Front suspension suitable for unmanned mining vehicle and installation method and arrangement method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a front suspension suitable for an unmanned mining vehicle, comprising: a front axle, a frame connecting seat, a piston rod assembly, a cylinder, and a guide sleeve. The front axle comprises: an upper fork arm, a lower fork arm, and a connecting shaft. The piston rod assembly comprises: a support section, a rotating shaft section, and a piston section. The present invention also discloses a method for installing the front suspension suitable for an unmanned mining vehicle, and a method for arranging the front suspension suitable for an unmanned mining vehicle. The present invention can significantly reduce the center of gravity of the frame and the entire vehicle, is conducive to the arrangement of the carriage of the unmanned vehicle, and improves the driving safety of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned mining vehicles, and in particular relates to a front suspension suitable for an unmanned mining vehicle and a mounting method and a layout method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Unmanned driving and its technology are the current and future development direction of mining vehicles. The existing unmanned mining vehicles are modified with the chassis of manned mining vehicles, and the cab and operating platform are still retained. The future unmanned mining vehicles will be completely unmanned, and the position and space of the cab will be occupied by the carriage. The existing front suspension cylinder is installed on the front suspension and is located between the front axle and the workshop. Due to the high height of the front suspension cylinder, the center of gravity of the frame (the front suspension is part of the frame) is high, which further leads to a high center of gravity for the carriage, materials and the entire vehicle, which is not conducive to driving safety.

[0003] Publication No. CN112172428A discloses a double wishbone front suspension of an off-road mining dump truck, including an upper tie rod, an upper wishbone, a pin, an oil-gas suspension cylinder, a lower wishbone, a bearing seat, a spherical bearing and an oil-gas suspension piston rod, the oil-gas suspension cylinder is connected to the frame, the upper wishbone and the lower wishbone are hingedly mounted on both sides of the oil-gas suspension cylinder, the oil-gas suspension piston rod is slidably connected to the oil-gas suspension cylinder, and the upper tie rod is hingedly connected to the oil-gas suspension piston rod and the frame. The height of the oil-gas suspension cylinder is located above the lower wishbone, resulting in a higher center of gravity position of the frame.

[0004] Publication No. CN205439859U discloses a double-tie rod McPherson front suspension structure for a mining dump truck, including a lateral tie rod, an oblique tie rod, an oil-gas suspension cylinder, and an oil-gas suspension piston rod installed in the oil-gas suspension cylinder. One end of the lateral tie rod is connected to the frame through a joint bearing II and a pin assembly II, and the other end is connected to the lower end of the oil-gas suspension piston rod through a joint bearing; one end of the oblique tie rod is connected to the frame through a joint bearing III and a pin assembly III, and the other end is connected to the lower end of the oil-gas suspension piston rod through a joint bearing; the upper and lower positions of the lateral tie rod and the oblique tie rod can be adjusted according to actual conditions; the oil-gas suspension cylinder and the oil-gas suspension piston rod are connected to the frame through the joint bearing I and the pin assembly I at the upper end of the oil-gas suspension cylinder. The height of the oil-gas suspension cylinder is higher than that of the lateral tie rod and the oblique tie rod, which also leads to a higher center of gravity position of the frame. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a front suspension suitable for an unmanned mining vehicle and an installation method and a layout method thereof, which can significantly reduce the center of gravity of the frame and the entire vehicle, is beneficial to the layout of the unmanned vehicle compartment, and improves the vehicle driving safety.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

[0007] The front suspension suitable for unmanned mining vehicles includes: a front axle, a frame connecting seat, a piston rod assembly, a cylinder, and a guide sleeve. The front axle includes: an upper fork arm, a lower fork arm, and a connecting shaft. The upper fork arm and the lower fork arm are connected to the ends of the connecting shaft. The upper fork arm is located on the upper part of the lower fork arm. The upper fork arm is provided with an upper fork arm through hole, and the lower fork arm is provided with a lower fork arm through hole. The periphery of the lower fork arm through hole is provided with a plurality of cylinder connection threaded holes; the frame connecting seat is provided with a first shaft hole, and the piston rod assembly includes: a support section, a rotating shaft section, and a piston section. The rotating shaft section and the piston section are respectively connected to both ends of the support section, and the outer diameter of the piston section is larger than the outer diameter of the support section, and the outer diameter of the support section is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft section; the upper end of the cylinder is open, and the lower end is closed. A cylinder connecting edge is provided on the outer wall of the outer side of the opening of the cylinder, and a plurality of cylinder connecting through holes are provided on the cylinder connecting edge; a second axial hole is provided in the axial direction of the guide sleeve, and a guide sleeve connecting edge is provided on the upper outer wall of the guide sleeve, and a plurality of guide sleeve connecting through holes are provided on the guide sleeve connecting edge; the cylinder is sleeved in the lower fork arm through hole, the guide sleeve is sleeved in the cylinder, the guide sleeve connecting edge is pressed on the upper part of the cylinder connecting edge, the cylinder connecting bolt passes through the guide sleeve connecting through hole, the cylinder connecting through hole is connected to the cylinder connecting threaded hole, and the lower part of the cylinder extends to the lower part of the lower fork arm through hole; the rotating shaft section is sleeved on the first axial hole, the upper part of the rotating shaft section is sleeved in the upper fork arm through hole, the supporting section is sleeved in the second axial hole, and the piston section is located in the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, a wear-resistant belt is provided in the upper fork arm through hole, the upper part of the rotating shaft section is sleeved in the wear-resistant belt, and a shield is provided on the upper part of the upper fork arm through hole; a shield connecting threaded hole is provided on the periphery of the upper fork arm through hole, the lower end of the shield is open and the upper end is closed, and a shield connecting edge is provided on the outer wall of the shield outside the opening, and a plurality of shield connecting through holes are provided on the shield connecting edge, and the shield connecting bolts pass through the shield connecting through holes and are connected to the shield connecting threaded holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the frame connecting seat is provided with a frame connecting edge at the end, the frame connecting edge is provided with a plurality of frame connecting through holes, and the frame connecting through holes are provided with frame connecting screws.

[0010] Furthermore, the piston section and the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel form a closed space, and the closed space is filled with oil-gas mixture.

[0011] Furthermore, the support section and the rotating shaft section form a support step at the connection, and the support step is located at the lower part of the frame connecting seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the frame connecting seat is horizontally connected to the frame, and the axis of the frame connecting seat and the front axle are at the same height position.

[0013] The installation method of the front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle includes:

[0014] The frame connection screw passes through the frame connection through hole of the frame connection seat, connects the frame connection seat to the side of the frame, and places the upper fork arm and the lower fork arm of the front axle on the upper and lower sides of the first axle hole of the frame connection seat;

[0015] The rotating shaft section at the upper end of the piston rod assembly passes through the through hole of the lower fork arm, and the guide sleeve is mounted on the rotating shaft section; the rotating shaft section extends into the first shaft hole, and the front end extends into the wear-resistant belt of the through hole of the upper fork arm, and the support section lifts up the frame connection seat;

[0016] Place the guide sleeve at the through hole of the lower fork arm, move the piston section and the guide sleeve downward, and the piston section extends into the inner cavity of the guide sleeve. The connecting edge of the guide sleeve is pressed on the upper part of the connecting edge of the cylinder. The cylinder connecting bolt passes through the guide sleeve connecting through hole and the cylinder connecting through hole and is connected to the cylinder connecting threaded hole, and the guide sleeve and the cylinder are connected to the lower fork arm through hole of the lower fork arm.

[0017] Preferably, the shield connecting bolt passes through the shield connecting through hole and is connected to the shield connecting threaded hole, connecting the shield to the upper part of the upper fork arm through hole of the upper fork arm.

[0018] The arrangement method of the front suspension adapted to the unmanned mining vehicle includes:

[0019] The frame connection seat is connected to the side of the frame, and the front axle is rotatably connected to the frame connection seat through the piston rod assembly to reduce the height of the front axle relative to the frame;

[0020] Connect the cylinder to the lower fork arm of the front axle, and make the main body of the cylinder be located at the lower part of the through hole of the lower fork arm, use the support section to lift the frame connecting seat, separate the frame connecting seat from the lower fork arm, and the front axle and the frame connecting seat are rotatably connected through the piston rod assembly.

[0021] Preferably, the axis of the frame connecting seat and the front axle are arranged at the same height.

[0022] The technical effects of the present invention include:

[0023] In the present invention, the cylinder and the piston rod assembly are installed on the front axle, the main body of the cylinder is located at the lower part of the front axle, and the axis of the frame connecting seat and the front axle are arranged at the same height position; through the improvement of the upper components and the adjustment of the position, the center of gravity of the frame and the whole vehicle can be significantly lowered on the basis of ensuring the reliable rotation of the front axle, which is beneficial to the layout of the unmanned vehicle compartment and improves the driving safety of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the front axle 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston rod assembly 3 in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of a front suspension applicable to an unmanned mining vehicle in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the AA direction of a front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Bottom view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following description sufficiently illustrates specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice and reproduce the invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 Shown is a cross-sectional view of the front axle 1 of the present invention.

[0031] The front axle 1 includes an upper fork arm 11, a lower fork arm 12, and a connecting shaft 13. The upper fork arm 11 and the lower fork arm 12 are connected to the ends of the connecting shaft 13. The upper fork arm 11 and the lower fork arm 12 are located on the same side. The upper fork arm 11 is located on the upper part of the lower fork arm 12. The upper fork arm 11 is provided with an upper fork arm through hole 111, and the lower fork arm 12 is provided with a lower fork arm through hole 121. The upper fork arm 11 is provided with a shield connection threaded hole at the top and outside the upper fork arm through hole 111, and the lower fork arm 12 is provided with a cylinder connection threaded hole at the top and outside the lower fork arm through hole 121. A wear-resistant belt 6 is provided in the upper fork arm through hole 111 to reduce the friction between the piston rod assembly 3 and the upper fork arm through hole 111.

[0032] The frame connection seat 2 is provided with a frame connection edge and a first axial hole, the frame connection edge is located at the end of the frame connection seat 2, the frame connection edge is provided with a plurality of frame connection through holes, and the frame connection through holes are provided with frame connection screws 21. The frame connection seat 2 is connected to the side of the frame 8 through the frame connection screws 21.

[0033] The frame connecting seat 2 is horizontally connected to the frame 8, and the axis of the frame connecting seat 2 and the front axle 1 are at the same height.

[0034] like Figure 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the piston rod assembly 3 in the present invention.

[0035] The piston rod assembly 3 includes: a support section 31, a shaft section 32, and a piston section 33. The shaft section 32 and the piston section 33 are respectively connected to both ends of the support section 31. The outer diameter of the piston section 33 is larger than the outer diameter of the support section 31, and the outer diameter of the support section 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft section 32.

[0036] The outer diameter of the support section 31 is greater than the outer diameter of the shaft section 32 , so that a support step 34 is formed at the connection. The support step 34 is used to limit the downward movement of the frame connecting seat 2 to prevent the frame connecting seat 2 from rubbing against the guide sleeve 5 .

[0037] The cylinder 4 is open at the upper end and closed at the lower end. The cylinder 4 is provided with a cylinder connection edge on the outer wall outside the opening, and the cylinder connection edge is provided with a plurality of cylinder connection through holes. The guide sleeve 5 is provided with a second axial hole in the axial direction, and a guide sleeve connection edge is provided on the upper outer wall, and the guide sleeve connection edge is provided with a plurality of guide sleeve connection through holes. The cylinder connection through holes and the guide sleeve connection through holes are provided with cylinder connection bolts, and the cylinder connection bolts are connected to the cylinder connection threaded holes.

[0038] The shield 7 is open at the lower end and closed at the upper end. The shield 7 is provided with a shield connection edge on the outer wall outside the opening. The shield connection edge is provided with a plurality of shield connection through holes. The shield connection through holes are provided with shield connection bolts, which are connected to the shield connection threaded holes. The shield 7 plays a role in protecting the rotating shaft section 32 and the upper fork arm through hole 111.

[0039] like Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front suspension of the unmanned mining vehicle in the present invention; Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic AA cross-sectional view of a front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle according to the present invention; Figure 5 As shown, Figure 3 Bottom view of .

[0040] The invention is applicable to the front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle, comprising: a front axle 1, a frame connecting seat 2, a piston rod assembly 3, a cylinder barrel 4, a guide sleeve 5, a wear-resistant belt 6, and a protective cover 7.

[0041] The guard connecting bolt passes through the guard connecting through hole and is connected to the guard connecting threaded hole, connecting the guard 7 to the upper part of the upper fork arm through hole 111 of the upper fork arm 11, and a wear-resistant belt 6 is arranged in the upper fork arm through hole 111; the cylinder 4 is sleeved in the lower fork arm through hole 121, the guide sleeve 5 is sleeved in the cylinder 4, the guide sleeve connecting edge is pressed on the upper part of the cylinder connecting edge, the cylinder connecting bolt passes through the guide sleeve connecting through hole and the cylinder connecting through hole and is connected to the cylinder connecting threaded hole, connecting the guide sleeve 5 and the cylinder 4 to the lower fork arm through hole 121 of the lower fork arm 12, and the lower part of the cylinder 4 extends to the lower part of the lower fork arm through hole 121; the rotating shaft section 32 of the piston rod assembly 3 is sleeved on the first axial hole of the frame connecting seat 2, the upper part of the rotating shaft section 32 is sleeved in the wear-resistant belt 6, the support section 31 is sleeved in the second axial hole of the guide sleeve 5, the support step 34 is located at the lower part of the frame connecting seat 2, and the piston section 33 is located in the cylinder 4.

[0042] The size of the rotating shaft section 32 corresponds to that of the first shaft hole, and an interference fit is adopted. The piston section 33 and the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 4 form a closed space L, and the closed space L is pre-filled with a mixture of oil and gas, which can be compressed or expanded. When the vehicle needs to turn, the steering mechanism pushes the front axle 1 to rotate around the piston rod assembly 3.

[0043] The piston rod assembly 3 is clearance-matched with the wear-resistant belt 6, the guide sleeve 5, and the cylinder barrel 4, and the piston rod assembly 3 can move up and down or rotate. When the vehicle travels on an uneven road, the oil-gas mixture in the enclosed space L is compressed or expanded, which plays a role in shock absorption.

[0044] The forward direction and the backward direction of the vehicle described in the present invention are based on the left side of the forward direction of the vehicle as left, and the right side of the forward direction of the vehicle as right; at the same time, in order to simplify the description, only the structure of the left front suspension is explained, and the right front suspension is symmetrical to the left front suspension.

[0045] The installation method of the front suspension of the unmanned mining vehicle is applicable to the following specific process:

[0046] The frame connection screw 21 passes through the frame connection through hole of the frame connection seat 2, the frame connection seat 2 is connected to the side of the frame 8, and the upper fork arm 11 and the lower fork arm 12 of the front axle 1 are placed on the upper and lower sides of the first axle hole of the frame connection seat 2;

[0047] The shaft section 32 at the upper end of the piston rod assembly 3 passes through the lower fork arm through hole 121, and then the guide sleeve 5 is mounted on the shaft section 32; the shaft section 32 extends into the first shaft hole, and the front end extends into the wear-resistant belt 6 of the upper fork arm through hole 111, and the support section 31 lifts the frame connecting seat 2;

[0048] Place the guide sleeve 5 at the lower fork arm through hole 121, move the piston section 33 and the guide sleeve 5 downward, and extend the piston section 33 into the inner cavity of the guide sleeve 5. The guide sleeve connecting edge is pressed on the upper part of the cylinder connecting edge. The cylinder connecting bolt passes through the guide sleeve connecting through hole and the cylinder connecting through hole and is connected to the cylinder connecting threaded hole. Connect the guide sleeve 5 and the cylinder 4 to the lower fork arm through hole 121 of the lower fork arm 12.

[0049] The shield connection bolt passes through the shield connection through hole and is connected to the shield connection threaded hole, connecting the shield 7 to the upper part of the upper fork arm through hole 111 of the upper fork arm 11.

[0050] The arrangement method of the front suspension adapted to the unmanned mining vehicle is as follows:

[0051] The frame connecting seat 2 is connected to the side of the frame 8, and the front axle 1 is rotatably connected to the frame connecting seat 2 through the piston rod assembly 3 to reduce the height of the front axle 1 relative to the frame 8;

[0052] The cylinder 4 is connected to the lower fork arm 12 of the front axle 1, and the main body of the cylinder 4 is located at the lower part of the lower fork arm through hole 121, and the frame connecting seat 2 is lifted up by the support section 31 to separate the frame connecting seat 2 from the lower fork arm 12, so that the front axle 1 and the frame connecting seat 2 are rotationally connected through the piston rod assembly 3.

[0053] The frame connecting seat 2 is separated from the lower fork arm 12, which avoids friction between the frame connecting seat 2 and the lower fork arm 12 when the front axle 1 rotates around the piston rod assembly 3. At the same time, the axis of the frame connecting seat 2 and the front axle 1 are arranged at the same height position, and the main body of the cylinder 4 is located at the lower part of the lower fork arm through hole 121. These arrangements can significantly lower the center of gravity of the frame and the entire vehicle while ensuring the free rotation of the front axle 1.

[0054] The terms used in the present invention are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the technical solution, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the aforementioned details, but should be widely interpreted within the spirit and scope defined by the attached claims, so all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A front suspension suitable for an unmanned mining vehicle, characterized in that: include: The front axle, the frame connecting seat, the piston rod assembly, the cylinder, and the guide sleeve. The front axle includes: an upper fork arm, a lower fork arm, and a connecting shaft. The upper fork arm and the lower fork arm are connected to the end of the connecting shaft. The upper fork arm is located on the upper part of the lower fork arm. The upper fork arm is provided with an upper fork arm through hole. The lower fork arm is provided with a lower fork arm through hole. The periphery of the lower fork arm through hole is provided with a plurality of cylinder connection threaded holes; the frame connecting seat is provided with a first shaft hole, the frame connecting seat is provided with a frame connecting edge at the end, the frame connecting edge is provided with a plurality of frame connection through holes, the frame connection through holes are provided with frame connection screws, and the frame connecting seat is connected to the frame through The screws are connected to the side of the frame; the piston rod assembly includes: a support section, a shaft section, and a piston section. The shaft section and the piston section are respectively connected to the two ends of the support section. The outer diameter of the piston section is larger than the outer diameter of the support section, and the outer diameter of the support section is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft section. The support section and the shaft section form a support step at the connection. The support step is located at the lower part of the frame connection seat. The support step is used to limit the downward movement of the frame connection seat to prevent the frame connection seat from rubbing against the guide sleeve; the upper end of the cylinder is open and the lower end is closed. The outer wall of the cylinder outside the opening is provided with a cylinder connection edge, and the cylinder connection edge is provided with multiple The guide sleeve is provided with a second axial hole in the axial direction, and a guide sleeve connecting edge is provided on the upper outer wall of the guide sleeve, and a plurality of guide sleeve connecting through holes are provided on the guide sleeve connecting edge; the cylinder sleeve is inserted into the lower fork arm through hole, the guide sleeve is inserted into the cylinder, the guide sleeve connecting edge is pressed on the upper part of the cylinder connecting edge, the cylinder connecting bolt passes through the guide sleeve connecting through hole, and the cylinder connecting through hole is connected to the cylinder connecting threaded hole, the guide sleeve and the cylinder are connected to the lower fork arm through hole of the lower fork arm, and the lower part of the cylinder extends to the lower part of the lower fork arm through hole; the rotating shaft section is sleeved on the first axial hole, and the upper part of the rotating shaft section is sleeved on It is installed in the through hole of the upper fork arm, the support section is sleeved in the second shaft hole, and the piston section is located in the cylinder; a wear-resistant belt is arranged in the through hole of the upper fork arm, the upper part of the rotating shaft section is sleeved in the wear-resistant belt, and a shield is arranged on the upper part of the through hole of the upper fork arm; a shield connecting threaded hole is arranged on the periphery of the through hole of the upper fork arm, the lower end of the shield is open, and the upper end is closed, and a shield connecting edge is arranged on the outer wall of the shield outside the opening, and a plurality of shield connecting through holes are arranged on the shield connecting edge, and the shield connecting bolt passes through the shield connecting through hole and is connected to the shield connecting threaded hole; the piston rod assembly is clearance-matched with the wear-resistant belt, the guide sleeve, and the cylinder.

2. The front suspension for unmanned mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston section and the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel form a closed space, and the closed space is filled with oil-gas mixture.

3. The front suspension for unmanned mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame connecting seat is horizontally connected to the frame, and the axis of the frame connecting seat and the front axle are at the same height position.

4. A method for installing a front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: The frame connection screw passes through the frame connection through hole of the frame connection seat, connects the frame connection seat to the side of the frame, and places the upper fork arm and the lower fork arm of the front axle on the upper and lower sides of the first axle hole of the frame connection seat; The rotating shaft section at the upper end of the piston rod assembly passes through the through hole of the lower fork arm, and the guide sleeve is mounted on the rotating shaft section; the rotating shaft section extends into the first shaft hole, and the front end of the rotating shaft section extends into the wear-resistant belt of the through hole of the upper fork arm, and the supporting section lifts up the frame connection seat; Place the guide sleeve at the through hole of the lower fork arm, move the guide sleeve downward, extend the piston section into the guide sleeve, press the connecting edge of the guide sleeve on the upper part of the connecting edge of the cylinder, pass the connecting bolt of the cylinder through the connecting hole of the guide sleeve, and connect the connecting through hole of the cylinder to the connecting threaded hole of the cylinder, and connect the guide sleeve and the cylinder to the through hole of the lower fork arm.

5. The method for installing the front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shield connecting bolt passes through the shield connecting through hole and is connected to the shield connecting threaded hole, so as to connect the shield to the upper part of the upper fork arm through hole of the upper fork arm.

6. A method for arranging a front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: The frame connection seat is connected to the side of the frame, and the front axle is rotatably connected to the frame connection seat through the piston rod assembly to reduce the height of the front axle relative to the frame; Connect the cylinder to the lower fork arm of the front axle, and make the main body of the cylinder be located at the lower part of the through hole of the lower fork arm, use the support section to lift the frame connecting seat, separate the frame connecting seat from the lower fork arm, and the front axle and the frame connecting seat are rotatably connected through the piston rod assembly.

7. The method for arranging the front suspension of an unmanned mining vehicle as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The axis of the frame connecting seat and the front axle are arranged at the same height.

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