Integrated monitoring equipment and method for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated monitoring device and detection method for blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring of rock slopes. The device of the present invention includes an embedded blasting vibration measurement system, a slide rail moving system, a laser monitoring system, a box protection system and a transmission warning system. The lower part of the embedded blasting vibration measurement system is embedded in the step slope rock and is in close contact with the rock. The upper part is connected to the box protection system. The slide rail moving system is close to the ground. The laser monitoring system is placed at both ends of the slide rail moving system. The box protection system is placed above the slide rail moving system, and the transmission warning system is placed inside the box protection system. The embedded blasting vibration measurement system and the laser monitoring system are both connected to the transmission warning system through leads. The present invention integrates blasting vibration, slope displacement, and slope inclination monitoring, can collect a variety of slope information at the same time, and accurately collect blasting vibration waves; the measurement is not affected by weather, distance, and obstructions, is simple and convenient, and improves the accuracy of displacement monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to rock slope engineering monitoring technology, and in particular to integrated monitoring equipment and method for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring, which are used to obtain blasting vibration and slope displacement data of rock slopes during blasting mining, and further monitor the stability state of the slopes. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient mining method, blasting technology has been widely used in various open-pit mining projects. However, due to the complex mining environment and unreasonable blasting parameter settings, the vibration and shock waves generated by blasting mining can cause the slope to shift, affecting the stability of the mine slope. Therefore, real-time monitoring of blasting vibration and slope displacement is of great significance.

[0003] At present, traditional blasting vibration meters are often used for blasting monitoring in various blasting projects. The vibration meter consists of an on-site data acquisition recorder, a sensor, and an analysis and processing system. During on-site monitoring, it is necessary to place a data acquisition recorder and a sensor, and the structure is relatively complex. When collecting blasting vibration data, data is obtained only through the contact between the sensor and the surface, so there is a certain error in the accuracy of the measured blasting data; displacement is closely related to blasting, and many landslides in rock mines are caused by blasting. Among the existing displacement monitoring devices, total stations and levels are the majority. This type of monitoring instrument is greatly affected by weather, trees and other obstructions, and its use is limited. In the existing blasting vibration monitoring and slope displacement monitoring equipment, the two often exist independently, and can only monitor the slope blasting vibration or slope displacement independently, and cannot obtain the monitoring data of the two at the same time, making it difficult to analyze the blasting vibration and rock slope displacement at the same monitoring location. To this end, the present invention proposes an integrated monitoring device and monitoring method that can simultaneously measure accurate blasting vibration and slope displacement data. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that in traditional blasting vibration monitoring and slope displacement monitoring equipment, the monitoring errors are large and the two monitorings are carried out independently, so the blasting vibration and slope displacement data of the same monitoring point cannot be obtained at the same time, the present invention provides an integrated monitoring device and a monitoring method for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring, which can not only collect high-precision blasting vibration frequency, vibration velocity, waveform and other information, but also collect slope displacement values ​​and calculate the slope inclination angle. When the slope is blasted and mined, the blasting vibration and slope displacement data of the monitoring point can be obtained at the same time, which is convenient for slope early warning and subsequent slope stability data analysis.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring includes an embedded blasting vibration measurement system, a slide rail movement system, a laser monitoring system, a box protection system and a transmission warning system. The lower part of the embedded blasting vibration measurement system is embedded in the step slope rock and is in close contact with the rock. The upper part is connected to the box protection system. The slide rail movement system is close to the ground. The laser monitoring system is placed at both ends of the slide rail movement system. The box protection system is placed above the slide rail movement system, and the transmission warning system is placed inside the box protection system. The embedded blasting vibration measurement system and the laser monitoring system are connected to the transmission warning system through leads to facilitate timely transmission of information and early warning.

[0007] The embedded blasting vibration measuring system includes a device fixing rod, a blasting vibration meter, a conical head, and a wire hole. The device fixing rod, the blasting vibration meter, and the conical head are an integrated structure, the upper part of the integrated structure is the device fixing rod, the middle part is the blasting vibration meter, and the lower part is the conical head; the top of the device fixing rod is fixedly connected to the box protection system; when the conical head drills into the rock, the blasting vibration meter is in close contact with the rock; a through wire hole is provided inside the device fixing rod, and a lead wire is pulled out of the wire hole to charge the blasting vibration meter and transmit data.

[0008] The top end of the equipment fixing rod is provided with a thread, and the equipment fixing rod is fixedly connected to the equipment box of the box protection system through a nut.

[0009] The slide rail moving system includes an iron plate, a track, a slider and a limit hole. The track is placed on the upper part of the iron plate, and a slider is installed on the track. The slider can move freely on the track. The top of the slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the equipment box. The track and the slider are used to reduce the friction resistance when the box slides. The limit hole is opened on the track, and the limit hole is used to fix the sliding position. The iron plate is used to fix the position of the measurement and monitoring point.

[0010] The laser monitoring system includes two laser rangefinders fixed on the upper and lower positions of the iron plate and tempered glass arranged on the upper part of the equipment fixing rod. When the equipment fixing rod is displaced and tilted, the laser rangefinder measures the displacement change value, and the inclination angle of the slope displacement is calculated through the upper and lower laser rangefinders. The tempered glass is used to improve the reflection effect of the laser.

[0011] The box protection system includes an equipment box, a lifting ring, a box hole, an operating door, and a lock. The lifting ring is located at the top of the equipment box, which is convenient for carrying the monitoring equipment. The box hole is located at the bottom of the equipment box, which is used to connect the embedded blasting vibration measurement system. The operating door is located on the side of the equipment box, and a lock is provided on the operating door. When the operating door is closed, the components in the equipment box are protected, so that the powered components in the equipment box are not affected by bad weather, the service life of the equipment is increased, and the goal of long-term field monitoring is achieved.

[0012] The transmission warning system includes a power supply module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, an alarm module and a wireless communication module. The power supply module is connected to the blasting vibrometer, the laser rangefinder and the data acquisition module respectively, the data acquisition module is connected to the blasting vibrometer, the laser rangefinder, the wireless communication module and the data processing module respectively, the data acquisition module transmits the collected data to the monitoring center through the wireless communication module, and the data processing module performs data filtering and processing, the data processing module is connected to the alarm module, and when the monitoring value reaches the set threshold, an automatic alarm is realized.

[0013] The monitoring method using the integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring as described above has the following monitoring steps:

[0014] S1. Drill holes on the surface at hard rock points around the blasting area, drill the equipment fixing rod into the surface, and hit the top of the equipment fixing rod to allow the cone head to completely drill into the rock and make the cone head tightly connected to the rock;

[0015] S2. Clean the debris around the equipment fixing rod and apply plaster on the smooth and clean ground;

[0016] S3. Put the lifting ring into the equipment box, pass the equipment fixing rod through the box hole, and cover the threaded opening on the upper part of the equipment fixing rod with a nut to connect the equipment fixing rod and the equipment box to form a whole;

[0017] S4. After putting the equipment box in, drop the iron plate onto the ground covered with plaster and gently press the iron plate; fix the iron plate on the ground covered with plaster;

[0018] S5, pull out the lead wires in the wire hole and the lead wires of the laser rangefinder, and connect the lead wires to the power supply module and the data acquisition module;

[0019] S6. Turn on the laser rangefinder to allow it to automatically record the distance from the laser to the fixed pole of the device.

[0020] S7. The blasting vibrometer and laser rangefinder transmit the measured data to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module saves all the data and transmits them to the wireless communication module and the data processing module. The data processing module filters and selects the data and transmits the data exceeding the threshold to the alarm module.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention integrates blasting vibration monitoring, slope displacement monitoring, and slope inclination monitoring, and can collect a variety of slope information at the same time, which is convenient for subsequent comparative research.

[0023] 2. The blasting vibration meter is drilled into the rock mass, and the instrument is in contact with the rock mass on all sides, which can better collect the blasting vibration waves and greatly improve the accuracy of obtaining blasting data.

[0024] 3. Displacement monitoring adopts a combination of track and laser. The measurement is not affected by weather, distance, or obstructions. It is simple and convenient, and improves the accuracy of displacement monitoring.

[0025] 4. Setting up two upper and lower laser rangefinders can not only measure the slope displacement, but also monitor and calculate the inclination angle conveniently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the box protection system of the device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of monitoring displacement and tilt angle of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A top view of the slide rail moving system structure of the device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a front view of the structure of the slide rail moving system of the device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a connection diagram of each module of the transmission early warning system of the device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a working principle diagram of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 11-equipment fixing rod, 12-conical head, 13-blasting vibrometer, 14-wire hole, 15-nut, 21-iron plate, 22-track, 23-slider, 24-limiting hole, 31-laser rangefinder, 32-tempered glass, 33-tilt angle, 41-lifting ring, 42-box hole, 43-equipment box, 44-control door, 45-lock, 51-power supply module, 52-data acquisition module, 53-data processing module, 54-alarm module, 55-wireless communication module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0035] The integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring of the present invention comprises an embedded blasting vibration measurement system, a slide rail moving system, a laser monitoring system, a box protection system and a transmission warning system. The lower part of the embedded blasting vibration measurement system is embedded in the step slope rock and is in close contact with the rock. The upper part is connected to the box protection system. The slide rail moving system is close to the ground. The laser monitoring system is placed at both ends of the slide rail moving system. The box protection system is placed above the slide rail moving system. The transmission warning system is placed inside the box protection system. The embedded blasting vibration measurement system and the laser monitoring system are both connected to the transmission warning system through leads.

[0036] The embedded blasting vibration measuring system comprises an equipment fixing rod 11, a blasting vibration meter 13, a conical head 12, and a wire hole 14. The equipment fixing rod 11, the blasting vibration meter 13, and the conical head 12 are an integrated structure, wherein the upper part of the integrated structure is the equipment fixing rod 11, the middle part is the blasting vibration meter 13, and the lower part is the conical head 12; the top end of the equipment fixing rod 11 is fixedly connected to the box protection system; when the conical head 12 drills into the rock, the blasting vibration meter 13 is in close contact with the rock; a through wire hole 14 is provided inside the equipment fixing rod 11, and the wire hole 14 pulls out the lead wire to charge the blasting vibration meter 13 and transmit data.

[0037] The top end of the equipment fixing rod 11 is provided with a thread, and the equipment fixing rod 11 is fixedly connected to the equipment box 43 of the box protection system through a nut 15 .

[0038] The slide rail moving system includes an iron plate 21, a track 22, a slider 23 and a limit hole 24. The track 22 is placed on the upper part of the iron plate 21, and the slider 23 is installed on the track 22. The slider 23 can move freely on the track 22. The top of the slider 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the equipment box 43. The track 22 and the slider 23 are used to reduce the friction resistance when the box slides. The limit hole 24 is opened on the track 22, and the limit hole 24 is used to fix the sliding position. The iron plate 21 is used to fix the position of the measurement and monitoring point.

[0039] The laser monitoring system includes two laser rangefinders 31 fixed at the upper and lower positions of the iron plate 21 and a tempered glass 32 arranged on the upper part of the equipment fixing rod 11. When the equipment fixing rod 11 is displaced and tilted, the laser rangefinder 31 measures the displacement change value, and the inclination angle 33 of the slope displacement is calculated through the upper and lower laser rangefinders 31. The tempered glass 32 is used to improve the reflection effect of the laser.

[0040] The box protection system includes an equipment box 43, a lifting ring 41, a box hole 42, an operating door 44, and a lock 45. The lifting ring 41 is located at the top of the equipment box 43, which is convenient for carrying the monitoring equipment. The box hole 42 is located at the bottom of the equipment box 43, which is used to connect the embedded blasting vibration measurement system. The operating door 44 is located on the side of the equipment box 43, and a lock 45 is provided on the operating door 44; when the operating door 44 is closed, the components in the equipment box 43 are protected, so that the energized components in the equipment box 43 are protected from the influence of bad weather, the service life of the equipment is increased, and the goal of long-term field monitoring is achieved.

[0041] The transmission warning system includes a power supply module 51, a data acquisition module 52, a data processing module 53, an alarm module 54 and a wireless communication module 55. The power supply module 51 is connected to the blasting vibrometer 13, the laser rangefinder 31 and the data acquisition module 52 respectively, and the data acquisition module 52 is connected to the blasting vibrometer 13, the laser rangefinder 31, the wireless communication module 55 and the data processing module 53 respectively. The data acquisition module 52 transmits the collected data to the monitoring center through the wireless communication module 55, and performs data filtering and processing through the data processing module 53. The data processing module 53 is connected to the alarm module 54, and when the monitoring value reaches the set threshold, an automatic alarm is realized.

[0042] The present invention uses the above-mentioned rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring integrated monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Drill holes on the surface at hard rock points around the blasting area, drill the equipment fixing rod 11 into the surface, and hit the top of the equipment fixing rod 11 to allow the conical head 12 to be completely drilled into the rock, so that the conical head 12 is tightly connected to the rock;

[0044] S2, clean up the debris around the equipment fixing rod 11, and fill the smooth and clean ground with plaster;

[0045] S3, carry the lifting ring 41, put it into the equipment box 43, let the equipment fixing rod 11 pass through the box hole 42, cover the upper threaded opening of the equipment fixing rod 11 with the nut 15, and tighten the nut 15, so that the equipment fixing rod 11 and the equipment box 43 are connected to form a whole, so as to avoid the equipment fixing rod 11 falling off due to excessive displacement during the blasting vibration;

[0046] S4. After placing the equipment box 43, drop the iron plate 21 onto the ground covered with plaster, press the iron plate 21 lightly, and fix the iron plate 21 on the ground covered with plaster;

[0047] S5. After placing the monitoring equipment, pull out the lead wire from the wire hole 14, and connect the pulled lead wire and the lead wire of the laser rangefinder to the power supply module 51 and the data acquisition module 52;

[0048] S6, turn on the switch of the laser rangefinder 31, observe whether the laser irradiates the tempered glass 32, and judge whether the laser rangefinder 31 has power. If the laser rangefinder has no power, it needs to be charged before use; let the laser rangefinder automatically record the distance emitted to the device fixing rod 11;

[0049] S7, the blasting vibrometer 13 and the laser rangefinder 31 transmit the measured data to the data acquisition module 52. The data acquisition module 52 saves all the data and transmits them to the wireless communication module 55 and the data processing module 53. The data processing module 53 filters the data and transmits the data exceeding the threshold to the alarm module 54. When the slope displacement is too large, the alarm module 54 sounds.

[0050] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: after the blasting mining, the blasting vibration wave is transmitted through the rock to the blasting vibration meter 13 which is in close contact with the rock on all sides, and the blasting vibration meter 13 transmits the collected blasting vibration data to the data acquisition module 52; when the blasting vibration wave reaches a certain value, the rock slope begins to loosen and displace, the equipment fixing rod 11 moves along the displacement direction of the slope, the equipment box 43 slides along the equipment fixing rod 11 on the track 22, and the laser rangefinder 31 shoots at the tempered glass 32 at the top of the equipment fixing rod 11, and automatically collects the beam distance between the tempered glass 32. The laser rangefinder 31 transmits the collected slope displacement data to the data acquisition module 52, and the data acquisition module 52 transmits the blasting vibration and slope displacement data to the monitoring center through the wireless communication module 55, and performs data filtering and processing through the data processing module 53. The data processing module 53 is connected to the alarm module 54, and when the monitoring value reaches the set threshold, an automatic alarm is realized. The equipment box 43 contains a power supply module 51, which supplies power to the blasting vibrometer 13 and the laser rangefinder 31 throughout the entire process. The equipment box 43 protects the components from being damaged by natural and human factors.

[0051] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring, characterized by: It includes an embedded blasting vibration measuring system, a slide rail moving system, a laser monitoring system, a box protection system and a transmission warning system; the lower part of the embedded blasting vibration measuring system is embedded in the step slope rock and is in close contact with the rock, and the upper part is connected to the box protection system, the slide rail moving system is close to the ground, the laser monitoring system is placed at both ends of the slide rail moving system, the box protection system is placed above the slide rail moving system, and the transmission warning system is placed inside the box protection system; the embedded blasting vibration measuring system and the laser monitoring system are both connected to the transmission warning system through leads; The embedded blasting vibration measuring system comprises an equipment fixing rod, a blasting vibration measuring instrument, a conical head and a wire hole; the equipment fixing rod, the blasting vibration measuring instrument and the conical head are an integrated structure, the upper part of the integrated structure is the equipment fixing rod, the middle part is the blasting vibration measuring instrument, and the lower part is the conical head; the top end of the equipment fixing rod is fixedly connected to the box protection system; a through wire hole is provided inside the equipment fixing rod, and a lead wire is pulled out of the through wire hole; The slide rail moving system comprises an iron plate, a track, a slider and a limit hole; the track is placed on the upper part of the iron plate, the slider is installed on the track, and the limit hole is opened on the track; The laser monitoring system includes two laser rangefinders and tempered glass; the two laser rangefinders are respectively fixed on the upper and lower positions of the iron plate; the tempered glass is arranged on the upper part of the equipment fixing rod; The box protection system includes an equipment box, a lifting ring, a box hole, an operating door, and a lock; the lifting ring is located at the top of the equipment box, and the box hole is located at the bottom of the equipment box for connecting the embedded blasting vibration measurement system; the operating door is located on the side of the equipment box, and a lock is provided on the operating door; The transmission warning system includes a power supply module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, an alarm module and a wireless communication module; the power supply module is respectively connected to the blasting vibrometer, the laser rangefinder and the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is respectively connected to the blasting vibrometer, the laser rangefinder, the wireless communication module and the data processing module, and the data processing module is connected to the alarm module.

2. The integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top end of the equipment fixing rod is provided with a thread, and the equipment fixing rod is fixedly connected to the equipment box through a nut.

3. The integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the equipment box.

4. A monitoring method using the integrated monitoring equipment for rock slope blasting vibration measurement and displacement monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Drill holes on the surface at hard rock points around the blasting area, drill the equipment fixing rod into the surface, and hit the top of the equipment fixing rod to allow the cone head to completely drill into the rock and make the cone head tightly connected to the rock; S2. Clean the debris around the equipment fixing rod and apply plaster on the smooth and clean ground; S3. Put the lifting ring into the equipment box, pass the equipment fixing rod through the box hole, and cover the threaded opening on the upper part of the equipment fixing rod with a nut to connect the equipment fixing rod and the equipment box to form a whole; S4. After putting the equipment box in, drop the iron plate onto the ground covered with plaster and gently press the iron plate; fix the iron plate on the ground covered with plaster; S5, pull out the lead wires in the wire hole and the lead wires of the laser rangefinder, and connect the lead wires to the power supply module and the data acquisition module; S6. Turn on the laser rangefinder to allow it to automatically record the distance from the laser to the fixed pole of the device. S7. The blasting vibrometer and laser rangefinder transmit the measured data to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module saves all the data and transmits them to the wireless communication module and the data processing module. The data processing module filters and selects the data and transmits the data exceeding the threshold to the alarm module.

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