Automatic loading and unloading machine tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic loading and unloading machine tool, comprising a bed, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a V-axis moving mechanism. The bed is divided into two parts from front to back, the front half is a processing area, and the back half is a loading and unloading area; the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism on which workpieces can be installed are respectively installed on the bed through Y-direction guide rails, and can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction between the processing area and the loading and unloading area. The processing process of the present invention can be carried out synchronously with the loading and unloading process without interfering with each other, and it has an automatic sorting function for NG materials, and can realize full automation of material placement, detection, and material collection, effectively reduce auxiliary time, improve processing efficiency, and reduce labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular relates to an automatic loading and unloading machine tool. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial automation, the domestic demand for industrial automation is increasing, and automatic loading and unloading CNC machine tools are therefore widely used. Automatic loading and unloading CNC machine tools replace the original manual operation by installing automatic loading and unloading devices in CNC machine tools, realizing the full automation of workpiece automatic grasping, loading, unloading, clamping and processing. It is not only easy to operate and efficient, but also saves operators from heavy and monotonous working environments, solving the labor cost problem of production enterprises, and is therefore increasingly favored by manufacturers.

[0003] Although automatic loading and unloading CNC machine tools have greatly improved production efficiency to a certain extent, the loading and unloading actions and processing actions of existing automatic loading and unloading machine tools cannot be completely separated. The loading and unloading process will occupy part of the processing time, and it is impossible to achieve uninterrupted processing, which affects the further improvement of processing efficiency. In addition, the existing automatic loading and unloading CNC machine tools still need to rely on manual labor to complete processing auxiliary work such as NG material sorting, which not only further increases the auxiliary time, but also increases the output of labor costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic loading and unloading machine tool in which the processing process and the loading and unloading process do not interfere with each other and are carried out synchronously. It has the function of automatic sorting of NG materials, realizes the full automation of material placement, detection and material retrieval, effectively reduces auxiliary time, improves processing efficiency and reduces labor costs.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an automatic loading and unloading machine tool, including a bed, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a V-axis moving mechanism, the bed is divided into two parts from front to back, the front half is a processing area, and the back half is a loading and unloading area; the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism on which the workpiece can be installed are respectively installed on the bed through Y guide rails, and can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction between the processing area and the loading and unloading area respectively.

[0006] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the processing area includes an X-axis crossbeam, a column, an X-axis moving mechanism and a Z-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis crossbeam and the column form a gantry structure installed on the bed; the X-axis moving mechanism is installed on the X-axis crossbeam and can reciprocate along the X-axis direction; the Z-axis moving mechanism on which a tool can be installed is installed on the X-axis moving mechanism, on the one hand, it reciprocates along the Z-axis direction, and on the other hand, it reciprocates along the X-axis direction together with the X-axis moving mechanism; the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism can alternately form a three-axis processing system with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism, and alternately process the workpieces installed on the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism in turn.

[0007] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the loading and unloading area includes an automatic loading and unloading device, and the automatic loading and unloading device can alternately load and unload the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism, that is, when the Y-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a three-axis machining system for machining, the automatic loading and unloading device automatically loads and unloads the V-axis moving mechanism; when the V-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a three-axis machining system for machining, the automatic loading and unloading device automatically loads and unloads the Y-axis moving mechanism.

[0008] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the automatic loading and unloading device includes a loading and unloading robot, a material table, an on-machine detection mechanism and an NG material recovery device, the material table and the NG material recovery device are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the rear half of the bed, and the loading and unloading robot is installed on the rear side of the X-axis crossbeam; the on-machine detection mechanism is installed on the loading and unloading robot, the loading and unloading robot drives the on-machine detection mechanism to detect the workpiece processed on the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the loading and unloading robot transfers the workpiece that passes the inspection to the material table, or transfers the workpiece that fails the inspection to the NG material recovery device.

[0009] In the above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the loading and unloading robot transports the workpiece blank on the material table to the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism locks and fixes the workpiece blank; the loading and unloading robot drives the on-machine detection mechanism to perform workpiece alignment detection on the workpiece blank on the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism.

[0010] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the loading and unloading robot includes a U-axis crossbeam, a U-axis guide rail, a U-axis driving device, a horizontal bottom plate, a W-axis bottom plate, a W-axis sliding plate, a W-axis slide rail, a W-axis driving device, a flip support, a flip axis, a flip driving device, a suction cup mounting plate and a suction cup, and the on-machine detection mechanism includes a probe support, a probe mounting seat and a probe; the U-axis crossbeam is arranged parallel to the X-axis crossbeam and is fixedly installed on the rear side of the X-axis crossbeam; a U-axis guide rail is arranged on the rear side of the U-axis crossbeam along the X-axis direction, and the horizontal bottom plate acts on the U-axis guide rail through a slider and is driven by the U-axis drive The W-axis base plate is fixed on the horizontal base plate, and the W-axis sliding plate is slidably connected with the W-axis base plate through the W-axis sliding rail arranged on the back, and can reciprocate along the Z-axis direction under the action of the W-axis driving device; the probe support and the flip support are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the W-axis sliding plate; the flip axis is arranged on the flip support, and can swing back and forth around the Y-axis under the action of the flip driving device, and a suction cup mounting plate is fixedly installed on the flip axis, and a plurality of suction cups are respectively arranged on both sides of the suction cup mounting plate; the probe mounting seat is fixed on the probe support, and the probe is installed in the probe mounting seat.

[0011] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the material table includes a material table bottom plate, a loading part and a positioning part, the material table bottom plate is fixed on the bed, and the loading part and the positioning part are installed side by side on the material table bottom plate; when the loading and unloading robot loads the material, it takes the workpiece blank from the loading part and places it on the positioning part for initial positioning, and then transports the workpiece blank to the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism.

[0012] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the loading part includes a material basket pushing device, a material basket mounting plate, a material basket positioning device and a replaceable material basket, the material basket pushing device is installed on the bottom plate of the material table, the material basket mounting plate is installed on the material basket pushing device, and can be pushed backward and retracted along the Y-axis direction under the action of the material basket pushing device; a material basket positioning device is provided on the material basket mounting plate, which can position and lock the material basket on the material basket mounting plate from two horizontal directions.

[0013] The above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the positioning part includes a jig base plate, a workpiece support plate, a connecting column, a horizontal positioning device and a longitudinal positioning device. The jig base plate is installed on the material table base plate through four positioning columns, and the jig base plate and the workpiece support plate are fixed through four connecting columns; a plurality of positioning slides are arranged on the workpiece support plate; the horizontal positioning device is installed on the lower side of the jig base plate, and the workpiece blank is positioned in the X direction through the positioning slide; the longitudinal positioning device is installed on the upper side of the jig base plate, and the workpiece blank is positioned in the Y direction through the positioning slide.

[0014] In the above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, the NG material recovery device includes a material box support, a material box pushing device, a material box pallet and a material box. The material box support is fixed on the bed, the material box pushing device is installed on the material box support, and the material box pallet is installed on the material box pushing device. It can be pushed backward and retracted along the Y-axis direction under the drive of the material box pushing device; the replaceable material box is arranged on the material box pallet.

[0015] In the above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading machine tool, a rear automatic door is arranged between the processing area and the loading and unloading area. The rear automatic door is slidably installed on the U-axis crossbeam and can reciprocate in the X direction to alternately protect the three-axis processing system composed of the Y-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism, or the three-axis processing system composed of the V-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has two sets of workpiece motion systems, the Y-axis and the V-axis. When one set forms a three-axis machining system with the X-axis and Z-axis of the machine tool to process the workpiece, the other set moves out of the machining area, and the loading and unloading, on-machine measurement and NG material sorting of the workpiece are completed in the loading and unloading area through the automatic loading and unloading device. The machining process and the loading and unloading process do not interfere with each other and are carried out synchronously, realizing the uninterrupted machining of the machine tool and fully improving the utilization rate of the machine tool; the loading and unloading, workpiece measurement and NG material sorting and other machining auxiliary tasks are all realized by the automation function, saving labor costs and further improving production efficiency. In addition, the loading and unloading area and the machining area share part of the machine tool structure, the overall layout is compact, and the structural cost is reduced; at the same time, the loading and unloading area is isolated from the machining area, which can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the loading and unloading device and the on-machine detection mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the robot of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the material platform structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the NG material recovery device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, an automatic loading and unloading machine tool of the present invention comprises a bed 1, a column 2, an X-axis beam 3, a Z-axis moving mechanism 4, a V-axis moving mechanism 5, a Y-axis moving mechanism 6, a loading and unloading manipulator 7, an on-machine detection mechanism 8, a material table 9 and an NG material recovery device 10. The front half of the bed 1 is a processing area, and the rear half is a loading and unloading area; the bed 1, the column 2, the X-axis beam 3, and the Z-axis moving mechanism 4 are located in the processing area, and the loading and unloading manipulator 7, the on-machine detection mechanism 8, the material table 9 and the NG material recovery device 10 are located in the loading and unloading area.

[0023] The X-axis crossbeam 3 and the left and right columns 2 form a gantry structure installed on the bed 1. The X-axis crossbeam 3 is provided with an X-axis guide rail (not shown in the figure). The X-axis moving mechanism (not shown in the figure) acts on the X-axis guide rail and can move back and forth along the X-axis direction. The Z-axis moving mechanism 4 is installed on the X-axis moving mechanism. On the one hand, it moves back and forth along the Z-axis direction, and on the other hand, it moves back and forth along the X-axis direction together with the X-axis moving mechanism. A cutting tool is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis moving mechanism 4. The V-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 are respectively installed on the bed 1 through the Y-guide rail 11, and can move back and forth along the Y-axis direction between the processing area and the loading and unloading area. Positioning fixtures are respectively provided on the V-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 for positioning and installing the workpiece. The V-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 can alternately form a three-axis processing system with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism 4, and alternately process the workpieces installed on the V-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 in turn.

[0024] The material table 9 and the NG material recovery device 10 are installed on the bed 1 and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the Y-direction guide rail 11. The loading and unloading manipulator 7 is installed on the rear side of the X-axis beam 3; the on-machine detection mechanism 8 is installed on the loading and unloading manipulator 7 and moves with the loading and unloading manipulator 7. The loading and unloading robot 7 can alternately load and unload the V-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 6, that is, when the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 moves to the processing area to form a three-axis processing system with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism 4 for processing, the loading and unloading robot 7 automatically loads and unloads the V-axis moving mechanism 5, including the loading and unloading robot 7 driving the on-machine detection mechanism 8 to move to detect the workpiece processed on the V-axis moving mechanism 5, the loading and unloading robot 7 returns the qualified workpiece to the material table 9, or transfers the unqualified workpiece to the NG material recovery device 10, and transports the next workpiece blank on the material table 9 to the V-axis moving mechanism 5. After the V-axis moving mechanism 5 locks and fixes the workpiece blank, the loading and unloading robot 7 drives the on-machine detection mechanism 8 to move the V-axis moving mechanism The workpiece blank on the V-axis moving mechanism 5 is subjected to workpiece alignment detection; when the V-axis moving mechanism 5 moves to the processing area and forms a three-axis processing system with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism 4 for processing, the loading and unloading robot 7 automatically loads and unloads the Y-axis moving mechanism 6, including the loading and unloading robot 7 driving the on-machine detection mechanism 8 to move to detect the workpiece processed on the Y-axis moving mechanism 6, the loading and unloading robot 7 returns the workpiece that has passed the inspection to the material table 9, or transfers the workpiece that has failed the inspection to the NG material recovery device 10, and transports the next workpiece blank on the material table 9 to the Y-axis moving mechanism 6. After the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 locks and fixes the workpiece blank, the loading and unloading robot 7 drives the on-machine detection mechanism 8 to move to perform workpiece alignment detection on the workpiece blank on the Y-axis moving mechanism 6.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, the loading and unloading robot 7 includes a U-axis crossbeam 701, a U-axis guide rail 702, a U-axis driving device 703, a horizontal bottom plate 704, a W-axis bottom plate 705, a W-axis sliding plate 706, a W-axis slide rail 707, a W-axis driving device 708, a flip support 709, a flip axis 710, a suction cup mounting plate 711 and a suction cup 712; the on-machine detection mechanism 8 includes a probe support 801, a probe mounting seat 802 and a probe 803. The U-axis crossbeam 701 is arranged parallel to the X-axis crossbeam 3 and is fixedly installed on the rear side of the X-axis crossbeam 3. The rear side of the U-axis crossbeam 701 is provided with a U-axis guide rail 702 along the X-axis direction, and the horizontal bottom plate 704 acts on the U-axis guide rail 702 through a slider, and reciprocates along the U-axis guide rail 702 under the action of the U-axis driving device 703. The W-axis bottom plate 705 is fixed on the horizontal bottom plate 704, and a slider (not shown in the figure) is fixed on the W-axis bottom plate 705; a W-axis slide rail 707 is arranged on the back of the W-axis sliding plate 706, and the W-axis sliding plate 706 is slidably connected to the W-axis bottom plate 705 through the cooperation between the W-axis slide rail 707 and the slider, and the W-axis sliding plate 706 reciprocates along the Z-axis direction under the action of the W-axis driving device 708. The probe support 801 and the flip support 709 are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the W-axis sliding plate 706. A flip shaft 710 is installed on the flip support 709, and the flip shaft 710 is arranged parallel to the Y-axis direction. Two suction cup mounting plates 711 are fixedly installed on the flip shaft 710, and the two suction cup mounting plates 711 are located in the same radial plane of the flip shaft 710, and four suction cups 712 are arranged on both sides of each suction cup mounting plate 711. The flip support 709 is also provided with a flip driving device (not shown in the figure), through which the suction cup mounting plate 711 can be reciprocated around the axis of the flip shaft 710. The probe mounting seat 802 is fixed on the probe support 801, and the probe 803 is installed in the probe mounting seat 802.

[0026] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to prevent cutting night and chips from affecting the stability and reliability of the loading and unloading manipulator and the on-machine detection mechanism during processing in the processing area, a rear automatic door 12 is provided between the processing area and the loading and unloading area. The rear automatic door 12 is slidably mounted on the U-axis crossbeam 701 and can be opened and closed in the X direction to alternately isolate and protect the three-axis processing system composed of the V-axis moving mechanism 5, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism 4, or the three-axis processing system composed of the Y-axis moving mechanism 6, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism 4.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the material table 9 includes a loading portion 91 and a positioning portion 92, both of which are arranged below the loading and unloading manipulator 7 and are installed side by side on a material table bottom plate 93 along the X direction, and the material table bottom plate 93 is fixed on the bed 1. The positioning portion 92 is located between the loading portion 91 and the V-axis moving mechanism 5. When the loading and unloading manipulator 7 loads materials to the V-axis moving mechanism 5 or the Y-axis moving mechanism 6, the workpiece blank is first taken out from the loading portion 91 and placed on the positioning portion 92 for initial positioning, and then the workpiece blank is transported to the V-axis moving mechanism 5 or the Y-axis moving mechanism 6.

[0028] The loading part 91 includes a basket pushing device 911, a basket mounting plate 912, a basket positioning device 913 and a basket 914. The basket pushing device 911 is installed on the bottom plate 93 of the material platform, and includes a driving part and a guiding part. The basket mounting plate 912 is installed on the basket pushing device 911, and can move along the guiding part under the action of the driving part to achieve backward pushing and retraction in the Y-axis direction. The basket 914 is arranged on the basket mounting plate 912, and is locked and positioned in the X-direction and the Y-direction by the basket positioning device 913. The basket positioning device 913 is respectively installed on the side of the basket mounting plate 912. When the basket pushing device 911 pushes the basket mounting plate 912 backward in the Y-axis direction to the right position, the basket 914 can be replaced. After the replacement is completed, the basket pushing device 911 drives the basket mounting plate 912 to retract, and the loading and unloading actions can be performed.

[0029] The positioning part 92 includes a jig base plate 921, a workpiece support plate 922, a positioning column 923, a connecting column 924, a lateral positioning device 925 and a longitudinal positioning device 926. The jig base plate 921 is mounted on the material table base plate through four positioning columns 923, and the jig base plate 921 and the workpiece support plate 922 are fixed through four connecting columns 924. A lateral positioning slide 927 and a longitudinal positioning slide 928 are respectively provided on the workpiece support plate 922 along the X direction and the Y direction. The lateral positioning device 925 is mounted on the lower side of the jig base plate 921, and its lateral positioning claw passes through the lateral positioning slide 927. The workpiece blank is initially positioned in the X direction by lateral movement in the lateral positioning slide 927. The longitudinal positioning device 926 is mounted on the upper side of the jig base plate 921, and its longitudinal positioning claw passes through the longitudinal positioning slide 928. The workpiece blank is initially positioned in the Y direction by longitudinal movement in the longitudinal positioning slide 928.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, the NG material recovery device 10 includes a material box support 101, a material box pushing device 102, a material box support plate 103 and a material box 104. The material box support 101 is fixed on the bed 1, and the material box pushing device 102 is installed on the material box support 101, including a pushing drive part and a pushing guide part, and the pushing guide part is arranged along the Y-axis direction. The material box support plate 103 is installed on the material box pushing device 102, and can move along the pushing guide part under the action of the pushing drive part to realize backward pushing and retraction in the Y-axis direction. The material box 104 is installed on the material box support plate 103. In this embodiment, the material box 104 and the material box support plate 103 are connected by a drawer-type slide. When the material box pushing device 102 pushes the material box support plate 103 backward in the Y-axis direction to the right position, the material box 104 can be replaced. After the replacement is completed, the material box pushing device 102 drives the material box support plate 103 to retract, and the NG material can continue to be recovered.

[0031] Before the start of processing, the material basket pushing device 911 pushes the material basket mounting plate 912 backwards, and places the material basket 914 containing the workpiece blank on the material basket pushing device 911. Then the material basket positioning device 913 clamps and positions the material basket 914. The material basket pushing device 911 then drives the material basket mounting plate 912 containing the material basket 914 to retreat along the Y-axis direction toward the direction close to the loading and unloading robot 7.

[0032] During the first loading, the loading and unloading robot 7 takes the workpiece blank out of the material basket 914 through the suction cup 712, then drives the workpiece blank to move above the positioning portion 92, and places the workpiece blank on the workpiece support plate 922. The lateral positioning device 925 and the longitudinal positioning device 926 complete the initial positioning, and the loading and unloading robot 7 then uses the suction cup 712 to grab the workpiece blank that has completed the initial positioning and transfer it to the V-axis moving mechanism 5. After the V-axis moving mechanism 5 locks and fixes the workpiece blank, the loading and unloading robot 7 drives the on-machine detection mechanism 8 to perform workpiece alignment detection on the workpiece blank on the V-axis moving mechanism 5. After the alignment is completed, the V-axis moving mechanism 5 moves to the processing area, and the rear automatic door 12 moves horizontally to the rear of the V-axis moving mechanism 5 to isolate the V-axis moving mechanism 5 from the loading and unloading area, and the machine tool performs processing on the workpiece blank on the V-axis moving mechanism 5. The loading and unloading robot 7 continues to grab the next workpiece blank from the material basket 914, and transfers it to the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 after positioning by the positioning part 92. After the workpiece blank is locked and fixed and the alignment detection is completed, the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 moves to the processing area. At the same time, the loading and unloading robot 7 returns to the top of the loading part 91, and continues to grab the next workpiece blank from the material basket 914, and then places it on the positioning part 92 for initial positioning. The loading and unloading robot 7 then uses the suction cup 712 to grab the workpiece blank that has completed the initial positioning and flips it upward, waiting for the V-axis material change signal of the machine tool.

[0033] After the workpiece on the V-axis moving mechanism 5 is processed, the machine tool sends a V-axis material change signal, and the rear automatic door 12 moves horizontally to the rear of the Y-axis moving mechanism 6, isolating the Y-axis moving mechanism 6 from the loading and unloading area, and the machine tool starts to process the workpiece on the Y-axis moving mechanism 6. The V-axis moving mechanism 5 moves from the processing area to the loading and unloading area. After cleaning and blowing, the machine detection mechanism 8 is used to detect the processed workpiece and determine whether the product is qualified. The loading and unloading manipulator 7 uses the empty suction cup 712 on the lower side of the suction cup mounting plate 711 to grab the workpiece that has been processed and inspected on the V-axis moving mechanism 5, and then cleans the positioning fixture on the V-axis moving mechanism 5. The flip shaft 710 flips 180 degrees, with the workpiece blank facing down and the workpiece that has been processed facing up. The loading and unloading manipulator 7 places the workpiece blank on the positioning fixture of the V-axis moving mechanism 5. After completing the locking and alignment detection, the V-axis moving mechanism 5 moves to the processing area again. The loading and unloading robot 7 transports the processed workpiece to the corresponding area according to the inspection result of the processed workpiece. If the processed workpiece passes the inspection, the loading and unloading robot 7 transports the processed workpiece to the material basket 914 of the loading part 91; if the inspection fails, the loading and unloading robot 7 transfers the workpiece to the material box 104 of the NG material recovery device 10. The loading and unloading robot 7 continues to grab the next workpiece blank to be processed from the material basket 914, and then after the initial positioning by the positioning part 92, the loading and unloading robot 7 grabs the workpiece blank again and turns it upward, waiting for the Y-axis material change signal of the machine tool, and so on.

[0034] If, during the above-mentioned cyclic processing, all the workpiece blanks in the material basket 914 are processed or the material box 104 is full of defective products, the material basket pushing device 911 or the material box pushing device 102 is started in time to push out the material basket 914 or the material box 104 for replacement.

[0035] Although the present invention is described in detail above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications based on the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made according to the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading machine tool, characterized in that: It includes a bed, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a V-axis moving mechanism. The bed is divided into two parts from front to back, the front half is the processing area, and the back half is the loading and unloading area. The Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism for mounting workpieces are respectively mounted on the bed through Y-direction guide rails, and can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction between the processing area and the loading and unloading area respectively. The processing area includes an X-axis crossbeam, a column, an X-axis moving mechanism and a Z-axis moving mechanism. The X-axis crossbeam and the column form a gantry structure installed on the bed; the X-axis moving mechanism is installed on the X-axis crossbeam and can reciprocate along the X-axis direction; the Z-axis moving mechanism on which a tool can be installed is installed on the X-axis moving mechanism, and on the one hand, it reciprocates along the Z-axis direction, and on the other hand, it reciprocates along the X-axis direction together with the X-axis moving mechanism; the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism can alternately form a three-axis processing system with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism, and alternately process the workpieces installed on the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism in turn; The loading and unloading area includes an automatic loading and unloading device, which can alternately load and unload the Y-axis moving mechanism and the V-axis moving mechanism, that is, when the Y-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a three-axis machining system, the automatic loading and unloading device automatically loads and unloads the V-axis moving mechanism; when the V-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a three-axis machining system, the automatic loading and unloading device automatically loads and unloads the Y-axis moving mechanism; The automatic loading and unloading device includes a loading and unloading robot, a material table, an on-machine detection mechanism and an NG material recovery device. The material table and the NG material recovery device are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the rear half of the bed, and the loading and unloading robot is installed on the rear side of the X-axis beam; the on-machine detection mechanism is installed on the loading and unloading robot, and the loading and unloading robot drives the on-machine detection mechanism to detect the workpieces processed on the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism. The loading and unloading robot transfers the workpieces that pass the inspection to the material table, and transfers the workpieces that fail the inspection to the NG material recovery device.

2. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and unloading robot transports the workpiece blank on the material table to the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism locks and fixes the workpiece blank; the loading and unloading robot drives the on-machine detection mechanism to perform workpiece alignment detection on the workpiece blank on the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism.

3. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading and unloading manipulator comprises a U-axis crossbeam, a U-axis guide rail, a U-axis driving device, a transverse bottom plate, a W-axis bottom plate, a W-axis sliding plate, a W-axis slide rail, a W-axis driving device, a flip support, a flip axis, a flip driving device, a suction cup mounting plate and a suction cup, and the on-machine detection mechanism comprises a probe support, a probe mounting seat and a probe; the U-axis crossbeam is arranged in parallel with the X-axis crossbeam and is fixedly installed on the rear side of the X-axis crossbeam; a U-axis guide rail is arranged on the rear side of the U-axis crossbeam along the X-axis direction, and the transverse bottom plate acts on the U-axis guide rail through a slider, and reciprocates along the U-axis guide rail under the action of the U-axis driving device; the W-axis bottom plate is fixed on the transverse bottom plate, and the W-axis sliding plate is slidably connected to the W-axis bottom plate through the W-axis slide rail arranged on the back, and can reciprocate along the Z-axis direction under the action of the W-axis driving device; The probe support and the flip support are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the W-axis sliding plate; the flip axis is arranged on the flip support, and can swing back and forth around the Y-axis under the action of the flip driving device. A suction cup mounting plate is fixedly installed on the flip axis, and multiple suction cups are respectively arranged on both sides of the suction cup mounting plate; the probe mounting seat is fixed on the probe support, and the probe is installed in the probe mounting seat.

4. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material table includes a material table bottom plate, a loading part and a positioning part. The material table bottom plate is fixed on the bed, and the loading part and the positioning part are installed side by side on the material table bottom plate. When the loading and unloading robot loads the material, the workpiece blank is taken out from the loading part and placed in the positioning part for initial positioning, and then the workpiece blank is transported to the V-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism.

5. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The loading part includes a material basket pushing device, a material basket mounting plate, a material basket positioning device and a replaceable material basket. The material basket pushing device is installed on the bottom plate of the material table, and the material basket mounting plate is installed on the material basket pushing device, and can be pushed backward and retracted along the Y-axis direction under the action of the material basket pushing device; a material basket positioning device is provided on the material basket mounting plate, which can position and lock the material basket on the material basket mounting plate from two horizontal directions.

6. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning part includes a jig base plate, a workpiece support plate, a connecting column, a transverse positioning device and a longitudinal positioning device. The jig base plate is installed on the material table base plate through four positioning columns, and the jig base plate and the workpiece support plate are fixed through four connecting columns; a plurality of positioning slides are arranged on the workpiece support plate; the transverse positioning device is installed on the lower side of the jig base plate, and positions the workpiece blank in the X direction through the positioning slide; the longitudinal positioning device is installed on the upper side of the jig base plate, and positions the workpiece blank in the Y direction through the positioning slide.

7. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The NG material recovery device includes a material box support, a material box pushing device, a material box pallet and a material box. The material box support is fixed on the bed, the material box pushing device is installed on the material box support, and the material box pallet is installed on the material box pushing device. It can be pushed backward and retracted along the Y-axis direction under the drive of the material box pushing device; the replaceable material box is arranged on the material box pallet.

8. The automatic loading and unloading machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rear automatic door is provided between the processing area and the loading and unloading area. The rear automatic door is slidably mounted on the U-axis crossbeam and can reciprocate in the X direction to alternately protect the three-axis processing system composed of the Y-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism, or the three-axis processing system composed of the V-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism.

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