Crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module, comprising a front plate, a back plate, an encapsulation layer and a solar cell array, the upper and lower surfaces of the solar cell array are laminated with encapsulation layers, the outer sides of the pressed encapsulation layer are respectively provided with a front plate and a back plate, and an ionic intermediate film is provided between the encapsulation layer and the solar cell array. The preparation method of the crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: firstly, a plurality of solar cells are connected in series to form a solar cell array; then, the front plate, the encapsulation layer and the ionic intermediate film are stacked in sequence from bottom to top, and then the solar cell array is placed on the ionic intermediate film, the ionic intermediate film and the encapsulation layer are placed, and finally the back plate is placed; the laminate is placed in a laminator, at a lamination temperature of 140-150°C, a vacuum time of 6-7 minutes, a downward pressure of ‑10 to ‑30Kpa after vacuum, a delay of 700-900 seconds, and a hot lamination process is completed. The present invention has good bending resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a photovoltaic component and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of photovoltaics. Background Art

[0002] The existing traditional crystalline silicon flexible solar photovoltaic modules are mainly a type of photovoltaic modules using transparent polymer plastic film, including a transparent PET polymer front plate and a PET polymer back plate, and the solar cell array is packaged with packaging materials such as EVA and polyvinyl acetate, and then packaged after heat pressing. Its advantages are that it has some flexibility and is light in weight, but its disadvantages are that it has poor mechanical strength. After bending and stress, it is not as flexible as thin-film photovoltaic modules. The hard and brittle characteristics of crystalline silicon cells will cause the solar cells inside the module to crack and be damaged after being bent and stressed, which will permanently reduce the output power. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module with bending resistance and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module, including a front plate, a back plate, a packaging layer and a solar cell array, the upper and lower surfaces of the solar cell array are laminated with packaging layers, the front plate and the back plate are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the laminated packaging layers, and an ionic intermediate membrane is arranged between the packaging layer and the solar cell array.

[0005] Preferably, the encapsulation layer is an EVA or polyvinyl acetate layer.

[0006] Preferably, the front plate is a transparent PET polymer plate.

[0007] Preferably, the backboard is a PET polymer board.

[0008] After adopting the above structure, an ionic interlayer is arranged between the packaging layer and the solar cell array. At room temperature, the ionic interlayer is in a glassy state and can be fully fused and adhered to the silicon crystalline solar cell, and provides a mechanical strength that is more than 100 times higher than that of traditional packaging materials such as EVA and polyvinyl acetate. When bending, the ionic interlayer will bend synchronously with the silicon crystalline solar cell under force, and the difference in elastic coefficients between the two will not cause the stress to be concentrated on the bent cell when the photovoltaic module is bent, thereby causing the cell to crack, thereby improving the bending resistance.

[0009] The method for preparing the crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0010] The first step: first connect multiple solar cells in series to form a solar cell array;

[0011] Step 2: Then stack the front plate, encapsulation layer and ionic intermediate film in order from bottom to top, and then place the solar cell array on the ionic intermediate film, with the light-receiving side of the solar cell array facing downward, place the ionic intermediate film and encapsulation layer, and finally place the back plate;

[0012] Step 3: Place the laminated parts into the laminator, set the lamination temperature at 140-150°C, vacuum time at 6-7 minutes, the pressure at -10 to -30Kpa after vacuum, delay at 700-900 seconds, and complete the hot lamination process;

[0013] Step 4: Take out the components and complete the production.

[0014] Preferably, in the third step, the set lamination temperature of the laminator is 145° C., the vacuum time is 6 minutes, the downward pressure after vacuum is -20 Kpa, and the delay is 800 seconds.

[0015] The above steps can be completed in the same production process using traditional photovoltaic production equipment. There is no need to upgrade the equipment. The ionic interlayer is laminated with the encapsulation layer and wraps the solar cell array. The encapsulation layer provides better impact buffering and has good adhesion to both the front plate and the back plate. Compared with directly bonding the ionic interlayer to the front plate and the back plate, the encapsulation layer provides better bridging effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural explosion diagram of the present invention,

[0017] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the existing structure;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of cracking of a solar cell with an existing structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments given in the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Embodiment 1, a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module, comprises a front plate 2 made of a transparent PET polymer, a back plate 3 made of a PET polymer plate, an encapsulation layer 4 made of EVA and a solar cell array 5, the upper and lower surfaces of the solar cell array 5 are laminated with the encapsulation layer 4, the outer sides of the encapsulation layer 4 are respectively arranged with the front plate 2 and the back plate 3, and ionic intermediate films 7 and 7' are arranged between the encapsulation layer 4 and the solar cell array 5.

[0021] Ionic interlayer 7 and 7' are abbreviated as SGP. Figure 2On this basis, ionic intermediate membranes 7 and 7' are arranged between the original encapsulation layer 4 and the solar cell array 5, wherein the ionic intermediate membrane 7' can be omitted depending on the usage and conditions of the component. For example, if the component is used in an environment where no back impact will be generated, the ionic intermediate membrane 7' can be omitted and only the ionic intermediate membrane 7 is retained.

[0022] The reason for using the ionic interlayer 7 and 7' on the crystalline silicon solar cell is that the ionic interlayer 7 and 7' are in a glass state at room temperature, can be fully fused and adhered to the silicon crystalline solar cell, and provide a mechanical strength that is more than 100 times higher than that of traditional packaging materials such as EVA and polyvinyl acetate. When bending, the ionic interlayer 7 and 7' will bend synchronously with the silicon crystalline solar cell under stress, and will not cause the stress to be concentrated on the bent cell when the photovoltaic module is bent due to the difference in elastic coefficients between the two, thereby causing the cell to crack, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0023] A method for preparing a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module according to embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:

[0024] The first step: firstly connect a plurality of solar cells in series to form a solar cell array 5;

[0025] Step 2: Then stack the front plate 2, the encapsulation layer 4 and the ionic intermediate film 7 from bottom to top, and then place the solar cell array 5 on the ionic intermediate film 7, with the light-receiving surface of the solar cell array 5 facing downward, place the ionic intermediate film 7' and the encapsulation layer 4, and finally place the back plate 3;

[0026] Step 3: Place the laminated parts into the laminator, set the lamination temperature at 145°C, vacuum time for 6 minutes, the downward pressure after vacuum to -20Kpa, delay for 800 seconds, and complete the hot lamination process;

[0027] Step 4: Take out the components and complete the production.

[0028] It can be completed in the same production process using traditional photovoltaic production equipment, without the need to upgrade or renovate the equipment.

[0029] The encapsulation layer 4 above and below the ionic intermediate membranes 7 and 7' is also an indispensable structural layer. The reason is that: since the ionic intermediate membranes 7 and 7' form a glass state after being fused with the battery cells at room temperature, they will burst when subjected to a large external impact, and the encapsulation layer 4 above and below provides a good impact buffer; the ionic intermediate membranes 7 and 7' have poor adhesion to the front plate 2 and the back plate 3, while the encapsulation layer 4 can provide good adhesion bridging the ionic intermediate membranes 7 and 7' and the front plate 2 and the back plate 3, forming a stable structure with good weather resistance.

[0030] Therefore, the advantage of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules is high conversion efficiency, while the advantage of thin-film photovoltaic modules is good flexibility. Through this structure and process, crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules can have both high conversion efficiency and flexibility. Through this structure and process, the flexibility angle of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules can be increased from the traditional 5-15 degrees to 60 degrees without causing cracks in crystalline silicon cells.

Claims

1. A crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module, comprising a front plate (2), a back plate (3), an encapsulation layer (4) and a solar cell array (5), wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the solar cell array (5) are laminated with the encapsulation layer (4), and the outer sides of the encapsulation layer (4) are respectively provided with the front plate (2) and the back plate (3), characterized in that: Ionic intermediate films (7) and (7') are arranged between the encapsulation layer (4) and the solar cell array (5); the ionic intermediate films (7) and (7') are laminated and bonded with the encapsulation layer (4) and wrap the solar cell array (5); the encapsulation layer (4) is a polyvinyl acetate layer; the front plate (2) is a transparent PET polymer plate; and the back plate (3) is a PET polymer plate; The method for preparing the crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: The first step is to connect a plurality of solar cells in series to form a solar cell array (5); Step 2: Then, the front plate (2), the encapsulation layer (4) and the ionic intermediate film (7) are stacked in order from bottom to top, and then the solar cell array (5) is placed on the ionic intermediate film (7), with the light-receiving surface of the solar cell array (5) facing downward, and the ionic intermediate film (7') and the encapsulation layer (4) are placed, and finally the back plate (3) is placed; Step 3: Place the laminated parts into the laminator, set the lamination temperature at 140-150°C, vacuum time at 6-7 minutes, the pressure at -10 to -30Kpa after vacuum, delay at 700-900 seconds, and complete the hot lamination process; Step 4: Take out the components and complete the production.

2. A method for preparing a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module, used to prepare the crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first step is to connect a plurality of solar cells in series to form a solar cell array (5); Step 2: Then, the front plate (2), the encapsulation layer (4) and the ionic intermediate film (7) are stacked in order from bottom to top, and then the solar cell array (5) is placed on the ionic intermediate film (7), with the light-receiving surface of the solar cell array (5) facing downward, and the ionic intermediate film (7') and the encapsulation layer (4) are placed, and finally the back plate (3) is placed; Step 3: Place the laminated parts into the laminator, set the lamination temperature at 140-150°C, vacuum time at 6-7 minutes, the pressure at -10 to -30Kpa after vacuum, delay at 700-900 seconds, and complete the hot lamination process; Step 4: Take out the components and complete the production.

3. The method for preparing a crystalline silicon flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the third step, the set lamination temperature of the laminator is 145° C., the vacuum time is 6 minutes, the downward pressure after vacuum is -20 Kpa, and the delay is 800 seconds.

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