A low-pollution burner head structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-pollution burner head structure, comprising: a main gas pipe, an air guide pipe, a flame stabilizing disk, a long fuel injection rod, a short fuel injection rod and a central air chamber; the long fuel injection rod and the short fuel injection rod are connected to the end of the main gas pipe, arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and radial fuel holes are provided at the ends; the main gas pipe is also provided with a backward injection rod and a radial injection hole; the central air chamber is arranged inside the main gas pipe, and the end of the air guide pipe penetrates into the main gas pipe and is connected to the central air chamber; the front end of the central air chamber is provided with an oblique injection rod, and the end is provided with a head axial cooling hole; the flame stabilizing disk is sleeved at the end of the main gas pipe and is located upstream of the long fuel injection rod and the short fuel injection rod, and the flame stabilizing disk is provided with a swirl blade, a transition flare and a spoiler. The low-pollution burner head structure of the present invention can better organize combustion and control pollutant emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of burners, and in particular to a low-pollution burner head structure. Background Art

[0002] NOx and CO are important atmospheric pollutants and are important factors that cause acid rain and haze. With the increasing requirements for environmental protection, the restrictions on NOx and CO emissions are becoming increasingly stringent. In recent years, clean gas burners using natural gas and other gases as fuel have been vigorously developed. Gas burners have the advantages of safety, high efficiency, and easy operation. When reducing NOx and CO, optimized burners are usually selected. However, there are many types of oilfield heating furnaces. Due to the differences in the structural form, that is, the furnace diameter, furnace length, and heat exchange form, the same power heating furnace usually has a low-nitrogen burner that can only be adapted to one or several models of heating furnaces with the same power. Other heating furnaces will still have the phenomenon of excessive exhaust gas temperature or excessive emissions. Therefore, it is particularly important to design a low-pollution burner structure for oilfield heating furnaces of different models for the same power, so that different furnace structures can still reduce the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the heating furnace and reduce pollutant emissions when the same power is achieved.

[0003] Gas burners release heat by mixing fuel gas and combustion air and organizing combustion. Usually, low-nitrogen burners are designed for standard heating furnaces of a certain power. However, for oilfield heating furnace burners, the models of oilfield heating furnaces are often different and the fuel is not clean enough. Therefore, the design of heating furnace burners needs to fully consider multiple factors such as boiler type, fuel adaptability, fuel pressure fluctuations, combustion efficiency and reduction of pollutant emissions.

[0004] By reasonably designing the burner structure, we can ensure that the same burner can match heating furnaces of different models or different manufacturers with the same power as much as possible. On the basis of ensuring reliable and efficient combustion, we can minimize the generation of local high-temperature areas and make the fuel gas and combustion-supporting air mix evenly, thereby inhibiting the generation of NOx and CO during the combustion process, reducing the emissions of NOx and CO, making the heat exchange more uniform, thereby reducing the exhaust temperature and thermal efficiency, and achieving the expected design effect.

[0005] Most of the existing low-nitrogen burners use standard boilers. When replacing non-standard boilers or changing the furnace size, it is difficult to achieve the expected design effect. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a more reasonable, effective, and transformable and replaceable low-pollution burner head structure to organize combustion and control pollutant emissions, so as to realize the transformation and replacement of the existing burner head structure and achieve the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from commonly used boiler gas burners by replacing local accessories.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A low-pollution burner head structure, comprising: a main gas pipe, an air guide pipe, a flame stabilizing disk, a long fuel injection rod, a short fuel injection rod and a central air chamber; the long fuel injection rod and the short fuel injection rod are connected to the end of the main gas pipe and are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and the ends of the long fuel injection rod and the short fuel injection rod are both provided with radial fuel holes; the main gas pipe is also provided with a backward injection rod and a radial injection hole; the central air chamber is arranged inside the main gas pipe, and the end of the air guide pipe penetrates into the main gas pipe and is connected to the central air chamber; the front end of the central air chamber is provided with an oblique injection rod, and the end is provided with a head axial cooling hole; the flame stabilizing disk is sleeved on the end of the main gas pipe, and is located downstream of the backward injection rod and the radial injection hole, and upstream of the long fuel injection rod and the short fuel injection rod, and the flame stabilizing disk is provided with swirl blades, transition flares and spoilers.

[0009] The low-pollution burner head structure is installed in the shell of the burner, and a peripheral air channel is formed between the outer wall of the main gas pipe and the inner wall of the shell.

[0010] During operation, the main gas pipe guides and distributes the gas into the following parts: the first part enters the peripheral air channel through the backward injection rod, mixes with the upstream air in reverse, and then enters the furnace of the boiler for combustion; the second part enters the peripheral air channel through the radial injection hole in a transverse jet manner, and after cross-mixing, enters the furnace for combustion; the third part enters the central air chamber through the oblique injection rod, and is ejected from the head axial cooling hole to enter the furnace for combustion; the fourth part is ejected radially through the long fuel injection rod and the short fuel injection rod, and then mixes with the peripheral air and enters the furnace for combustion.

[0011] During operation, a part of the air flows through the peripheral air channel outside the main gas pipe, mixes with the gas sprayed from the long fuel injection rod, the short fuel injection rod, the backward injection rod and the radial injection hole, flows along the outer side of the transition expansion port after being rectified by the swirl blade, enters the furnace for combustion after being affected by the disturbance of the spoiler; another part of the air flows through the air guide pipe, enters the central air chamber together with the fuel sprayed from the oblique injection rod, mixes, and is then sprayed into the furnace through the head axial cooling hole for combustion.

[0012] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects by applying gas staged combustion technology, internal and external multi-layer swirl technology, and gas injection and flow guidance technology to the structural design of the burner:

[0013] (1) Strengthen the mixing of air and gas to make the mixing more uniform, improve combustion efficiency, and increase boiler thermal efficiency.

[0014] (2) Enhance the classification and stratification effect of air and gas to make the mixture more uniform and improve combustion efficiency.

[0015] (3) A multi-stage flame is formed, and the temperature field inside the furnace is stratified, which lowers the flame temperature and reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0016] (4) The central flame stabilizer ensures the stability of the flame, thereby ensuring the reliable and stable operation of the burner, reducing the risk of flashback, and improving the safety of the burner during use.

[0017] (5) To achieve the transformation and replacement of the existing burner head structure, and to achieve the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from common boiler gas burners by replacing local accessories. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments and the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a low-pollution burner head structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a front view of a low-pollution burner head structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is an axonometric diagram of a low-pollution burner head structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0024] The following describes the embodiments in detail.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 One embodiment of the present invention provides a replaceable low-pollution burner head structure (hereinafter referred to as the head structure). The head structure mainly includes a main gas pipe 1, an air guide pipe 2, a flame stabilizing plate 3, a long fuel injection rod 4 and a short fuel injection rod 5, and a central air chamber 9.

[0026] The long fuel injection rod 4 and the short fuel injection rod 5 are connected to the end of the main gas pipe 1 and are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The ends of the long fuel injection rod 4 and the short fuel injection rod 5 are both provided with radial fuel holes 11. The main gas pipe 1 is also provided with a backward injection rod 6 and a radial injection hole 7. The central air chamber 9 is arranged inside the main gas pipe 1, and the end of the air guide pipe 2 is bent, penetrated into the main gas pipe 1, and connected to the central air chamber 9. The front end of the central air chamber 9 is provided with an oblique injection rod 8, and the end is provided with a head axial cooling hole 10. The flame stabilizing disk 3 is sleeved on the end of the main gas pipe 1, and is located downstream of the backward injection rod 6 and the radial injection hole 7, and upstream of the long fuel injection rod 4 and the short fuel injection rod 5. The flame stabilizing disk 3 is provided with a swirl blade 12, a transition expansion 13 and a spoiler 14.

[0027] The long fuel injection rod 4 and the short fuel injection rod 5, the backward injection rod 6 and the radial injection hole 7, and the oblique injection rod 8 jointly realize the multi-stage distribution of the gas, and the long fuel injection rod 4 and the short fuel injection rod 5 further realize the reasonable distribution of the gas at different radial heights. The flame stabilizing disk 3 is used to realize the swirl and reasonable diversion of the combustion-supporting air, thereby matching the fuel distribution method and realizing the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions.

[0028] The low-pollution burner head structure can be installed in a burner housing, and a peripheral air passage is formed between the outer wall of the main gas pipe 1 and the inner wall of the housing.

[0029] During operation, the main gas pipe 1 is used as a channel for gas, i.e., fuel gas, or fuel to flow through, to guide and distribute the gas, and is divided into the following parts: the first part enters the peripheral air channel through the backward injection rod 6, and after reverse mixing with the upstream air, enters the boiler furnace for combustion; the second part enters the peripheral air channel through the radial injection hole 7 in a transverse jet manner, and after cross-mixing, enters the boiler furnace for combustion; the third part enters the central air chamber 9 through the oblique injection rod 8, and is ejected from the head axial cooling hole 10 to enter the boiler furnace for combustion; the fourth part is radially ejected from the outer air through the long fuel injection rod 4 and the short fuel injection rod 5, and then enters the boiler furnace for combustion.

[0030] The four parts of gas are used to form four-stage combustion. The four-stage fuel classification can be used to form a flame-stabilized combustion area, adjust the intensity of the flame in different areas, and achieve uniform distribution of high and low temperature areas, ultimately achieving the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions. The multi-stage distribution of fuel is conducive to the control of flame morphology and provides a larger flame stabilization area for the combustion area inside the boiler furnace, which is beneficial to combustion stability.

[0031] During operation, part of the air flows through the peripheral air channel outside the main gas pipe 1, and mixes with the fuel sprayed from the long fuel spray rod 4, the short fuel spray rod 5, the backward spray rod 6 and the radial spray hole 7. After the air passes through the swirl blade 12, it flows along the outside of the transition expansion 13, and after being affected by the disturbance of the spoiler 14, it enters the boiler furnace for combustion; the other part of the air flows through the air guide pipe 2, and mixes with the fuel sprayed from the oblique spray rod 8, and then sprays through the head axial cooling hole 10 to enter the boiler furnace for combustion. The flow of air plays a dual role of mixing fuel and cooling the burner head. While ensuring efficient combustion, it can better ensure that the head structure will not overheat, thereby achieving the optimal service life.

[0032] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the long fuel injection rods 4 and the short fuel injection rods 5 are arranged alternately, and the number of the long fuel injection rods 4 and the short fuel injection rods 5 are 4 to 8.

[0033] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the diameters of the backward spray rod 6 and the oblique spray rod 8 are both 15 to 27 mm, and the number thereof is 2 to 5.

[0034] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the diameter of the radial injection holes 7 is 3 to 15 mm, and the number of the radial injection holes 7 is 8 to 12.

[0035] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the number of the swirl blades 12 is 6 to 10.

[0036] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the swirl angle of the swirl blade 12 is 25° to 60°.

[0037] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the diameter of the head axial cooling hole 10 is 30 to 45 mm.

[0038] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the angle of the transition expansion 13 is 15° to 30°.

[0039] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the length of the transition expansion 13 is 20 to 35 mm.

[0040] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a low-pollution burner head structure. The present invention applies gas staged combustion technology, internal and external multi-layer swirl technology, and gas injection and flow guidance technology to the structural design of the burner, and achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) Strengthen the mixing of air and gas to make the mixing more uniform, improve combustion efficiency, and increase boiler thermal efficiency.

[0042] (2) Enhance the classification and stratification effect of air and gas to make the mixture more uniform and improve combustion efficiency.

[0043] (3) The flame area is divided into multiple layers, and the fuel and air are mixed multiple times inside the entire nozzle structure, achieving efficient combustion while lowering the flame temperature and reducing boiler nitrogen oxide emissions.

[0044] (4) The central flame stabilizer ensures the stability of the flame, thereby ensuring the reliable and stable operation of the burner, reducing the risk of flashback, and improving the safety of the burner during use.

[0045] (5) To achieve the transformation and replacement of the existing burner head structure, and to achieve the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from common boiler gas burners by replacing local accessories.

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail above through specific embodiments. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the part that is not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0047] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. A person skilled in the art may modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pollution burner head structure, characterized in that: include: A main gas pipe (1), an air draft pipe (2), a flame stabilizing plate (3), a long fuel injection rod (4), a short fuel injection rod (5) and a central air chamber (9); The long fuel injection rod (4) and the short fuel injection rod (5) are connected to the end of the main gas pipe (1) and are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and radial fuel holes (11) are provided at the ends of the long fuel injection rod (4) and the short fuel injection rod (5); The main gas pipe (1) is also provided with a backward spray rod (6) and radial spray holes (7); The central air chamber (9) is arranged inside the main gas pipe (1), and the end of the air guide pipe (2) is bent and penetrated into the main gas pipe (1) to be connected to the central air chamber (9); The front end of the central air chamber (9) is provided with an oblique injection rod (8), and the end thereof is provided with a head axial cooling hole (10); The flame stabilizing disk (3) is sleeved on the end of the main gas pipe (1), and is located downstream of the backward injection rod (6) and the radial injection hole (7), and is located upstream of the long fuel injection rod (4) and the short fuel injection rod (5). The flame stabilizing disk (3) is provided with a swirl blade (12), a transition expansion (13) and a spoiler (14).

2. The low-pollution burner head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-pollution burner head structure is installed in a burner shell, and a peripheral air channel is formed between the outer wall of the main gas pipe (1) and the inner wall of the shell.

3. The low-pollution burner head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: During operation, the main gas pipe (1) guides and distributes the gas into the following parts: the first part enters the peripheral air channel through the backward injection rod (6), mixes with the upstream air in reverse, and then enters the furnace of the boiler for combustion; the second part enters the peripheral air channel through the radial injection hole (7) in a transverse jet manner, and after cross-mixing, enters the furnace for combustion; the third part enters the central air chamber (9) through the oblique injection rod (8), is ejected from the head axial cooling hole (10) and enters the furnace for combustion; the fourth part is ejected radially through the long fuel injection rod (4) and the short fuel injection rod (5), mixes with the peripheral air, and then enters the furnace for combustion.

4. The low-pollution burner head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: During operation, a portion of the air flows through the peripheral air channel outside the main gas pipe (1), mixes with the gas ejected from the long fuel injection rod (4), the short fuel injection rod (5), the backward injection rod (6) and the radial injection hole (7), flows along the outer side of the transition expansion opening (13) after being rectified by the swirl blade (12), enters the furnace for combustion after being affected by the disturbance of the spoiler (14); another portion of the air flows through the air guide pipe (2), enters the central air chamber (9) together with the fuel ejected from the oblique injection rod (8), mixes with the fuel, and then is ejected through the head axial cooling hole (10) into the furnace for combustion.

5. The low-pollution burner head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The long fuel injection rods (4) and the short fuel injection rods (5) are evenly and alternately arranged one by one in the circumferential direction, and the number of the long fuel injection rods (4) and the short fuel injection rods (5) are 4 to 8.

6. The low-pollution burner head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The diameters of the backward spray rod (6) and the oblique spray rod (8) are both 15 to 27 mm, and the number is 2 to 5; the diameter of the radial spray holes (7) is 3 to 15 mm, and the number is 8 to 12.

7. The low-pollution burner head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: On the flame stabilizing disk (3), a plurality of swirl blades (12) are evenly distributed circumferentially around the main gas pipe (1), and turbulent cutouts (14) are distributed around the periphery.

8. The low-pollution burner head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The number of the swirl blades (12) is 6 to 10, and the swirl angle is 25° to 60°.

9. The low-pollution burner head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the head axial cooling hole (10) is 30-45 mm.

10. The low-pollution burner head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transition expansion (13) has an angle of 15° to 30° and a length of 20 to 35 mm.

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