A waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace, comprising a melting furnace body, a flue unit and an overflow chamber; an exhaust port and a feed port are arranged on the top wall of the melting furnace body, and a smoke exhaust port and an overflow port are arranged on one side wall of the melting furnace body in sequence from top to bottom; the flue unit is connected with the melting furnace body and the overflow chamber respectively; the melting furnace body is connected with the overflow chamber; a partition is arranged in the melting furnace body, a material leakage port is opened on the partition, the exhaust port and the feed port are located above the upper surface of the partition, and the overflow port and the smoke exhaust port are located below the partition; the partition divides the internal space of the melting furnace body into two spaces, namely a volatilization chamber and a melting pool; a plurality of heat source inlets are arranged on two opposite side walls of the melting furnace body; the heat source inlet is connected with the melting pool. The overflow furnace of the present invention can effectively utilize the residual heat energy of the melting furnace flue gas to volatilize the low melting point substances in the waste incineration fly ash and heat the overflow port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless and resourceful disposal equipment for fly ash, and in particular relates to a segmented melting overflow furnace for waste incineration fly ash. Background Art

[0002] During the incineration process of the garbage incineration grate furnace, 3-5% of garbage incineration fly ash will be produced. The content of heavy metals and dioxins in the garbage incineration fly ash is high, and it is a hazardous waste. The existing technology mainly uses cement solidification, melt solidification, chemical agent solidification, etc. After the solidified fly ash meets the landfill requirements, it can be landfilled as ordinary waste.

[0003] During the fly ash melting and solidification process, the heating methods are mainly divided into electric heating and fuel heating. Electric heating methods include plasma, silicon molybdenum rods and resistance wires, and fuels include natural gas and coal. The molten pool of fly ash has a certain height. Continuous industrial production requires overflow to discharge the liquid slag from the melting furnace. The molten pool temperature is about 1300-1500℃. If there is no good auxiliary heating method when the liquid slag leaves the molten pool, its temperature will drop, resulting in increased viscosity, and it will stick to the pipe wall and cannot reach the water quenching pool.

[0004] The general melting method uses only about 45% of the energy for melting fly ash, and about 50% of the energy is lost due to heat dissipation in the furnace and flue gas carrying, which is not conducive to the effective use of energy. In the prior art, the fly ash from garbage incineration accumulates in the molten pool when feeding, and will mix with the previously fed fly ash. Although it is conducive to the rapid melting of the fly ash from garbage incineration, it is not conducive to the formation of glass and will cause impurities in the glass. The prior art uses plasma torches, fuel nozzles for heating, or directly removes the flue gas from the overflow slag discharge channel to heat the overflow port. Adding an auxiliary heat source leads to additional energy input, and the capacity utilization rate is low. The flue gas directly flows from the overflow slag discharge channel, and the flue gas cannot be discharged when the channel is blocked. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace, which can effectively utilize the residual heat energy of the melting furnace flue gas to volatilize low melting point substances in the waste incineration fly ash and heat the overflow port to improve energy utilization.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace, including a melting furnace body, a flue unit and an overflow chamber; an exhaust port and a feed port are arranged on the top wall of the melting furnace body, and a smoke exhaust port and an overflow port are arranged on one side wall of the melting furnace body in sequence from top to bottom; the flue unit is connected with the melting furnace body and the overflow chamber respectively; the melting furnace body is connected with the overflow chamber; a partition is arranged in the melting furnace body, a leakage port is opened on the partition, the exhaust port and the feed port are located above the upper surface of the partition, and the overflow port and the smoke exhaust port are located below the partition; the partition divides the internal space of the melting furnace body into two parts of space, namely a volatilization chamber and a molten pool; a plurality of heat source inlets are arranged on two opposite side walls of the melting furnace body; the heat source inlet is connected with the molten pool.

[0007] The present invention is also characterized in that

[0008] The flue unit includes a tubular front flue and an "L"-shaped rear flue; one end of the front flue is connected to the smoke exhaust port, the other end of the front flue is connected to the overflow chamber, and the other end of the overflow chamber is connected to the overflow port; one end of the rear flue is connected to the exhaust port through a pipe, and the other end of the rear flue is connected to the overflow chamber.

[0009] The overflow chamber includes a tubular shell, and an overflow pipe is arranged in the internal cavity of the shell; a first partition, a second partition, a diverter plate and a third partition are arranged between the outer wall of the overflow pipe and the inner wall of the shell, and the second partition and the third partition are respectively located on both sides of the overflow pipe and are arranged horizontally; the diverter plate is located between the second partition and the third partition, the first partition and the diverter plate are arranged vertically, and the second partition is located on the side of the diverter plate away from the overflow port; the diverter plate is located below the lower end outlet of the front flue; one end of the overflow pipe is connected to the overflow port, and a slag discharge pipe is vertically arranged below the overflow pipe, and the port of the slag discharge pipe passes through the shell; a cover plate is provided at the port of the shell away from the melting furnace body.

[0010] A ash cleaning port is provided on the shell body, the ash cleaning port is located below the overflow pipe, and a cover plate is provided at the port of the ash cleaning port.

[0011] A slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the melting furnace body.

[0012] The overflow port is tilted, the outer end of the overflow port is higher than the inner end, and the angle between the overflow port and the horizontal direction is 15°~30°; the overflow pipe is tilted, the overflow pipe and the overflow port form an inverted "V" shape, and the angle between the overflow pipe and the horizontal direction is 15°~30°.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace of the present invention adds a volatilization chamber similar to a hopper in the melting furnace body. After the fly ash enters the volatilization chamber, the material volatilizes due to the high temperature in the furnace. The closer to the bottom of the volatilization chamber, the higher the temperature, which causes the fly ash to gradually melt into a liquid state and be discharged from the leakage port at the bottom of the volatilization chamber. In this way, nearly 35% of the material of the feed weight in the leakage port volatilizes from the leakage port and does not enter the molten pool. The overflow furnace of the present invention can effectively utilize the residual heat energy of the fume of the melting furnace to volatilize the low-melting-point materials in the waste incineration fly ash and heat the overflow port. The overflow furnace of the present invention introduces the fume from the upper part of the furnace into the chamber that wraps the overflow pipe, and utilizes the heating of the overflow pipe by the fume to improve the energy utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of some components in a flue gas chamber of a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace.

[0017] In the figure, 1. melting furnace body, 2. heat source inlet, 3. flue unit, 4. overflow chamber;

[0018] 1-1. Exhaust port, 1-2. Feed port, 1-3. Volatilization chamber, 1-4. Partition plate, 1-5. Leakage port, 1-6. Molten pool, 1-7. Slag discharge port, 1-8. Overflow port, 1-9. Smoke exhaust port;

[0019] 3-1. front flue, 3-2. rear flue;

[0020] 4-1. Smoke chamber, 4-2. Overflow pipe, 4-3. Ash cleaning port, 4-4. First partition, 4-5. Second partition, 4-6. Diverter plate, 4-7. Third partition, 4-8. Shell, 4-9. Slag discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] The present invention provides a waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace, such as Figure 1-3As shown, it includes a melting furnace body 1, a flue unit 3 and an overflow chamber 4; an exhaust port 1-1 and a feed port 1-2 are arranged on the top wall of the melting furnace body 1, and a smoke exhaust port 1-9 and an overflow port 1-8 are arranged on one side wall of the melting furnace body 1 from top to bottom; the flue unit 3 is connected to the melting furnace body 1 and the overflow chamber 4 respectively; the melting furnace body 1 is connected to the overflow chamber 4; a partition 1-4 is arranged in the melting furnace body 1, and a leakage port 1-5 is opened on the partition 1-4, and the exhaust port 1-1 and the feed port 1-2 are arranged on the side wall of the melting furnace body 1. -2 is located above the upper surface of the partition 1-4, and the overflow port 1-8 and the smoke exhaust port 1-9 are located below the partition 1-4; the partition 1-4 divides the internal space of the melting furnace body 1 into two spaces: a volatilization chamber 1-3 and a molten pool 1-6, the exhaust port 1-1 and the feed port 1-2 are connected to the volatilization chamber 1-3, and the overflow port 1-8 and the smoke exhaust port 1-9 are connected to the molten pool 1-6; a plurality of heat source inlets 2 are arranged on two opposite side walls of the melting furnace body 1; the heat source inlets 2 are connected to the molten pool 1-6. The partition 1-4 is an arc-shaped partition.

[0023] The flue unit 3 includes a tubular front flue 3-1 and an "L"-shaped rear flue 3-2; one end of the front flue 3-1 is connected to the smoke exhaust port 1-9, the other end of the front flue 3-1 is connected to the overflow chamber 4, and the other end of the overflow chamber 4 is connected to the overflow port 1-8; one end of the rear flue 3-2 is connected to the exhaust port 1-1 through a pipe, and the other end of the rear flue 3-2 is connected to the overflow chamber 4.

[0024] The overflow chamber 4 includes a tubular shell 4-8, an overflow pipe 4-2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 4-8, and the space between the overflow pipe 4-2 and the shell 4-8 is a smoke chamber 4-1; a first baffle 4-4, a second baffle 4-5, a diverter plate 4-6 and a third baffle 4-7 are arranged between the outer wall of the overflow pipe 4-2 and the inner wall of the shell 4-8, and the second baffle 4-5 and the third baffle 4-7 are respectively located on both sides of the overflow pipe 4-2 and are arranged horizontally; the diverter plate 4-6 is located between the second baffle 4-5 and the third baffle 4-7, the first baffle 4-4 and the diverter plate 4-6 are arranged vertically, and the second baffle 4-5 is located at the diverter plate 4-6. The plate 4-6 is on the side away from the overflow port 1-8; the front flue 3-1 and the rear flue 3-2 are both connected to the smoke chamber 4-1, and the diverter plate 4-6 is located below the lower end outlet of the front flue 3-1. The smoke flows from the smoke exhaust port 1-9 through the front flue 3-1 to the overflow chamber 4, and the smoke flows into the smoke chamber 4-1 above the third partition plate 4-7 and below the second partition plate 4-5 through the diverter plate 4-6; one end of the overflow pipe 4-2 is connected to the overflow port 1-8, and a slag discharge pipe 4-9 is vertically arranged below the overflow pipe 4-2, and the port of the slag discharge pipe 4-9 passes through the shell 4-8; a cover plate is arranged at the port of the shell 4-8 away from the melting furnace body 1.

[0025] A ash cleaning port 4-3 is provided on the shell 4-8. The ash cleaning port 4-3 is located below the overflow pipe 4-2. A cover plate is provided at the port of the ash cleaning port 4-3.

[0026] A slag discharge port 1-7 is provided at the bottom of the melting furnace body 1.

[0027] The overflow port 1-8 is tilted, the outer end of the overflow port 1-8 is higher than the inner end, and the angle between the overflow port 1-8 and the horizontal direction is 15° to 30°; the overflow pipe 4-2 is tilted, the overflow pipe 4-2 and the overflow port 1-8 form an inverted "V" shape, and the angle between the overflow pipe 4-2 and the horizontal direction is 15° to 30°.

[0028] After the waste incineration fly ash and the solvent are evenly mixed, they enter the volatilization chamber 1-3 from the feed port 1-2. The lower the height in the volatilization chamber 1-3, the closer it is to the heat source, so the waste incineration fly ash softens and melts while volatilizing. The fly ash melted into liquid at the bottom flows from the leakage port 1-5 to the molten pool, and gradually accumulates to a certain height higher than the highest point of the overflow port 1-8 and then begins to flow into the overflow pipe 4-2, and flows into the slag discharge pipe 4-9 below the overflow pipe 4-2 by gravity, and flows out of the overflow chamber 4 from the slag discharge pipe 4-9 to the water quenching pool or other devices. The heat source (the heat source is plasma or natural gas) entering the melting furnace 1 from the heat source inlet 2 generates flue gas at 4000-5000°C, which gradually flows from the lower part of the molten pool 1-6 to the upper space of the molten pool 1-6 and heats the volatilization chamber 1-3. The flue gas temperature drops from 4000-5000°C to 1500-2000°C. The flue gas flows from the exhaust port 1-9 through the front flue 3-1 to the overflow chamber 4, and flows into the upper and lower parts of the flue gas cavity 4-1 through the diverter plate 4-5. The temperature of the flue gas drops from the front end to the rear end of the flue gas cavity 4-1 from 1500-2000°C to 1300-1500°C. The particles in the flue gas settle and accumulate in the flue gas cavity, and can be cleaned regularly by opening the cover plate of the ash cleaning port 4-3. The flue gas flows from the connection between the flue gas cavity 4-1 and the rear flue 3-2 to the rear flue, and carries the volatilized gas and particles in the volatilization chamber 1-3 to the flue gas treatment system in the rear flue. There is a cover plate at the end of the overflow pipe 42. If there is a blockage in the overflow pipe 4-2, the cover plate can be opened for cleaning.

[0029] In the waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace of the present invention, the melting furnace body 1 and the partitions 1-4 are made of high-chromium corundum bricks, and other parts are made of corundum bricks or low-chromium corundum bricks.

Claims

1. A waste incineration fly ash segmented melting overflow furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a melting furnace body (1), a flue unit (3) and an overflow chamber (4); an exhaust port (1-1) and a feed port (1-2) are arranged on the top wall of the melting furnace body (1); a smoke exhaust port (1-9) and an overflow port (1-8) are arranged on a side wall of the melting furnace body (1) from top to bottom; the flue unit (3) is connected to the melting furnace body (1) and the overflow chamber (4) respectively; the melting furnace body (1) is connected to the overflow chamber (4); a partition (1-4) is arranged in the melting furnace body (1), and the partition (1- 4) is provided with a material leakage port (1-5), an exhaust port (1-1) and a material feed port (1-2) are located above the upper surface of the partition (1-4), and an overflow port (1-8) and a smoke exhaust port (1-9) are located below the partition (1-4); the partition (1-4) divides the internal space of the melting furnace body (1) into two spaces, namely, a volatilization chamber (1-3) and a melting pool (1-6); a plurality of heat source inlets (2) are provided on two opposite side walls of the melting furnace body (1); the heat source inlets (2) are connected to the melting pool (1-6); The flue unit (3) comprises a tubular front flue (3-1) and an L-shaped rear flue (3-2); one end of the front flue (3-1) is connected to the smoke exhaust port (1-9), the other end of the front flue (3-1) is connected to the overflow chamber (4), and the other end of the overflow chamber (4) is connected to the overflow port (1-8); one end of the rear flue (3-2) is connected to the exhaust port (1-1) through a pipe, and the other end of the rear flue (3-2) is connected to the overflow chamber (4); The overflow chamber (4) comprises a tubular shell (4-8), an overflow pipe (4-2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell (4-8); a first partition (4-4), a second partition (4-5), a flow divider (4-6) and a third partition (4-7) are arranged between the outer wall of the overflow pipe (4-2) and the inner wall of the shell (4-8); the second partition (4-5) and the third partition (4-7) are respectively located on both sides of the overflow pipe (4-2) and are arranged horizontally; the flow divider (4-6) is located between the second partition (4-5) and the third partition (4-7); the first partition (4-4) The second partition plate (4-5) is arranged vertically with respect to the diverter plate (4-6), and is located on a side of the diverter plate (4-6) away from the overflow port (1-8); the diverter plate (4-6) is located below the lower end outlet of the front flue (3-1); one end of the overflow pipe (4-2) is connected to the overflow port (1-8), a slag discharge pipe (4-9) is vertically arranged below the overflow pipe (4-2), and a port of the slag discharge pipe (4-9) passes through the shell (4-8); a cover plate is arranged at a port of the shell (4-8) away from the melting furnace body (1); and a slag discharge port (1-7) is arranged at the bottom of the melting furnace body (1).

2. The waste incineration fly ash staged melting overflow furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (4-8) is provided with a ash cleaning port (4-3), the ash cleaning port (4-3) is located below the overflow pipe (4-2), and a cover plate is provided at the port of the ash cleaning port (4-3).

3. The waste incineration fly ash staged melting overflow furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow port (1-8) is arranged obliquely, the outer end of the overflow port (1-8) is higher than the inner end, and the angle between the overflow port (1-8) and the horizontal direction is 15° to 30°; the overflow pipe (4-2) is arranged obliquely, the overflow pipe (4-2) and the overflow port (1-8) form an inverted "V" shape, and the angle between the overflow pipe (4-2) and the horizontal direction is 15° to 30°.

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