or an execution circuit electrically connected to the processor and used to control and regulate the start and stop of the motor and / or the electromagnetic valve of the fertilizer injection pump; The processor is responsible for collecting the monitoring data of light and soil moisture and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions to the execution circuit to control the start and stop of the corresponding motor. According to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer, it regulates the start and stop of the motor and / or solenoid valve of the fertilizer injection pump; The probe for detecting soil moisture includes a surface soil moisture probe (8), a middle soil moisture probe (7) and / or a lower soil moisture probe (9) to monitor the moisture content and difference changes of the corresponding soil layers; Temperature and humidity probe (5), used for collecting air temperature and relative humidity; EC probe and PH probe are used to detect the EC and PH values ​​of the nutrient solution in the pipeline.

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