Shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device, which includes a light source transmitting end and a light source receiving end, and a light shielding plate is arranged between the light source transmitting end and the light source receiving end, and the light shielding plate is fixedly arranged on the cutter shaft, and the part of the detection light emitted by the light source transmitting end that is not blocked by the light shielding plate is received by the light source receiving end. The present invention arranges a light source transmitting end and a light source receiving end in the shield machine cutter, and arranges a light shielding plate at the light source transmitting end and the light source receiving end, and the light shielding plate is arranged on the cutter shaft, and drives the light shielding plate to move after the cutter shaft is deformed by the radial force. The detection light emitted by the light source transmitting end is received by the light source receiving end in different amounts before and after the light shielding plate moves, and then the deformation amount of the cutter shaft can be calculated by the light difference, and then the radial force borne by the cutter shaft can be calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine roller cutters, in particular to a shield machine roller cutter radial pressure detection device. Background Art

[0002] The front part of the shield machine is the shield head. The excavation of the shield machine is mainly achieved by the shield head. The end of the shield head is the cutterhead. There are several cutting tools on the cutterhead. Different cutting tools are used for excavation of different components. Roll cutters are used for rock formations. The roller cutters are set on the cutterhead through the rotation of the tool holder. During the excavation process, the hydraulic system inside the shield head acts on the cutterhead, so that the cutterhead presses the roller cutter onto the rock formation. The cutterhead is driven to rotate by its own driving device. While the roller cutter revolves, it will also passively rotate to grind the rock formation.

[0003] The shield machine's cutter may generate impact force or extrusion force when it hits the rock formation or continues to work. The impact force or extrusion force generated will be dispersed into axial force and radial force due to the tapered roller bearing in the cutter. When detecting the axial force, the relative change value between the cutter shaft and the tapered roller bearing in the cutter can be detected. The radial pressure detection requires the detection of the shape of the cutter shaft, and there is a lack of research in this aspect in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device for detecting the radial pressure of the cutter and to perform data analysis on the force of the cutter in combination with axial pressure detection in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device is arranged on the cutter shaft of the cutter, and is characterized in that it includes a light source emitting end and a light source receiving end, and a light shielding plate is arranged between the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end, the light shielding plate is fixedly arranged on the cutter shaft, and the part of the detection light emitted by the light source emitting end that is not blocked by the light shielding plate is received by the light source receiving end. When the cutter shaft is subjected to radial force, the cutter shaft drives the light shielding plate to move in the radial direction, and the detection light received by the light source receiving end changes with the movement of the light shielding plate.

[0007] As a further optimization, the detection light emitted by the light source emitting end of the present invention is a point matrix light source.

[0008] As a further optimization, the light source emitting end of the present invention includes a light source and an optical fiber array, and the end of the optical fiber array is fixed by a mounting plate.

[0009] As a further optimization, the light source emitting end of the present invention includes a light source and a light diffraction plate, and the detection light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the light source receiving end through the light diffraction plate.

[0010] As a further optimization, the light source receiving end of the present invention is provided with a light detector array and a light signal processor, all light detectors are connected to the light signal processor, and the number of light detectors provided corresponds to the number of light spots provided in the point matrix light source.

[0011] As a further optimization, the light source receiving end of the present invention is provided with a light detector array, a light signal processor and a focusing lens, and the number of light detector arrays is less than the number of light spots in the point matrix light source.

[0012] As a further optimization, a fiber coupling element is provided at the end of the fiber array of the present invention, and the fiber coupling element is a lens fiber or a fiber collimator.

[0013] As a further optimization, a light-transmitting hole is provided on the shielding sheet of the present invention.

[0014] As a further optimization, the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end of the present invention are both installed on the knife shaft, the light shielding sheet is arranged in the middle of the axial direction of the knife shaft, and the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are arranged on both sides of the light shielding sheet through the mounting frame.

[0015] As a further optimization, the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end of the present invention are connected to the mounting frame through a high-strength spring, and the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are both installed in an inverted concave-shaped mounting body, and the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are respectively arranged on both sides of the notch, and the shielding piece is arranged corresponding to the notch.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The present invention arranges a light source transmitting end and a light source receiving end in the shield machine cutter, and arranges a light shielding plate at the light source transmitting end and the light source receiving end. The light shielding plate is arranged on the cutter shaft, and the cutter shaft is deformed by the radial force, and the light shielding plate is driven to move. The amount of detection light emitted by the light source transmitting end is different before and after the light shielding plate moves, and then the deformation of the cutter shaft can be calculated by the light intensity difference, and then the radial force borne by the cutter shaft can be calculated;

[0018] 2. The detection light emitted by the light source transmitting end of the present invention is a point matrix light source, and the point matrix light source can be formed by an optical fiber array or a light diffraction plate. The larger the area of ​​the point matrix light source blocked by the shading plate, the less light the light receiving end receives, and vice versa;

[0019] 3. The present invention further provides a focusing lens at the light source receiving end. By utilizing the focusing effect of the focusing lens, the number of light detectors provided at the light source transmitting end can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one structural composition of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state after the shading plate moves;

[0024] Figure 3 is a front view schematic diagram of a matrix light forming plate;

[0025] Figure 4 is a front view schematic diagram of a sunshade;

[0026] Figure 5 It is another structural composition schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter structure of a shield machine;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the hob is subjected to radial force.

[0030] Among them: 1. light source transmitting end, 2. shading plate, 3. light source receiving end, 4. focusing lens, 5. mounting frame, 6. high-strength spring, 1-1. light source, 1-2. matrix light forming plate, 2-1. light-transmitting hole, 3-1. receiver array, 3-2. optical signal processor, a1. knife body, a2. tapered roller bearing, a3. knife shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0032] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying an order. The "plurality" in the embodiments of the present invention refers to two or more.

[0033] The "and / or" in the embodiments of the present invention is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device, which is arranged on the cutter shaft a3 of the cutter. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a light source emitting end 1 and a light source receiving end 3, and a light shielding sheet 2 is arranged between the light source emitting end 1 and the light source receiving end 3, and the light shielding sheet 2 is fixedly arranged on the knife shaft a3. When the knife shaft a3 is subjected to force, the knife shaft a3 drives the light shielding sheet 2 to move in the radial direction. The main implementation principle of this embodiment is to emit a point matrix light source through the light source emitting end 1, and the point matrix light source is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the light source receiving end 3 sets a corresponding light detector and then calculates the light intensity received by the light detector, such as Figure 2As shown, when the knife shaft a3 is subjected to radial force, the knife shaft a3 will bend and deform, and the knife shaft a3 will drive the shading plate 2 to move. After the shading plate 2 moves, the number of point matrix light sources passing through the shading plate 2 will change, and the light intensity received by the receiving end of the light source will also change. The deformation amount of the knife shaft a3 can be reversed through the change, and then the radial force on the knife shaft a3 can be calculated through the deformation amount of the knife shaft a3. In a specific implementation, the light source transmitting end 1 includes a light source 1-1 and a matrix light forming plate 1-2. The matrix light forming plate 1-2 of this embodiment is arranged in the form of an optical fiber array. The optical fiber array includes a plurality of optical fibers. The ends of all optical fibers are fixed by a mounting plate to form an array. The light source receiving end 3 is provided with a light detector array 3-1 and an optical signal processor 3-2. The data of the light detector array 3-1 are all transmitted to the optical signal processor 3-2 for processing. The number of light detectors in the light detector array 3-1 corresponds to the number of optical fibers. Since light propagates in the optical fiber by reflection, there will be a certain deflection angle when the light passes through the optical fiber. Generally, a light detector is arranged corresponding to each optical fiber. The deflection angle of the light will affect the light detector's reception of the light. Therefore, a light coupling element needs to be arranged at the end of the light array. The light coupling element can be arranged as a fiber lens or a light collimator, wherein the light collimator is specifically used to convert the reflected light in the light into collimated light (parallel light), and the light lens uses the focusing effect of its lens to change the direction of light propagation.

[0036] In the specific installation, such as Figure 6 The structural diagram of the shield machine hob shown in the figure, the shield machine mainly includes a cutter shaft a3 and a cutter body a1, the cutter shaft a3 is fixedly arranged on the cutter seat, so during the working process, the cutter shaft a3 is stationary, and the cutter body a1 is rotatably arranged on the cutter shaft a3 through a tapered roller bearing a2. Based on the structure of the shield machine hob, the light source transmitting end 1 and the light source receiving end 3 should remain static, that is, they should not rotate with the cutter body a1, so in the installation, as Figure 7As shown, the light source emitting end 1 and the light source receiving end 3 are both mounted on the cutter shaft a3. When the roller cutter is subjected to radial force, the deformation of the middle part of the cutter shaft a3 is the largest. Therefore, the light shielding plate 2 is set in the middle part of the axial direction of the cutter shaft a3. The light source emitting end 1 and the light source receiving end 3 are set on both sides of the light shielding plate 2 through the mounting frame. In addition, during the operation, the roller cutter will continuously generate vibration when rolling on the rock formation. In order to eliminate the generated vibration, the light source emitting end 1 and the light source receiving end 3 are connected to the mounting frame 5 through a high-strength spring 6. The high-strength spring can provide good support and filter vibration. In this embodiment, the light source emitting end 1 and the light source receiving end 3 are both set in a "concave" shaped box. The optical fiber matrix of the light source emitting end 1 and the light detector array 3-1 of the light source receiving end 3 are respectively set on both sides of the notch. The optical fiber matrix and the light detector matrix are located on the same mounting base to reduce the amount of light received and reduce errors. When the cutter shaft is subjected to radial force, the changing states of the light shielding plate and the mounting plate are as shown in FIG. Figure 8 shown.

[0037] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the baffle plate 2 is provided with a light-transmitting hole 2-1, and the light-transmitting hole 2-1 can be a circular hole, a polygonal hole, etc., as long as it has certain rules. Before and after the knife axis is deformed, the position of the light passing through the light-transmitting hole 2-1 on the baffle plate 2 received by the receiver array 3-1 changes accordingly. Therefore, the change in the light position can be detected to calculate the change direction and amount of the knife axis a3.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] Compared with the first embodiment, the main difference of this embodiment is that the array light forming plate of this embodiment is set differently. The array light forming plate of this embodiment is a light diffraction plate, and the light diffraction plate is selected to be a diffraction plate that can diffract light into a light point matrix, achieving the same effect as the above-mentioned optical fiber matrix. Others can refer to the setting method of the first embodiment.

[0040] Embodiment 3

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the main difference of this embodiment is that: this embodiment sets a focusing lens 4 at the light source receiving end, and the focusing lens 4 can play the effect of focusing parallel light, that is, the point matrix light source generated by the light source transmitting end 1 passes through the focusing lens 4 after passing through the shading plate 2, and the focusing lens 4 focuses the light, and the area after projection is reduced, and the corresponding number of light receivers can also be relatively reduced. The setting method of the light source transmitting end 1 can refer to the setting method of the first embodiment, or the setting method of the second embodiment can be adopted.

[0042] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device, arranged on the cutter shaft of the cutter, characterized in that: It includes a light source transmitting end and a light source receiving end, and a light shielding sheet is arranged between the light source transmitting end and the light source receiving end, the light shielding sheet is fixedly arranged on the knife shaft, and the part of the detection light emitted by the light source transmitting end that is not blocked by the light shielding sheet is received by the light source receiving end. When the knife shaft is subjected to radial force, the knife shaft drives the light shielding sheet to move in the radial direction, and the detection light received by the light source receiving end changes with the movement of the light shielding sheet; The detection light emitted by the light source transmitting end is a point matrix light source, and the light source receiving end is provided with a light detector array and an optical signal processor; The light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are both connected to the mounting frame via high-strength springs, and the high-strength springs are used to provide good support and vibration filtering; the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are both installed in an inverted concave-shaped mounting body, and the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are respectively arranged on both sides of the notch, and the shielding sheet is arranged corresponding to the notch.

2. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light source emitting end includes a light source and an optical fiber array, and the end of the optical fiber array is fixed by a mounting plate.

3. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light source emitting end comprises a light source and a light diffraction plate, and the detection light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the light source receiving end through the light diffraction plate.

4. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: All the light detectors are connected to the optical signal processor, and the number of the light detectors corresponds to the number of light spots in the dot matrix light source.

5. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The light source receiving end is provided with a light detector array, a light signal processor and a focusing lens, and the number of the light detector arrays is less than the number of light spots in the point matrix light source.

6. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the optical fiber array is provided with an optical fiber coupling element, and the optical fiber coupling element is a lens optical fiber or an optical fiber collimator.

7. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding sheet is provided with a light-transmitting hole.

8. The shield machine cutter radial pressure detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are both installed on the knife shaft, the light shielding sheet is arranged in the middle of the axial direction of the knife shaft, and the light source emitting end and the light source receiving end are arranged on both sides of the light shielding sheet through the mounting frame.

Images