A device for measuring the geometric shape of a motor vehicle axle

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for measuring at least the geometry of a motor vehicle axle (2), comprising at least two receiving devices (4) for fixing opposite ends (5) of the axle (2), and at least one detection device (9) for detecting at least one geometric parameter of the axle (2), wherein the receiving devices (4) are held movably in at least two spatial directions (X, Y), wherein each receiving device (4) has at least one fixing region (12) for fixing one end (5) of the axle (2). A device (1) for measuring at least the geometry of a motor vehicle axle (2) is provided, the device having a low degree of complexity and a compact construction, which is realized in that at least the fixing region (12) of the receiving device (4) is at least partially rotatably supported by at least two mutually movable, arched support surfaces (13).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for at least measuring, and in particular also for adjusting, the geometry of a wheel axle of a motor vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The invention relates to a device for at least measuring, in particular also for adjusting, the geometry of a wheel axle of a motor vehicle. The device has at least two receiving devices for fixing opposite ends of the wheel axle. The device also has at least one detection device for detecting at least one geometric parameter of the wheel axle, such as the toe angle or the camber angle. Each receiving device is held movably in at least two spatial directions. Each receiving device has at least one fixing area for fixing one end of the wheel axle, in particular a wheel hub or a brake disc.

[0003] In the prior art, many designs of such devices are known. These devices are used at least for measuring the geometry of a wheel axle of a wheeled motor vehicle, and in particular also for adjusting the geometry of the wheel axle. In order to measure the geometry of the wheel axle in the device, the wheel axle is primarily fastened to so-called subframe bearings and wheel hubs. Here, too, the same conditions as in the vehicle are created. In order to simulate the load in the assembled state, the wheel axle in the device is loaded with a force corresponding to the weight of the vehicle.

[0004] In order not to influence the measurement result, the movement of the wheel axle should not be restricted during the measurement and / or adjustment process. In this case, the freedom of movement of the wheel carrier is particularly important. Therefore, a high degree of flexibility of the device in the fixing area must be ensured.

[0005] Whenever adjustments are made, an adjustment process usually takes place via eccentric bolts, which adjust the angle of the wheel flange (and thus the brake disc) relative to the road (camber) and relative to the direction of travel (toe angle). This adjustment simultaneously produces a displacement of the wheel hub in space. The wheel axle geometry is preferably detected on the brake disc.

[0006] The devices disclosed in the prior art have the disadvantage that their construction is very complicated and takes up a large manufacturing space. In order to avoid collisions between the device and the brake saddle of the wheel axle, specific construction dimensions are required in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for measuring at least the geometry of a motor vehicle wheel axle which has a low level of complexity and a compact construction.

[0008] In a device of this type according to the characterizing portion of claim 1 , this object is achieved in that at least the fastening region of the receiving device is at least partially rotatably supported by at least two curved support surfaces that are movable relative to one another.

[0009] The device is designed for measuring at least one geometrical shape of a motor vehicle axle. The device is preferably also designed for adjusting at least one geometrical parameter of a motor vehicle axle, such as a toe angle or a camber angle. In order to measure the geometrical shape of the axle, the device has at least one detection device. For example, the detection device is designed for tactile and / or optical detection of at least one geometrical parameter, in particular a camber angle and / or a toe angle. Preferably, at least one adjustment device, in particular a plurality of adjustment devices, is provided in order to adjust the geometrical parameters of the axle by means of different adjusting screws on the axle.

[0010] The wheel axle can be fixed in the device, in addition, the wheel axle two sides are fixed by a receiving device respectively. Preferably, the wheel axle is fixed on the wheel hub and / or on the brake disc respectively.

[0011] The receiving device is held movably in at least two spatial directions, in particular on at least one support frame of the device, so that the receiving device can be guided onto the wheel axle.

[0012] For fixing one end of the wheel axle, in particular the wheel hub, each receiving device has at least one fixing region. For example, the fixing region is designed in such a way that it at least partially bears against the brake disk and / or the wheel hub of the wheel axle and / or at least partially receives the brake disk and / or the wheel hub. For example, it is provided that the fixing region is designed in such a way that the brake disk and / or the wheel hub can be actively gripped by means of the fixing region, in particular by means of hydraulic, pneumatic or electric clamping arms.

[0013] In order to prevent the device, in particular the fixing of the device, from influencing the wheel axle, it is provided according to the invention that at least the fixing region of the receiving device is at least partially rotatably supported by at least two curved bearing surfaces that are movable relative to one another. The bearing surfaces slide relative to one another so that the fixing region of the receiving device can flexibly abut against different toe angles and camber angles of the wheel axle.

[0014] Even if the toe angle and the camber angle are changed during the fixing - in particular by adjusting the geometric parameters of the wheel axle using the device - the fixing area follows the movement of the wheel axle due to the mutual movement of the bearing surfaces.

[0015] For example, a first bearing surface is fixedly held on the receiving device and the second bearing surface moves on the first bearing surface. The bearing surfaces are preferably designed corresponding to each other. In particular, it is provided that the bearing surfaces are designed spherically. For example, the first bearing surface is convexly curved and the second bearing surface is concavely curved. The fixing area of ​​the receiving device is supported by means of a spherical joint.

[0016] For example, the first bearing surface and the second bearing surface are respectively configured as surfaces that are arched in at least two directions. Preferably, the first bearing surface and the second bearing surface form a sliding bearing. Preferably, the first bearing surface and / or the second bearing surface are configured in an annular closed manner. For example, it is provided that the first bearing surface and / or the second bearing surface have at least one groove, in particular a plurality of grooves. The groove is, for example, a slot, a hole or a channel or a depression of any other shape.

[0017] The first support surface and the second support surface preferably contact each other over the entire surface. In particular, it is provided that the first support surface and the second support surface contact each other over the entire surface at least within the size range of the first support surface or within the size range of the second support surface. At least one of the support surfaces is in full surface contact. This is particularly important in the case of support surfaces of different sizes. Preferably, the first support surface and the second support surface contact each other in a form-fitting manner.

[0018] It is also possible to provide more than two support surfaces, wherein the support surfaces are arranged in such a way that two support covers are respectively formed which move relative to one another when the fastening region is moved.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantage that the compensation of the angular changes of the toe angle and the camber angle is achieved by the relative movement of the two bearing surfaces. By providing the bearing surfaces, a universal suspension can be omitted and a compact and simplified construction is achieved, which provides advantageous flexibility.

[0020] The construction of the invention is also much lighter than the constructions known from the prior art, which has a favorable effect on the energy requirements of the device.

[0021] According to a first design of the device, the fixing area has at least one flexible joint, and the first of the two bearing surfaces is arranged on the flexible joint. The first bearing surface on the flexible joint is configured as an outer circumferential surface or an inner circumferential surface, for example. The flexible joint has, for example, a convexly arched outer circumferential surface as the first bearing surface. Alternatively, it is provided that a pot-shaped flexible joint is configured with a concavely arched inner circumferential surface.

[0022] The articulated joint is preferably held in such a way that it transmits the required securing forces from the wheel axle, in particular from the wheel hub, to the device.

[0023] According to another embodiment of the device, it has proven particularly advantageous that the hub shell provided with the fixing region is at least indirectly rotatably held on the first bearing surface. In particular, the hub shell is designed in such a way that it overlaps at least a part of the wheel hub of the wheel axle in the held state.

[0024] The hub cap is provided to be directly rotatably held on the first support surface. Alternatively, it is also provided that the hub cap is indirectly rotatably held on the support surface, for example by another component. Both alternative embodiments enable the hub cap to advantageously overlap the wheel hub and abut against the brake disc of the wheel axle even when the toe angle or camber angle changes. The rotation of the hub cap is achieved by the mutual sliding of the two support surfaces.

[0025] In order to simplify the assembly of the device in particular, according to another embodiment, it is provided that the union is designed in multiple parts. In particular, it is provided that the union is designed in at least two parts. It is provided that the union is designed in the shape of a pot and has an internal union sleeve, on which the first bearing surface is formed. The multi-part design of the union allows the union to be arranged and assembled in a simple manner.

[0026] Alternatively, the union can be constructed by pushing the union sleeve onto the receiving shaft and fixing it. The first bearing surface is constructed on the union sleeve.

[0027] According to another embodiment of the device, it has proven to be particularly advantageous for the stability on the axle in the retained state to arrange at least the first bearing surface in such a way that it at least partially penetrates into the hub of the axle or at least partially overlaps the hub of the axle, at least in the retained state. This ensures that the forces are advantageously transmitted to the first bearing surface. This prevents an instability, i.e. an undesired sliding of the two bearing surfaces against each other. The hub is preferably overlapped or the bearing surface preferably penetrates into the hub in such a way that tilting moments are minimized.

[0028] According to the design of the device, the first bearing surface as an inner circumferential surface overlaps the hub of the wheel axle from the outside. Alternatively, it is provided that the first bearing surface as an outer circumferential surface at least partially enters the hub. By the entry or overlap, the bearing surface and the hub coincide at least in an imaginary plane, thereby ensuring a favorable force transmission.

[0029] The hub, in particular the hub collar of the hub, is advantageously accommodated in the fastening region in such a way that the bearing forces are as perpendicular as possible to the first bearing surface, in particular are transmitted to the vertex of the first bearing surface, in order to preferably prevent an unintentional rotation of the bearing surface. By supporting the hub in the fastening region in such a way that it is as stable as possible, the contact forces for fastening the shaft can be reduced and thus the measuring accuracy can be advantageously increased.

[0030] The adaptability of the device to angle changes can be further improved by providing, according to the design, that at least a portion of the fixing region is rotatably held so that free rotation is possible. For example, the two bearing surfaces are configured so that rotation can also be achieved via the two bearing surfaces. It is also provided that, for example, a movable joint is rotatably held so that free rotation is possible.

[0031] It is also provided that the receiving shaft is actively rotatably held. For example, the receiving shaft can be rotated by means of an electric motor, for example in order to carry out an end face oscillation measurement. Alternatively, it is provided that the hub cup is particularly non-rotatably held.

[0032] According to another embodiment of the device, it is provided that the fastening region has at least one receiving shaft. For example, the receiving shaft is introduced into a receiving opening of the fastening region and fixed in the receiving opening, for example using a screw which is screwed into a threaded blind hole, in particular of a centering pin, provided in the receiving opening.

[0033] In addition, it has proven to be advantageous when, according to another design of the device, the receiving shaft is supported in a bearing sleeve of the receiving hole. Here, the bearing sleeve is introduced into the receiving opening and abuts against a stop edge on the opening side with a stop collar.

[0034] Another embodiment of the device provides for at least one centering pin to be present. Preferably, the hub shell surrounds the centering pin in an annular manner so that the wheel hub can be accommodated, in particular at least partially rotatably, between the centering pin and the hub shell. Preferably, at least one receiving gap is formed between the centering pin and the hub shell.

[0035] For example, the receiving shaft and the centering pin are designed in one piece or in multiple parts. The centering pin can be rigid or rotatable, preferably rotating together with the hub shell. In the case of a rigid arrangement of the centering pin head, it is provided that the centering pin is screwed to the receiving shaft by means of a central screw. It is also provided that the centering pin is screwed to the hub shell. The centering pin is preferably designed in such a way that it is at least partially overlapped by the hub of the wheel axle in the retained state.

[0036] In order to prevent collisions with the screw heads of the drive shaft of the wheel axle arranged in the wheel hub, according to another embodiment of the device, the centering pin or the receiving shaft has a recess at the end. According to this embodiment, the recess is arranged in the centering pin or the receiving shaft. The recess is preferably designed in such a way that in the holding state, collisions with the nuts of the wheel axle arranged in the wheel hub are prevented and the fixing area can act on the wheel axle in an advantageous manner.

[0037] In order to advantageously simplify assembly, it is provided according to another design that the centering pin is constructed in multiple parts. For example, in particular, in order to rotatably assemble the centering pin on the movable joint, the centering pin is constructed in two or three parts.

[0038] In order to advantageously fix the wheel hub in different angular positions on the centering pin, it is provided according to another embodiment that the end region of the centering pin spaced apart from the end side has at least one rotating ring and the centering pin is designed to taper from the rotating ring in the direction of the end region. In this way, the wheel hub can be easily slid onto the centering pin when the fixing region is in contact with the wheel axle and thus guided into the hub shell. In particular, the wheel hub is introduced into the receiving gap between the centering pin and the hub shell.

[0039] According to another embodiment, it has proven to be particularly advantageous for guiding the hub in different angular positions to provide the centering pin with an at least partially tapering configuration starting from the rotating ring in the direction of the end region facing away from the end side. In this way, the hub in different angular positions can rest against the surface of the centering pin head without tilting occurring between centering pin and hub.

[0040] According to a first alternative embodiment of the device, the second of the two bearing surfaces is formed on the centering pin, in particular as an inner circumferential surface. The receiving shaft has a joint so that the centering pin can be rotated on the joint of the receiving shaft. The centering pin, which is preferably formed in at least two parts, is rotatably held on the joint of the centering pin. In this embodiment, for example, the hub cap is rigidly fastened to the centering pin and rotates together with the centering pin on the joint of the centering pin in order to follow changes in the geometric parameters of the wheel axle during adjustment.

[0041] For example, the articulation of the centering pin is designed in such a way that the articulation sleeve is pushed onto the receiving shaft from one end side and abuts against the end collar of the centering pin. In the assembled state, the articulation sleeve is preferably held between the end collar and the bearing sleeve surrounding the receiving shaft. The articulation sleeve has a first spherical dome-shaped bearing surface, on which a corresponding second spherical dome-shaped bearing surface of the centering pin head is movably supported.

[0042] The hub shell is preferably connected to the centering pin by being rigidly screwed to the centering pin. The hub shell is preferably screwed to a fixing ring and the centering pin is at least partially clamped between the hub shell and the fixing ring.

[0043] In the first alternative described above, the centering pin is rotatably designed and rotates together with the hub shell in the event of an angular change of the wheel axle—toe or camber—in that the first and second bearing surfaces slide relative to one another.

[0044] In the present design, it is also provided that a pre-installed spherical plain bearing is arranged between the centering pin and the receiving shaft. The spherical plain bearing comprises a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface. In the present design, the outer part of the spherical plain bearing comprising the second bearing surface is regarded as a part of the centering pin, and the inner part of the spherical plain bearing comprising the first bearing surface is regarded as a movable joint. The spherical plain bearing is arranged on the assembly shaft for assembly and is placed in the centering pin, in particular in the outer element of the centering pin. Therefore, according to the teaching of the present invention, even when a prefabricated spherical plain bearing is used, the centering pin can be rotatably supported on the movable joint of the receiving shaft.

[0045] According to a second alternative design of the device, the second of the two bearing surfaces is formed on the hub shell, in particular as an outer circumferential surface, and the hub shell is directly supported on the union, in particular on the inner circumferential surface of the union. Preferably, the union is formed in a pot shape and at least partially surrounds the centering pin.

[0046] In this embodiment, the receiving shaft is formed integrally with at least a part of the union. The union preferably has an internal union sleeve, which forms the first bearing surface. The first bearing surface is an inner circumferential surface.

[0047] The second bearing surface is formed on the hub cup, so that the hub cup is rotatably guided on the first bearing surface.

[0048] The centering pin is surrounded by the hub cap and is connected to a screw that receives the center of the shaft. In this embodiment, when the angle changes, the wheel hub and, if necessary, the brake disc rotate together with the hub cap, while the centering pin remains in place. When the angle changes, the wheel hub moves onto the centering pin and is preferably guided onto the centering pin by a rotating ring.

[0049] The internal joint sleeve surrounds the centering pin so that the first bearing surface is arranged at a distance from the centering pin and the hub shell can be introduced with the second bearing surface between the centering pin and the first bearing surface. Between the rotatable hub shell and the rigidly arranged centering pin, the wheel hub can be at least partially accommodated in the receiving gap.

[0050] In addition, it is provided that the second of the two bearing surfaces is constructed on the hub shell, in particular as an outer circumferential surface. The hub shell is supported on the union, in particular on the inner circumferential surface of the union as the first bearing surface. Preferably, the union is constructed in a pot shape.

[0051] Preferably, the receiving shaft is formed integrally with at least a part of the union. The union has in particular an internal union sleeve which forms the first bearing surface. The first bearing surface is the inner circumferential surface. The hub shell is formed in multiple parts. The second bearing surface is formed on the hub shell, in particular the hub shell sleeve of the hub shell, so that the hub shell is rotatably supported on the first bearing surface.

[0052] In this embodiment, the wheel hub and, if necessary, the brake disk rotate together with the hub cap when the angle is changed, while the articulation remains in a fixed position.

[0053] The internal union sleeve is arranged in particular in the depression of the union and preferably bears against the side wall of the depression. The width of the depression corresponds substantially to the width of the union sleeve. The wheel hub, in particular the wheel hub collar, can be at least partially accommodated in a sleeve in the wheel hub shell. Preferably at least one region of reduced diameter is arranged in the sleeve, so that the wheel hub can bear completely against the region of reduced diameter. The diameter of the region of reduced diameter corresponds substantially to the outer diameter of the wheel hub collar - with the necessary clearance.

[0054] The hub shell preferably has at least one hub shell disk, in particular for abutting against a brake disk, and at least one rod, which is preferably formed integrally with the hub shell disk. The rod preferably extends substantially orthogonally to the hub shell disk. The rod preferably has a substantially cylindrical outer surface. The rod is particularly completely or at least partially penetrated by the sleeve.

[0055] The hubcap sleeve is preferably arranged on the rod of the hubcap. The inner diameter of the hubcap sleeve corresponds substantially to the outer diameter of the rod - with necessary adaptations. For example, the hubcap sleeve is fixed to the rod by a securing means, in particular by at least one securing means which cooperates with at least one groove on the rod of the hubcap. For example, the securing means is designed as a securing ring. The fixing region is designed with or without a centering pin.

[0056] It is particularly preferred that the built-in articulated sleeve and the hub shell are constructed as a prefabricated spherical plain bearing, in particular a radial spherical plain bearing. The prefabricated spherical plain bearing, in particular a radial spherical plain bearing, comprises a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface. Similarly, the radial outer part of the spherical plain bearing, which comprises the first bearing surface, is regarded as a part of the articulated sleeve, i.e. as a part of the hub shell, i.e. as a part of the hub shell, i.e. as a hub shell.

[0057] The spherical bearing is arranged on the rod of the hub shell for assembly and is fixed with the safety mechanism. Then, the hub shell with the spherical bearing, in particular also with the internal joint sleeve, is introduced into the joint and is fixed, for example, with the internal joint sleeve in a groove of the joint. For example, it is provided that a spherical bearing, in particular a radial spherical bearing, is arranged between the hub shell and the joint, wherein the spherical bearing comprises a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface.

[0058] The hub shell and / or the internal joint shell are preferably designed in an annular shape. For example, the first contact surface is designed as a concave inner circumferential surface on the internal joint shell and the second contact surface is designed as a convex outer circumferential surface on the hub shell. The internal joint shell and / or the hub shell are preferably mirror-symmetrical to an imaginary plane E, which passes through the axis A of the fastening region as the plane normal.

[0059] In particular, in order to detect the degree of abutment of the brake disc on the abutment surface of the hub shell, it is provided according to a further embodiment that the fixing region has at least one abutment ring. Preferably, the abutment ring completely surrounds the hub shell. Preferably, the abutment ring is elastically supported so that it surrounds the abutment surface of the hub shell. Preferably, the abutment ring is supported on the hub shell and / or the counter ring. In particular, the abutment ring protrudes from the abutment surface of the hub shell so that it can move parallel to the axis A against the elastic support until it is flush with the abutment surface. When the brake disc is correctly abutted, the abutment ring is completely flush with the abutment surface.

[0060] The range of motion of the abutment ring can be detected by at least two, in particular at least four, at least six or at least eight sensors, so that the correct abutment of the brake disc against the abutment surface can be detected by the sensors. The sensors detect, for example, the distance travelled by the abutment ring and / or the uniformity of the movement of the abutment ring on its circumference. If the abutment ring is moved unevenly by the brake disc or only moves along a part of its circumference along the axis A, it can be clearly seen that the brake disc is not correctly abutting. Preferably, the sensor is arranged on a movable ring rigidly connected to the hub cover. For example, the movable ring constitutes a movable bearing for elastically supporting the abutment ring.

[0061] The invention also relates to a receiving device, in particular for fixing at least one opposite end of a wheel axle, particularly preferably for use in the device described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be gathered from the following description of the figures and the dependent claims.

[0063] gives:

[0064] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an apparatus for measuring and adjusting axle geometry.

[0065] Figure 2 is based on Figure 1 Detailed view of an embodiment of the device.

[0066] Figure 3 is based on Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of a receiving device of a device.

[0067] Figure 4 is based on Figure 3A cross-sectional view of a containing device.

[0068] Figure 5 is based on Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of a receiving device of a device.

[0069] Figure 6 is based on Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a receiving device,

[0070] Figure 7 is based on Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a receiving device of a device,

[0071] Figure 8 is based on Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a receiving device of a device.

[0072] List of reference numerals:

[0073] 1 Device

[0074] 2 Axles

[0075] 3 Support frame

[0076] 4. Accommodation device

[0077] 5 Axle end

[0078] 6 Hub

[0079] 7 Brake disc

[0080] 8 Brake saddle

[0081] 9 Testing agencies

[0082] 10 First track layout

[0083] 11 Second track layout

[0084] 12 Fixed Area

[0085] 13 Support surface

[0086] 13a First bearing surface

[0087] 13b Second bearing surface

[0088] 14 Union

[0089] 14a Union external components

[0090] 14b Built-in union sleeve

[0091] 15 Hubcap

[0092] 15a Hub cover

[0093] 15b The abutment surface of 15

[0094] 16 Accommodating shaft

[0095] 17 Centering pin

[0096] 17a Centering pin External component

[0097] 17b Centering pin internal components

[0098] 18 Accommodation clearance

[0099] 19 Grooves

[0100] 20 Bearing sleeve

[0101] 21 Bolt

[0102] 22 Receiving opening

[0103] 23 Stop collar

[0104] 24 Stop edge

[0105] 25 End area

[0106] 26 Rotating ring

[0107] 27 Fixing ring

[0108] 28-end clamp

[0109] 29 slots

[0110] 30 grooves

[0111] 31 30 side wall

[0112] 32 Thinning area

[0113] 33 Guide ramp

[0114] 34 Casing

[0115] 35 Hub cover plate

[0116] 36 15 rod

[0117] 37 Security Agency

[0118] 38 slots

[0119] 39 Abutment ring

[0120] 40 pairs of moving rings

[0121] X-axis

[0122] Y-axis

[0123] Z-axis

[0124] A-axis

[0125] r 13a The radius r at the point of intersection with the center of rotation

[0126] a The distance from the rotation center of 13 to the abutment surface 15b DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0127] The following description requires that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, nor to all or several features of the described combination of features; on the contrary, each individual sub-feature of the described / each embodiment can also be independent of all other related described sub-features and in combination with any features of other embodiments. It has important significance for the subject matter of the present invention.

[0128] Figure 1 A device 1 is shown, which is designed for measuring and adjusting geometrical parameters, in particular the toe angle and the camber angle, of a motor vehicle axle 2. The device 1 comprises a support frame 3, on which at least two mutually oppositely arranged receiving devices 4 are arranged for fixing opposite ends 5 of the axle 2. The axle 2 is arranged in the device 1, the receiving devices not yet being in a holding state, in which the opposite ends 5 of the axle 2 are fixed.

[0129] Figure 2 Shown according to Figure 1 1. The axle 2 also has a brake disc 7 fixed to a hub 6 and at least one brake saddle 8 at its opposite end 5. The hub 6 has a hub collar 6a which at least partially protrudes from the brake disc 7.

[0130] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device 1 has a plurality of detection mechanisms 9, which are designed as tactile sensors in this embodiment for tactilely detecting geometric parameters of the wheel axle 2, in particular the toe angle and the camber angle. Figures 3 to 8 The receiving device 4 shown separately in the figure has a first track arrangement 10 in the Y-axis direction and a second track arrangement 11 in the X-axis direction. The receiving device 4 can be guided to the axle 2 through the track arrangements 10 and 11. The two receiving devices 4 are constructed in the same way.

[0131] Each receiving device 4 has a fixing area 12 for fixing one end 5 of the wheel axle 2. The fixing area 12 cooperates with the wheel hub 6 and / or with the brake disc 7 in the holding state for fixing. The fixing area 12 can be spherically rotated at least partially about an axis A parallel to the Y axis.

[0132] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Shown according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first embodiment of the receiving device 4 of the device 1 of the invention. The fastening region 12 of the receiving device 4 is at least partially rotatably supported by two arched supporting surfaces 13 that can move relative to each other. The supporting surfaces 13 are spherical and are designed to correspond to each other. The fastening region 12 has a joint 14. The first supporting surface 13a of the two supporting surfaces 13 is formed on the joint 14, that is, as an outer circumferential surface. The hub shell 15 surrounds the joint 14. The hub shell 15 is indirectly rotatably supported on the first supporting surface 13a.

[0133] The fastening region 12 also has a receiving shaft 16 and a centering pin 17. The receiving shaft 16 extends along the axis A. The hub cup 15 surrounds the centering pin 17 in an annular manner so that the wheel hub 6, in particular with its hub collar 6a, can be at least partially rotatably received in a receiving gap 18 between the hub cup 15 and the centering pin 17. When the hub collar 6a enters the receiving gap 18 in the retained state, the first bearing surface 13a at least partially enters the wheel hub 6. In the present embodiment, the receiving shaft 16 has an end-side recess 19, which prevents collisions with the screw heads of the drive shaft on the wheel axle 2.

[0134] The receiving shaft 16 is supported in a bearing sleeve 20. The receiving shaft 16 is fixed in the receiving opening 22 by means of a bolt 21. The bearing sleeve 20 and the stop ring 23 abut against a stop edge 24.

[0135] The centering pin 17 is designed in such a way that its end region 25 spaced apart from the end face has at least one rotating ring 26 . The rotating ring 26 supports the introduction of the hub 6 into the receiving gap 18 .

[0136] The centering pin 17 is designed to taper from the rotating ring 26 in the direction away from the end region 25 and in the direction of the end region 25. Therefore, the rotating ring 26 always protrudes in an annular projection. As a result, the hub collar 6a is advantageously guided into the receiving gap 18 during guidance.

[0137] In this embodiment, the hub shell 15 is fixedly connected to the centering pin 17 via a fixing ring 27. The fixing ring 27 is bolted to the hub shell 15, wherein the centering pin 17 is clamped between the hub shell 15 and the fixing ring 27. Therefore, the centering pin 17 always rotates with the hub shell 15.

[0138] To simplify assembly, the centering pin 17 is designed in multiple parts and has a centering pin outer element 17a and a centering pin inner element 17b. The second bearing surface 13b of the two bearing surfaces 13 is designed as an inner circumferential surface on the centering pin 17, in particular on the centering pin inner element 17b. The receiving shaft 16 has a flexible joint 14, so that the centering pin 17 and the second bearing surface 13b are rotatably held on the first bearing surface 13a on the flexible joint 14 of the centering pin 17. The first bearing surface 13a and the second bearing surface 13b slide against each other during the movement.

[0139] The union 14 is formed by a union sleeve 14a which is pushed onto the receiving shaft 16 with a precise fit and rests against the end collar 28 of the centering pin 17. In the illustrated assembled state, the union outer element 14a is clamped between the end collar 28 and the bearing sleeve 20.

[0140] It is also provided that the centering pin inner element 17b and the articulated joint 14, in particular the articulated joint outer element 14a, are parts of a prefabricated spherical bearing which is placed on the receiving shaft 16 and inserted into the centering pin outer element 17a. The spherical bearing comprises a first bearing surface 13a and a second bearing surface 13b.

[0141] Figure 5 and Figure 6 Shown according to Figure 1 An alternative embodiment of the receiving device 4 of the device 1. This embodiment also has a joint 14, on which the first bearing surface 13a of the two bearing surfaces 13 is constructed. The joint 14 is pot-shaped and in this case the inner circumference of the first bearing surface 13a is constructed.

[0142] In the present embodiment, the hub shell 15 of the fixing area 12 is directly rotatably held on the first bearing surface 13a. The second bearing surface 13b of the two bearing surfaces 13 is formed directly on the hub shell 15 as an outer circumferential surface. Therefore, the hub shell 15 is directly supported on the joint 14 of the first bearing surface 13a. The joint 14 at least partially surrounds the centering pin 17.

[0143] The fastening region 12 has a receiving shaft 16 and a centering pin 17. The receiving shaft 16 is formed integrally with at least a part of the union 14 and extends along the axis A. The union 14 has a union outer element 14a and an inner union sleeve 14b. In this case, the first bearing surface 13a is arranged on the inner union sleeve 14b of the union 14.

[0144] The internal joint sleeve 14b is constructed in two parts relative to its circumference, for example, divided into two halves, so that it can be assembled on the second bearing surface 13b. The two parts of the internal joint sleeve 14b are separately bolted to the joint outer element 14a. With its two-part design, the internal joint sleeve 14b simplifies the assembly of the joint 14, especially the arrangement of the second bearing surface 13b on the first bearing surface 13a.

[0145] The hub cap 15 surrounds the centering pin 17 so that the wheel hub 6, in particular its hub collar 6a, can be at least partially rotatably accommodated in the accommodation gap 18 between the centering pin 17 and the hub cap 15. In the present embodiment, the centering pin 17 is not rotatably configured, but is rigidly bolted to the accommodation shaft 16. The hub cap 15 is only rotatably held around the centering pin 17. The hub cap 15 is rotatably held on the first bearing surface 13a with the second bearing surface 13b relative to the centering pin 17.

[0146] The centering pin 17 has a groove 19 at the end, which serves as a space for the screw of the drive shaft in the holding state in the wheel hub 6. In the present embodiment, the centering pin 17 is formed in one piece. The receiving shaft 16 is fixed in the receiving opening 22 by means of screws 21.

[0147] In the present embodiment, the centering pin 17 has a rotating ring 26, wherein the centering pin 17 is designed to taper from the rotating ring 26 in the direction of the end region 25 on the end side and in the direction away from the end region 25 on the end side. Therefore, the rotating ring 26 always protrudes. The wheel hub 6 is accommodated in the receiving gap 18 between the wheel hub shell 15 and the centering pin 17 in the retained state. If the toe angle or the camber angle of the wheel axle 2, that is, the wheel hub 6, changes, the first bearing surface 13a and the second bearing surface 13b will rotate relative to each other in order to guide the wheel hub shell 15 again for fixing.

[0148] Figure 7 Shown according to Figure 1 Another alternative embodiment of the receiving device 4 of the device 1. This embodiment also has a joint 14, on which the first bearing surface 13a of the two bearing surfaces 13 is constructed. The joint 14 is pot-shaped and the inner circumference of the first bearing surface 13a is constructed.

[0149] In this embodiment, the hub shell 15 of the fixing area 12 is directly rotatably held on the first bearing surface 13a. The second bearing surface 13b of the two bearing surfaces 13 is formed directly on the hub shell 15 as an outer circumferential surface. Therefore, the hub shell 15 is directly supported on the joint 14 of the first bearing surface 13a.

[0150] The fastening region 12 has a receiving shaft 16 and a centering pin 17. The receiving shaft 16 is formed integrally with at least a part of the union 14 and extends along the axis A. The union 14 has a union outer element 14a and an inner union sleeve 14b. The union outer element 14a is formed integrally with the receiving shaft 16. In this case, the first bearing surface 13a is arranged on the inner union sleeve 14b of the union 14.

[0151] The internal joint sleeve 14b is constructed in two parts relative to its circumference, for example, divided into two halves, so that it can be assembled on the second bearing surface 13b. The two parts of the internal joint sleeve 14b are separately bolted to the joint outer element 14a. With its two-part design, the internal joint sleeve 14b simplifies the assembly of the joint 14, especially the arrangement of the second bearing surface 13b on the first bearing surface 13a.

[0152] The hub cap 15 surrounds the centering pin 17 so that the wheel hub 6, in particular its hub collar 6a, can be at least partially rotatably accommodated in the accommodation gap 18 between the centering pin 17 and the hub cap 15. In the present embodiment, the hub cap 15 is designed to be closed in the direction of the accommodation axis 16. The centering pin 17 is screwed to the hub cap 15 so that it can rotate together with the hub cap 15. The hub cap 15 is rotatably held on the first bearing surface 13a with the second bearing surface 13b. The centering pin 17 is only used to introduce the wheel hub 6 into the accommodation gap 18. Therefore, an embodiment without the centering pin 17 is also provided.

[0153] The centering pin 17 has a groove 19 at the end, which prevents collision with the nut of the drive shaft in the hub 6 in the holding state. In the present embodiment, the centering pin 17 is formed in one piece. The receiving shaft 16 is fixed in the receiving opening 22 by means of a screw 21.

[0154] In the present exemplary embodiment, the centering pin 17 has a rotating ring 26, wherein the centering pin 17 is designed to taper from the rotating ring 26 in the direction of the end region 25 and in the direction facing away from the end region 25. The rotating ring 26 therefore always protrudes.

[0155] The wheel hub 6 is received in the receiving gap 18 between the wheel hub shell 15 and the centering pin 17 in the retained state. If the toe angle or camber angle of the wheel axle 2, that is, the wheel hub 6, changes, the first support surface 13a and the second support surface 13b will rotate relative to each other so as to guide the wheel hub shell 15 again for fixing.

[0156] Figure 8 Shown according to Figure 1 A sectional view of another embodiment of the receiving device 4 of the device 1.

[0157] This exemplary embodiment also has a union 14, on which the first bearing surface 13a of the two bearing surfaces 13 is formed. The union 14 is cup-shaped and forms the inner circumference of the first bearing surface 13a.

[0158] The fastening region 12 has a receiving shaft 16. The receiving shaft 16 is formed integrally with at least a part of the union 14 and, in particular, extends symmetrically along the axis A. The union 14 has a union outer element 14a and an inner union sleeve 14b. The union outer element 14a is preferably formed integrally with the receiving shaft 16. In this case, the first bearing surface 13a is arranged on the inner union sleeve 14b of the union 14. In the cross section shown, the first bearing surface 13a is spherical.

[0159] The second bearing surface 13b of the two bearing surfaces 13 is formed as an outer circumferential surface on the hub shell 15a of the hub shell 15. The hub shell 15a is mounted on a rod 36 of the hub shell 15. The hub shell 15 of the fixing region 12 is thus rotatably held on the first bearing surface 13a. The rod 36 extends into the articulation 14. Preferably, the rod 36 extends further into the articulation 14 than the hub shell 15a. The hub shell 15a is pushed onto the rod 36 and fixed thereto by a safety mechanism 37, which is designed here as a safety ring. The safety mechanism 37 is held at least in a positively locking manner in a groove 38 on the rod 36.

[0160] The hub cap 15 is supported on the articulated joint 14 via a second support surface 13b on the hub cap sleeve 15a on a first support surface 13a of the built-in articulated joint sleeve 14b. The hub cap 15 has a contact surface 15b on the hub cap disk 35, adjoining the rod 36 extending in the direction of the articulated joint 14. The ratio of the radius r of the first support surface 13a at the intersection with the rotation center of the two support surfaces 13, i.e. the vertex of the first support surface 13a, to the distance a from the rotation center to the contact surface 15b along the axis A is approximately r / a=1.67 in this embodiment. Preferably, the ratio r / a is between 1 and 2, in particular between 1.4 and 1.8.

[0161] In the present embodiment, the built-in joint sleeve 14b is narrower than the hub cover sleeve 15a. Preferably, the built-in joint sleeve 14b is constructed in two parts with respect to its circumference, for example, divided into two halves, so that it can be assembled on the second bearing surface 13b. The built-in joint sleeve 14b is introduced into the corresponding groove 30 so that it abuts against the side wall 31 of the groove 30. Advantageously, the built-in joint sleeve 14b has a groove 29. The joint 14, in particular the joint outer element 14a, the through bolt - not shown - is introduced into the groove 29 in order to fix the built-in joint sleeve 14b in the joint 14, in particular the joint outer element 14a.

[0162] In the present embodiment, the wheel hub 6, in particular with its hub collar 6a, can extend into the hub shell 15, that is, into the sleeve 34. In particular, for the installation of the hub collar, the hub shell 15 preferably has a tapered region 32 with two guide bevels 33. The tapered region 32 locally reduces the inner diameter of the sleeve 34 in the hub shell 15. The sleeve 34 is formed in a rod 36 of the hub shell 15. In the present embodiment, the hub shell 15 is open in the direction of receiving the shaft 16. It is also provided that the sleeve 34 only partially passes through the rod 36 of the hub shell.

[0163] Particularly preferably, the built-in articulated sleeve 14b and the hub cover sleeve 15a are constructed as prefabricated spherical bearings. The prefabricated spherical bearings include a first bearing surface 13a and a second bearing surface 13b. Similarly, the radially outer portion of the spherical bearing, which includes the first bearing surface 13a, is regarded as a part of the articulated joint 14, that is, as a part of the hub cover 15, that is, as a part of the hub cover 15, that is, as a part of the hub cover 15. The spherical bearing is arranged on the rod 36 of the hub cover 15 for assembly and is fixed with the safety mechanism 37.

[0164] The receiving shaft 16 is fixed in the receiving opening 22 by bolts 21. If the toe angle or camber angle of the axle 2, that is, the wheel hub 6, changes, the first support surface 13a and the second support surface 13b will rotate relative to each other so as to guide the hub cover 15 for fixing.

[0165] In order to detect the abutment of the brake disc on the abutment surface 15b, the fixing area 12 has an abutment ring 39. Preferably, the abutment ring 39 is elastically supported on the wheel hub shell 15. The abutment ring 39 protrudes from the abutment surface 15b so that it can move along its entire circumference, especially parallel to the axis A, when it correctly abuts against the brake disc. The range of movement of the abutment ring can be detected by at least two, in particular at least four, at least six or at least eight sensors, so that the correct abutment of the brake disc on the abutment surface 15b can be detected by the sensors. If the abutment ring 39 is unevenly moved by the brake disc or only moves along a part of its circumference along the axis A, it can be clearly seen that the brake disc is not correctly abutted. Preferably, the sensor is arranged on a counter ring 40 rigidly connected to the wheel hub shell 15.

[0166] The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and described, but includes all embodiments having the same effect in the sense of the invention. It is explicitly emphasized that the embodiments are not limited to all combinations of features; on the contrary, each individual sub-feature can also have an inventive significance in itself independent of all other sub-features. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the combination of features defined in claim 1, but can also be defined by any other combination of certain features of all the individual features disclosed. This means that in principle every individual feature of claim 1 can be omitted or replaced by at least one individual feature disclosed in the rest of the application.

Claims

1. A device (1) for measuring at least the geometry of a motor vehicle axle (2), comprising at least two receiving devices (4) for fixing opposite ends (5) of the axle (2), and at least one detection device (9) for detecting at least one geometric parameter of the axle (2), wherein the receiving devices (4) are held movably in at least two spatial directions (X, Y), wherein each receiving device (4) has at least one fixing region (12) for fixing one end (5) of the axle (2), wherein: At least the fastening region (12) of the receiving device (4) is at least partially rotatably supported by at least two curved supporting surfaces (13) that are movable relative to one another, and the fastening region is designed such that it at least partially accommodates a wheel hub.

2. The device (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fastening region (12) has at least one articulation (14), on which a first bearing surface (13a) of the two bearing surfaces (13) is formed.

3. The device (1) according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The hub cup (15) of the fastening region (12) is at least indirectly rotatably held on the first bearing surface (13a).

4. The device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, It is characterized in that The union (14) is constructed in multiple parts.

5. The device (1) according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The first support surface (13a) is arranged in such a way that, at least in the retained state, the first support surface (13a) at least partially penetrates into a hub (6) of the axle (2) or at least partially overlaps a hub (6) of the axle (2).

6. The device (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that At least a portion of the fixing area (12) is rotatably held.

7. The device (1) according to claim 6, It is characterized in that At least a portion of the fixing region (12) is actively rotatably held.

8. The device (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fastening region (12) has at least one receiving shaft (16).

9. The device (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fastening region (12) has at least one centering pin (17), and the hub shell (15) surrounds the centering pin (17) in an annular manner, so that the wheel hub (6) can be accommodated between the centering pin (17) and the hub shell (15).

10. The device (1) according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The fastening region (12) has at least one centering pin (17), and the hub shell (15) surrounds the centering pin (17) in an annular manner, so that the wheel hub (6) can be accommodated between the centering pin (17) and the hub shell (15) in an at least partially rotatable manner.

11. The device (1) according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The centering pin (17) has at least one end-side groove (19) or is designed in multiple parts.

12. The device (1) according to claim 9 or 11, It is characterized in that The centering pin (17) has at least one rotating ring (26) at a distance from an end region (25) on the end side, and the centering pin (17) is designed to taper from the rotating ring (26) in the direction of the end region (25).

13. The device (1) according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The second bearing surface (13b) of the two bearing surfaces (13) is constructed as an inner circumferential surface on a centering pin (17), and the receiving shaft (16) has a movable joint (14) so ​​that the centering pin (17) can rotate on the movable joint (14) of the receiving shaft (16).

14. The device (1) according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The hub cover (15) is connected to the centering pin (17).

15. The device (1) according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The second bearing surface (13b) of the two bearing surfaces (13) is formed on the hub shell (15), and the hub shell (15) is directly supported on the articulated joint (14).

16. The device (1) according to claim 15, It is characterized in that The movable joint (14) has a built-in movable joint sleeve (14b), and the built-in movable joint sleeve (14b) surrounds the hub cover (15).

17. The device (1) according to claim 15 or 16, It is characterized in that The hub cap (15) has at least one hub cap sleeve (15a), and the second support surface (13b) is formed on the hub cap sleeve (15a).

18. The device (1) according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The first supporting surface (13a) is an outer circumferential surface or an inner circumferential surface.

19. The device (1) according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The receiving shaft (16) has a recess (19) at the end, or the receiving shaft (16) is supported in a bearing sleeve (20).

20. The device (1) according to claim 15, It is characterized in that The second supporting surface (13b) serves as an outer circumferential surface.

21. The device (1) according to claim 15, It is characterized in that The hub cover (15) is supported on the inner circumferential surface of the movable joint (14).

22. The device (1) according to claim 15, It is characterized in that The movable joint (14) at least partially surrounds the second supporting surface (13b).

23. The device (1) according to claim 17, It is characterized in that The hub cover (15a) is an external hub cover (15a).

24. A receiving device (4) for fixing at least one opposite end (5) of an axle (2), The receiving device (4) is held movably in at least two spatial directions (X, Y), the receiving device (4) having at least one fastening region (12) for fastening one end (5) of the wheel axle (2), at least the fastening region (12) of the receiving device (4) being at least partially rotatably supported by at least two mutually movable, arched support surfaces (13), and The fastening region is designed in such a way that it at least partially accommodates the wheel hub.

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