A floating box type flap door and its automatic opening and closing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pontoon-type flap gate and a method for self-opening and closing the pontoon-type flap gate. The pontoon-type flap gate comprises a vertical mounting plate, a flow pipe that is transversely penetrated and fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, and a door plate that covers the outlet of the flow pipe; the door plate is sealed and matched with the flow pipe, a closed box is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the door plate, a swing arm is arranged on the outer side of the door plate, one end of the swing arm is fixedly connected to the door plate, and the other end is hinged to the mounting plate, and a slow-closing device for slowly closing the door plate is also arranged on the mounting plate, and the slow-closing device is arranged above the flow pipe. The present invention reduces the resistance when the door plate is opened, and when water flows through, the door plate can be flushed open by the water pressure of the gravity flow and the buoyancy of the pontoon to realize gravity drainage. After the drainage is completed, the water pressure of the river channel and the deadweight of the door plate are used to close the river channel water. Therefore, the present invention does not need to set an opening and closing mechanism, and does not need manual operation, which effectively solves the problems that the traditional through-dike culvert gate needs manual operation when opening and closing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, inconvenient to operate, and has a large engineering investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic facilities, and in particular to a buoyancy type flap door and a self-opening and closing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The culvert is a drainage structure within the dam, and the sluice is a water retaining and drainage device installed at the end of the culvert and built on the embankment. During the flood season, it cooperates with the river embankment to control the water flow.

[0003] At present, conventional through-dike culverts are generally equipped with gates and opening and closing mechanisms. When the opening and closing mechanism drives the gate to close, it blocks the river water in the dike and prevents the river water from flowing back into the pipeline, thus achieving flood control. After the opening and closing mechanism drives the gate to open, it can achieve drainage function during the flood season. Both drainage and flood control applications require manual operation of the gate opening and closing machine. Small gates can be controlled by manual opening and closing mechanisms, while large gates need to be equipped with electric opening and closing mechanisms due to the large resistance during opening and closing, which requires connection to a power supply. Therefore, the use of such gates is time-consuming and labor-intensive, inconvenient to operate, and requires large engineering investment.

[0004] The patent application with publication number CN208153822U discloses a culvert gate elevator, including a culvert gate body, a culvert gate, a winding drum, a winding motor, a chain, a gate slot, a heat preservation cover, a heat dissipation motor and a protective cover. It improves the heat dissipation performance of the culvert gate elevator, but requires manual operation. The culvert gate is opened and closed by controlling the winding motor, and a power supply needs to be connected. The structure is complex and the investment is large.

[0005] The patent application with publication number CN215593911U discloses a culvert gate structure, which includes a gate, a gate seat, a gate beam and a lifting device. A filtering device is arranged on one side of the gate, which improves the water quality downstream of the culvert gate and strengthens the environmental protection of the air and soil along the coast downstream of the culvert gate. However, the opening and closing of the gate cannot be realized automatically, and the lifting device needs to be manually operated for control. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a floating box type flap door and a method for automatically opening and closing the flap door, so as to realize the opening and closing of the flap door without manual operation.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A floating box type flap door includes a vertical mounting plate, a flow tube that passes horizontally and is fixed on the mounting plate, and a door plate covering the outlet of the flow tube; the door plate is sealed with the flow tube, a closed box is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the door plate, a swing arm is arranged on the outer side of the door plate, one end of the swing arm is fixedly connected to the door plate, and the other end is hinged to the mounting plate, and a slow-closing device for slowly closing the door plate is also arranged on the mounting plate, and the slow-closing device is arranged above the flow tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the slow closing device is a buffer arranged between the mounting plate and the swing arm, and the buffer includes a cylinder, a slider arranged in the cylinder, a first end cover fixedly arranged at one end of the cylinder, a second end cover fixedly arranged at the other end of the cylinder, and a pull rod slidably connected to the first end cover; the slider is clearance-matched with the cylinder, the pull rod is sealingly matched with the first end cover, one end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the slider, the other end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of the swing arm, the second end cover is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the cylinder is filled with oil.

[0010] Furthermore, the cylinder wall of the cylinder is provided with a second hole near the first end cover, the cylinder wall of the cylinder is provided with a first hole near the second end cover, a connecting pipe connecting the first hole and the second hole is provided outside the cylinder, and a valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the portion of the slider close to the first end cover is in an outer cone shape, and the inner wall of the cylinder close to the first end cover is in an inner cone shape for cooperating with the slider.

[0012] Furthermore, a blind hole is provided at one end of the pull rod away from the slider, a slide rod slidably connected to the pull rod is provided in the blind hole, a notch is provided on the side wall of the blind hole, a cylindrical pin slidably matched with the pull rod is provided in the notch, the cylindrical pin is fixedly connected to the slide rod, one end of the slide rod away from the pull rod is rotatably connected to the swing arm, a first spring is provided between the slider and the first end cover, and the first spring is sleeved on the pull rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the slow-closing device is a disc-shaped damper fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the housing of the disc-shaped damper is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a hinge shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the swing arm away from the door panel, the hinge shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, a first tooth plate is slidably connected to the hinge shaft, the first tooth plate is meshed with a second tooth plate, the second tooth plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the disc-shaped damper, and a second spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft for pressing the first tooth plate against the second tooth plate; when the door panel is opened, the first tooth plate is driven to rotate, causing the first tooth plate to slip on the second tooth plate, and when the door panel is closed, the first tooth plate drives the second tooth plate to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, the door panel is provided with a water injection plug for injecting water into the box body and a water discharge plug for draining the water in the box body.

[0015] Furthermore, a bushing is embedded in the flow tube, and the bushing is detachably connected to the flow tube.

[0016] A method for self-opening and closing of a floating box flap door comprises an opening step and a closing step. The opening step comprises: firstly, drain water enters a flow pipe and flows toward a door plate. Under the action of the drain water, a box body generates buoyancy to act on the door plate. Then, under the combined action of the impact of the drain water and the buoyancy of the box body, the door plate automatically opens and the drain water flows into a river. The closing step comprises: under the action of the water pressure of the river and the gravity of the door plate, the door plate automatically closes to block the water in the river. Under the action of a slow-closing device, the door plate slowly closes.

[0017] Furthermore, when the slow-closing device is a buffer, when the door panel is opened, the sliding rod slides along the pull rod, so that the door panel opens quickly. When the door panel is closed, the swing arm pulls the pull rod and the slider to slide in the cylinder. The oil in the cylinder flows along the gap between the slider and the cylinder to play a damping role. When the slider approaches the inner conical surface of the cylinder, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the oil flowing between the cylinder and the slider gradually becomes smaller, so that the damping effect gradually becomes larger, and the closing speed of the door panel is from fast to slow; when the slow-closing device is a disc damper, when the door panel is opened, it drives the first tooth plate to rotate, causing the first tooth plate to slip on the second tooth plate, so that the door panel opens quickly. When the door panel is closed, the first tooth plate drives the second tooth plate to rotate, and under the action of the disc damper, the door panel closes slowly.

[0018] The positive effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention is provided with a flow pipe and a door panel, and a box is provided on the door panel. Under the buoyancy of the box, the resistance when the door panel is opened is reduced. When water flows through, the door panel can be opened by the water pressure of the gravity flow and the buoyancy of the floating box to achieve gravity drainage. After drainage, the river water pressure and the deadweight of the door panel are used to close the river water. Therefore, the present invention does not need to set up an opening and closing mechanism, and does not require manual operation, which effectively solves the problem that the traditional dike-penetrating culvert gate needs manual operation when opening and closing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, inconvenient to operate, and has a large engineering investment.

[0020] 2. The present invention is provided with a slow closing device, which is a buffer or a disc damper. Under the action of the slow closing device, the door panel slowly closes, avoiding the impact with the sealing gasket and the flow pipe, extending the service life of the sealing gasket between the door panel and the flow pipe, and reducing noise.

[0021] 3. When the slow-closing device is a buffer, the closing speed of the door panel can be adjusted.

[0022] 4. The door panel is provided with a water filling plug and a water drain plug. Unscrew the water filling plug to fill water into the box, or unscrew the waterproof plug to drain the water in the box. The water amount in the box can be adjusted, thereby increasing the downward force applied to the door panel, thereby adjusting the closing speed of the door panel and the adhesion between the door panel and the sealing gasket, so that the force for opening and closing the door panel can be adjusted.

[0023] 5. The present invention is provided with a bushing, which can be replaced after being worn as a wearing part, thereby eliminating the need to replace the flow tube, thereby extending the overall service life of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Left side view of the middle disc damper;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 3;

[0029] Figure 6 is a usage diagram of Example 1;

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1. Mounting plate; 2. Flow pipe; 3. Hinge shaft; 4. Second lug; 5. Buffer; 6. Third lug; 7. Swing arm; 8. Gasket; 9. Door plate; 10. Box body; 11. Fifth lug; 12. First hole; 13. Joint; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Valve; 16. Cylinder body; 17. Second hole; 18. First end cover; 19. Fourth lug; 20. Slide bar; 21. Notch; 22. Cylindrical pin; 23. Blind hole; 24. Pull rod; 25. Sealing ring; 26. First spring; 27. Slider; 28. Second end cover; 29. ​​Disc damper; 30. Second tooth plate; 31. First tooth plate; 32. Second spring; 33. Baffle; 34. First lug; 35. Dam body; 36. First tooth; 37. Second tooth; 38. Bushing; 39. First oil chamber; 40. Second oil chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, a floating box type flap door and a method for self-opening and closing thereof, comprising a vertical rectangular mounting plate 1, a cylindrical flow tube 2 which is transversely penetrated and fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 1, and a door plate 9 covering the outlet of the flow tube 2. The door plate 9 is sealed with the flow tube 2 through a sealing gasket 8 embedded on the right end surface of the flow tube 2, a closed circular box 10 is welded on the inner side of the door plate 9, a 7-shaped swing arm 7 is arranged on the outer side of the door plate 9, a reinforcing rib is welded on the outer side of the door plate 9, the lower end of the swing arm 7 is welded on the reinforcing rib, the left end of the swing arm 7 is hinged with a first lug 34 welded on the mounting plate 1, and a slow closing device for slowly closing the door plate 9 is also arranged on the mounting plate 1, and the slow closing device is arranged above the flow tube 2.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, the mounting plate 1 is cast in the dam body 35 of the dam, with the river channel on the right side. The drain water on the left side of the dam body 35 enters the flow pipe 2 and flows rightward into the river channel. Under the buoyancy of the box body 10, the resistance when the door panel 9 is opened is reduced. When the water flows through, the door panel 9 can be opened by the water pressure of the gravity flow and the buoyancy of the floating box to realize gravity drainage. After the drainage is completed, the water pressure of the river channel and the deadweight of the door panel 9 are used to close the river channel water. Under the action of the slow closing device, the door panel 9 closes slowly, avoiding the impact with the sealing gasket 8 and the flow pipe 2, extending the service life of the sealing gasket 8 and reducing noise.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, when in use, the mounting plate 1 and the flow pipe 2 are cast into the concrete of the dam body 35 , so that the present invention is reliably connected to the dam body 35 .

[0036] The present invention does not need to set up an opening and closing mechanism and does not require manual operation, which effectively solves the problem that the traditional dike-penetrating culvert gate needs manual operation when opening and closing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, inconvenient to operate, and requires large engineering investment.

[0037] The closed box 10 is arranged in the flow pipe 2 on the left side of the door panel 9. When the door panel 9 is closed, the water in the river channel on the right side of the door panel 9 exerts a leftward pressure on the door panel 9. Under the combined effect of the gravity and pressure of the door panel 9 and the box 10, the door panel 9 is pressed against the sealing pad 8 to prevent the backflow of river water. Therefore, the present invention reduces the opening resistance of the door panel 9 and prevents the backflow of river water by relying on the water pressure in the river channel and the deadweight of the door panel 9.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the slow closing device is a buffer 5 arranged between the mounting plate 1 and the swing arm 7, and the buffer 5 includes a cylindrical barrel 16, a cylindrical slider 27 arranged in the barrel 16, a circular first end cover 18 fixedly arranged at the right end of the barrel 16 by screws, a circular second end cover 28 fixedly arranged at the left end of the barrel 16 by screws, and a pull rod 24 that is transversely penetrated and slidably connected with the first end cover 18. The barrel 16 is filled with oil, the outer circle of the slider 27 and the inner circle of the barrel 16 are clearance-matched, a sealing ring 25 is arranged between the pull rod 24 and the first end cover 18, the left end of the pull rod 24 is fixedly connected with the slider 27, and a fifth lug 11 is welded on the left side of the second end cover 28, and the fifth lug 11 is hinged with the second lug 4 welded on the mounting plate 1.

[0039] A blind hole 23 is axially arranged in the right part of the pull rod 24, a slide bar 20 is arranged in the blind hole 23 and is slidably connected to the pull rod 24, a notch 21 is arranged on the side wall of the blind hole 23, a cylindrical pin 22 is arranged in the notch 21 and is slidably matched to the pull rod 24, the cylindrical pin 22 is interference-connected with the slide bar 20, a fourth lug 19 is welded to the right end of the slide bar 20, a third lug 6 is welded obliquely from above to the shaft of the swing arm 7, and the fourth lug 19 is hinged to the third lug 6. A first spring 26 is arranged between the slider 27 and the first end cover 18, and the first spring 26 is sleeved on the pull rod 24.

[0040] The right part of the slider 27 is an outer cone, and the inner wall of the right part of the cylinder 16 is an inner cone for matching with the slider 27. The part of the cylinder 16 located on the left side of the slider 27 is a first oil chamber 39, and the part of the cylinder 16 located on the right side of the slider 27 is a second oil chamber 40.

[0041] When the door panel 9 is closed, the swing arm 7 drives the pull rod 24 to move rightward, and the oil in the second oil chamber 40 flows into the first oil chamber 39 through the gap between the slider 27 and the cylinder 16, playing a damping role. When the conical surface of the right part of the slider 27 gradually approaches the conical surface in the cylinder 16, the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil flowing between the cylinder 16 and the slider 27 gradually decreases, so the resistance when the pull rod 24 pulls the slider 27 gradually increases, that is, the damping effect is from small to large, so the closing speed of the door panel 9 is from fast to slow. Therefore, the noise when the door panel 9 is closed is reduced, and the service life of the flow tube 2, the sealing gasket 8 and the door panel 9 is extended.

[0042] When the door panel 9 is opened, the slide bar 20 slides along the pull rod 24, so that the door panel 9 is opened quickly, so that the water flows quickly from left to right in the flow pipe 2 and flows out from the right end of the flow pipe 2. Then, under the action of the first spring 26, the slider 27 moves slowly to the left to prepare for the closing of the door panel 9. Therefore, the present invention achieves the effect of fast opening and slow closing, which not only realizes rapid drainage, but also reduces the impact force between the door panel 9 and the sealing gasket 8, prolongs the service life of the sealing gasket 8, and reduces the noise when the door panel 9 is closed.

[0043] The cylinder wall of the cylinder 16 is provided with a second hole 17 near the right end, and the cylinder wall of the cylinder 16 is provided with a first hole 12 near the right end. Joints 13 are screwed on the outside of the cylinder 16 at the positions of the first hole 12 and the second hole 17, and a connecting pipe 14 is provided between the two joints. The connecting pipe connects the first oil chamber 39 and the second oil chamber 40, and a valve 15 is provided on the connecting pipe 14.

[0044] A portion of the oil flows from the second oil chamber 40 to the first oil chamber 39 through the connecting pipe 14, and the flow rate of this portion of the oil can be adjusted using the valve 15, so that the closing speed and closing time of the door panel 9 can be adjusted.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0047] like Figure 3 The slow closing device shown is a disc damper 29 fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1, the outer shell of the disc damper 29 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1, and a hinge shaft 3 is fixedly provided on the upper left end of the swing arm 7, and the hinge shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the first lug 34.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, a disc-shaped first tooth plate 31 is provided on the hinge shaft 3, and the first tooth plate 31 and the hinge shaft 3 are slidably matched, and the first tooth plate 31 and the hinge shaft 3 are connected by a sliding key. A disc-shaped second tooth plate 30 is provided on the right side of the first tooth plate 31. Inclined first teeth 36 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the right side of the first tooth plate 31, and inclined second teeth 37 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the left side of the second tooth plate 30, and the first teeth 36 and the second teeth 37 are meshed. When viewed from the wrong side of the hinge shaft 3, when the first tooth plate 31 rotates clockwise, the force-matching surfaces of the first teeth 36 and the second teeth 37 are perpendicular to the right end surface of the first tooth plate 31, so that the first tooth plate 31 drives the second tooth plate 30 to rotate; when the first tooth plate 31 rotates counterclockwise, the force-matching surfaces of the first teeth 36 and the second teeth 37 are inclined to the right end surface of the first tooth plate 31, and the first tooth plate 31 slips on the second tooth plate 30. The second tooth plate 30 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the disc damper 29.

[0049] The hinge shaft 3 is sleeved with a second spring 32 , and a circular baffle 33 fixedly connected to the hinge shaft 3 is provided on the left side of the first tooth plate 31 , and the two ends of the second spring 32 respectively abut against the right side of the baffle 33 and the left side of the first tooth plate 31 , so that the first tooth plate 31 is pressed tightly against the second tooth plate 30 .

[0050] When water flows through the flow tube 2 from left to right, the door panel 9 is pushed to the right. When the door panel 9 is opened, the first tooth plate 31 is driven to rotate, so that the first teeth 36 slip on the second teeth 37, so that the door panel 9 is quickly opened. When the door panel 9 is closed, the first tooth plate 31 drives the second tooth plate 30 to rotate, and under the action of the disc damper 29, the door panel 9 is slowly closed.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0053] A water injection screw plug 41 for injecting water into the box body 10 is disposed at an upper position of the door panel 9 , and a water discharge screw plug 42 for discharging water in the box body 10 is disposed at a lower position of the door panel 9 .

[0054] By unscrewing the water injection plug 41 to inject water into the box body 10, or unscrewing the waterproof plug 42 to release the water in the box body 10, the water amount in the box body 10 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting and increasing the downward force applied to the door panel 9, thereby adjusting the closing speed of the door panel 9 and the contact force between the door panel 9 and the sealing gasket 8, so that the force for opening and closing the door panel 9 can be adjusted.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the flow tube 2 is embedded with a bushing 38, and the bushing 38 is detachably connected to the flow tube 2. The bushing 38 is made of wear-resistant white cast iron, and the material grade is KmTBCr26. A saddle screw is provided at the junction of the right end of the bushing 38 and the right end of the flow tube. After unscrewing the saddle screw, the bushing 38 can be removed for replacement.

[0057] When the water flowing through the flow tube 2 contains sediment, the bushing 38 is worn, thereby avoiding the wear of the flow tube 2. After the bushing 38 is worn, it only needs to be replaced without removing the present invention from the dam body 35. Therefore, after the bushing 38 is provided, the service life of the present invention can be increased and the use and maintenance costs can be reduced.

[0058] At present, the technical solution of this application has been put into pilot production, that is, a small-scale experiment before the large-scale mass production of the product; after the pilot production was completed, a user usage survey was conducted in a small range, and the survey results showed that user satisfaction was high; now we are preparing for the formal production and industrialization of the product (including intellectual property risk warning survey).

[0059] The above-mentioned embodiments are described in a relatively detailed and specific manner, expressing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. The purpose is to enable technicians in this field to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly, but are not limited to the present invention. The patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited only by this embodiment, that is, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the spirit disclosed by the present invention, for researchers or technicians in this field, without departing from the structure of the present invention, local improvements within the system and changes and conversions between subsystems, etc., are still within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating box flap door, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical mounting plate (1), a flow tube (2) which is transversely penetrated and fixedly arranged on the mounting plate (1), and a door plate (9) which covers the outlet of the flow tube (2); the door plate (9) is sealed with the flow tube (2); a sealed box (10) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the door plate (9); a swing arm (7) is arranged on the outer side of the door plate (9); one end of the swing arm (7) is fixedly connected to the door plate (9) and the other end is hinged to the mounting plate (1); a slow closing device for slowly closing the door plate (9) is also arranged on the mounting plate (1); the slow closing device is arranged above the flow tube (2); The slow closing device is a buffer (5) arranged between the mounting plate (1) and the swing arm (7), and the buffer (5) comprises a cylinder (16), a slider (27) arranged in the cylinder (16), a first end cover (18) fixedly arranged at one end of the cylinder (16), a second end cover (28) fixedly arranged at the other end of the cylinder (16), and a pull rod (24) slidably connected to the first end cover (18); the slider (27) is clearance-matched with the cylinder (16), and the pull rod (24) is ) is sealed with the first end cover (18), one end of the pull rod (24) is fixedly connected to the slider (27), the other end of the pull rod (24) is rotatably connected to the middle of the swing arm (7), the second end cover (28) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (1), the cylinder (16) is filled with oil; the cylinder wall of the cylinder (16) is provided with a second hole (17) at a position close to the first end cover (18), and the cylinder wall of the cylinder (16) is provided with a first hole (12) at a position close to the second end cover (28), The cylinder (16) is provided with a connecting pipe (14) outside thereof for connecting the first hole (12) and the second hole (17), and the connecting pipe (14) is provided with a valve (15); the portion of the slider (27) close to the first end cover (18) is an outer cone, and the inner wall of the cylinder (16) close to the first end cover (18) is an inner cone for cooperating with the slider (27); the end of the pull rod (24) away from the slider (27) is provided with a blind hole (23), and the blind hole (23) is provided with a valve for cooperating with the pull rod (24); ) a sliding rod (20) slidably connected to the blind hole (23); a notch (21) is provided on the side wall of the blind hole (23); a cylindrical pin (22) is provided in the notch (21) and is slidably matched with the pull rod (24); the cylindrical pin (22) is fixedly connected to the sliding rod (20); one end of the sliding rod (20) away from the pull rod (24) is rotatably connected to the swing arm (7); a first spring (26) is provided between the slider (27) and the first end cover (18); the first spring (26) is sleeved on the pull rod (24); or, The slow closing device is a disc-shaped damper (29) fixedly connected to the mounting plate (1); the housing of the disc-shaped damper (29) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (1); a hinge shaft (3) is fixedly provided at one end of the swing arm (7) away from the door panel (9); the hinge shaft (3) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (1); a first disc-shaped tooth plate (31) is provided on the hinge shaft (3); the first tooth plate (31) and the hinge shaft (3) are slidably matched; the first tooth plate (31) and the hinge shaft (3) are connected via a sliding key; the first tooth plate ( A disc-shaped second tooth plate (30) is provided on the right side of the hinge shaft (31); inclined first teeth (36) are evenly distributed along the circumference on the right side of the first tooth plate (31), and inclined second teeth (37) are evenly distributed along the circumference on the left side of the second tooth plate (30), and the first teeth (36) and the second teeth (37) are meshed; when the first tooth plate (31) rotates clockwise as viewed from the left side of the hinge shaft (3), the force-bearing mating surfaces of the first teeth (36) and the second teeth (37) are perpendicular to the right end surface of the first tooth plate (31), and the first tooth plate (31) drives the second tooth plate (30) to rotate. The hinge shaft (3) is provided with a second spring (32), and a circular baffle (33) fixedly connected to the hinge shaft (3) is provided on the left side of the first tooth plate (31), and the two ends of the second spring (32) respectively abut against the baffle (33). ) on the right side and on the left side of the first tooth plate (31), thereby pressing the first tooth plate (31) against the second tooth plate (30); when water flows through the flow tube (2) from left to right, the door plate (9) is pushed to the right, and when the door plate (9) is opened, the first tooth plate (31) is driven to rotate, causing the first tooth (36) to slip on the second tooth (37), thereby causing the door plate (9) to open quickly; when the door plate (9) is closed, the first tooth plate (31) drives the second tooth plate (30) to rotate, and under the action of the disc damper (29), the door plate (9) is slowly closed.

2. A floating box flap door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door panel (9) is provided with a water injection screw plug for injecting water into the box body (10) and a water discharge screw plug (42) for discharging water in the box body (10).

3. A floating box flap door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow tube (2) has a bushing (38) embedded therein, and the bushing (38) is detachably connected to the flow tube (2).

4. A method for automatically opening and closing a buoyancy flap door, using the buoyancy flap door according to claim 1, characterized in that: Including opening steps and closing steps, Opening steps: first, the drain water enters the flow pipe (2) and flows toward the door panel (9). Under the action of the drain water, the box body (10) generates buoyancy, which acts on the door panel (9). Then, under the combined action of the impact of the drain water and the buoyancy of the box body (10), the door panel (9) automatically opens, and the drain water flows into the river channel. Closing step: under the action of the water pressure in the river channel and the gravity of the door panel (9), the door panel (9) automatically closes to block the water in the river channel. Under the action of the slow closing device, the door panel (9) slowly closes.

5. A method for automatic opening and closing of a floating box flap door according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the slow closing device is a buffer, when the door panel (9) is opened, the slide bar (20) slides along the pull rod (24), so that the door panel (9) is quickly opened. When the door panel (9) is closed, the swing arm (7) pulls the pull rod (24) and the slide bar (27) to slide in the cylinder (16). The oil in the cylinder (16) flows along the gap between the slide bar (27) and the cylinder (16), playing a damping role. When the slide bar (27) approaches the inner conical surface of the cylinder (16), the oil flows between the cylinder (16) and the slide bar (27). The flow cross-sectional area during the flow gradually decreases, so that the damping effect gradually increases, and the closing speed of the door panel (9) changes from fast to slow; when the slow closing device is a disc-shaped damper, when the door panel (9) is opened, it drives the first tooth plate (31) to rotate, so that the first tooth plate (31) slips on the second tooth plate (30), so that the door panel (9) is quickly opened; when the door panel (9) is closed, the first tooth plate (31) drives the second tooth plate (30) to rotate, and under the action of the disc-shaped damper (29), the door panel (9) is slowly closed.

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