A biomass fuel molding and granulation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biomass fuel forming and granulating device, comprising a pulverizing mechanism for pulverizing and stirring biomass raw materials, a drying mechanism for stirring and drying the biomass raw materials is arranged at the lower side of the pulverizing mechanism, an extrusion granulating mechanism is installed at the lower end of the drying mechanism, a base is installed at the lower end of the extrusion granulating mechanism, and a receiving box for receiving materials is arranged at the upper end of the base located at the lower side of the discharge port of the extrusion granulating mechanism; the present invention can solve the following problems existing in the process of producing biomass fuel particles in the prior art: the process of pulverizing biomass raw materials is relatively simple, resulting in poor pulverizing effect on biomass raw materials; there is no mechanism for stirring biomass raw materials in the entire process of manufacturing biomass fuel; air can only be blown at a fixed point, so that the biomass raw materials on the lower side are easy to block the air duct, and the biomass raw materials on the upper side cannot be blown and dried, which reduces the drying effect of the biomass raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biomass fuel production, and in particular to a biomass fuel molding and granulation device. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel refers to the burning of biomass materials as fuel. It is generally made from straw, rice husks, peanut shells, corn cobs, tea oil shells, cottonseed shells, etc., which are crushed, mixed, extruded, dried and other processes to form dense rods, blocks or granules. It is a new type of clean fuel that can be used for direct combustion. Its performance is better than wood, equivalent to medium-quality bituminous coal, and can be directly burned with significantly improved combustion characteristics. It also has the advantages of less black smoke, strong firepower, full combustion, no fly ash, clean and hygienic, and is easy to transport and store. It can replace coal for direct combustion in boilers for power generation or heating, and can also be used to solve basic living energy problems in rural areas. Because biomass materials have the above advantages, there are also a large number of biomass fuel production companies in the existing market that produce and sell biomass fuels.

[0003] In the prior art, a large number of biomass fuel production devices are also disclosed. Among them, for example, a Chinese patent with publication number CN113881474A discloses a biomass fuel granulation device and a granulation method thereof; when in use, the biomass raw material is pulverized by a pulverizing mechanism; the pulverized biomass raw material falls into a feed pipe, and then a beating motor indirectly drives a push-pull connecting rod to beat the pulverized raw material in the feed pipe; at the same time, an air heater heats the air, and a blower introduces hot air into the feed pipe to pre-dry the raw material; the raw material enters the spiral extrusion cylinder through the feed inlet along the feed pipe, and the spiral extrusion motor and the pelletizing motor cooperate to realize the granulation of biomass fuel particles.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned prior art is used to produce biomass fuel, the biomass raw material cannot be stirred during the pulverization process, and the pulverization process of the biomass raw material is relatively simple, resulting in a poor pulverization effect of the biomass raw material;

[0005] Moreover, there is no mechanism for stirring the biomass raw materials in the entire process of manufacturing biomass fuel. If a variety of biomass raw materials are used for production, the biomass raw materials that are not stirred evenly will affect the subsequent granulation effect, thereby reducing the quality of the biomass fuel.

[0006] Furthermore, when the biomass raw materials are blown to dry, the air can only be blown at a fixed point, and the biomass raw materials fall freely in the discharge pipe, so that the biomass raw materials on the lower side block the air duct, and the biomass raw materials on the upper side cannot be blown to dry, thereby reducing the effect of drying the biomass raw materials.

[0007] Therefore, based on the above-stated viewpoints, there is still room for improvement in the existing technology in the production of biomass fuels. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a biomass fuel molding and granulation device, including a crushing mechanism for crushing and stirring biomass raw materials, a drying mechanism for stirring and drying the biomass raw materials is arranged at the lower side of the crushing mechanism, an extrusion granulation mechanism is installed at the lower end of the drying mechanism, a base is installed at the lower end of the extrusion granulation mechanism, and a material receiving box for receiving materials is arranged at the upper end of the base located at the lower side of the discharge port of the extrusion granulation mechanism.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the biomass raw materials to be crushed are first placed in the crushing mechanism, and the crushing mechanism can stir the biomass raw materials while crushing them, thereby increasing the mixing uniformity of the biomass raw materials; then the biomass raw materials during the crushing process and after the crushing are dried by the drying mechanism, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of drying the biomass raw materials; the biomass raw materials after drying will fall downward into the extrusion granulation mechanism, and at this time the extrusion granulation mechanism can extrude the crushed and dried biomass raw materials, so that the biomass raw materials can form relatively compact cylindrical particles after passing through the extrusion granulation mechanism; then the biomass fuel particles will fall into the receiving box, thereby completing the production of the biomass fuel particles.

[0010] The pulverizing mechanism comprises a raw material cover of an hourglass-shaped structure, a supporting ring is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the raw material cover, a screening circular plate for ventilation is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring so that the drying mechanism can dry the pulverized raw material, screening holes are evenly arranged on the screening circular plate, support plates are evenly arranged on the upper end of the supporting ring, a supporting liner of a conical structure is installed between the upper ends of the supporting plates, pulverizing threads for pulverizing the raw material are arranged on the outer surface of the supporting liner and on the inner wall of the raw material cover, and crushing units are relatively arranged on the raw material cover and the supporting liner, and a driving unit for driving the raw material cover and the supporting ring to rotate in the opposite direction is also arranged between the raw material cover and the supporting ring.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the raw materials can be stirred during the process of being crushed; first, the raw materials are placed from the upper end of the raw material cover to the inside of the raw material cover, and the supporting inner tank can support the raw materials, and then the raw material cover and the supporting inner tank are driven by the driving unit to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the crushing threads in the raw material cover can drive the raw materials to move downward during the rotation, so that the raw materials can be crushed and stirred by the crushing threads on both sides, and this crushing method can increase the efficiency and effect of crushing the raw materials; the raw materials stirred by the crushing threads will fall to the crushing unit, and the crushing unit can crush the raw materials.

[0012] The drying mechanism includes a reciprocating unit connected to the driving unit and driven thereby to perform reciprocating motion, an exhaust pipe located on the lower side of the screening circular plate and used to discharge hot air is installed at the lower end of the reciprocating unit, a drying hood rotatably connected to a supporting ring is slidably arranged on the outer surface of the exhaust pipe, and a stirring and discharging unit for stirring and discharging raw materials is arranged inside the drying hood.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the raw materials in the crushing process and the raw materials after crushing can be dried; when the raw materials need to be dried, the exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet of the external hot air blower, and then the hot air blower can discharge hot air into the drying hood through the exhaust pipe, and the hot air can pass through the screening circular plate to dry the raw material fragments located at the upper end of the screening circular plate, and can also dry the raw materials located between the raw material cover and the support liner from between the support plates, and can also dry the raw material fragments that pass through the screening circular plate and fall into the drying hood. When the raw materials on the screening circular plate rotate with the screening circular plate, the hot air discharged from the exhaust pipe can also blow the raw material fragments at different positions on the screening circular plate upwards, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of drying the raw materials.

[0014] Preferably, the driving unit includes a connecting plate, an internal gear, a planetary gear, a gear rod, a connecting ring, a fixed connecting rod, a driver and an annular gear. The connecting plates are evenly mounted on the upper end of the supporting ring and are located on the outside of the raw material cover. An internal gear is arranged between the upper ends of the connecting plates. A plurality of planetary gears distributed in an annular shape are arranged on the inner side of the internal gear in a meshing manner. A gear rod is arranged in the middle of the planetary gears. A connecting ring is arranged between the upper ends of the gear rods in a rotationally matched manner. A fixed connecting rod connected to the reciprocating unit is arranged on the connecting ring. A driver located on the side away from the reciprocating unit is also arranged on the internal gear. An annular gear fixed to the outer wall of the raw material cover is meshed between the planetary gears.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving unit can drive the raw material cover and the supporting inner liner to rotate in opposite directions; when working, the internal gear is driven to rotate by the driver, and when the internal gear rotates, it can drive the planetary gear to rotate, and when the planetary gear rotates, it can drive the ring gear and the supporting inner liner to rotate. At this time, the rotation directions of the supporting inner liner and the raw material cover are opposite. By driving the supporting inner liner and the raw material cover to rotate at the same time, the efficiency of the crushing thread in crushing the raw material can be increased.

[0016] Preferably, the driver includes an annular pulley, a transmission belt, a driven pulley, a pulley rod, a driving motor, a motor plate and a support frame, the annular pulley is installed at the upper end of the internal gear, a driven pulley for transmission cooperation is arranged on the outer side of the annular pulley through the transmission belt, a pulley rod is installed in the middle of the driven pulley, a driving motor is installed at the lower end of the pulley rod, the driving motor is fixed to the extrusion granulation mechanism through the motor plate, a support frame for supporting the pulley rod is rotatably arranged at the two side ends of the outer side surface of the pulley rod, the lower end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the drying hood, and a fixed connecting rod connected to the connecting ring is also installed on the side of the support frame close to the raw material hood.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal gear can be driven to rotate; when working, the driving motor is turned on, and the rotation of the output shaft of the driving motor can indirectly drive the driven pulley to rotate. When the driven pulley rotates, the annular pulley and the internal gear can be driven to rotate through the transmission belt, thereby achieving the function of driving the annular pulley to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, the crushing unit comprises an annular inclined filter plate, a gear connecting rod, a crushing cutter head, a driven gear, a double-sided gear, a driving gear, a transmission motor, an annular cover, a single-sided gear and a connecting arc block. The annular inclined filter plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the raw material cover and is located at the lower side of the crushing thread. The annular inclined filter plate is provided with inclined filter holes with a diameter equivalent to the screening hole. The inner side wall of the annular inclined filter plate is in contact with the outer side surface of the supporting inner tank. The supporting inner tank and the raw material cover are evenly provided with through-rod through holes on the upper side of the annular inclined filter plate. Gear connecting rods are rotatably arranged in the through-rod through holes. The gear connecting rods are located between the raw material cover and the support A crushing blade is installed at one end between the supporting inner pots, and a driven gear is installed at the other end of the gear connecting rod. A double-sided gear with an annular structure is meshed between the driven gears located on the inner side of the supporting inner pot, and the double-sided gear rotates with the supporting inner pot. A plurality of driving gears are meshed on the lower side of the double-sided gear. A transmission motor fixedly connected to the supporting inner pot is arranged in the middle of the driving gear. An annular cover is also arranged on the inner wall of the supporting inner pot. Single-sided gears with an annular structure are meshed between the driven gears located on the outer side of the raw material cover. Connecting arc blocks are evenly arranged at the lower ends of the single-sided gears, and the connecting arc blocks are fixedly connected to the driving unit.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, the raw materials after the crushing threads can be crushed; specifically, when the raw material cover rotates, the gear connecting rod can be driven to rotate, and when the gear connecting rod rotates along the raw material cover, the driven gear located outside the raw material cover can drive the outer crushing cutter head to rotate under the action of the single-sided gear; at the same time, the transmission motor is turned on, and the output shaft of the transmission motor can drive the driving gear to rotate, and when the driving gear rotates, it can drive the double-sided gear to rotate, and when the double-sided gear rotates, it can drive all the driven gears meshing with it to rotate, so that the inner crushing cutter head can rotate with the inner driven gear and the gear connecting rod; the inner crushing cutter head rotates in the opposite direction to the outer crushing cutter head, which can increase the crushing effect on the raw materials, and the crushing cutter head can also crush the raw materials at different positions under the rotation of the raw material cover and the supporting inner tank, further improving the crushing effect on the raw materials.

[0020] Preferably, an upper baffle is hingedly provided at the opening at the upper end of the raw material cover, and balls that fit with the supporting ring are evenly provided at the lower end of the raw material cover by rolling cooperation, an annular filter plate that fits with the raw material cover is fixedly provided between the support plates, and filter holes with a diameter smaller than the screening holes are provided on the annular filter plate, and grinding rings located at the upper end of the annular filter plate and distributed one inside and one outside are respectively provided on the inner side of the raw material cover and the outer side of the support liner, the upper end of the grinding ring is an arc structure, and relative grinding grooves are provided on the grinding rings.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper baffle cover can prevent the hot air discharged from the exhaust pipe from quickly escaping from the raw material cover, thereby increasing the effect of drying the raw materials; the ball can reduce the friction between the raw material cover and the supporting ring, and the annular filter plate can support the raw materials that have been processed by the crushing unit and are smaller than the filter hole, and the grinding rings on the inner and outer sides can grind the raw materials located at the upper end of the annular filter plate during the reverse rotation, thereby further increasing the effect of crushing the raw materials.

[0022] Preferably, the reciprocating unit includes a limit connecting plate, a reset spring rod, a driven rod, a friction-reducing ball, an exhaust port and a one-way valve. The limit connecting plate is connected to a fixed connecting rod away from the driving motor. The lower end of the limit connecting plate is fixed to the extrusion granulation mechanism. A reset spring rod facing the raw material cover is installed on the limit connecting plate. The telescopic end of the reset spring rod is installed with a driven rod. A friction-reducing ball that fits the outer side surface of the inner gear is rollingly arranged on the upper end of the driven rod, and the outer side surface of the inner gear is a wavy structure. The lower end of the driven rod is connected to the exhaust duct. The exhaust duct is evenly provided with exhaust ports facing the screening circular plate and the lower end in the drying hood, and a one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust port.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the reciprocating unit can drive the exhaust duct to move back and forth under the drive of the internal gear; when the internal gear rotates, the driven rod can move back and forth under the extrusion of the internal gear and the elastic action of the return spring rod, and when the driven rod moves, it can drive the exhaust duct to move, so that the hot air blown out from the one-way valve can be blown to different positions, increasing the flow path of the hot air; the one-way valve can prevent the raw materials from entering the exhaust duct and causing blockage of the exhaust duct.

[0024] Preferably, the stirring and discharging unit comprises a discharging cylinder, a limiting connecting block, a supporting plate bar, a connecting swivel, a semicircular supporting plate, an annular connecting block, a rotating connecting rod, a stirring bar and a stirring plate. The discharging cylinder is installed at the lower end of the middle of the screening circular plate. A limiting connecting block is arranged at the lower end of the discharging cylinder. A supporting plate bar is arranged at the lower end of the limiting connecting block. A connecting swivel is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the drying hood. A semicircular supporting plate located at the upper end of the supporting plate bar is symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the connecting swivel in a hinged manner, and the straight edge of the semicircular supporting plate is vertically distributed with the supporting plate bar. A limiting groove corresponding to the limiting connecting block is opened in the middle of the semicircular support plate. The limiting connecting block is located between the limiting grooves in a horizontal state by a clamping method. An annular connecting block is rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the fixed end of the discharge cylinder. Up and down staggered rotating connecting rods are evenly arranged between the annular connecting block and the inner wall of the drying hood. Stirring bars are rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the lower rotating connecting rod, and a stirring plate is rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the upper rotating connecting rod close to the drying hood, and the drying hood is connected to the extrusion granulation mechanism.

[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, the raw materials that pass through the screening circular plate and fall into the drying hood can be stirred; when the screening circular plate rotates, the discharging cylinder can drive the limit connecting block, the support plate bar, the semicircular support plate and the annular connecting block to rotate together, and the stirring bars and the stirring plates can block the raw materials that fall to the upper end of the semicircular support plate, and the stirring bars and the stirring plates can also be driven by the raw materials to rotate while blocking the raw materials, thereby further improving the effect of stirring the raw materials. By stirring the raw materials, the drying efficiency of the raw materials can also be increased.

[0026] When the raw materials have been properly stirred and dried, the driving unit will stop the screening circular plate from rotating, and the discharging cylinder will drive the limit connecting block and the support plate strip to move downward. At this time, the screening circular plate can be flipped downward along the hinge point with the connecting swivel under the action of gravity, and at the same time, the limit connecting block will no longer limit the semicircular support plate, so that the dried raw materials can fall down from between the semicircular support plates, thereby completing the discharging; thereafter, the discharging cylinder will drive the support plate strip to move upward, and when the support plate strip moves, it can drive the semicircular support plate to flip upward and reset, so that the limit connecting block can be inserted into the limit groove again and limit the semicircular support plate, so that the semicircular support plate can rotate under the drive of the limit connecting block.

[0027] Preferably, the extrusion granulation mechanism includes support legs, support columns, an annular frame, discharge through holes, a motor cylinder, a supporting ring plate, a hole-blocking and cutting unit, a granulation circular plate, and a granulation unit. A plurality of support legs that do not interfere with the movement of the material receiving box are provided at the upper end of the base. Support columns are respectively arranged between the support legs and the reciprocating unit and the driving unit above them. An annular frame is arranged between the upper ends of the support legs. The annular frame is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end and a hollow interior. A plurality of fan-shaped discharge through holes are evenly opened at the lower end of the annular frame. A motor cylinder is fixedly installed in the middle of the annular frame. A supporting ring plate that rotates in cooperation with the annular frame is rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the motor cylinder. A hole-blocking and cutting unit is arranged on the supporting ring plate. A granulation circular plate that rotates in cooperation with the supporting ring plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the motor cylinder. A granulation unit is also arranged on the granulation circular plate.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the dried raw materials can be extruded, and after the extrusion of the raw materials is completed, the raw materials can be formed into granules and then discharged outwards. When the raw materials are discharged from the drying mechanism, they will fall down to the upper end of the granulation unit, and then the granulation unit can drive the raw materials to move to the upper end of the granulation circular plate, so that the raw materials on the upper end of the granulation circular plate can accumulate more and more. The granulation unit can extrude the raw materials on the upper end of the granulation circular plate. Before the raw materials are extruded to a certain extent, the hole-blocking and cutting unit can prevent the raw materials from moving downwards from the granulation unit. When the raw materials are extruded to a certain extent, the hole-blocking and cutting unit no longer blocks the granulation unit, so that the raw materials can be formed into a cylindrical shape and discharged downwards under the action of the granulation unit, and the hole-blocking and cutting unit can cut off the discharged raw materials, thus completing the granulation process of the raw materials.

[0029] Preferably, the granulation unit includes granulation fan plates, granulation through holes, granulation rotating rods, rotating motors, extrusion spiral plates, C-shaped connecting blocks, supporting connecting rings, and material containing cylinders. Fan-shaped through holes corresponding to the discharge through holes are evenly opened on the granulation circular plate. Granulation fan plates with fan-shaped structures are arranged in the fan-shaped through holes. Granulation through holes are evenly opened on the granulation fan plates. A granulation rotating rod is rotatably arranged in the middle of the granulation circular plate. The lower end of the granulation rotating rod passes through the granulation circular plate and is provided with a rotating motor installed in the motor cylinder. Extrusion spiral plates are arranged on the outer side surface of the granulation rotating rod. One side of the lower end of the extrusion spiral plate is provided with a C-shaped connecting block connected to the supporting ring plate. A supporting connecting ring that rotates in cooperation with the granulation circular plate is arranged on the C-shaped connecting block. A material containing cylinder is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the supporting connecting ring. The upper end of the material containing cylinder is connected to the outer side surface of the drying cover. The outer side surface of the material containing cylinder is connected to the driving unit and the reciprocating unit.

[0030] By adopting the above technical scheme, the raw materials can be granulated; the rotation of the output shaft of the rotating motor can drive the granulation rotating rod and the extrusion spiral plate to rotate, and the rotation of the extrusion spiral plate can drive the raw materials to move downward and gather at the upper end of the granulation fan plate. When the raw materials are squeezed to a certain extent, the hole blocking and cutting unit will no longer block the granulation through holes in some areas, so that the raw materials can move downward from the granulation through holes. When the raw materials flow out of the granulation through holes for a suitable length downward, the hole blocking and cutting unit can cut the raw materials to obtain biomass fuel particles.

[0031] Preferably, the hole blocking and cutting unit includes a telescopic airbag, a semicircular plate, a fan-shaped discharge groove, a cutting line and a sweeping plate. A three-quarter circular groove is provided in the middle of the supporting ring plate, and a telescopic airbag is arranged in the three-quarter circular groove. A semicircular plate that slides with the semicircular groove is provided on one side of the telescopic airbag. Fan-shaped discharge grooves corresponding to the shape of the granulation fan plate are provided on the semicircular plate and the supporting ring plate. A cutting line is provided in the fan-shaped discharge groove on the semicircular plate, and a sweeping plate that fits with the annular frame is also provided on one side of the fan-shaped discharge groove at the lower end of the supporting ring plate. By adopting the above technical scheme, the granulation through hole can be blocked before discharge, and the raw material can be discharged outward after being subjected to an appropriate amount of extrusion, and the raw material that has been discharged an appropriate amount can be cut off.

[0032] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention can stir the biomass raw material during the pulverization process through the pulverizing mechanism, and can also perform pulverization treatments on the biomass raw material in a variety of ways in sequence, thereby improving the effect of pulverizing the biomass raw material.

[0034] Second, the present invention stirs the biomass raw material during the process of crushing it through the crushing mechanism, and stirs the biomass raw material during the process of drying it through the drying mechanism, thereby improving the uniformity of the biomass raw material after stirring.

[0035] 3. The present invention can perform reciprocating air blowing on biomass raw materials through the drying mechanism, and can also perform air blowing and drying treatment on biomass raw materials at different positions, and can also perform air blowing and drying treatment on biomass raw materials in the crushing process, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of drying the biomass raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the pulverizing mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driver of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing unit of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the pulverizing mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drying mechanism of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the drying mechanism of the present invention.

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the extrusion granulation mechanism, the base and the material receiving box of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.10 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the extrusion granulation mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hole plugging and material cutting unit of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure, 1 is a crushing mechanism; 2 is a drying mechanism; 3 is an extrusion granulation mechanism; 4 is a base; 5 is a material receiving box; 10 is a raw material cover; 11 is a supporting ring; 12 is a screening circular plate; 13 is a supporting plate; 14 is a supporting inner liner; 15 is a crushing thread; 16 is a crushing unit; 17 is a driving unit; 18 is a driver; 20 is a reciprocating unit; 21 is an exhaust duct; 22 is a drying cover; 23 is a stirring and discharging unit; 30 is a supporting leg; 31 is a supporting column; 32 is an annular frame; 33 is a discharging through hole; 34 is a motor cylinder; 35 is a supporting ring plate; 36 is a hole-blocking and cutting unit; 37 is a granulation circular plate; 38 is a granulation unit; 100 is an upper cover; 101 is a ball; 102 is an annular filter plate; 103 is a grinding ring; 104 is a grinding groove; 160 is an annular inclined filter plate; 161 is a gear connecting rod; 162 is a crushing cutter head; 163 is a driven gear; 164 is a double-sided gear; 165 is a driving gear; 166 is a driving motor; 167 is an annular cover; 168 is a single-sided gear; 169 is a connecting arc block; 170 is a connecting plate; 171 is an internal gear; 172 is a planetary gear; 173 is a gear rod; 174 is a connecting ring; 175 is a fixed connecting rod; 176 is an annular gear; 180 is an annular pulley; 181 is a transmission belt; 182 is a driven pulley; 183 is a pulley rod; 184 is a driving motor; 185 is a motor plate; 186 is a support frame; 201 is a reset compression spring rod; 202 is a driven rod; 203 is a friction reducing ball; 204 is an air outlet; 205 is a check valve; 230 is a discharging cylinder; 231 is a limiting connecting block; 232 is a supporting plate strip; 233 is a connecting rotating ring; 234 is a semi-circular supporting plate; 235 is an annular connecting block; 236 is a rotating connecting rod; 237 is a stirring bar; 238 is a stirring plate; 360 is a telescopic airbag; 361 is a semi-circular plate; 362 is a fan-shaped discharging through groove; 363 is a cutting line; 364 is a sweeping plate; 380 is a granulation fan plate; 381 is a granulation through hole; 382 is a granulation rotating rod; 383 is a rotating motor; 384 is an extrusion spiral plate; 385 is a C-shaped connecting block; 386 is a supporting connecting ring; 387 is a material containing cylinder. Detailed implementation mode

[0049] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1-11 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

[0050] The embodiment of the present application discloses a biomass fuel molding and granulation device, which explains that the biomass fuel molding and granulation device is mainly used in the process of producing biomass fuel. In terms of technical effect, it can stir the biomass raw materials while crushing them, thereby improving the uniformity of mixing the biomass raw materials. Especially in the process of drying the biomass raw materials, it can dry the biomass raw materials during the stirring and crushing process, and can also blow-dry the biomass raw materials after the stirring and crushing, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of drying the biomass raw materials. Example

[0051] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the biomass fuel molding and granulation device includes a crushing mechanism 1 for crushing and stirring biomass raw materials, a drying mechanism 2 for stirring and drying the biomass raw materials is arranged at the lower side of the crushing mechanism 1, an extrusion granulation mechanism 3 is installed at the lower end of the drying mechanism 2, a base 4 is installed at the lower end of the extrusion granulation mechanism 3, and a receiving box 5 for receiving materials is arranged at the upper end of the base 4, which is located at the lower side of the discharge port of the extrusion granulation mechanism 3.

[0052] Specifically, when it is necessary to carry out granulation production of biomass fuel, first, the biomass raw materials to be crushed are placed in the crushing mechanism 1, and the crushing mechanism 1 can stir the biomass raw materials while crushing them, thereby increasing the mixing uniformity of the biomass raw materials; then the biomass raw materials during the crushing process and after the crushing are dried by the drying mechanism 2, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of drying the biomass raw materials; the biomass raw materials after drying will fall downward into the extrusion granulation mechanism 3, and the extrusion granulation mechanism 3 can extrude the crushed and dried biomass raw materials, so that the biomass raw materials can be formed into relatively compact cylindrical particles after being extruded; then the biomass fuel particles will fall into the receiving box 5, thereby completing the production of biomass fuel particles.

[0053] Reference Figure 2As shown, a pulverizing mechanism 1 is used in the present application for pulverizing raw materials and stirring and mixing the raw materials at the same time; specifically, the pulverizing mechanism 1 includes a raw material cover 10 of an hourglass-shaped structure, a supporting ring 11 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the raw material cover 10, a screening disc 12 is provided on the inner side of the supporting ring 11 for ventilation so that the drying mechanism 2 can dry the pulverized raw materials, and the screening disc 12 can support the pulverized raw materials for a short time; screening holes are evenly provided on the screening disc 12, and the raw materials blown by the drying mechanism 2 can easily pass through the screening holes and fall downward into the drying mechanism 2 during the falling process; support plates 13 are evenly provided on the upper ends of the supporting rings 11, and a supporting liner 14 of a conical structure is installed between the upper ends of the supporting plates 13, and the upper end of the supporting liner 14 is an arc-shaped structure, and when the supporting ring 11 rotates, it can drive the supporting plate 13 and the supporting liner 14 to rotate together.

[0054] The outer surface of the supporting inner pot 14 and the inner wall of the raw material cover 10 are provided with a crushing thread 15 for crushing the raw material. The crushing thread 15 can crush the raw material between the crushing threads 15 during the rotation of the raw material cover 10 and the supporting inner pot 14; and the raw material cover 10 and the supporting inner pot 14 are also provided with a crushing unit 16, which can crush the raw material processed by the crushing thread 15 again, thereby further increasing the effect of crushing the raw material; in order to drive the raw material cover 10 and the supporting inner pot 14 to rotate in the opposite direction , a driving unit 17 is set between the raw material cover 10 and the supporting ring 11; during specific operation, the raw material is first placed from the upper end of the raw material cover 10 to the inside of the raw material cover 10, at this time the supporting inner liner 14 can support the raw material, and then the raw material cover 10 and the supporting inner liner 14 are driven by the driving unit 17 to rotate in the opposite direction, at this time the crushing thread 15 in the raw material cover 10 can drive the raw material to move downward during the rotation process; and the crushing thread 15 on the supporting inner liner 14 can drive the raw material to move upward, so that the raw material can be repeatedly crushed between the crushing threads 15 in the rotating state.

[0055] And, from Figure 2 It can be seen that the pitch of the crushing thread 15 on the support inner tank 14 is greater than the crushing thread 15 in the raw material cover 10, so that the raw material can still move downward under the drive of the crushing thread 15 in the raw material cover 10, avoiding the problem that the raw material cannot move to the lower side of the raw material cover 10; and the raw material is also easy to move with the crushing thread 15, thereby playing a role in stirring the raw material; and the annular surface between the crushing threads 15 increases the movement path of the raw material during the stirring and crushing process of the raw material, and the frequency of the raw material contacting the crushing thread 15, thereby further improving the efficiency of crushing the raw material; the raw material after being stirred by the crushing thread 15 will fall to the crushing unit 16, and will be further crushed by the crushing unit 16.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the driving unit 17 used to drive the raw material cover 10 and the supporting liner 14 to rotate in the opposite direction in the present application; specifically, the driving unit 17 includes a connecting plate 170, an internal gear 171, a planetary gear 172, a gear rod 173, a connecting ring 174, a fixed connecting rod 175, a driver 18 and a ring gear 176, the connecting plate 170 is evenly installed on the upper end of the supporting ring 11 and is located outside the raw material cover 10, an internal gear 171 is arranged between the upper ends of the connecting plate 170, and when the internal gear 171 rotates, it can drive the supporting ring 11, the supporting plate 13 and the supporting liner 14 to rotate through the connecting plate 170; a plurality of planetary gears 172 distributed in an annular shape are arranged on the inner side of the internal gear 171 by meshing, a gear rod 173 is arranged in the middle of each planetary gear 172, and a connecting ring 174 is arranged between the upper ends of the gear rod 173 by rotational matching, and the connecting ring 174 can limit the position of the planetary gear 172 through the gear rod 173;

[0057] A fixing connecting rod 175 connected to the drying mechanism 2 is provided on the connecting ring 174, so that the position of the connecting ring 174 can be fixed by the fixing connecting rod 175; a driver 18 is also provided on the inner gear 171, which is located on the side away from the reciprocating unit 20, and the driver 18 is used to drive the gear to rotate; a ring gear 176 fixed to the outer wall of the raw material cover 10 is meshed between the planetary gears 172. When the driver 18 drives the inner gear 171 to rotate, the inner gear 171 can drive the planetary gear 172 to rotate. When the planetary gear 172 rotates, it can drive the raw material cover 10 to rotate through the ring gear 176, thereby realizing the effect of synchronously driving the raw material cover 10 and the supporting liner 14 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen from the technical solution disclosed above that as long as the internal gear 171 is driven to rotate, the raw material cover 10 and the support liner 14 can be indirectly driven to rotate in the opposite direction at the same time. Therefore, a driver 18 is provided for driving the internal gear 171 to rotate; specifically, the driver 18 includes an annular pulley 180, a transmission belt 181, a driven pulley 182, a pulley rod 183, a driving motor 184, a motor plate 185 and a support frame 186, the annular pulley 180 is installed on the upper end of the internal gear 171, and a driven pulley 182 that cooperates with the transmission belt 181 is provided on the outer side of the annular pulley 180 through the transmission belt 181, and a pulley rod 183 is installed in the middle of the driven pulley 182;

[0059] A driving motor 184 is installed at the lower end of the pulley rod 183, and the driving motor 184 is fixed to the extrusion granulation mechanism 3 through a motor seat; the rotation of the output shaft of the driving motor 184 can drive the pulley rod 183 and the driven pulley 182 to rotate, and when the driven pulley 182 rotates, the internal gear 171 can be driven to rotate through the transmission belt 181; the two side ends of the outer side of the pulley rod 183 are rotatably provided with a support frame 186 for supporting it, and the lower end of the support frame 186 is fixedly connected to the drying cover 22, so that the support frame 186 can support the pulley rod 183, thereby avoiding the output shaft of the driving motor 184 from being subjected to the pressure of the driven pulley 182 and the pulley rod 183; a fixed connecting rod 175 connected to the connecting ring 174 is also installed on the side of the support frame 186 close to the raw material cover 10, which further increases the stability of the connecting ring 174 being installed.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 As shown, since there is a certain distance between the crushing threads 15 on the inner and outer sides, and it is difficult to crush the raw materials at the pitch of the crushing threads 15, there is a certain probability that the raw materials will only be crushed to a relatively light degree during the movement with the crushing threads 15. Therefore, it is necessary to perform secondary crushing on the raw materials crushed by the crushing threads 15 to avoid the above problems. Therefore, a crushing unit 16 located at the lower side of the crushing threads 15 is provided between the raw material cover 10 and the supporting liner 14; specifically, the crushing unit 16 includes an annular inclined filter plate 160, a gear connecting rod 161, a crushing cutter head 162, a driven gear 163, a double-sided gear 164, a driving gear 165, a transmission motor 166, an annular cover 167, a single-sided gear 168 and a connecting arc block 169. The annular inclined filter plate 160 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the raw material cover 10 and is located at the lower side of the crushing threads 15. The annular inclined filter plate 160 is provided with inclined filter holes with a diameter equivalent to the screening hole. Raw materials smaller than the inclined filter holes will pass through the inclined filter holes and move downward.

[0061] The inner wall of the annular inclined filter plate 160 fits with the outer side of the supporting inner liner 14, so that the supporting inner liner 14 can support the inner side of the annular inclined filter plate 160, and the annular inclined filter plate 160 can rotate with the raw material cover 10; the supporting inner liner 14 and the raw material cover 10 are evenly provided with through rod through holes on the upper side of the annular inclined filter plate 160, and the through rod through holes are located on the lower side of the crushing thread 15, and gear connecting rods 161 are rotatably arranged in the through rod through holes, and one end of the gear connecting rod 161 located between the raw material cover 10 and the supporting inner liner 14 is installed with a crushing knife head 162, when the gear connecting rod 161 rotates, it can drive the crushing knife head 162 to rotate, and when the crushing knife head 162 rotates, it can continuously crush the raw material located on the upper side of the annular inclined filter plate 160.

[0062] A driven gear 163 is installed at the other end of the gear connecting rod 161. A double-sided gear 164 with an annular structure is meshed between the driven gears 163 located on the inner side of the supporting inner liner 14, and the double-sided gear 164 rotates in coordination with the supporting inner liner 14, so that the supporting inner liner 14 can support the double-sided gear 164 and limit its rotation trajectory; when the double-sided gear 164 rotates, it can simultaneously drive all the driven gears 163 meshing with it to rotate. When the driven gear 163 located inside the supporting inner liner 14 rotates, it can drive the crushing blade head 162 close to one side of the supporting inner liner 14 to rotate through the gear connecting rod 161 connected thereto.

[0063] A plurality of driving gears 165 are meshed at the lower side of the double-sided gear 164, and a transmission motor 166 fixedly connected to the support inner liner 14 is arranged in the middle of the driving gear 165. When the output shaft of the transmission motor 166 rotates, the driving gear 165 can be driven to rotate, and when the driving gear 165 rotates, the double-sided gear 164 can be driven to rotate; an annular cover 167 is also arranged on the inner wall of the support inner liner 14, and the annular cover 167 can protect the driving gear 165, the double-sided gear 164 and the driven gear 163 meshed with the double-sided gear 164 to prevent the problem of raw material fragments entering between the gears and causing the gears to be stuck; a single-sided gear 168 of an annular structure is meshed between the driven gears 163 located on the outer side of the raw material cover 10, and a connecting arc block 169 is evenly arranged at the lower end of the single-sided gear 168, and the connecting arc block 169 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 174, so that the position of the single-sided gear 168 can be fixed.

[0064] When the raw material cover 10 rotates, it can drive the gear connecting rod 161 connected thereto to rotate. When the gear connecting rod 161 rotates with the raw material cover 10, the driven gear 163 located outside the raw material cover 10 can drive the gear rod 173 and the crushing blade head 162 to rotate under the action of the single-sided gear 168, and the crushing blade head 162 close to the raw material cover 10 and the crushing blade head 162 close to the supporting inner tank 14 have opposite rotation directions, thereby further improving the crushing effect of the crushing blade head 162 on the raw material, and the crushing blade head 162 can also crush the raw materials at different positions under the rotation of the raw material cover 10 and the supporting inner tank 14, thereby further improving the crushing effect of the crushing blade head 162 on the raw material, and when the raw material is crushed to be smaller than the inclined filter hole, it can pass through the annular slope plate and move downward.

[0065] Reference Figure 6As shown, when the drying mechanism 2 crushes the raw material, the hot air blown out of the drying mechanism 2 will flow upward out of the raw material cover 10 from between the crushing threads 15. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of the hot air blown out of the drying mechanism 2 in drying the raw material, an upper blocking cover 100 is hingedly provided at the opening at the upper end of the raw material cover 10. When there is no need to add raw materials into the raw material cover 10, the opening at the upper end of the raw material cover 10 can be blocked by the upper blocking cover 10; the lower end of the raw material cover 10 is evenly provided with balls 101 that fit with the supporting ring 11 in a rolling manner, and the balls 101 can reduce the friction between the raw material cover 10 and the supporting ring 11.

[0066] In order to further increase the degree of raw material crushing, an annular filter plate 102 that fits the raw material cover 10 is fixedly arranged between the support plates 13. The annular filter plate 102 is provided with a filter hole whose diameter is smaller than the screening hole. The inner side of the raw material cover 10 and the outer side of the support liner 14 are respectively provided with a grinding ring 103 located at the upper end of the annular filter plate 102 and distributed one inside and one outside. The upper end of the grinding ring 103 is an arc structure, so that the raw material can slide between the grinding rings 103; the grinding rings 103 are provided with relative grinding grooves 104, so that the grinding grooves 104 can be used to make the raw material fall between the grinding rings 103. The raw materials in 04 can be displaced when rotating with the grinding ring 103, and the limit of the filter hole can also easily cause part of the raw materials inserted into the filter to be displaced. When the annular filter plate 102 rotates with the support plate 13, it can also drive the raw materials located at its upper end to move, so that the raw materials moved between the grinding rings 103 can be squeezed and ground by the grinding rings 103 on the inner and outer sides. After grinding, the raw materials smaller than the filter hole can pass through the annular filter plate 102 and fall downward to the upper end of the screening circular plate 12, thereby further improving the effect of crushing the raw materials. Example

[0067] Reference Figure 7 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, in order to improve the efficiency and effect of drying the raw materials, a drying mechanism 2 is provided; specifically, the drying mechanism 2 includes a reciprocating unit 20 which cooperates with the internal gear 171 and is driven thereby to perform reciprocating motion, and an exhaust pipe 21 which is located on the lower side of the screening circular plate 12 and is used to discharge hot air is installed at the lower end of the reciprocating unit 20. When the reciprocating unit 20 drives the exhaust pipe 21 to perform reciprocating motion, the moving path of the exhaust pipe 21 can be increased, thereby further improving the effect of drying the raw materials; a drying hood 22 which is rotatably connected to the supporting ring 11 is slidably provided on the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 21, and the drying hood 22 can limit the hot air discharged from the exhaust pipe 21; a stirring and discharging unit 23 for stirring and discharging the raw materials is provided inside the drying hood 22.

[0068] When it is necessary to dry the raw materials, the exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the air outlet of the external hot air blower, and then the hot air blower can discharge hot air into the drying hood 22 through the exhaust pipe 21, and the hot air can pass through the screening circular plate 12 to dry the raw material fragments located at the upper end of the screening circular plate 12, and can also dry the raw materials located between the raw material hood 10 and the supporting liner 14, and can also dry the raw material fragments that pass through the screening circular plate 12 and fall into the drying hood 22; when the raw materials on the screening circular plate 12 rotate with the screening circular plate 12, the hot air discharged from the exhaust pipe 21 can also blow the raw material fragments at different positions on the screening circular plate 12 upwards, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of drying the raw materials.

[0069] Continue to refer to Figure 7 As shown, that is, the reciprocating unit 20 in the present application; specifically, the reciprocating unit 20 includes a limit connecting plate, a reset spring rod 201, a driven rod 202, a friction-reducing ball 203, an exhaust port 204 and a one-way valve 205, the limit connecting plate is connected to the fixed connecting rod 175 away from the driving motor 184, and the lower end of the limit connecting plate is fixed to the extrusion granulation mechanism 3, thereby increasing the stability of the installation of the limit plate; the limit connecting plate is equipped with a reset spring rod 201 facing the raw material cover 10, the telescopic end of the reset spring rod 201 is equipped with a driven rod 202, and the upper end of the driven rod 202 is rollingly provided with a friction-reducing ball 203 that fits the outer side surface of the inner gear 171, and the outer side surface of the inner gear 171 is a wavy structure;

[0070] When the inner gear 171 rotates, the driven rod 202 can reciprocate under the squeezing effect of the inner gear 171 and the elastic effect of the reset compression spring rod 201. When the driven rod 202 moves, it can drive the exhaust pipe 21 to reciprocate, so that the hot air blown out from the one-way valve 205 can be blown to different positions, increasing the flow path of the hot air; the lower end of the driven rod 202 is connected to the exhaust pipe 21, and the exhaust pipe 21 is evenly provided with exhaust ports 204 facing the screening disc 12 and the lower end in the drying hood 22. The exhaust ports 204 facing the screening disc 12 can blow the raw material fragments at the upper end of the screening disc 12 upwards, and the exhaust ports 204 facing the lower end can blow and dry the raw materials at the upper end of the stirring and discharging unit 23; the exhaust ports 204 are all provided with one-way valves 205, so as to prevent the raw materials from entering the exhaust pipe 21 from the exhaust ports 204.

[0071] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in order to increase the drying effect of the raw material fragments, a stirring and discharging unit 23 is arranged inside the drying hood 22; specifically, the stirring and discharging unit 23 includes a discharging cylinder 230, a limiting connecting block 231, a supporting strip 232, a connecting swivel 233, a semicircular supporting plate 234, an annular connecting block 235, a rotating connecting rod 236, a stirring strip 237 and a stirring plate 238. The discharging cylinder 230 is installed at the lower end of the middle part of the screening circular plate 12, and a limiting connecting block 231 is arranged at the lower end of the discharging cylinder 230, and a supporting strip 232 is installed at the lower end of the limiting connecting block 231. When the screening circular plate 12 rotates, the limiting connecting block 231 and the supporting strip 232 can be driven to rotate together through the discharging cylinder 230.

[0072] A connecting swivel 233 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the drying hood 22, and a semicircular support plate 234 located at the upper end of the support strip 232 is symmetrically provided at the lower end of the connecting swivel 233 in a hinged manner, and the straight edge of the semicircular support plate 234 is vertically distributed to the support strip 232, and the support strip 232 can limit the semicircular support plate 234 and make it horizontal; a limiting groove corresponding to the limiting connecting block 231 is opened in the middle of the semicircular support plate 234, and when the semicircular support plate 234 is in a horizontal state, the limiting connecting block 231 can be located between the limiting grooves in the horizontal state by a snap-fitting manner, so that the limiting connecting block 231 can drive the semicircular support plate 234 and the connecting swivel 233 to rotate together during the rotation process; an annular connecting block 235 is rotatably provided on the outer surface of the fixed end of the discharge cylinder 230.

[0073] The annular connecting block 235 and the inner wall of the drying cover 22 are evenly provided with rotating connecting rods 236 that are staggered up and down. The annular connecting block 235 can improve the stability of the installation of the rotating connecting rod 236; stirring bars 237 are rotatably provided on the outer side surfaces of the rotating connecting rods 236 on the lower side, and a stirring plate 238 is rotatably provided on the outer side surface of the rotating connecting rods 236 on the upper side, which is close to the drying cover 22, and the drying cover 22 is connected to the extrusion granulation mechanism 3; when the semicircular support plate 234 drives the raw materials located at its upper end to rotate, the stirring bars 237 can drive the raw materials blocked by it to move, and the stirring plates 238 can block the raw materials close to the side of the drying cover 22 and not blocked by the stirring bars 237, and the stirring bars 237 and the stirring plates 238 can also be driven to rotate by the raw materials while blocking the raw materials, thereby further improving the effect of stirring the raw materials and increasing the efficiency of drying the raw materials.

[0074] When the raw materials have been properly stirred and dried, the driving unit 17 is used to prevent the screening circular plate 12 from rotating. Then, the discharging cylinder 230 will drive the limiting connecting block 231 and the supporting plate strip 232 to move downward. At this time, the screening circular plate 12 can be turned downward along the hinge point between it and the connecting swivel 233 under the action of gravity. At the same time, the limiting connecting block 231 will no longer limit the semicircular supporting plate 234, so that the dried raw materials can fall downward from between the semicircular supporting plates 234, thereby completing the discharging; then, the discharging cylinder 230 drives the supporting plate strip 232 to move upward, and when the supporting plate strip 232 moves, it can drive the semicircular supporting plate 234 to flip upward and reset, so that the limiting connecting block 231 can be inserted into the limiting groove again and limit the semicircular supporting plate 234, so that the semicircular supporting plate 234 can rotate under the drive of the limiting connecting block 231. Example

[0075] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, on the basis of the second embodiment, in order to be able to extrude and granulate the raw materials after crushing and drying, an extrusion granulation mechanism 3 is set at the lower end of the drying mechanism 2; specifically, the extrusion granulation mechanism 3 includes support legs 30, support columns 31, annular frames 32, discharge holes 33, motor cylinders 34, supporting ring plates 35, plugging and cutting units 36, granulation circular plates 37 and granulation units 38, and a plurality of support legs 30 are set on the upper end of the base 4 so as to not interfere with the movement process of the docking material box 5, thereby facilitating the docking material box 5 to be taken and placed; support columns 31 are respectively set between the support legs 30 and the limit connecting plate and the motor plate 185 located above them, and the support columns 31 can increase the stability of the installation of the limit connecting plate and the motor plate 185,

[0076] An annular frame 32 is arranged between the upper ends of the supporting legs 30. The annular frame 32 is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end and a hollow interior. A plurality of fan-shaped discharge holes 33 are evenly opened at the lower end of the annular frame 32. A motor cylinder 34 is fixedly installed in the middle of the annular frame 32. A supporting ring plate 35 rotatably matched with the annular frame 32 is rotatably arranged on the outer surface of the motor cylinder 34. A plugging and cutting unit 36 ​​is arranged on the supporting ring plate 35. A granulating circular plate 37 rotatably matched with the supporting ring plate 35 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the motor cylinder 34. A granulating unit 38 is also arranged on the granulating circular plate 37.

[0077] After the raw materials are discharged from the drying mechanism 2, they will fall downward to the upper end of the granulation unit 38. Then, the granulation unit 38 can drive the raw materials to move to the upper end of the granulation circular plate 37, so that the raw materials on the upper end of the granulation circular plate 37 can accumulate more and more. The granulation unit 38 can extrude the raw materials on the upper end of the granulation circular plate 37. Before the raw materials are extruded to a certain extent, the hole-blocking and cutting unit 36 can prevent the raw materials from moving downward in the granulation unit 38. When the raw materials are extruded to a certain extent, the hole-blocking and cutting unit 36 is made to stop blocking the granulation unit 38, so that the raw materials can form a cylindrical shape and be discharged downward under the action of the granulation unit 38. Moreover, the hole-blocking and cutting unit 36 can also cut off the discharged raw materials, thus completing the granulation process of the raw materials.

[0078] Continue to refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 as shown, which is the granulation unit 38 in this application. Specifically, the granulation unit 38 includes a granulation fan plate 380, granulation through holes 381, a granulation rotating rod 382, a rotating motor 383, an extrusion spiral plate 384, a U-shaped connecting block 385, a supporting connecting ring 386, and a material-containing cylinder 387. The granulation circular plate 37 is also evenly provided with fan-shaped through holes corresponding to the discharge through holes 33. Fan-shaped granulation fan plates 380 are arranged in the fan-shaped through holes. The raw materials can accumulate on the upper end of the granulation fan plate 380. The granulation fan plate 380 is evenly provided with granulation through holes 381. When the raw materials pass through the granulation through holes 381, they can form a cylindrical shape. The supporting ring plate 35 and the hole-blocking and cutting unit 36 can block the lower end of the granulation through holes 381, so that the raw materials can be extruded more tightly in the granulation through holes 381.

[0079] A granulation rotating rod 382 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the granulation circular plate 37. The lower end of the granulation rotating rod 382 passes through the granulation circular plate 37 and is provided with a rotating motor 383 installed in the motor cylinder 34. An extrusion spiral plate 384 is arranged on the outer side surface of the granulation rotating rod 382. When the output shaft of the rotating motor 383 rotates, it can drive the extrusion spiral plate 384 to rotate through the granulation rotating rod 382. When the extrusion spiral plate 384 rotates, it can extrude the raw materials that accumulate more and more on the granulation fan plate 380, so that the raw materials can be connected more tightly together.

[0080] On one side of the lower end of the extrusion spiral plate 384, there is a C-shaped connecting block 385 connected to the supporting ring plate 35. A supporting connecting ring 386 rotatably matched with the granulating circular plate 37 is arranged on the C-shaped connecting block 385. When the extrusion spiral plate 384 rotates, it can drive the C-shaped connecting block 385, the supporting connecting ring 386 and the supporting ring plate 35 to rotate. When the raw material is subjected to appropriate extrusion, the plugging hole and cutting unit 36 is used to stop blocking the granulating through holes 381. At this time, under the rotation of the supporting ring plate 35, the cylindrical biomass fuels can be sequentially discharged from the granulating through holes 381 at different positions. Then, the plugging hole and cutting unit 36 can sequentially cut off the biomass fuels at different positions to form cylindrical biomass fuel particles. A material containing cylinder 387 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the supporting connecting ring 386. The material containing cylinder 387 can limit the raw material. The upper end of the material containing cylinder 387 is connected to the outer side surface of the drying hood 22, and the outer side surface of the material containing cylinder 387 is connected to the motor plate 185 and the limiting connecting plate.

[0081] Refer to Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown in the figure, in order to block the granulating through holes 381 before discharging so that the raw material can be subjected to a certain degree of extrusion, and also in order to be able to extrude and block a part of the granulating through holes 381 during the subsequent discharging process, and at the same time cut off the raw material in another part of the granulating through holes 381 to form continuous discharging, a plugging hole and cutting unit 36 is arranged on the supporting ring plate 35. Specifically, the plugging hole and cutting unit 36 includes a telescopic airbag 360, a semi-circular plate 361, a fan-shaped discharging through groove 362, a cutting line 363 and a material sweeping plate 364. A three-quarter circular groove is opened in the middle of the supporting ring plate 35. The telescopic airbag 360 is arranged in the three-quarter circular groove. A semi-circular plate 361 slidably matched with the semi-circular groove is arranged on one side of the telescopic airbag 360. By inflating or deflating the telescopic airbag 360 through its external air pump, the position of the semi-circular plate 361 can be adjusted.

[0082] Fan-shaped discharging through grooves 362 corresponding to the shape of the granulating fan plate 380 are opened on both the semi-circular plate 361 and the supporting ring plate 35. When it is necessary to block all the granulating through holes 381 before discharging, the telescopic airbag 360 can drive the semi-circular plate 361 to block the fan-shaped plate discharging through grooves on the supporting ring plate 35 under the action of its external air pump, so as to block all the granulating through holes 381. A cutting line 363 is arranged in the fan-shaped discharging through groove 362 on the semi-circular plate 361. When the raw material is subjected to a certain degree of extrusion, the telescopic airbag 360 can drive the semi-circular plate 361 to move under the action of its external air pump.

[0083] The position of the fan-shaped discharge groove 362 on the semicircular plate 361 can coincide with the position of the fan-shaped discharge groove 362 on the supporting ring plate 35, so that the granulation holes located at the fan-shaped discharge groove 362 can discharge downward, and the biomass fuel discharged from the granulation hole 381 can be cut off by the cutting line 363 and the side wall of the fan-shaped groove that move with the supporting ring plate 35, thereby forming biomass fuel particles. At this time, the biomass fuel particles can pass downward through the annular frame 32 and fall into the receiving box 5; the lower end of the supporting ring plate 35 is located on one side of the fan-shaped discharge groove 362, and a sweeping plate 364 that fits with the annular frame 32 is also provided. When the biomass fuel particles fall onto the annular frame 32, the sweeping plate 364 can sweep the biomass fuel particles off during the rotation of the supporting ring plate 35.

[0084] During operation: the first step is to place the raw material from the upper end of the raw material cover 10 into the inside of the raw material cover 10, and then turn on the driving motor 184. The rotation of the output shaft of the driving motor 184 can indirectly drive the driven pulley 182 to rotate. When the driven pulley 182 rotates, it can drive the annular pulley 180 and the inner gear 171 to rotate through the transmission belt 181. When the inner gear 171 rotates, on the one hand, it can drive the supporting ring 11, the supporting plate 13 and the supporting liner 14 to be replaced through the connecting plate 170, and on the other hand, it can also drive the planetary gear 172 to rotate. When the planetary gear 172 rotates, it can drive the annular gear 176 and the supporting liner 14 to rotate. At this time, the rotation direction of the supporting liner 14 is opposite to that of the raw material cover 10, and the crushing thread 15 inside the supporting liner 14 and the raw material cover 10 can crush the raw material.

[0085] Step 2: During the first step, the driven gear 163 located on the outer side of the raw material cover 10 can drive the outer crushing blade head 162 to rotate under the action of the single-sided gear 168. At the same time, the transmission motor 166 is turned on, and the output shaft of the transmission motor 166 can drive the driving gear 165 to rotate. When the driving gear 165 rotates, it can drive the double-sided gear 164 to rotate. When the double-sided gear 164 rotates, it can drive all the driven gears 163 meshing with it to rotate, so that the inner crushing blade head 162 can rotate with the inner driven gear 163 and the gear connecting rod 161. The inner crushing blade head 162 rotates in the opposite direction to the outer crushing blade head 162, and the crushing blade head 162 can also crush the raw materials at different positions under the rotation of the raw material cover 10 and the supporting liner 14, so that the raw materials crushed by the crushing blade head 162 can pass downward from the inclined filter holes on the annular inclined filter plate 160.

[0086] Step 3: During the second step, the ball 101 can reduce the friction between the raw material cover 10 and the supporting ring 11, and the annular filter plate 102 can support the raw materials that have been crushed and are smaller than the filter hole. The grinding rings 103 on the inner and outer sides can grind the raw materials on the upper end of the annular filter plate 102 while rotating in opposite directions with the raw material cover 10 and the supporting liner 14, thereby further increasing the effect of crushing the raw materials. The ground raw materials can pass through the filter hole and move to the upper end of the supporting ring 11 and the screening circular plate 12.

[0087] Step 4: When it is necessary to dry the raw materials, connect the exhaust pipe 21 to the air outlet of the external hot air blower. The exhaust port 204 facing the screening disc 12 can blow the raw material fragments on the upper end of the screening disc 12 upwards, and the exhaust port 204 facing the lower end can blow and dry the raw materials on the upper end of the stirring and discharging unit 23; the one-way valve 205 arranged in the exhaust port 204 can prevent the raw materials from entering the exhaust pipe 21 from the exhaust port 204; at the same time, the driven rod 202 can reciprocate under the squeezing action of the internal gear 171 and the elastic action of the reset compression spring rod 201. When the driven rod 202 moves, it can drive the exhaust pipe 21 to move, so that the hot air blown out from the one-way valve 205 can be blown to different positions, thereby increasing the flow path of the hot air.

[0088] Step 5: When the raw materials pass through the screening circular plate 12 and fall to the upper end of the semicircular support plate 234, the screening circular plate 12 can drive the limiting connecting block 231, the support bar 232, the semicircular support plate 234 and the annular connecting block 235 to rotate together through the discharging cylinder 230 when it rotates; when the semicircular support plate 234 drives the raw materials located at its upper end to rotate, the stirring bar 237 can drive the raw materials blocked by it to move, and the stirring plate 238 can block the raw materials close to the side of the drying hood 22 and not blocked by the stirring bar 237, and the stirring bar 237 and the stirring plate 238 can also be driven to rotate by the raw materials while blocking the raw materials.

[0089] Step 6: After the raw materials have been properly stirred and dried, the driving unit 17 is used to stop the screening disc 12 from rotating. Then, the discharging cylinder 230 will drive the limiting connecting block 231 and the supporting plate strip 232 to move downward. At this time, the screening disc 12 can be turned downward along the hinge point between it and the connecting swivel 233 under the action of gravity. At the same time, the limiting connecting block 231 will no longer limit the semicircular supporting plate 234, so that the dried raw materials can fall downward from between the semicircular supporting plates 234, thereby completing the discharging; then, the discharging cylinder 230 drives the supporting plate strip 232 to move upward. When the supporting plate strip 232 moves, it can drive the semicircular supporting plate 234 to turn upward and reset, so that the limiting connecting block 231 can be inserted into the limiting groove again and limit the semicircular supporting plate 234, so that the semicircular supporting plate 234 can rotate under the drive of the limiting connecting block 231.

[0090] Step 7: After the raw materials are discharged from the drying mechanism 2, they will fall downward to the upper end of the extrusion spiral plate 384, and then the rotating motor 383 is turned on. The rotation of the output shaft of the rotating motor 383 can drive the granulation rotating rod 382 and the extrusion spiral plate 384 to rotate. When the extrusion spiral plate 384 rotates, it can drive the raw materials to move downward and gather at the upper end of the granulation fan plate 380. At this time, the telescopic airbag 360 can drive the semicircular plate 361 to seal the fan-shaped plate discharge groove on the supporting ring plate 35 under the action of its external air pump, so that all the granulation through holes 381 can be blocked, so that more and more raw materials accumulated on the granulation fan plate 380 can be squeezed to a certain extent under the action of the extrusion spiral rod.

[0091] Step 8: When the raw material is squeezed to a certain extent, the telescopic airbag 360 can drive the semicircular plate 361 to move under the action of its external air pump, so that the position of the fan-shaped discharge groove 362 on the semicircular plate 361 can coincide with the position of the fan-shaped discharge groove 362 on the supporting ring plate 35, so that the granulation holes located at the fan-shaped discharge groove 362 can discharge downward, and the biomass fuel discharged from the granulation through hole 381 can be cut off by the cutting line 363 and the side wall of the fan-shaped groove that move with the supporting ring plate 35, thereby forming biomass fuel particles. At this time, the biomass fuel particles can pass downward through the annular frame 32 and fall into the receiving box 5; and, in the subsequent discharge process, the supporting ring plate 35 can also squeeze and block a part of the granulation through hole 381 while cutting the raw materials in another part of the granulation through hole 381, so as to form uninterrupted discharge and cutting.

[0092] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0093] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device, comprising a pulverizing mechanism (1) for pulverizing and stirring biomass raw materials, Features: A drying mechanism (2) for stirring and drying the biomass raw material is arranged at the lower side of the pulverizing mechanism (1), an extrusion granulation mechanism (3) is installed at the lower end of the drying mechanism (2), a base (4) is installed at the lower end of the extrusion granulation mechanism (3), and a material receiving box (5) for receiving the material is arranged at the upper end of the base (4) located below the discharge port of the extrusion granulation mechanism (3), wherein: The pulverizing mechanism (1) comprises a raw material cover (10) of an hourglass-shaped structure, a supporting ring (11) is rotatably provided at the lower end of the raw material cover (10), a screening disc (12) is provided inside the supporting ring (11) for ventilation so as to facilitate the drying mechanism (2) to dry the pulverized raw material, screening holes are evenly provided on the screening disc (12), a supporting plate (13) is evenly provided at the upper end of the supporting ring (11), a supporting liner (14) of a conical structure is installed between the upper ends of the supporting plates (13), a pulverizing thread (15) for pulverizing the raw material is provided on the outer surface of the supporting liner (14) and on the inner wall of the raw material cover (10), and a crushing unit (16) is also relatively provided on the raw material cover (10) and the supporting liner (14), and a driving unit (17) for driving the raw material cover (10) and the supporting ring (11) to rotate in the opposite direction is also provided between the raw material cover (10) and the supporting ring (11); The drying mechanism (2) comprises a reciprocating unit (20) connected to the driving unit (17) and driven thereby to perform reciprocating motion, an exhaust pipe (21) located at the lower side of the screening disc (12) and used to discharge hot air is installed at the lower end of the reciprocating unit (20), a drying cover (22) rotatably connected to the supporting ring (11) is slidably arranged on the outer surface of the exhaust pipe (21), and a stirring and discharging unit (23) for stirring and discharging raw materials is arranged inside the drying cover (22); The driving unit (17) comprises a connecting plate (170), an internal gear (171), a planetary gear (172), a gear rod (173), a connecting ring (174), a fixed connecting rod (175), a driver (18) and a ring gear (176). The connecting plate (170) is evenly mounted on the upper end of the supporting ring (11) and is located outside the raw material cover (10). An internal gear (171) is arranged between the upper ends of the connecting plates (170). A plurality of ring-shaped rows of gears (171) are arranged on the inner side of the internal gear (171) in a meshing manner. The star gear (172) and the planetary gear (172) are both provided with a gear rod (173) in the middle, and a connecting ring (174) is provided between the upper ends of the gear rod (173) in a rotationally matched manner, and a fixed connecting rod (175) connected to the reciprocating unit (20) is provided on the connecting ring (174), and a driver (18) located on a side away from the reciprocating unit (20) is also provided on the internal gear (171), and a ring gear (176) fixed to the outer wall of the raw material cover (10) is meshed between the planetary gears (172); The reciprocating unit (20) comprises a limit connecting plate, a reset spring rod (201), a driven rod (202), a friction reducing ball (203), an exhaust port (204) and a one-way valve (205); the limit connecting plate is connected to a fixed connecting rod (175) away from the driving motor (184); the lower end of the limit connecting plate is fixed to the extrusion granulation mechanism (3); a reset spring rod (201) facing the raw material cover (10) is installed on the limit connecting plate; the telescopic end of the reset spring rod (201) is installed A driven rod (202) is provided at the upper end of the driven rod (202) with a friction-reducing ball (203) that is in contact with the outer side surface of the inner gear (171), and the outer side surface of the inner gear (171) is of a wave-shaped structure. The lower end of the driven rod (202) is connected to an exhaust pipe (21). Exhaust ports (204) facing the screening disc (12) and the lower end are evenly provided on the exhaust pipe (21) and located in the drying cover (22), and each of the exhaust ports (204) is provided with a one-way valve (205).

2. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device according to claim 1, Features: The driver (18) comprises an annular pulley (180), a transmission belt (181), a driven pulley (182), a pulley rod (183), a driving motor (184), a motor plate (185) and a support frame (186); the annular pulley (180) is mounted on the upper end of the internal gear (171); a driven pulley (182) is arranged on the outer side of the annular pulley (180) through the transmission belt (181); a pulley rod (183) is installed in the middle of the driven pulley (182); A driving motor (184) is installed at the lower end of the wheel rod (183), and the driving motor (184) is fixed to the extrusion granulation mechanism (3) through a motor plate (185). Support frames (186) for supporting the wheel rod (183) are rotatably arranged at the ends of both sides of the outer side surface, and the lower end of the support frame (186) is fixedly connected to the drying cover (22). A fixed connecting rod (175) connected to the connecting ring (174) is also installed on the side of the support frame (186) close to the raw material cover (10).

3. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device according to claim 1, Features: The crushing unit (16) comprises an annular inclined filter plate (160), a gear connecting rod (161), a crushing blade (162), a driven gear (163), a double-sided gear (164), a driving gear (165), a transmission motor (166), an annular cover (167), a single-sided gear (168) and a connecting arc block (169). The annular inclined filter plate (160) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the raw material cover (10) and is located at the lower side of the crushing thread (15). The annular inclined filter plate (160) is provided with inclined filter holes having a diameter equivalent to that of the screening holes. The inner side wall of the annular inclined filter plate (160) is in contact with the outer side surface of the supporting inner container (14). The supporting inner container (14) and the raw material cover (10) are evenly provided with through-rod through holes on the upper side of the annular inclined filter plate (160). The gear connecting rods (161) are rotatably arranged in the through-rod through holes. The gear connecting rods (161) are located between the raw material cover (10) and the supporting inner container (14). A crushing blade (162) is installed at one end between the inner liner (14), and a driven gear (163) is installed at the other end of the gear connecting rod (161). A double-sided gear (164) with an annular structure is meshed between the driven gears (163) located inside the supporting inner liner (14), and the double-sided gear (164) and the supporting inner liner (14) are rotatably matched. A plurality of driving gears (165) are meshed at the lower side of the double-sided gear (164). A transmission motor (166) fixedly connected to the supporting inner liner (14) is arranged in the middle of the driving gear (165). An annular cover (167) is also arranged on the inner side wall of the supporting inner liner (14). A single-sided gear (168) with an annular structure is meshed between the driven gears (163) located outside the raw material cover (10), and a connecting arc block (169) is evenly arranged at the lower end of the single-sided gear (168). The connecting arc block (169) is fixedly connected to the driving unit (17).

4. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device according to claim 1, Features: An upper stopper (100) is hingedly provided at the opening of the upper end of the raw material cover (10), and balls (101) that fit with the supporting ring (11) are evenly provided at the lower end of the raw material cover (10) by rolling fit. An annular filter plate (102) that fits with the raw material cover (10) is fixedly provided between the support plates (13), and filter holes with a diameter smaller than the screening holes are provided on the annular filter plate (102). Grinding rings (103) located at the upper end of the annular filter plate (102) and arranged one inside and one outside are respectively provided on the inner side of the raw material cover (10) and the outer side of the support liner (14), and the upper end of the grinding ring (103) is an arc-shaped structure, and the grinding ring (103) is provided with relative grinding grooves (104).

5. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device according to claim 1, Features: The stirring and discharging unit (23) comprises a discharging cylinder (230), a limiting connecting block (231), a supporting plate (232), a connecting swivel (233), a semicircular supporting plate (234), an annular connecting block (235), a rotating connecting rod (236), a stirring bar (237) and a stirring plate (238). The discharging cylinder (230) is installed at the lower end of the middle part of the screening circular plate (12). A limiting connecting block (231) is arranged at the lower end of the discharging cylinder (230). A supporting plate (232) is installed at the lower end of the limiting connecting block (231). A connecting swivel (233) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the drying cover (22). A semicircular supporting plate (234) located at the upper end of the supporting plate (232) is symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the connecting swivel (233) in a hinged manner, and the semicircular supporting plate (234) is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the supporting plate (232). ) is vertically distributed with the support strip (232), a limiting groove corresponding to the limiting connecting block (231) is opened in the middle of the semicircular support plate (234), and the limiting connecting block (231) is located between the limiting grooves in a horizontal state by means of a clamping connection, an annular connecting block (235) is rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the fixed end of the discharge cylinder (230), and rotating connecting rods (236) staggered up and down are evenly arranged between the annular connecting block (235) and the inner wall of the drying cover (22), stirring strips (237) are rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the lower rotating connecting rod (236), and a stirring plate (238) is rotatably arranged on the side of the outer side surface of the upper rotating connecting rod (236) close to the drying cover (22), and the drying cover (22) is connected to the extrusion granulation mechanism (3).

6. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device according to claim 1, Features: The extrusion granulation mechanism (3) comprises support legs (30), support columns (31), an annular frame (32), a discharge through hole (33), a motor cylinder (34), a supporting ring plate (35), a hole blocking and cutting unit (36), a granulation circular plate (37) and a granulation unit (38). A plurality of support legs (30) are arranged at the upper end of the base (4). Support columns (31) are respectively arranged between the support legs (30) and the reciprocating unit (20) and the driving unit (17) located above the support legs (30). An annular frame (32) is arranged between the upper ends of the support legs (30). The annular frame (32) ) is a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and a hollow interior. A plurality of fan-shaped discharge through holes (33) are evenly arranged at the lower end of the annular frame (32). A motor cylinder (34) is fixedly installed in the middle of the annular frame (32). A supporting ring plate (35) rotatably matched with the annular frame (32) is rotatably arranged on the outer surface of the motor cylinder (34). A hole blocking and cutting unit (36) is arranged on the supporting ring plate (35). A granulating circular plate (37) rotatably matched with the supporting ring plate (35) is installed at the upper end of the motor cylinder (34). A granulating unit (38) is also arranged on the granulating circular plate (37).

7. A biomass fuel molding and granulation device according to claim 6, Features: The granulation unit (38) described above includes a granulation fan plate (380), granulation through holes (381), a granulation rotating rod (382), a rotating motor (383), an extrusion spiral plate (384), a U-shaped connecting block (385), a supporting connecting ring (386), and a material containing cylinder (387). The granulation circular plate (37) is also evenly provided with fan-shaped through holes corresponding to the discharge through holes (33). Fan-shaped granulation fan plates (380) are arranged in the fan-shaped through holes. The granulation fan plates (380) are evenly provided with granulation through holes (381). A granulation rotating rod (382) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the granulation circular plate (37). The lower end of the granulation rotating rod (382) passes through the granulation circular plate (37) and is provided with a rotating motor (383) installed in the motor cylinder (34). An extrusion spiral plate (384) is arranged on the outer side surface of the granulation rotating rod (382). On one side of the lower end of the extrusion spiral plate (384), there is a U-shaped connecting block (385) connected to the supporting ring plate (35). A supporting connecting ring (386) that is rotationally matched with the granulation circular plate (37) is arranged on the U-shaped connecting block (385). The upper end of the supporting connecting ring (386) is rotatably provided with a material containing cylinder (387). The upper end of the material containing cylinder (387) is connected to the outer side surface of the drying hood (22). The outer side surface of the material containing cylinder (387) is connected to the driving unit (17) and the reciprocating unit (20).

8. A biomass fuel forming and granulating device according to claim 6, wherein: The hole blocking and cutting unit (36) described above includes a telescopic airbag (360), a semi-circular plate (361), a fan-shaped discharge through groove (362), a cutting line (363), and a material sweeping plate (364). A three-quarter circular groove is opened in the middle of the supporting ring plate (35). A telescopic airbag (360) is arranged in the three-quarter circular groove. On one side of the telescopic airbag (360), there is a semi-circular plate (361) that is slidably matched with the semi-circular groove. Fan-shaped discharge through grooves (362) corresponding to the shape of the granulation fan plate (380) are opened on the semi-circular plate (361) and the supporting ring plate (35). A cutting line (363) is arranged in the fan-shaped discharge through groove (362) on the semi-circular plate (361). On one side of the lower end of the supporting ring plate (35) located in the fan-shaped discharge through groove (362), there is also a material sweeping plate (364) that fits with the annular frame (32).

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