Oil and gas well testing equipment and oil and gas well testing method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an oil and gas well testing device and an oil and gas well testing method, which belongs to the field of oil and gas extraction technology. The method includes: based on the oil and gas well parameters of the oil and gas well to be tested, determining the size of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly, and assembling the oil and gas well testing device; lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing device to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested; pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete the perforation; obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested. The construction efficiency is improved; the construction cost is reduced, and the components constituting the oil and gas well testing device have high pressure and temperature resistance, high operability and safety, increase the controllability of the oil and gas well testing work, are easy to operate, and help to speed up the progress of oilfield exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of oil and gas extraction, and in particular to an oil and gas well testing device and an oil and gas well testing method. Background Art

[0002] During the oil and gas extraction process, it is usually necessary to conduct oil and gas well production tests before formal extraction to obtain parameters such as the production, pressure, temperature, and liquid properties of the test layer so that appropriate equipment and methods can be selected for subsequent extraction.

[0003] In the related technology, a common oil and gas well testing method is the Annular Pressure Responsive (APR) test, that is, without moving the tubing, the annulus between the tubing and the casing is pressurized and released, and the test valve of the downhole APR test tool is repeatedly opened and closed to obtain test parameters.

[0004] However, the current APR testing process is relatively complex, the construction steps are cumbersome, and the APR testing tool has a complex structure and high cost. Under the current circumstances of strengthening the development of new oil fields, it is not conducive to improving the testing efficiency of oil and gas wells. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides an oil and gas well testing device and an oil and gas well testing method. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides an oil and gas well testing device, the oil and gas well testing device comprising:

[0007] A rupture disc type circulation valve, used to provide a flow path for the fluid to be tested in an open state;

[0008] A pressure transmission joint, used to transmit the axial pressure of the oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein one end of the pressure transmission joint close to the wellhead is connected to one end of the pressure gauge holder close to the well bottom;

[0009] A mechanical packer, used to separate the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the corresponding casing of the oil and gas well to be tested, the mechanical packer being located between the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly;

[0010] The opening assembly is used to provide a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in an open state;

[0011] A perforating assembly, used for perforating the oil and gas well to be tested;

[0012] The end of the positioning nipple near the well bottom is connected to the end of the rupture disc type circulation valve near the wellhead through a first connecting pipe, and the end of the shock absorber near the well bottom is connected to the end of the perforating assembly near the wellhead through a second connecting pipe.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the oil and gas well testing equipment is connected to the oil pipe at one end near the wellhead, and is provided with a wire plug at one end near the bottom of the well, and the wire plug is used to seal the oil and gas well testing equipment.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the opening component includes:

[0015] A pressure transmission pipe, used for transmitting the axial pressure in the oil and gas well testing equipment;

[0016] An upper joint, used for fixed connection with the mechanical packer;

[0017] An outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is provided with a pressure transmission hole for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested;

[0018] A first sealing ring, used to seal the gap between the upper joint and the outer tube;

[0019] A sliding sleeve, wherein the sliding sleeve is provided with an inner hole for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested;

[0020] A pin assembly, used for fixedly connecting the sliding sleeve and the outer cylinder;

[0021] A second sealing ring, used to seal the gap between the lower joint and the outer tube;

[0022] A lower joint, used for fixedly connecting with a shock absorber, wherein the shock absorber is arranged between the hole opening assembly and the perforating assembly, and the shock absorber is used for reducing the vibration intensity of the oil and gas well testing equipment;

[0023] The sliding sleeve sealing ring is used to seal the gap between the sliding sleeve and the pressure transmission pipe and the lower joint.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the number of the pressure transmission holes is the same as the number of the inner holes, and when the pin assembly is in a broken state, the pressure transmission holes are connected to the inner holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the perforating assembly includes an ignition device and a perforating gun, the ignition device contains time-delay gunpowder and explosive, the ignition device is used to ignite the time-delay gunpowder when a preset pressure condition is reached, the time-delay gunpowder is used to ignite the explosive, the explosive is used to provide power for the perforating gun, and the perforating gun is used to perforate the oil and gas well to be tested when the preset power condition is reached.

[0026] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides an oil and gas well testing method, the method comprising:

[0027] Based on the oil and gas well parameters of the oil and gas well to be tested, determine the sizes of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint and the perforation assembly, and assemble the oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein the oil and gas well parameters include the test depth, and the oil and gas well testing equipment is composed of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint, the mechanical packer, the perforation assembly and the perforation assembly;

[0028] Lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, wherein the oil and gas well testing equipment is connected to the bottom end of the oil pipe;

[0029] Pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete perforating;

[0030] The fluid to be tested is obtained and the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested are calculated.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, before lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, the method includes:

[0032] The oil and gas well to be tested is dredged by using the oil pipe, and a scraper is installed on the outer wall of the oil pipe;

[0033] The scraper is used to scrape the inner wall of the casing section corresponding to the mechanical packer.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the oil and gas well testing equipment is further provided with a positioning nipple;

[0035] The step of lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested includes:

[0036] In response to reaching a preset scraping number or the inner diameter of the casing of the pipe section corresponding to the mechanical packer being larger than the outer diameter of the scraper, connecting the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment and starting to lower them;

[0037] Each time the oil pipe is lowered to a preset depth, a liquid cushion is added into the oil pipe, and the liquid cushion is used to balance the pressure on both sides of the oil pipe;

[0038] In response to the oil and gas well testing equipment being lowered to the preset position, the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment is calibrated using the positioning nipple.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete perforating, comprises:

[0040] Installing a test tree for the oil pipe and the casing at the wellhead of the oil and gas well to be tested;

[0041] Pressurizing the annular space between the tubing and the casing until the perforating assembly completes perforating.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, after acquiring the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested, the method includes:

[0043] Pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing until the rupture disc type circulation valve opens, and performing well washing and well killing operations on the oil and gas well to be tested;

[0044] In response to the completion of the well cleaning and well killing operations, the oil and gas well testing equipment is taken out from the oil well to be tested.

[0045] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application include at least:

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the oil and gas well testing equipment is assembled by using relatively mature and low-cost tools and components. The sizes of some components can be adjusted according to the specific well conditions, and the scope of application is wide, especially for offshore oil testing operations, which improves the construction efficiency. The components that constitute the oil and gas well testing equipment have high pressure and temperature resistance, high operability and safety, and solve the problems of complex technical processes such as APR testing, complex tool structure, cumbersome construction steps, and high equipment costs. The controllability of oil and gas well testing work is increased, the operation is convenient, and it helps to speed up the progress of oilfield exploration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an oil and gas well testing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an oil and gas well testing device provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hole-opening device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 4 is a flow chart of an oil and gas well testing method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of an oil and gas well testing method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] The term "multiple" as used herein refers to two or more than two. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0054] In the related technology, the common oil and gas well testing method is APR testing, that is, without moving the pipe string, the annulus between the oil pipe and the casing is pressurized and depressurized to achieve multiple well opening and closing operations of the test valve of the downhole APR testing tool to obtain the test parameters. However, the current APR testing process is relatively complicated, the construction steps are cumbersome, and the structure of the APR testing tool is complex and the cost is high. Under the current situation of strengthening the development of new oil fields, it is not conducive to improving the testing efficiency of oil and gas wells.

[0055] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide an oil and gas well testing device and an oil and gas well testing method, which can reduce the cost of oil and gas well testing and improve the efficiency of oil and gas well testing. Figure 1 A structural side view of an oil and gas well testing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the oil and gas well testing equipment at least includes: a rupture disc type circulation valve 104, a pressure transmission joint 106, a mechanical packer 107, a perforation assembly 108, and a perforation assembly 111. Among them, the rupture disc type circulation valve 104 is used to provide a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in an open state. The pressure transmission joint 106 is used to transmit the axial pressure of the oil and gas well testing equipment, and the end of the pressure transmission joint 106 close to the wellhead is connected to the end of the pressure gauge holder 105 close to the bottom of the well. The mechanical packer 107 is used to separate the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the corresponding casing of the oil and gas well to be tested, so as to obtain an annular space 115a and a closed annular space 115b, and the mechanical packer 107 is located between the pressure transmission joint 106 and the perforation assembly 108. The perforation assembly 108 is used to provide a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in an open state. The perforation assembly 111 is used to perforate the oil and gas well to be tested, and the perforation assembly 111 includes an ignition head 111a and a perforating gun 111b. The oil and gas well testing equipment shown in the figure is not in contact with the bottom of the well 113.

[0057] like Figure 2As shown, optionally, the oil and gas well testing equipment can also be provided with a positioning nipple 102, and the positioning nipple 102 is used to calibrate the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment in the oil and gas well to be tested. Optionally, a pressure gauge holder 105 can also be provided in the oil and gas well testing equipment, and the pressure gauge holder 105 is used to carry the pressure gauge, and the end of the pressure gauge holder 105 close to the wellhead is connected to the end of the rupture disc type circulation valve 104 close to the bottom of the well. Optionally, a shock absorber 109 can also be provided in the oil and gas well testing equipment, and the shock absorber 109 is used to reduce the vibration intensity of the oil and gas well testing equipment, and the end of the shock absorber 109 close to the wellhead is connected to the end of the opening assembly 108 close to the bottom of the well. Figure 2 Only one arrangement of the positioning nipple, the pressure gauge holder and the shock absorber in the oil and gas well testing equipment is shown. In other possible implementations, the positioning nipple, the pressure gauge holder and the shock absorber may also be arranged at other positions of the oil and gas well testing equipment, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] In a possible implementation, one end of the positioning nipple near the well bottom is connected to one end of the rupture disc circulation valve near the wellhead through a first connecting pipe, and one end of the shock absorber near the well bottom is connected to one end of the perforating assembly near the wellhead through a second connecting pipe.

[0059] The working principle of the oil and gas well equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below:

[0060] After the oil and gas well testing equipment reaches the preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, the mechanical packer separates the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the casing in the setting state, such as Figure 1 As shown, the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the inner wall of the casing 114 is divided into an upper annular space 115a and a lower sealed annular space 115b. The casing is a steel pipe used to support the well wall of the oil and gas well to ensure the normal operation of the entire oil well during the drilling process and after completion.

[0061] When the pressure in the annular space between the oil pipe, the oil and gas well testing equipment and the casing increases, the pressure on the oil and gas well testing equipment increases, and the pressure transmission joint transmits the pressure axially to the perforating assembly 108, so that the perforating assembly 108 reaches the perforating state under the action of pressure, thereby providing a channel for fluid circulation; at the same time, when the pressure value reaches the perforating condition, the perforating assembly performs transverse perforations on the casing wall and the well wall of the oil and gas well to be tested, and the fluid in the formation outside the well automatically flows into the closed annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the casing through the holes in the well wall and the casing wall under the action of the formation pressure. When the fluid in the closed annular space gradually increases and reaches the perforating equipment, it flows into the oil and gas well testing equipment through the perforating equipment. After the formation fluid flows into the well and the oil and gas well testing equipment, the construction personnel can obtain the fluid production, pressure, temperature, fluid properties and other test parameters corresponding to the oil and gas well to be tested based on the data collected by the oil and gas well testing equipment. Schematically, measuring instruments such as temperature instruments and gamma instruments can also be set in the oil and gas well testing equipment.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the pressure gauge holder carries at least one storage-type electronic pressure gauge, which can collect and store pressure values ​​and store the measured pressure values, so that construction personnel can take out the pressure gauge and read the stored pressure values ​​after the test.

[0063] In a possible implementation, one end of the oil and gas well testing equipment close to the wellhead is connected to the oil pipe, and one end of the oil and gas well testing equipment close to the well bottom is provided with a wire plug, which is used to seal the oil and gas well testing equipment.

[0064] Figure 3 An axial cross-sectional view of a hole opening assembly in an oil and gas well testing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0065] The opening assembly includes: a pressure transmission pipe 301, an upper joint 302, an outer cylinder 303, a first sealing ring 304, a pin assembly 305, a sleeve 308, a second sealing ring 309, a sleeve sealing ring 310 and a lower joint 311, wherein the outer cylinder 303 is provided with a pressure transmission hole 306 that radially penetrates the cylinder wall, and the sleeve 308 is provided with an inner hole 307 that radially penetrates the sleeve 308 wall. The pressure transmission pipe 301 is used to transmit the axial pressure in the oil and gas well testing equipment. The upper joint 302 is used to Figure 1 The first sealing ring 304 is used to seal the gap between the upper joint 302 and the outer tube 303. The pin assembly 305 is used to fix the sliding sleeve 308 and the outer tube 303. The second sealing ring 309 is used to seal the gap between the lower joint 311 and the outer tube 303. The lower joint 311 is used to seal the gap between the upper joint 302 and the outer tube 303. Figure 1The sleeve seal ring 310 is used to seal the gap between the sleeve 308 and the pressure transmission pipe 301 and the lower joint 311.

[0066] In a possible implementation manner, the number of the pressure transmission holes is the same as the number of the inner holes, and when the pin assembly is in a broken state, the pressure transmission holes are connected to the inner holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0067] The working principle of the hole opening assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below:

[0068] The pressure transmission pipe in the opening assembly is used to axially transmit the pressure of the oil and gas well collection equipment. When the pressure value in the annular space above the mechanical packer increases, the pressure value transmitted by the pressure transmission pipe increases. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure transmission pipe reaches the pressure value corresponding to the fracture condition of the pin assembly, the pin assembly is cut off. At this time, the sleeve moves upward under the action of pressure, and is blocked by the upper joint when the upper end of the sleeve reaches the convex surface of the upper joint. At this time, the inner hole in the sleeve is just connected to the pressure transmission hole in the outer tube one by one, so that the fluid in the well flows into the opening assembly and then flows upward into the oil pipe.

[0069] In a possible embodiment, the perforating assembly includes an ignition device and a perforating gun. The ignition device contains time-delay gunpowder and explosive. The ignition device is used to ignite the time-delay gunpowder when a preset pressure condition is reached. The time-delay gunpowder is used to ignite the explosive. The explosive is used to provide power for the perforating gun. The perforating gun is used to perforate the oil and gas well to be tested when the preset power condition is reached.

[0070] Among them, the ignition device is a pressurized ignition device. When the pressure on the ignition device reaches the preset pressure condition, the delayed gunpowder is ignited. After burning for a certain period of time (usually 6 to 10 minutes), the delayed gunpowder burns out and ignites the explosive, thereby providing power for the perforating gun, allowing the perforating gun to shoot horizontal perforating bullets, penetrate the casing and the well wall, and provide a channel for the fluid in the formation.

[0071] To sum up, the components used in the oil and gas well testing equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application are relatively mature and have low manufacturing costs, and have a wide range of applications, especially for offshore oil testing operations, which improves construction efficiency. The components that constitute the oil and gas well testing equipment have high pressure and temperature resistance, and have high operability and safety. They solve the problems of complex technical processes such as APR testing, complex tool structures, cumbersome construction steps, and high equipment costs. They increase the controllability of oil and gas well testing work, facilitate operation, and help speed up the progress of oilfield exploration.

[0072] Figure 4 A flow chart of an oil and gas well testing method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 1 Taking the oil and gas well testing equipment shown in the figure as an example, the method includes:

[0073] Step 301, based on the oil and gas well parameters of the oil and gas well to be tested, determine the sizes of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly, and assemble the oil and gas well testing equipment, the oil and gas well parameters including the test depth.

[0074] Among them, oil and gas well testing equipment is Figure 1 The oil and gas well testing equipment shown is composed of components such as a rupture disc circulation valve, a pressure transmission joint, a mechanical packer, a hole opening assembly and a perforating assembly.

[0075] The construction personnel first need to determine the depth of the test layer in the oil and gas well to be tested, and determine the size of the rupture disc circulation valve, pressure transmission joint and opening assembly according to the depth. After the components required for the oil and gas well testing equipment are prepared, the construction personnel follow the Figure 1 The structure of the oil and gas well testing equipment is shown, and the oil and gas well testing equipment is assembled and checked for sealing.

[0076] Step 402, lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, and connecting the oil and gas well testing equipment to the bottom end of the oil pipe.

[0077] After the oil and gas well testing equipment is assembled, the construction workers connect it to the oil pipe and lower the oil and gas well testing equipment from the casing to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, that is, lower the perforating assembly in the oil and gas well testing equipment to the required perforating depth.

[0078] Step 403, pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space enables the perforating assembly to complete perforating.

[0079] When the oil and gas well testing equipment reaches the preset position, the construction personnel open the mechanical packer, causing it to expand and seal the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the casing. The annular space from the mechanical packer to the bottom of the well is in a closed state.

[0080] After the sealing is completed, the construction personnel pressurize the annular space above the mechanical packer. In the embodiment of the present application, the personnel directly pressurize at the wellhead, that is, the liquid used for washing and pressing the well in the previous oil and gas well is used to directly transmit pressure to complete the perforation. After the pressure value of the oil and gas well testing equipment reaches the pressure value required for the perforation condition, the perforating assembly transversely perforates the casing wall and the well wall, so that the fluid in the formation flows through the holes into the closed annular space below the oil and gas well to be tested.

[0081] Step 404, obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested.

[0082] In the process of pressurizing the annular space, the perforating assembly in the oil and gas well testing equipment enters the perforating state under the action of pressure, that is, the inner hole is connected to the pressure transmission hole, providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in the well, completing the circulation of the fluid in the well. After the perforation is completed, the construction personnel calculate the production and close the well to measure the pressure after obtaining the parameters to be tested.

[0083] To sum up, in the embodiments of the present application, the oil and gas well testing equipment is assembled by using relatively mature and low-cost tools and components. The sizes of some components can be adjusted according to the specific well conditions, and the scope of application is wide, especially for offshore oil testing operations, which improves the construction efficiency. The components that constitute the oil and gas well testing equipment have high pressure and temperature resistance, high operability and safety, and solve the problems of complex technical processes such as APR testing, complex tool structure, cumbersome construction steps, and high equipment costs. The controllability of oil and gas well testing work is increased, the operation is convenient, and it helps to speed up the progress of oilfield exploration.

[0084] Figure 5 A flow chart of an oil and gas well testing method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 Taking the oil and gas well testing equipment shown in the figure as an example, the method includes:

[0085] Step 501, based on the oil and gas well parameters of the oil and gas well to be tested, determine the sizes of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly, and assemble the oil and gas well testing equipment, the oil and gas well parameters including the test depth.

[0086] The specific implementation of step 501 can refer to the above step 401, and the embodiment of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0087] Step 502, the oil and gas well to be tested is dredged using an oil pipe, and a scraper is installed on the outer wall of the oil pipe.

[0088] Well clearing refers to unblocking the wellbore. When performing certain downhole operations (such as logging, casing installation, etc.), in order to ensure the success of the operation and without obstruction or jamming, it is often necessary to clear the well first. The method of clearing the well is to lower the drill bit into the well, use the drill bit to pass through the wellbore, and make the wellbore unblocked. The embodiment of the present application uses an oil pipe to clear the oil and gas well to be tested. In one possible implementation, a casing scraper is provided on the outer wall of the oil pipe for scraping the casing after clearing the well.

[0089] Step 503: Use a scraper to scrape the inner wall of the casing section corresponding to the mechanical packer.

[0090] Scraping refers to the operation of running a tubing string with a scraper into the well to scrape the inner wall of the casing and remove cement, hard wax, salt scale and other debris on the inner wall of the casing. The purpose is to make the inner wall of the casing smooth and unobstructed, and to remove obstacles for the smooth running of tools such as oil and gas well testing equipment.

[0091] In one possible implementation, in the oil and gas well testing equipment of the embodiment of the present application, the mechanical packer is the component with the largest diameter. Therefore, after the well is qualified, the construction personnel need to scrape the entire inner wall of the casing, that is, scrape from the wellhead to the bottom of the well, and also need to scrape the inner wall of the casing section corresponding to the mechanical packer.

[0092] Step 504 , in response to the preset scraping times, the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment are connected and started to be lowered.

[0093] Illustratively, in the embodiment of the present application, the construction personnel scrape the inner wall of the casing section corresponding to the mechanical packer at least three times. After the scraping operation is completed, the oil pipe is withdrawn from the well, and the oil and gas well testing equipment connected to the oil pipe is lowered into the well.

[0094] In a possible implementation, when the oil and gas well testing equipment is on the ground, the rupture disc circulation valve is in a closed state, the internal and external pressure difference of the rupture disc circulation valve is 0, the internal and external pressures are balanced, and the hole opening device is also in a closed state when going down the well.

[0095] Step 505, each time the oil pipe is lowered to a preset depth, a liquid cushion is added into the oil pipe, and the liquid cushion is used to balance the pressure on both sides of the oil pipe.

[0096] During the process of lowering the tubing, construction workers add a liquid cushion inside the tubing every time the preset depth is reached, thereby balancing the internal and external pressures of the tubing in the well and preventing the tubing from rupturing due to excessive internal and external pressure differences during the lowering process and subsequent pressurization process.

[0097] Indicatively, the construction workers add a liquid cushion every time they lower 10 tubings (i.e. 100m) until the tubing reaches the designed depth calculated by negative pressure. During the lowering process, the on-site technicians on duty need to closely observe the well conditions in the annular space to determine whether there is any leakage in the downhole tubing.

[0098] Step 506 , in response to the oil and gas well testing equipment being lowered to a preset position, the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment is calibrated using a positioning nipple.

[0099] When the oil and gas well testing equipment is lowered to a preset position, the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment needs to be further accurately calibrated. In a possible implementation, a positioning nipple is also provided in the oil and gas well testing equipment, and construction personnel use the positioning nipple to position the oil and gas well testing equipment.

[0100] Usually, the pipeline positioning in oil and gas wells adopts the magnetic positioning method, which uses the rays emitted by the natural radioactive materials contained in the formation itself to determine the location of the positioning short section.

[0101] After calibration, operators inflate the mechanical packer to seal the annular space between the casing and the well testing equipment.

[0102] Step 507, installing a test tree for the oil pipe and casing at the wellhead of the oil and gas well to be tested.

[0103] When the construction personnel ensure that the oil and gas well testing equipment reaches the preset position and the mechanical packer is accurately positioned, the test tree is installed at the wellhead of the oil and gas well to be tested to seal the wellhead position. The upper part is connected to equipment such as blowout preventers and blowout preventers, and the lower part is connected to the oil pipe. The flow head is usually equipped with a rotating short section for rotating the lower pipe string, such as the packer, so as to control the oil pipe in the well and the oil and gas well testing equipment.

[0104] Step 508, pressurizing the annular space between the tubing and the casing until the perforating assembly completes perforating.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the construction personnel pressurize the annular space between the tubing and the casing until the perforating assembly completes the perforation. The pressurization process can refer to the above step 403, and the present embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0106] Step 509, obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested.

[0107] The specific implementation of step 509 can refer to the above step 409, and the embodiment of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0108] Step 510, pressurize the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing until the rupture disc circulation valve opens, and perform well washing and well killing operations on the oil and gas well to be tested.

[0109] After the test is completed, the construction personnel need to conduct back pressure from the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing to open the rupture disc circulation valve so that the fluid to be tested in the well can complete the fluid circulation.

[0110] In one possible implementation, in order to prevent the dirt attached to the inner wall (casing inner wall) of the oil and gas well to be tested from polluting the environment and affecting the safety of operations, construction personnel need to clean the inside and outside of the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment before pulling out the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment, that is, perform a cleaning operation; and well pressure is to make the quiet night column pressure in the wellbore greater than or equal to the formation pressure, so as to obtain sufficiently safe time to complete the wellhead disassembly, pull out the oil pipe and oil and gas well testing equipment, restore the wellhead and other operations, so as to ensure the safety of operations.

[0111] Step 511, in response to the completion of the well washing and well killing operations, the oil and gas well testing equipment is removed from the oil well to be tested.

[0112] After the cleaning and well-killing operations are completed, the construction personnel will remove the oil and gas well testing equipment from the oil well to be tested, and restore the wellhead to complete the oil and gas well testing operation.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present application, the steps of performing pressure-controlled perforation testing using oil and gas well testing equipment are relatively simple and easy to operate, and the test can be completed in one downhole operation, thereby improving the efficiency of oil and gas well testing; and, construction personnel only need to adjust the sizes of some components in the oil and gas well testing equipment based on the specific well conditions, thereby improving the applicability and utilization rate of the oil and gas well testing equipment, and further reducing the implementation cost of oil and gas well testing work.

[0114] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An oil and gas well testing device, characterized in that: The oil and gas well testing equipment is connected to the oil pipe at one end close to the wellhead, and the oil and gas well testing equipment comprises: A rupture disc type circulation valve, used to provide a flow path for the fluid to be tested in an open state; A pressure transmission joint, used to transmit the axial pressure of the oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein one end of the pressure transmission joint close to the wellhead is connected to one end of the pressure gauge support tube close to the well bottom; A mechanical packer, used to separate the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the corresponding casing of the oil and gas well to be tested, the mechanical packer is located between the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly; The hole opening component is used to provide a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in an open state; the hole opening component includes: a pressure transmission pipe for transmitting the axial pressure in the oil and gas well testing equipment; an upper joint for fixedly connecting with the mechanical packer; an outer cylinder, in which a pressure transmission hole for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested is provided; a first sealing ring for sealing the gap between the upper joint and the outer cylinder; a sliding sleeve, in which an inner hole for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested is provided; a pin assembly for fixedly connecting the sliding sleeve and the outer cylinder; a second sealing ring for sealing the gap between the lower joint and the outer cylinder; and a lower joint for connecting with a shock absorber. The shock absorber is fixedly connected, and is arranged between the opening assembly and the perforating assembly, and is used to reduce the vibration intensity of the oil and gas well testing equipment; a sleeve sealing ring is used to seal the gap between the sleeve and the pressure transmission pipe and the lower joint; wherein, when the pressure value transmitted by the pressure transmission pipe reaches the pressure value corresponding to the fracture condition of the pin assembly, the pin assembly is cut off, and at this time, the sleeve moves upward under the action of pressure, and is blocked by the upper joint when the upper end of the sleeve reaches the convex surface of the upper joint, the number of the pressure transmission holes is the same as that of the inner holes, and the inner holes of the sleeve are connected to the pressure transmission holes in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the fluid in the well flows into the opening assembly and then flows upward into the oil pipe; A perforating assembly, used for perforating the oil and gas well to be tested; A positioning nipple, wherein one end of the positioning nipple near the bottom of the well is connected to one end of the rupture disc type circulation valve near the wellhead via a first connecting pipe, wherein each time the preset depth is lowered, a liquid cushion is added to the oil pipe, and the liquid cushion is used to balance the pressure on both sides of the oil pipe, and one end of the shock absorber near the bottom of the well is connected to one end of the perforating assembly near the wellhead via a second connecting pipe.

2. The oil and gas well testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wire plug is arranged at one end of the oil and gas well testing equipment close to the bottom of the well, and the wire plug is used to seal the oil and gas well testing equipment.

3. The oil and gas well testing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The perforating assembly includes an ignition device and a perforating gun. The ignition device contains time-delay gunpowder and explosive. The ignition device is used to ignite the time-delay gunpowder when a preset pressure condition is reached. The time-delay gunpowder is used to ignite the explosive. The explosive is used to provide power for the perforating gun. The perforating gun is used to perforate the oil and gas well to be tested when the preset power condition is reached.

4. A method for testing an oil and gas well, characterized in that: The method is performed based on the oil and gas well testing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the method comprises: Based on the oil and gas well parameters of the oil and gas well to be tested, determine the sizes of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint and the perforation assembly, and assemble the oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein the oil and gas well parameters include the test depth, and the oil and gas well testing equipment is composed of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint, the mechanical packer, the perforation assembly and the perforation assembly; Lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, wherein the oil and gas well testing equipment is connected to the bottom end of the oil pipe; Pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete perforating; The fluid to be tested is obtained and the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested are calculated.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Before lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, the method includes: The oil and gas well to be tested is dredged by using the oil pipe, and a scraper is installed on the outer wall of the oil pipe; The scraper is used to scrape the inner wall of the casing section corresponding to the mechanical packer.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested includes: In response to reaching a preset scraping number, connecting the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment and starting to lower them; In response to the oil and gas well testing equipment being lowered to the preset position, the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment is calibrated using the positioning nipple.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The step of pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete perforating includes: Installing a test tree for the oil pipe and the casing at the wellhead of the oil and gas well to be tested; Pressurizing the annular space between the tubing and the casing until the perforating assembly completes perforating.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: After obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested, the method includes: Pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing until the rupture disc type circulation valve opens, and performing well washing and well killing operations on the oil and gas well to be tested; In response to the completion of the well cleaning and well killing operations, the oil and gas well testing equipment is removed from the oil and gas well to be tested.

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