Method and device for processing cuttings bed of horizontal well

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for processing cuttings beds in horizontal wells, wherein the method comprises: predicting the distribution pattern of cuttings beds in the whole drilling process according to the engineering information of horizontal well drilling, predicting the lowering position of cuttings cleaning tools in each well section; calculating the actual cuttings bed height of each well section; correcting the predicted lowering position of cuttings cleaning tools in each well section; determining the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of drilling returned cuttings, the degree of deviation of drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of drilling hook suspended weight during the drilling process; associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes; for each well section, outputting the correction data of the lowering position of cuttings cleaning tools in the well section and the cuttings bed removal scheme associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section. The present invention can improve the accuracy and processing efficiency of cuttings bed processing in horizontal wells, and effectively solve the problem of accumulation of cuttings beds in horizontal wells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and in particular to a method and a device for processing a cuttings bed of a horizontal well. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] At present, the increasing difficulty of exploration and development has prompted the emergence and development of new technologies and processes for cobalt wells. Horizontal well drilling technology is favored by the drilling industry for its high reservoir discovery rate, high productivity and low "ton oil cost". The proportion of wells completed using this method has increased year by year, especially with the successful application in unconventional reservoirs such as fractured reservoirs, thin reservoirs and low permeability reservoirs. The utilization rate of these reservoirs has been greatly improved: at the same time, in terms of increasing production and improving recovery rate, horizontal well technology has also played a vital role. Its stable production capacity is 2 to 5 times that of vertical wells. It has gradually become an important means of modern oil and gas exploration and development, and the main force in the development of various oil fields.

[0004] Horizontal well drilling technology certainly has many advantages, but the problem of cuttings migration in the horizontal well section is one of its disadvantages. Poor wellbore purification can lead to serious drilling accidents, so it should be given sufficient attention.

[0005] Due to the particularity of the wellbore structure in the horizontal well section (the well inclination angle ranges from about 90°), the migration trajectory of the cuttings in the horizontal annulus under the combined action of various forces is significantly different from that in the vertical well section. When the drilling fluid return rate is low, the cuttings tend to fall to the lower side of the wellbore annulus and gradually accumulate to form a cuttings bed, which can lead to a series of complex engineering problems.

[0006] At present, conventional cleaning methods include: short tripping of drilling tools or long distance reverse sliding holes; increasing the displacement of drilling fluid; adjusting the rheology of drilling fluid; increasing the speed of drill pipe, etc. However, these sand cleaning methods are mostly determined by the experience of on-site workers, and there is no complete solution for cleaning the cuttings bed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing cuttings beds in horizontal wells, which is used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of processing cuttings beds in horizontal wells, effectively solve the accumulation problem of cuttings beds in horizontal wells, and improve the development efficiency of horizontal wells. The method includes:

[0008] According to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is predicted; the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section;

[0009] According to the distribution of cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, the location of cuttings cleaning tool in each well section is predicted;

[0010] Calculate the actual cuttings bed height for each well section based on the logging data during drilling;

[0011] According to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section;

[0012] The risk level of the cuttings bed height in each well section is determined based on the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of the distribution of the cuttings particle size, and the change rate of the suspended weight of the drilling hook;

[0013] Associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal plans;

[0014] For each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position in the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level in the well section are output.

[0015] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device, which is used to improve the accuracy and processing efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, effectively solve the accumulation problem of horizontal well cuttings bed, and improve the development efficiency of horizontal wells. The device includes:

[0016] The cuttings bed distribution morphology prediction module is used to predict the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section;

[0017] The cuttings cleaning tool lowering position prediction module is used to predict the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section according to the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process;

[0018] The actual cuttings bed height calculation module is used to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the logging data during the drilling process;

[0019] A cuttings cleaning tool lowering position correction module is used to correct the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, and obtain correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section;

[0020] The cuttings bed height risk level determination module of the well section is used to determine the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight;

[0021] A cuttings bed removal scheme association module is used to associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes;

[0022] The data output module is used to output, for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section.

[0023] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned horizontal well cuttings bed processing method when executing the computer program.

[0024] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned horizontal well cuttings bed processing method is implemented.

[0025] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned horizontal well cuttings bed processing method is implemented.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section; the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is predicted based on the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process; the actual cuttings bed height of each well section is calculated based on the logging data during the drilling process; the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected based on the actual cuttings bed height of each well section to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section; the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section is determined based on the percentage of drilling returned cuttings, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight during the drilling process; different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed cleaning tools. program; for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal program associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section are output. Compared with the technical program in the prior art that can only rely on manual work to formulate conventional cleaning methods, by predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process and implementing different cuttings bed removal programs for different cuttings bed height risk levels, an integrated horizontal well cuttings bed processing that integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance is realized. Manual work is no longer required, and the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool and the generation of a cuttings bed cleaning program can be automatically adjusted, solving the problem of errors and omissions that are inevitable due to manual work under the prior art, improving the accuracy and efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, and effectively solving the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells; at the same time, the development benefits of horizontal wells are also improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for processing cuttings bed of a horizontal well in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a specific example diagram of a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4A specific example diagram of a horizontal well cuttings bed processing method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a specific example diagram of a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a specific example diagram of a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] The term "and / or" herein only describes an association relationship, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" herein represents any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C may represent including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0037] In the description of this specification, the terms "include", "including", "have", "contain", etc. are all open terms, which mean including but not limited to. The descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "a specific embodiment", "some embodiments", "for example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The order of steps involved in each embodiment is used to schematically illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the order of steps is not limited and can be appropriately adjusted as needed.

[0038] The increasing difficulty of exploration and development has prompted the emergence and development of new technologies and processes for cobalt wells. Horizontal well drilling technology is favored by the drilling industry for its high reservoir discovery rate, high productivity and low "ton oil cost". The proportion of wells completed using this method has increased year by year, especially with the successful application in unconventional reservoirs such as fractured reservoirs, thin reservoirs and low permeability reservoirs. The utilization of these reservoirs has been greatly improved: at the same time, in terms of increasing production and improving recovery, horizontal well technology has also played a vital role. Its stable production capacity is 2 to 5 times that of vertical wells. It has gradually become an important means of modern oil and gas exploration and development, and the main force in the development of various oil fields.

[0039] Horizontal well drilling technology has many advantages, but the problem of cuttings migration in horizontal well sections is one of its disadvantages. Poor wellbore purification can lead to serious drilling accidents, so it should be given enough attention. Due to the particularity of the wellbore structure of the horizontal well section (the well inclination angle range is about 90°), the migration trajectory of cuttings in the horizontal annulus under the combined action of various forces is significantly different from that in the vertical well section. When the drilling fluid return rate is low, the cuttings are easy to fall on the lower side of the wellbore annulus and gradually accumulate to form a cuttings bed, which can lead to a series of complex engineering problems.

[0040] The existence of cuttings bed brings many potential safety hazards to drilling construction and seriously threatens safe drilling, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0041] 1. The cuttings bed can easily cause high friction and high torque in the drill bit, and even cause the drill bit to break.

[0042] 2. The cuttings bed can lead to a decrease in mechanical drilling speed. Since the cuttings particles in the cuttings bed are loosely arranged, key grooves are easily formed to cause support pressure, resulting in the inability of the drilling pressure to act fully on the drill bit. At the same time, the resistance to lifting and lowering the drill tool is increased, reducing the drilling efficiency.

[0043] 3. Cuttings beds are prone to accidents such as drill sticking, which slows down the project progress and prolongs the drilling cycle.

[0044] 4. The cuttings bed can also lead to problems such as difficulty in entering the wellbore with logging tools, difficulty in casing cementing, and poor cementing quality.

[0045] 5. Since the drill bit is not centered in the horizontal well section, the cuttings are repeatedly crushed into finer particles by the drill bit, which increases the solid content of the annular drilling fluid. At the same time, the annular gap is reduced, forming an elliptical wellbore, which can easily lead to pump and pressure congestion.

[0046] 6. The cuttings bed can easily cause mud packing in the lower drill bit, leading to drilling blockage. In addition, if the drilling fluid is not fully circulated before the pump is stopped, the cuttings will sink to form a sand bridge after the pump is stopped, causing sand blockage, which will pose a safety hazard if drilling continues.

[0047] Conventional cleaning methods include: short tripping of drilling tools or long-distance reverse sliding holes; increasing the displacement of drilling fluid; adjusting the rheology of drilling fluid; increasing the speed of drill pipe, etc. However, these sand removal methods are mostly determined by the experience of on-site workers, and there is no complete solution for cuttings bed cleaning. Therefore, a complete set of systematic solutions for judging and analyzing cuttings beds and cleaning and removing them is urgently needed to ensure on-site drilling production.

[0048] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a horizontal well cuttings bed processing method, which is used to improve the accuracy and processing efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, effectively solve the accumulation problem of horizontal well cuttings bed, and improve the development efficiency of horizontal wells. Figure 1 , the method may include:

[0049] Step 101: predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted accumulation and migration of cuttings in the cuttings bed of each well section;

[0050] Step 102: predicting the location of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process;

[0051] Step 103: Calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section based on the logging data during the drilling process;

[0052] Step 104: According to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected to obtain corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section;

[0053] Step 105: determining the risk level of the cuttings bed height of each well section according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of the distribution of the particle size of the drilling cuttings, and the change rate of the suspended weight of the drilling hook;

[0054] Step 106: Associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal plans;

[0055] Step 107: For each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position in the well section and the cuttings bed cleaning plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level in the well section.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section; the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is predicted based on the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process; the actual cuttings bed height of each well section is calculated based on the logging data during the drilling process; the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected based on the actual cuttings bed height of each well section to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section; the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section is determined based on the percentage of drilling returned cuttings, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight during the drilling process; different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed cleaning methods. program; for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal program associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section are output. Compared with the technical program in the prior art that can only rely on manual work to formulate conventional cleaning methods, by predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process and implementing different cuttings bed removal programs for different cuttings bed height risk levels, an integrated horizontal well cuttings bed processing that integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance is realized. Manual work is no longer required, and the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool and the generation of a cuttings bed cleaning program can be automatically adjusted, solving the problem of errors and omissions that are inevitable due to manual work under the prior art, improving the accuracy and efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, and effectively solving the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells; at the same time, the development benefits of horizontal wells are also improved.

[0057] In specific implementation, firstly, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is predicted based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section.

[0058] In the embodiment, the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information, including:

[0059] Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling timeline is simulated and the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted.

[0060] In one embodiment, the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process can be predicted and calculated based on the finite volume method according to the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: The cuttings and drilling fluid satisfy the following mass conservation equation and momentum conservation equation:

[0062]

[0063] Where α represents the cuttings volume fraction in the horizontal well section, dimensionless; ρ l Indicates the density of drilling fluid, kg / m 3 ρ s Indicates the density of rock cuttings, kg / m 3 ;v l Indicates the flow rate of drilling fluid, in m / s; v s It indicates the flow rate of cuttings particles, in m / s; p indicates the pressure of drilling fluid, in pa; s m represents the source term, in pa; Represents the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to time, in s -1 ; Represents the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to space, in units of m -1 .

[0064] Step 2: Take the intermediate variable W l , W s , W P And matrix F, their expressions are:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Among them, W l , W s , W P and F are intermediate variables; α l represents the drilling fluid volume fraction, dimensionless; α s represents the volume fraction of rock cuttings, dimensionless; u l Indicates the flow rate of drilling fluid, in m / s; u s It indicates the flow velocity of rock cuttings particles in m / s.

[0068] Step 3: The flux changes of the conservation variables of the liquid phase, solid phase and mixed momentum terms satisfy:

[0069]

[0070] Step 4: After discretization, the iterative equation form is:

[0071] Liquid phase:

[0072] Solid phase:

[0073] Mixed phase:

[0074] Among them, the subscripts i and old-i represent the parameter values ​​of the i well section and the old-i well section respectively, and the superscripts j and j+1 represent the parameter values ​​of the well section at time t and time t+Δt respectively; further, old-li represents the liquid intermediate variable W at the i well section at time j l The value of old-si represents the solid phase intermediate variable W at the i-th well section at time j. s The value of old-Pi represents the intermediate pressure variable W at the i-th well section at time j. p The value of li represents the intermediate variable W of the liquid phase at the i-th well section at time j+1. l The value of si represents the solid phase intermediate variable W at the i-th well section at time j+1. s The value of Pi represents the intermediate pressure variable W at the well section i at time j+1 p The value of .

[0075] The above-mentioned liquid phase, solid phase and mixed phase respectively represent: the drilling fluid part, the cuttings part, and the mixed part of the drilling fluid and cuttings in the well section.

[0076] Step 5: Update the flux (i.e., intermediate variable F) in the drilling section of each horizontal annulus within the time interval Δt, and then perform horizontal calculation simulation along the time axis to obtain the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process. The distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process can be used to describe the accumulation and migration of cuttings during the entire drilling process.

[0077] In specific implementation, after predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the location of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section is predicted based on the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process.

[0078] In an embodiment, the arrangement of cuttings cleaning tools for key well sections (such as horizontal well sections and high-angle well sections) where cuttings are deposited can be designed based on the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process predicted before drilling, such as predicting the location of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section.

[0079] For example, if the cuttings bed height predicted before drilling is high, it can be known that the wellbore cleaning tools need to be densely arranged; if the cuttings bed height is low, it can be known that the arrangement distance of the wellbore cleaning tools needs to be appropriately increased.

[0080] In specific implementation, after predicting the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, the actual cuttings bed height of each well section is calculated according to the logging data during the drilling process.

[0081] In specific implementation, after calculating the actual cuttings bed height of each well section based on the logging data during the drilling process, the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section.

[0082] In an embodiment, the logging data in the above-mentioned drilling process may include: well depth, drilling speed, drilling fluid density, pump pressure, displacement, wellbore structure, wellbore trajectory, drilling tool assembly, percentage of returned cuttings, distribution of cuttings particle size, and change of hook load and suspended weight. Among them, the parameters such as well depth, drilling speed, drilling fluid density, displacement, and wellbore structure are used as calculation input parameters to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section; and by comparing with the percentage of returned cuttings, distribution of cuttings particle size, and change of hook load and suspended weight, the model of the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the above-mentioned drilling process is corrected to obtain the corrected data of the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section.

[0083] In specific implementation, the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section. After obtaining the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section, the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section is determined according to the percentage of drilling returned cuttings, the degree of deviation of drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of drilling hook suspended weight during the drilling process.

[0084] In the embodiment, the risk level of the cuttings bed height of each well section is determined according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of the skewness of the particle size distribution of the drilling cuttings, and the change rate of the suspended weight of the drilling hook, including:

[0085] Pre-establish a cuttings bed height risk matrix; the cuttings bed height risk matrix uses the initial drilling hook load suspension weight change rate as the horizontal coordinate, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution skewness as the vertical coordinate, and the initial returned cuttings percentage as the matrix size;

[0086] Dividing the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determining the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix;

[0087] The percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of skewness of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook suspended weight are matched with the cuttings bed height risk matrix after each division to obtain the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, referring to the following formula, the percentage of returned cuttings can be defined as the ratio of the mass of cuttings generated during drilling to the mass of cuttings returned from the wellhead:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Where: Msum is the total amount of cuttings generated during drilling in Δt time; v is the drilling speed; t is the time; ρrock is the cuttings density at this time (which is related to the formation being drilled); D is the drill bit diameter; α is the percentage of returned cuttings; Mreal is the amount of cuttings returned from the wellhead in Δt time.

[0092] Furthermore, the percentage of returned cuttings reaching a preset value (such as 80%) can be defined as a safe drilling sign, and no additional sand cleaning operation is required for drilling operations at this time;

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the drilling fluid solid phase rock cuttings particle size distribution (i.e., the degree of skewness of the drilling fluid rock cuttings particle size distribution) is the statistics of the diameter of the rock cuttings particles returning from the wellhead. The particle diameter can be taken as its three-axis average diameter, and a drilling fluid solid phase rock cuttings particle size distribution diagram is drawn.

[0094] Furthermore, the particle size distribution of the solid phase cuttings in the drilling fluid presents a normal distribution during normal drilling. When the cuttings are clean, the particle size distribution is left-biased, and when the cuttings are clean, the particle size distribution is right-biased.

[0095] Further, referring to the following formula, the degree of deviation can be used to characterize the cuttings cleaning effect. The higher the degree of left deviation, the lower the cuttings cleaning efficiency, and the higher the degree of right deviation, the higher the cuttings cleaning efficiency.

[0096]

[0097] Among them: β is the degree of deviation; L is the deviation distance; d2 is the maximum diameter of rock cuttings particles; d1 is the minimum diameter of rock cuttings particles.

[0098] In a specific embodiment, referring to the following formula, the change of hook load hanging weight comes from the increase of solid tiny particles in drilling, which is the result of repeated crushing of rock cuttings. The greater the change rate of hook load hanging weight, the lower the rock cutting cleaning effect.

[0099] G1=Mg-ρ1gV (11)

[0100]

[0101] Where: η is the change rate of hook load; G1 is the theoretical hanging weight; M is the total mass of the drilling tool; ρ1 is the density of the drilling fluid; V is the total volume of the drilling tool; G real The actual hanging weight.

[0102] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned risk matrix of cuttings bed height is established, the horizontal axis can be the change rate of hook load hanging weight, the vertical axis can be the degree of skewness of cuttings particle size distribution, and the size of the matrix can be determined by the percentage of returned cuttings. As the percentage of returned cuttings becomes lower, the matrix size continues to shrink to the upper right (such as Figure 6 The reduction ratio is as follows

[0103]

[0104] Among them: μ is the reduction ratio; α1 is the actual percentage of returned cuttings.

[0105] During the specific implementation, after determining the cuttings bed height risk level for each well section based on the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight, different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed removal plans.

[0106] In an embodiment, different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed removal solutions, including:

[0107] Associate low cuttings bed height risk levels with cuttings bed removal options that increase drilling fluid flow rates;

[0108] Associate the medium cuttings bed height risk level with a cuttings bed removal plan of increasing drilling fluid displacement and increasing rotary table speed;

[0109] Correlate high cuttings bed height risk levels with cuttings bed removal options for backsliding wellbores;

[0110] Correlate the emergency cuttings bed height risk level with the cuttings bed removal plan by adjusting the drilling fluid rheology.

[0111] In one embodiment, the cuttings bed height risk matrix is ​​divided, and the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix is ​​determined, which may be specifically:

[0112] The above cuttings bed height risk matrix is ​​divided into 4 parts, and the dividing lines of the 4 parts are 0.4, 1, and 1.6. In practical applications, facing the four risks, the cuttings bed removal solutions of increasing displacement, increasing displacement + increasing speed, reverse slipping, and adjusting the rheology of drilling fluid can be used in turn to solve them.

[0113] In specific implementation, after associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal plans, for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section are output.

[0114] In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section; the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is predicted based on the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process; the actual cuttings bed height of each well section is calculated based on the logging data during the drilling process; the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected based on the actual cuttings bed height of each well section to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section; the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section is determined based on the percentage of drilling returned cuttings, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight during the drilling process; different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed cleaning methods. program; for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal program associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section are output. Compared with the technical program in the prior art that can only rely on manual work to formulate conventional cleaning methods, by predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process and implementing different cuttings bed removal programs for different cuttings bed height risk levels, an integrated horizontal well cuttings bed processing that integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance is realized. Manual work is no longer required, and the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool and the generation of a cuttings bed cleaning program can be automatically adjusted, solving the problem of errors and omissions that are inevitable due to manual work under the prior art, improving the accuracy and efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, and effectively solving the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells; at the same time, the development benefits of horizontal wells are also improved.

[0115] As described above, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated solution for pre-drilling prediction, drilling monitoring and in-drilling removal of cuttings bed height in horizontal wells, which can be used to accurately predict the cuttings bed height before drilling, formulate a cuttings removal plan, connect to the logging instrument information during drilling, analyze the cuttings bed height in real time, optimize and combine cuttings removal methods, and solve the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells.

[0116] The present invention also provides a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle of the device to solve the problem is similar to that of the horizontal well cuttings bed processing method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the horizontal well cuttings bed processing method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0117] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device, which is used to improve the accuracy and processing efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, effectively solve the accumulation problem of horizontal well cuttings bed, and improve the development efficiency of horizontal wells. Figure 2 As shown, the device comprises:

[0118] The cuttings bed distribution form prediction module 201 is used to predict the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the above-mentioned cuttings bed distribution form during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section;

[0119] A cuttings cleaning tool lowering position prediction module 202 is used to predict the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process;

[0120] The actual cuttings bed height calculation module 203 is used to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the logging data during the drilling process;

[0121] The cuttings cleaning tool lowering position correction module 204 is used to correct the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, and obtain the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section;

[0122] The cuttings bed height risk level determination module 205 of the well section is used to determine the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook suspended weight;

[0123] A cuttings bed removal scheme association module 206 is used to associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes;

[0124] The data output module 207 is used to output, for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position in the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level in the well section.

[0125] In one embodiment, the cuttings bed distribution morphology prediction module is specifically used to:

[0126] Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling timeline is simulated and the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted.

[0127] In one embodiment, the cuttings bed height risk level determination module of the well section is specifically used to:

[0128] Pre-establish a cuttings bed height risk matrix; the cuttings bed height risk matrix uses the initial drilling hook load suspension weight change rate as the horizontal coordinate, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution skewness as the vertical coordinate, and the initial returned cuttings percentage as the matrix size;

[0129] Dividing the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determining the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix;

[0130] The percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of skewness of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook suspended weight are matched with the cuttings bed height risk matrix after each division to obtain the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section.

[0131] In one embodiment, the cuttings bed removal scheme association module is specifically configured to:

[0132] Associate low cuttings bed height risk levels with cuttings bed removal options that increase drilling fluid flow rates;

[0133] Associate the medium cuttings bed height risk level with a cuttings bed removal plan of increasing drilling fluid displacement and increasing rotary table speed;

[0134] Correlate high cuttings bed height risk levels with cuttings bed removal options for backsliding wellbores;

[0135] Correlate the emergency cuttings bed height risk level with the cuttings bed removal plan by adjusting the drilling fluid rheology.

[0136] A specific embodiment is given below to illustrate the specific application of the device of the present invention.

[0137] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 This embodiment provides an integrated prediction, diagnosis and removal solution that can be applied to horizontal well cuttings beds, which can be used to accurately predict the height of cuttings beds before drilling and formulate cuttings removal plans. The logging instrument information can be connected during drilling, the cuttings bed height can be analyzed in real time, and the combined cuttings removal means can be optimized to solve the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells.

[0138] First of all Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The numbers in are explained as follows:

[0139] In the figure: 1 is a cuttings bed prediction module, 2 is a mud logger, 3 is a mud logger docking device, 4 is a central processing computer, 5 is a client computer, 6 is a normal particle size distribution curve, 7 is a high cuttings cleaning efficiency particle size distribution curve, 8 is a low cuttings cleaning efficiency particle size distribution curve, 9 is a frontal distance, 10 is an initial cuttings bed height risk matrix, 11 is a cuttings bed height risk matrix for 70% of cuttings returned, 12 is a low risk area for sand cleaning, 13 is a medium risk area for sand cleaning, 14 is a high risk area for sand cleaning, and 15 is an emergency risk area for sand cleaning.

[0140] See also Figure 3 As shown, the device in this embodiment can work in conjunction with a mud logger, a mud logger docking device, a central processing computer, and a client computer, and can further form an integrated predictive diagnosis and removal device for a horizontal well cuttings bed, as specifically described below:

[0141] See also Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned integrated prediction, diagnosis and removal equipment for cuttings beds in horizontal wells can be composed of a cuttings bed prediction module 1 (i.e., the above-mentioned cuttings bed distribution morphology prediction module and the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position prediction module), a logging instrument 2, a logging instrument docking device 3, a central processing computer 4 (which can include the above-mentioned cuttings cleaning tool lowering position correction module, a cuttings bed height risk level determination module for the well section, a cuttings bed removal plan association module and a data output module), and a client computer 5.

[0142] See also Figure 3 As shown, the cuttings bed prediction module 1 can be composed of a computer with numerical calculation capabilities, and can be based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering design data (i.e., the above-mentioned horizontal well drilling engineering information, such as well depth, well diameter, displacement, drilling fluid properties, mechanical drilling speed, drill bit combination, well inclination angle, and cuttings density) to calculate the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process before drilling, and guide the design of the placement position of the wellbore cleaning tool.

[0143] See also Figure 3 As shown, in the cuttings bed prediction module 1 of the integrated prediction, diagnosis and removal device for cuttings beds in horizontal wells, cuttings and drilling fluid satisfy the mass conservation equation and momentum conservation equation:

[0144]

[0145] Where α represents the cuttings volume fraction in the horizontal well section, dimensionless; ρ l Indicates the density of drilling fluid, kg / m 3 ρ s Indicates the density of rock cuttings, kg / m 3 ;v l Indicates the flow rate of drilling fluid, in m / s; v s It indicates the flow rate of cuttings particles, in m / s; p indicates the pressure of drilling fluid, in pa; s m represents the source term, in pa; Represents the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to time, in s -1 ; Represents the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to space, in units of m -1 .

[0146] Take the intermediate variable W l , W s , W P And matrix F, their expressions are:

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] Among them, W l , W s , W P and F are intermediate variables; α l represents the drilling fluid volume fraction, dimensionless; α s represents the volume fraction of rock cuttings, dimensionless; u l Indicates the flow rate of drilling fluid, in m / s; u s It indicates the flow velocity of rock cuttings particles in m / s.

[0150] In the calculation of cuttings bed distribution based on the finite volume method, the flux changes of the conservation variables of liquid, solid and mixed momentum terms satisfy:

[0151]

[0152] Step 4: After discretization, the iterative equation form is:

[0153] Liquid phase:

[0154] Solid phase:

[0155] Mixed phase:

[0156] Among them, the subscripts i and old-i represent the parameter values ​​of the i well section and the old-i well section respectively, and the superscripts j and j+1 represent the parameter values ​​of the well section at time t and time t+Δt respectively; further, old-li represents the liquid intermediate variable W at the i well section at time j l The value of old-si represents the solid phase intermediate variable W at the i-th well section at time j. s The value of old-Pi represents the intermediate pressure variable W at the i-th well section at time j. p The value of li represents the intermediate variable W of the liquid phase at the i-th well section at time j+1. l The value of si represents the solid phase intermediate variable W at the i-th well section at time j+1. s The value of Pi represents the intermediate pressure variable W at the well section i at time j+1 p The value of .

[0157] The above-mentioned liquid phase, solid phase and mixed phase respectively represent: the drilling fluid part, the cuttings part, and the mixed part of the drilling fluid and cuttings in the well section.

[0158] The flux F in each grid is updated within the time interval Δt, and then the cuttings accumulation and migration situation of the whole drilling process can be obtained by horizontal calculation and simulation on the time axis.

[0159] See also Figure 3As shown, the real-time logging data of the logging instrument 2 in the integrated predictive diagnosis and removal device for horizontal well cuttings beds may include: well depth, drilling speed, drilling fluid density, pump pressure, displacement, wellbore structure, wellbore trajectory, drilling tool assembly, percentage of returned cuttings, and cuttings particle size distribution.

[0160] See also Figure 3 As shown, the mud logger 2 in the integrated predictive diagnosis and removal device for horizontal well cuttings beds can transmit the collected data to the central processing computer 4 in real time through the mud logger connection device 3 for calculation and processing.

[0161] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the real-time monitoring of the cuttings bed height in the integrated predictive diagnostic removal device for horizontal well cuttings beds may include three parts: the percentage of returned cuttings, the particle size distribution of the drilling fluid solid-phase cuttings, and the change in the hook load suspended weight.

[0162] See also Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the definition of the percentage of returned cuttings is the ratio of the mass of cuttings produced by drilling to the mass of cuttings returned from the wellhead. When the percentage of returned cuttings reaches 80%, it is a sign of safe drilling, and no additional sand cleaning operation is required for drilling operations.

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] Where: Msum is the total amount of cuttings generated during drilling in Δt time; v is the drilling speed; t is the time; ρrock is the cuttings density at this time (which is related to the formation being drilled); D is the drill bit diameter; α is the percentage of returned cuttings; Mreal is the amount of cuttings returned from the wellhead in Δt time.

[0166] See also Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the diameter of the cuttings particles in the cuttings particle size distribution diagram is the average diameter of the three axes, and the cuttings particle size distribution diagram of the drilling fluid solid phase presents a normal distribution during normal drilling 6. When the cuttings are less clean, the cuttings particle size distribution diagram presents a left-biased front shape 8, and when the cuttings are more clean, the cuttings particle size distribution diagram presents a right-biased front shape 7.

[0167] See also Figure 4 As shown, the cuttings particle size distribution diagram uses the degree of skewness to characterize the cuttings cleaning effect, and the skewness is defined as the ratio of the skewness distance 9 to the cuttings particle size span. The higher the degree of left skewness 8, the lower the cuttings cleaning efficiency, and the higher the degree of right skewness 7, the higher the cuttings cleaning efficiency.

[0168]

[0169] Among them: β is the degree of deviation; L is the deviation distance; d2 is the maximum diameter of rock cuttings particles; d1 is the minimum diameter of rock cuttings particles.

[0170] See also Figure 3 As shown, the change of hook load hanging weight comes from the increase of solid tiny particles in drilling and is the result of repeated crushing of cuttings. The greater the change rate of hook load hanging weight, the lower the cuttings cleaning effect.

[0171] G1=Mg-ρ1gV (11)

[0172]

[0173] Where: η is the change rate of hook load; G1 is the theoretical hanging weight; M is the total mass of the drilling tool; ρ1 is the density of the drilling fluid; V is the total volume of the drilling tool; G real The actual hanging weight.

[0174] See also Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis is the change rate of hook load hanging weight, the vertical axis is the degree of skewness of cuttings particle size distribution, the matrix size is determined by the percentage of returned cuttings, and the cuttings bed height risk matrix 10 is established. As the percentage of returned cuttings decreases, it continues to shrink to the upper right. When the cuttings return 70%, the cuttings bed height risk matrix 11 shrinks as follows

[0175]

[0176] Among them: μ is the reduction ratio; α1 is the actual percentage of returned cuttings.

[0177] See also Figure 7 As shown, the cuttings bed height risk matrix of the embodiment of the present invention can be established based on the risk level classification method proposed in API 581 "Risk-based Inspection-Basic Resource Document" of the American Petroleum Institute (API). In this example, the risk of the event sequence can be defined as A = a·X + b·Y, where a = 0.4 and b = 0.6. The dividing line is the A value. The cuttings bed height risk matrix of the embodiment of the present invention is divided based on the numerical value obtained through a large number of engineering practices, and this numerical value can be freely set by the staff according to the actual situation of drilling.

[0178] See also Figure 6As shown in the figure, the cuttings bed height risk matrix can be divided into 4 parts, and the dividing lines of the 4 parts are 0.4, 1, and 1.6. Facing different risks: the low risk area for sand cleaning (i.e. the low cuttings bed height risk level area mentioned above) 12 chooses the sand cleaning method to increase the drilling fluid displacement; the medium risk area for sand cleaning (i.e. the medium cuttings bed height risk level area mentioned above) 13 chooses the sand cleaning method to increase the drilling fluid displacement + increase the turntable speed; the high risk area for sand cleaning (i.e. the high cuttings bed height risk level area mentioned above) 14 chooses the sand cleaning method to slide the wellbore; the emergency risk area for sand cleaning (i.e. the emergency cuttings bed height risk level area mentioned above) 15 chooses the sand cleaning method to adjust the rheological properties of the drilling fluid and increase the rock carrying capacity of the drilling fluid.

[0179] See also Figure 6 As shown in the figure, comparing the left and right pictures, the area of ​​the low risk area for sand cleaning in the lower left corner is decreasing, the area of ​​the medium risk area is decreasing, and the high risk area for sand cleaning becomes a hexagonal area, while the area of ​​the emergency risk area remains unchanged. The reason is that the coordinate axis moves to the upper right as a whole, resulting in this result. As the percentage of cuttings returned becomes lower, only a small change in hanging weight and cuttings deviation is required to achieve the same sand cleaning risk.

[0180] See also Figure 3 As shown, the central processing computer 4 performs a real-time assessment of the cuttings bed height and drilling risk, and compares it with the predicted cuttings bed height curve to optimize the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool.

[0181] See also Figure 3 As shown, in the integrated predictive diagnostic cleaning device for horizontal well cuttings beds, the risk matrix calculation is completed in the central processing computer 4, and the cuttings cleaning plan design is completed. The cuttings processing plan generated by the central processing computer 4 is transmitted to the client computer 5 for guiding on-site cuttings cleaning operations.

[0182] The integrated prediction, diagnosis and removal solution for horizontal well cuttings beds is as follows:

[0183] 1. The computer inputs the drilling engineering information, calculates the distribution of the cuttings bed in the entire well section, designs the location of the cuttings cleaning tool, and transmits it to the central processing computer;

[0184] 2. The logging instrument is connected to the central processing computer to conduct real-time risk assessment of the cuttings bed, specify the sand cleaning plan, compare it with the predicted cuttings bed distribution, and optimize the placement position of the cuttings cleaning tool;

[0185] 3. The central processing computer transmits the generated cuttings removal plan and tool lowering plan to the client computer in real time, and the drilling site tool construction plan is used to carry out sand removal operations.

[0186] In the above embodiment, an integrated horizontal well cuttings bed prediction, diagnosis and removal scheme is implemented. Its greatest advantage is that it integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling diagnosis and evaluation, rock cleaning operation tools, and rock cleaning operation guidance, solves the problem of cuttings migration in horizontal well sections, and reduces the drilling risk caused by cuttings bed accumulation during horizontal well drilling; the cuttings bed prediction is used to accurately predict the height and position of the cuttings bed before drilling, and to design the layout of cuttings cleaning tools in the cuttings deposition well section; the above-mentioned logging instrument docking device collects and transmits data in real time, and the central processing computer calculates and analyzes the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed in real time and outputs it to the client computer, and the calculation results are output in real time. It can reduce the friction torque and stuck drill risk in the horizontal section, increase the mechanical drilling speed, and further improve the development benefits of horizontal wells.

[0187] Of course, it is understandable that the above detailed modules may have other variations, and the relevant variations should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0188] Based on the above invention concept, Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also proposes a computer device 500, including a memory 510, a processor 520, and a computer program 530 stored in the memory 510 and executable on the processor 520, wherein the processor 520 implements the above-mentioned horizontal well cuttings bed processing method when executing the computer program 530.

[0189] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned horizontal well cuttings bed processing method is implemented.

[0190] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned horizontal well cuttings bed processing method is implemented.

[0191] In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section; the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is predicted based on the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process; the actual cuttings bed height of each well section is calculated based on the logging data during the drilling process; the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected based on the actual cuttings bed height of each well section to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section; the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section is determined based on the percentage of drilling returned cuttings, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight during the drilling process; different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed cleaning tools. program; for each well section, the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal program associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section are output. Compared with the technical program in the prior art that can only rely on manual work to formulate conventional cleaning methods, by predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process and implementing different cuttings bed removal programs for different cuttings bed height risk levels, an integrated horizontal well cuttings bed processing that integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance is realized. Manual work is no longer required, and the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool and the generation of a cuttings bed cleaning program can be automatically adjusted, solving the problem of errors and omissions that are inevitable due to manual work under the prior art, improving the accuracy and efficiency of horizontal well cuttings bed processing, and effectively solving the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells; at the same time, the development benefits of horizontal wells are also improved.

[0192] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0193] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0194] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0195] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0196] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing cuttings bed in a horizontal well, characterized in that: include: Based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted; The distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section; According to the distribution of cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, the location of cuttings cleaning tool in each well section is predicted; Calculate the actual cuttings bed height for each well section based on the logging data during drilling; According to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section is corrected to obtain the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section; The risk level of the cuttings bed height in each well section is determined based on the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of the distribution of the cuttings particle size, and the change rate of the suspended weight of the drilling hook; Associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal plans; For each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section; According to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight, the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section is determined, including: pre-establishing a cuttings bed height risk matrix; the cuttings bed height risk matrix uses the initial drilling hook load suspended weight change rate as the horizontal coordinate, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution deviation as the vertical coordinate, and the initial returned cuttings percentage as the matrix size; dividing the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determining the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix; matching the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix to obtain the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section; Different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed removal plans, including: associating a low cuttings bed height risk level with a cuttings bed removal plan of increasing the drilling fluid displacement; associating a medium cuttings bed height risk level with a cuttings bed removal plan of increasing the drilling fluid displacement and increasing the rotary table speed; associating a high cuttings bed height risk level with a cuttings bed removal plan of a sliding wellbore; and associating an emergency cuttings bed height risk level with a cuttings bed removal plan of adjusting the rheological properties of the drilling fluid.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted, including: Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling timeline is simulated and the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted.

3. A horizontal well cuttings bed processing device, characterized in that: include: The cuttings bed distribution morphology prediction module is used to predict the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings accumulation and migration of the cuttings bed in each well section; The cuttings cleaning tool lowering position prediction module is used to predict the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section according to the distribution of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process; The actual cuttings bed height calculation module is used to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the logging data during the drilling process; A cuttings cleaning tool lowering position correction module is used to correct the predicted cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, and obtain correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool lowering position of each well section; The cuttings bed height risk level determination module of the well section is used to determine the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of deviation of the drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of the drilling hook load suspended weight; A cuttings bed removal scheme association module is used to associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes; A data output module is used to output, for each well section, the correction data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section; The cuttings bed height risk level determination module of the well section is specifically used to: pre-establish a cuttings bed height risk matrix; the cuttings bed height risk matrix uses the initial drilling hook load suspension weight change rate as the horizontal coordinate, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution skewness as the vertical coordinate, and the initial returned cuttings percentage as the matrix size; divide the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determine the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix; The percentage of drilling cuttings returned during the drilling process, the degree of the distribution of drilling cuttings particle size and the change rate of the drilling hook hanging weight are matched with the cuttings bed height risk matrix after each division to obtain the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section; The cuttings bed removal scheme association module is specifically used to: associate the low cuttings bed height risk level with the cuttings bed removal scheme of increasing the drilling fluid displacement; associate the medium cuttings bed height risk level with the cuttings bed removal scheme of increasing the drilling fluid displacement and increasing the turntable speed; associate the high cuttings bed height risk level with the cuttings bed removal scheme of the reverse sliding wellbore; associate the emergency cuttings bed height risk level with the cuttings bed removal scheme of adjusting the rheological properties of the drilling fluid.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The cuttings bed distribution morphology prediction module is specifically used for: Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling timeline is simulated and the distribution morphology of the cuttings bed during the entire drilling process is predicted.

5. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

7. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

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