Ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device and method for laser wire feeding cladding forming

Abstract

An ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming includes a platform moving mechanism, a laser working mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism and a platform control center; the platform moving mechanism is a movable platform; the laser working mechanism includes a laser cladding head, and the laser cladding head emits laser to perform cladding processing on the workpiece; the wire feeding mechanism includes a wire guide tube and a wire feeding nozzle, and the wire enters the nozzle through the wire guide tube and is then led out from the wire feeding nozzle; the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is arranged in the wire feeding nozzle and is located on both sides of the wire, so that the wire generates high-frequency vibration, thereby coupling to the molten pool generated by the laser beam. The present invention also provides a method for an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming. The present invention combines ultrasonic vibration with wire feeding and applies it to the laser cladding forming process, and improves the surface forming effect of the cladding layer by using the auxiliary effect of ultrasonic vibration, improves the process quality, and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of laser wire feeding cladding, laser surface modification and laser surface repair, and in particular to an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device and method for laser wire feeding cladding forming. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an advanced thermal processing manufacturing technology. It uses a high-density laser beam to pre-process and remove and reconstruct the local parts around the defects of damaged parts. The laser cladding technology is used to deposit and repair the reconstructed area layer by layer to achieve the reuse of damaged parts. This technology can give full play to the respective advantages of the base material and the cladding material. According to the service environment and performance requirements of the parts, the repair area that meets the requirements can be designed to make up for the shortcomings of each other. After repairing the damaged parts using this technology, the size of the repaired parts is restored, and some performance recovery is even higher than the original. It has unique advantages such as a wide range of applicable materials, high degree of flexibility, and moldless near-net forming, and has good development prospects. However, due to the process specificity of this technology and the complexity of the solidification mechanism, it still faces great challenges and there are many problems that need to be solved.

[0003] Due to its rapid cooling and rapid solidification forming characteristics, the composite coating may still have some defects, common defects include cracks, pores, etc. The essence of pores is the bubbles that remain inside the liquid metal during solidification and fail to escape in time. It is a microscopic defect. The existence of pores will seriously affect the corrosion resistance and tensile properties of the repaired area, and the service life of the parts will be greatly reduced. Moreover, the area where pores exist is prone to stress concentration and cracks. Similarly, cracks are also serious process defects in laser remanufacturing, which are caused by the combined effect of factors such as plastic reserve in the cladding layer, stress state and gas content in the coating. The existence of cracks will greatly affect the tensile and fatigue properties of the workpiece.

[0004] It can be seen that in order to truly and effectively apply laser cladding technology to the field of metal processing and promote it to industrial application, it is necessary to control defects such as poor fusion in laser forming, reduce residual stress, and obtain laser repair and remanufactured parts with uniform structure and excellent mechanical properties. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device and method for laser wire feeding cladding forming.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming, comprising a platform moving mechanism, a laser working mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism and a platform control center;

[0007] The platform moving mechanism is a movable platform, which is electrically connected to a platform control center, and the platform control center controls the moving distance, direction and speed of the movable platform; a workpiece is fixed on the movable platform, and a laser working mechanism and a wire are arranged above the workpiece;

[0008] The laser working mechanism comprises a laser cladding head and a connecting rod, wherein the connecting rod is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the hollow cylindrical structure is used for laser energy transmission; the bottom of the connecting rod is connected to the laser cladding head, and the laser cladding head is vertically perpendicular to the top of the workpiece, and the laser cladding head emits laser to perform cladding processing on the workpiece; the laser cladding head is also connected to an argon protection bottle through a pipeline, and the protection gas in the argon protection bottle is output downward from the cladding head through the pipeline;

[0009] The wire feeding mechanism comprises a wire guide tube and a wire feeding nozzle. The end of the wire guide tube is connected to the wire feeding nozzle. The wire is wound on a disc, and the disc is driven by a motor to rotate and transport the wire forward. The wire enters the wire feeding nozzle through the wire guide tube and is then led out from the wire feeding nozzle.

[0010] The ultrasonic vibration mechanism is arranged in the wire feeding nozzle and is located on both sides of the wire material. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes a shell, a matching layer, a piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer, a backing, a lead-out cable and a Cymbal array receiver. The bottom of the shell is provided with a backing, and the top of the backing is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer, a Cymbal array receiver and a matching layer in sequence. The lead-out cable of the Cymbal array receiver is led out through the side wall of the wire feeding nozzle and connected to an alternating power supply; the piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer is used as a basic ultrasonic transducer to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals; the Cymbal array receiver is used as an ultrasonic receiver to receive Doppler echo signals outside the frequency band of the piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Grind the surface of the workpiece sample with coarse sandpaper, wipe the surface with ethanol to remove the surface oil, blow dry with a hair dryer and put it in an oven to dry for later use;

[0013] (2) Fix the workpiece sample on the platform moving mechanism;

[0014] (3) Load the wire material to be clad into the wire feeding mechanism, perform pre-wire feeding, pass the wire material through the wire feeding guide nozzle to the surface of the cladding workpiece, and stop wire feeding;

[0015] (4) Turn on the alternating drive power supply, adjust the power, drive the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to work, and make the wire material produce forced vibration;

[0016] (5) Adjust the platform moving mechanism and set its moving speed and direction;

[0017] (6) Turn on the platform moving mechanism, wire feeding mechanism, and laser working mechanism, and perform laser cladding processing on the surface of the workpiece sample, single-pass cladding. During the processing, turn on the argon protection bottle at the same time, and output the protection gas from the cladding head to protect the molten pool until the cladding is completed;

[0018] (7) After the vibration composite laser wire feeding cladding forming process is completed, the wire feeding is stopped, and the laser, protective gas cylinder, platform moving mechanism, wire feeding mechanism, and laser working mechanism are turned off.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The present invention utilizes ultrasonic vibration to make the wire generate high-frequency vibration, thereby coupling to the molten pool generated by the laser beam. The stirring and oscillating effects of the molten pool are utilized to directly act on the laser remanufacturing process, disrupt the primary dendrites in the metal forming process, increase the nucleation points, accelerate the diffusion of elements, improve the bonding performance between the wire and the matrix, reduce the generation of internal defects of the remanufactured parts, and obtain workpieces with excellent mechanical properties.

[0021] (2) The present invention is the first to add a vibration mechanism inside the wire feeding nozzle to apply forced vibration to the wire being transported. When the laser acts on the wire, a composite vibration energy field acts to achieve an effect that is superior to single laser repair, thereby broadening the method of on-site laser repair and remanufacturing of large workpieces.

[0022] (3) The present invention combines ultrasonic vibration with wire feeding for the first time in the laser cladding forming process, and utilizes the auxiliary effect of ultrasonic vibration to improve the surface forming effect of the cladding layer, improve the process quality, and reduce the manufacturing cost. The present invention is ingeniously designed, simple in structure, practical and convenient, and has broad application prospects. It is of great significance to promote the development and application of laser remanufacturing process devices and methods, thereby obtaining a high-efficiency, low-cost, high-quality processing method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front view of the internal structure of the wire feeding nozzle of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. platform moving mechanism, 2. workpiece, 3. argon protection bottle, 4. laser working mechanism, 5. wire feeding mechanism, 6. wire material, 7. platform control center, 8. ultrasonic vibration mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the first embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming, comprising a platform moving mechanism 1, an argon protection bottle 3, a laser working mechanism 4, a wire feeding mechanism 5, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 8 and a platform control center 7;

[0031] The platform moving mechanism 1 is a movable platform, which is electrically connected to a platform control center 7, and the platform control center 7 controls the moving distance, direction and speed of the movable platform; a workpiece 2 is fixed on the movable platform, and a laser working mechanism 4 and a wire 6 are arranged above the workpiece;

[0032] The laser working mechanism 4 includes a laser cladding head and a connecting rod. The connecting rod is a hollow cylindrical structure, which is used for laser energy transmission. The bottom of the connecting rod is connected to the laser cladding head, which is vertically perpendicular to the workpiece 2. The laser cladding head emits laser to perform cladding processing on the workpiece 2. The laser cladding head is also connected to the argon protection bottle 3 through a pipeline, and the protective gas in the argon protection bottle 3 is output downward from the cladding head through the pipeline. The wire feeding mechanism 5 includes a wire guide tube 5-1 and a wire feeding nozzle 5-2. The end of the wire guide tube 5-1 is connected to the wire feeding nozzle 5-2. The wire 6 is wound on a disc, and the disc is driven by a motor to rotate to continuously transport the wire 6 forward. The wire 6 enters the wire feeding nozzle 5-2 through the wire guide tube and is then output from the wire feeding nozzle 5-2.

[0033] The ultrasonic vibration mechanism 8 is arranged in the wire feeding nozzle 5-2 and is located on both sides of the wire 6. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism 8 includes a shell 8-1, a matching layer 8-5, a piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer 8-3, a backing 8-2, a lead-out cable 8-6 and a Cymbal array receiver 8-4. The bottom of the shell 8-1 is provided with a backing 8-2, and the upper part of the backing 8-2 is provided with an electric ceramic disc transducer 8-3, a Cymbal array receiver 8-4 and a matching layer 8-5 in sequence. The lead-out cable 8-6 of the Cymbal array receiver 8-4 is led out through the side wall of the wire feeding nozzle 5-2 and connected to the alternating power supply; the piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer 8-3 is used as a basic ultrasonic transducer, which transmits and receives ultrasonic signals; the Cymbal array receiver 8-4 is used as an ultrasonic receiver for receiving Doppler echo signals outside the frequency band of the piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer 8-3.

[0034] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for an ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming, comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) Grind the surface of the workpiece sample with coarse sandpaper, wipe the surface with ethanol to remove the surface oil, blow dry with a hair dryer and put it in an oven to dry for later use;

[0036] (2) Fix the workpiece sample on the platform moving mechanism;

[0037] (3) Load the wire material to be clad into the wire feeding mechanism, perform pre-wire feeding, pass the wire material through the wire feeding guide nozzle to the surface of the cladding workpiece, and stop wire feeding;

[0038] (4) Turn on the alternating drive power supply, adjust the power, drive the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to work, and make the wire material produce forced vibration;

[0039] (5) Adjust the platform moving mechanism and set its moving speed and direction;

[0040] (6) Turn on the platform moving mechanism, wire feeding mechanism, and laser working mechanism, and perform laser cladding processing on the surface of the workpiece sample, single-pass cladding. During the processing, turn on the argon protection bottle at the same time, and output the protection gas from the cladding head to protect the molten pool until the cladding is completed;

[0041] (7) After the vibration composite laser wire feeding cladding forming process is completed, the wire feeding is stopped, and the laser, protective gas cylinder, platform moving mechanism, wire feeding mechanism, and laser working mechanism are turned off.

[0042] The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also extends to the equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming, characterized in that: It comprises a platform moving mechanism (1), a laser working mechanism (4), a wire feeding mechanism (5), an ultrasonic vibration mechanism (8) and a platform control center (7); The platform moving mechanism (1) is a movable platform, the movable platform is electrically connected to a platform control center (7), and the platform control center (7) controls the moving distance, direction and speed of the movable platform; a workpiece (2) is fixed on the movable platform, and a laser working mechanism (4) and a wire (6) are provided above the workpiece (2); The laser working mechanism (4) comprises a laser cladding head and a connecting rod, the connecting rod being a hollow cylindrical structure, the hollow cylindrical structure being used for laser energy transmission; the bottom of the connecting rod is connected to the laser cladding head, the laser cladding head is vertically perpendicular to the top of the workpiece, and the laser cladding head emits laser to perform cladding processing on the workpiece (2); the laser cladding head is also connected to an argon protection bottle (3) via a pipeline, and the protection gas in the argon protection bottle (3) is output downward from the cladding head via the pipeline; The wire feeding mechanism (5) comprises a wire guide tube (5-1) and a wire feeding nozzle (5-2); the end of the wire guide tube (5-1) is connected to the wire feeding nozzle (5-2); the wire (6) is wound on a disc, and the disc is driven by a motor to rotate to transport the wire (6) forward; the wire (6) enters the wire feeding nozzle (5-2) through the wire guide tube and is then guided out by the wire feeding nozzle (5-2); The ultrasonic vibration mechanism (8) is arranged in the wire feeding nozzle (5-2) and is located on both sides of the wire (6). A gap exists between the ultrasonic vibration mechanism (8) and the wire (6). The ultrasonic vibration mechanism (8) comprises a housing (8-1), a matching layer (8-5), a piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer (8-3), a backing (8-2), a lead-out cable (8-6) and a Cymbal array receiver (8-4). The backing (8-2) is provided at the bottom of the housing (8-1), and an electric ceramic disc transducer (8-3) is provided above the backing (8-2). The invention relates to a device (8-3), a Cymbal array receiver (8-4) and a matching layer (8-5), wherein the lead-out cable (8-6) of the Cymbal array receiver (8-4) is led out through the side wall of the wire feeding nozzle (5-2) and connected to an alternating power supply; the piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer (8-3) is used as a basic ultrasonic transducer to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals; the Cymbal array receiver (8-4) is used as an ultrasonic receiver to receive Doppler echo signals outside the frequency band of the piezoelectric ceramic disc transducer (8-3).

2. The method for using the ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device for laser wire feeding cladding forming according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Grind the surface of the workpiece sample with coarse sandpaper, wipe the surface with ethanol to remove the surface oil, blow dry with a hair dryer and put it in an oven to dry for later use; (2) Fix the workpiece sample on the platform moving mechanism; (3) Load the wire material to be clad into the wire feeding mechanism, perform pre-wire feeding, pass the wire material through the wire feeding nozzle to the surface of the cladding workpiece, and stop wire feeding; (4) Turn on the alternating drive power supply, adjust the power, drive the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to work, and make the wire material produce forced vibration; (5) Adjust the platform moving mechanism and set its moving speed and direction; (6) Turn on the platform moving mechanism, wire feeding mechanism, and laser working mechanism, and perform laser cladding processing on the surface of the workpiece sample, single-pass cladding. During the processing, turn on the argon protection bottle at the same time, and output the protection gas from the cladding head to protect the molten pool until the cladding is completed; (7) After the vibration composite laser wire feeding cladding forming process is completed, the wire feeding is stopped, and the laser, protective gas cylinder, platform moving mechanism, wire feeding mechanism, and laser working mechanism are turned off.

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