High voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set of equipment, comprising a capacitor cabinet and a high-voltage parallel capacitor group arranged inside the capacitor cabinet, a series iron core reactor, a vacuum circuit breaker, a current transformer, a high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller, a blow-out fuse and a microcomputer protection unit. The device is protected by the microcomputer protection unit, and the microcomputer protection unit comprises a cut-off locking switch, a temperature sensor, a bulge detection device and a capacitance detection device. When a group of capacitors has faults such as high temperature, bulge, sudden drop in capacitance, etc., the corresponding group of capacitors can be disconnected by cutting off the locking switch, and other groups of capacitors can be operated normally, thereby effectively improving the safety performance of the device and preventing serious consequences such as capacitor explosion, leakage, and failure from occurring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution equipment, and in particular to a high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set of equipment. Background Art

[0002] The power exchange required for the activity of inductive elements and capacitive elements in the circuit is called reactive power. Reactive power is relative to active power. It cannot be said that reactive power is useless work. Without this part of power, the induced magnetic field cannot be established, and the motor, transformer and other equipment cannot operate. In the power system, in addition to the reactive power of the load, the transformer and the reactor on the line also require a large amount of reactive power. Since there are a large number of inductive reactive loads such as motors and transformers in the power system, and these inductive reactive loads need to absorb a large amount of reactive power to establish an induced magnetic field, the power factor decreases, the line loss increases, the voltage quality decreases, and the equipment utilization rate is low. In order to eliminate the useless consumption of inductive reactive power in the system and achieve the effect of maximizing the output of active power, reactive compensation must be carried out. At present, there are many mature equipment for improving the quality of electric energy, such as installing fixed compensation capacitors or shunt reactors in the power grid for adjustment, and the dynamic reactive compensation complete set of equipment uses inductive reactive units to compensate the reactive power of the power grid system. As the capacity of distribution networks continues to increase, the quality of power in the power grid is also increasingly polluted. Therefore, how to purify the quality of power, improve the operating environment of the power grid, and further achieve energy saving and cost reduction of complete sets of equipment has become a research direction for power systems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set of equipment, which adopts advanced power factor and reactive power gap switching, can realize multi-stage capacity adjustment with a smaller number of capacitor groups, reduces the cost of the equipment, and has a high cost performance.

[0004] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting a technical solution: a high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set of equipment, including a capacitor cabinet and a high-voltage parallel capacitor group arranged inside the capacitor cabinet, a series iron core reactor, a vacuum circuit breaker, a current transformer and a high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller, the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller is electrically connected to the current transformer and the vacuum circuit breaker, the vacuum circuit breaker is electrically connected to the high-voltage parallel capacitor group, the high-voltage parallel capacitor group is electrically connected to the series iron core reactor, each group of capacitors in the high-voltage parallel capacitor group is connected in series with a spray-type fuse, the high-voltage parallel capacitor group is provided with a microcomputer protection unit, and the microcomputer The protection unit is electrically connected to the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller. The microcomputer protection unit includes a cut-off locking switch, a temperature sensor, a bulge detection device and a capacitance detection device. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of each group of capacitors. The bulge detection device includes a surface shape recognition sensor for detecting the bulge deformation of each group of capacitors. The capacitance detection device is used to detect the capacitance of the capacitor when the capacitor circuit is disconnected. Each of the cut-off locking switches is respectively connected in series to each group of capacitor circuits in the high-voltage parallel capacitor group, and the corresponding group of capacitors can be cut off and locked at any time to allow other groups of capacitors to operate normally.

[0005] For further improvement, the surface shape recognition sensor is a camera module or an ultrasonic detection module, and the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller includes a measurement module, a display module, a control module and a data communication module.

[0006] For further improvement, the microcomputer protection unit also includes a photosensor for detecting flashover discharge phenomena at the capacitor connection and a liquid sensor for detecting liquid leakage phenomena at the capacitor.

[0007] For further improvement, the microcomputer protection unit also includes a cooling and fire extinguishing device, which includes a gas cylinder storing fire extinguishing gas, and an electric control nozzle is connected to the gas cylinder, and the electric control nozzle is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the light sensitive sensor.

[0008] For further improvement, a support ring is provided at the bottom of the capacitor cabinet, a shock-absorbing gasket is provided at the bottom of the support ring, a plurality of rotating blocks are rotatably mounted on the side wall of the support ring, a universal wheel is fixedly mounted on the rotating block, an air cushion is provided between the rotating block and the support ring, an annular air pipe connected to the air cushion is fixedly mounted in the support ring, and a valve core is installed on the annular air pipe.

[0009] To be further improved, the shock-absorbing gasket includes an insulating gasket, an elastic support ring and a wear-resistant ring arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a plurality of circumferentially distributed trapezoidal grooves are formed on the upper and lower sides of the elastic support ring. The insulating gasket and the wear-resistant ring are both provided with elastic shock-absorbing protrusions that cooperate with the trapezoidal grooves, and elastic protrusions are evenly distributed on the bottom of the wear-resistant ring.

[0010] For further improvement, a fence is provided at the front of the capacitor cabinet, the fence is a U-shaped barrier rod, and the two ends of the U-shaped barrier rod are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the capacitor cabinet through a 90-degree rotator.

[0011] Further improvement, the vacuum circuit breaker is installed with a zinc oxide lightning arrester, the zinc oxide lightning arrester includes a jacket and a zinc oxide resistor, the two ends of the jacket are respectively provided with an upper joint and a lower joint, a plurality of stacked zinc oxide resistors are fixedly arranged between the upper joint and the lower joint, a hexagonal through hole is provided in the center of the zinc oxide resistor, a hexagonal conductive nut is slidably connected in the hexagonal through hole, an insulating gasket is provided on the upper side of the conductive nut, an insulating screw is threadedly connected on the conductive nut, an adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the upper joint, the inner end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the insulating screw, and a conductive spring is fixedly connected between the conductive nut and the lower joint.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The device of the present invention is composed of a high-voltage parallel capacitor group, a series iron core reactor, a vacuum circuit breaker, a current transformer, a high-voltage reactive compensation intelligent controller, a spray-type fuse and a microcomputer protection unit. The device adopts advanced power factor and reactive gap switching. Through automatic combination, it can achieve multi-level capacity adjustment with a small number of capacitor groups and a small number of high-voltage vacuum switches, and the cost is greatly reduced. It can be evenly configured according to the needs of users and switched step by step. 2. When a part of the series section (50%-70%) inside the capacitor is broken down, the fuse is activated, and the faulty capacitor can be quickly cut off from the capacitor group, effectively preventing the expansion of the fault. 3. The device is protected by a microcomputer protection unit, which includes a cut-off locking switch, a temperature sensor, a bulge detection device and a capacitance detection device. When a group of capacitors has high temperature, bulge, capacitance drop and other faults, the corresponding group of capacitors can be disconnected by cutting off the locking switch, and other groups of capacitors can operate normally, effectively improving the safety performance of the device, and it is not easy to cause serious consequences such as capacitor explosion, leakage, and failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the universal wheel is folded;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the universal wheel is unfolded;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock-absorbing washer;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a zinc oxide lightning arrester;

[0018] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. capacitor cabinet, 11. support ring, 12. shock-absorbing washer, 121. insulating washer, 122. elastic support ring, 123. trapezoidal groove, 124. elastic shock-absorbing convex block, 125. wear-resistant ring, 126. elastic convex point, 13. rotating block, 14. universal wheel, 15. air cushion, 2. zinc oxide lightning arrester, 21. outer jacket, 22. zinc oxide resistor, 23. upper joint, 24. lower joint, 25. hexagonal through hole, 26. conductive nut, 27. insulating gasket, 28. insulating screw, 29. conductive spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Refer to the attached Figure 1:The high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set in this embodiment includes a capacitor cabinet 1 and a high-voltage parallel capacitor bank, a series iron core reactor, a vacuum circuit breaker, a current transformer and a high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller arranged inside the capacitor cabinet 1. The high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller is electrically connected to the current transformer and the vacuum circuit breaker. The vacuum circuit breaker is electrically connected to the high-voltage parallel capacitor bank. The high-voltage parallel capacitor bank is electrically connected to the series iron core reactor. The series reactor is connected in series in the capacitor circuit to limit the high-order harmonics in the switching capacitor bank and reduce the closing surge current. The reactance rate of the series reactor is only 0.1%-1% for limiting the surge current. For limiting harmonics above the fifth order, 4.5%-6% is selected. For suppressing harmonics above the third order, 12%-13% is selected. The high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set adopts advanced power factor and reactive power gap switching. Through automatic combination, it can realize multi-level capacity adjustment with a small number of capacitor banks and a small number of high-voltage vacuum switches, and the cost is greatly reduced. It can be evenly configured according to user needs and switched step by step. Each group of capacitors in the high-voltage parallel capacitor group is connected in series with a blow-by fuse. When part of the series section (50%-70%) inside the capacitor breaks down, the fuse is activated, and the faulty capacitor can be quickly cut off from the capacitor group, effectively preventing the expansion of the fault. The high-voltage parallel capacitor group is provided with a microcomputer protection unit, which is electrically connected to the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller. The microcomputer protection unit includes a cut-off lock switch, a temperature sensor, a bulge detection device and a capacitance detection device. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of each group of capacitors. The bulge detection device includes a surface shape recognition sensor for detecting the bulge deformation of each group of capacitors. The capacitance detection device is used to detect the capacitance of the capacitor when the capacitor circuit is disconnected. Each of the cut-off lock switches is connected in series to each group of capacitor circuits in the high-voltage parallel capacitor group, and the corresponding group of capacitors can be cut off and locked at any time, so that other groups of capacitors can operate normally. The device is protected by a microcomputer protection unit. When a group of capacitors has faults such as high temperature, bulging, sudden drop in capacitance, etc., the corresponding group of capacitors can be disconnected by cutting off the locking switch, while other groups of capacitors can operate normally, effectively improving the safety performance of the device, and it is not easy to cause serious consequences such as capacitor explosion, leakage, and failure. A discharge coil is also installed on the high-voltage parallel capacitor group. The discharge coil is connected in parallel to the capacitor circuit. When the capacitor group is out of power, the residual voltage on the capacitor can be reduced from the rated voltage peak to below 50V within five seconds.

[0021] The surface shape recognition sensor is a camera module or an ultrasonic detection module. The camera module can obtain image information of the capacitor surface by taking a picture of the capacitor, and judge the bulge on the capacitor surface by manual or computer analysis. The ultrasonic detection module can use ultrasonic waves to measure distance, understand the subtle bulge changes on the capacitor surface, and detect the bulge phenomenon more accurately. The high-voltage reactive compensation intelligent controller includes a measurement module, a display module, a control module and a data communication module. The device uses a high-voltage reactive compensation intelligent controller to automatically control the switching of capacitors. It has a high degree of automation and complete measurement, display, control and communication functions. It can control the switching of capacitor groups according to reactive power and automatically compensate for the load idle power without manual intervention. The power factor is above 0.95, and it automatically exits in the event of an external fault or power outage, and automatically resumes operation after power is supplied. The controller can display historical data - active power - reactive power - apparent power - power factor inductive capacitance - system current - voltage - harmonic display 3-29 times - historical data report.

[0022] The microcomputer protection unit also includes a light sensor for detecting flashover discharge at the capacitor connection and a liquid sensor for detecting capacitor leakage. The light sensor is used to detect poor contact and aging at the feedback capacitor connection. The liquid sensor can transmit and receive fixed frequency relationships, measure the reflectivity of the capacitor surface, and promptly feedback the capacitor leakage problem.

[0023] The microcomputer protection unit also includes a cooling and fire extinguishing device, which includes a gas cylinder storing fire extinguishing gas, and an electric control nozzle is connected to the gas cylinder, and the electric control nozzle is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the light sensitive sensor. When the capacitor has a high temperature or an arc is generated at its connection, the microcomputer protection unit controls the electric control nozzle to open and spray the fire extinguishing gas to the capacitor to achieve cooling and arc extinguishing, thereby reducing the risk of fire. After the high temperature and arc faults are eliminated, the microcomputer protection unit controls the electric control nozzle to close.

[0024] As attached Figure 2-3As shown, a support ring 11 is provided at the bottom of the capacitor cabinet 1, and a shock-absorbing washer 12 is provided at the bottom of the support ring 11. The shock-absorbing washer 12 has a shock-absorbing effect, which can reduce the severe vibration transmitted from the surrounding installation environment and avoid adverse effects on the components in the cabinet. A plurality of rotating blocks 13 are rotatably installed on the side wall of the support ring 11, and a universal wheel 14 is fixedly installed on the rotating block 13. An air cushion 15 is provided between the rotating block 13 and the support ring 11, and an annular air pipe connected to the air cushion 15 is fixedly installed in the support ring 11, and a valve core is installed on the annular air pipe. When in use, the staff can use an air pump to connect the valve core and inflate the air cushion 15 through the annular air pipe. After the volume of the air cushion 15 expands, it drives the rotating block 13 to rotate 90 degrees, and the universal wheel 14 unfolds to prop up the capacitor cabinet 1, so that the capacitor cabinet 1 can be moved conveniently; after the capacitor cabinet 1 is pushed to the installation position, the valve core is opened, the air cushion 15 is deflated, the rotating block 13 rotates 90 degrees to reset, and the universal wheel 14 is folded to put down the capacitor cabinet 1, so as to fix the capacitor cabinet 1.

[0025] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the shock-absorbing gasket 12 includes an insulating gasket 121, an elastic support ring 122 and a wear-resistant ring 125 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A plurality of circumferentially distributed trapezoidal grooves 123 are formed on the upper and lower sides of the elastic support ring 122. The insulating gasket 121 and the wear-resistant ring 125 are both provided with elastic shock-absorbing protrusions 124 which cooperate with the trapezoidal grooves 123, which can cooperate with the elastic support ring 122 to form a shock-absorbing and highly elastic structure to achieve good buffering and shock-absorbing effects. Elastic protrusions 126 are evenly distributed on the bottom of the wear-resistant ring 125 to adapt to rough and uneven surfaces.

[0026] The front part of the capacitor cabinet 1 is provided with a fence, which is a U-shaped barrier rod, and the two ends of the U-shaped barrier rod are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the capacitor cabinet 1 through a 90-degree turner. After the cabinet door of the capacitor cabinet 1 is closed, the U-shaped barrier rod can be turned down 90 degrees to a horizontal position to maintain a safe distance between the cabinet body and personnel to avoid electric shock; during maintenance, the staff can turn the U-shaped barrier rod up 90 degrees to a vertical position, and the width of the U-shaped barrier rod is greater than the width of the cabinet door, so the staff can smoothly open the cabinet door for maintenance.

[0027] As attached Figure 5As shown, the vacuum circuit breaker is equipped with a zinc oxide lightning arrester 2, which includes a jacket 21 and a zinc oxide resistor 22. An upper joint 23 and a lower joint 24 are respectively provided at both ends of the jacket 21. A plurality of stacked zinc oxide resistors 22 are fixedly provided between the upper joint 23 and the lower joint 24. A hexagonal through hole 25 is provided in the center of the zinc oxide resistor 22. A hexagonal conductive nut 26 is slidably connected in the hexagonal through hole 25. The conductive nut 26 is in close contact with the zinc oxide resistor 22. An insulating gasket 27 is provided on the upper side of the conductive nut 26 to avoid breakdown of the conductive nut 26 and the upper joint 23. An insulating screw 28 is threadedly connected to the conductive nut 26. An adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the upper joint 23. The inner end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the insulating screw 28. A conductive spring 29 is fixedly connected between the conductive nut 26 and the lower joint 24. The conductive spring 29 has the functions of conducting electricity and improving the operating feel.

[0028] Zinc oxide arresters are electrical products used to protect various electrical equipment in power systems from overvoltage damage. They have good protection performance and are capable of absorbing various lightning overvoltages, power frequency transient overvoltages, and operating overvoltages. The rated voltage of the zinc oxide arrester should be higher than the power frequency transient voltage that may occur at its installation location. The main difficulty in selecting an arrester is determining the range of temporary overvoltages. In general, the rated voltage of a zinc oxide arrester is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual conditions, so it cannot meet the needs of the power system. During operation, the zinc oxide arrester 2 is connected to the external circuit through the upper connector 23 and the lower connector 24. The nonlinear volt-ampere characteristic of the zinc oxide resistor 22 is very good, so that only a few hundred microamperes of current pass through under normal working voltage. When overvoltage invades, the current flowing through the zinc oxide resistor 22 increases rapidly, and the amplitude of the overvoltage is limited at the same time. The current is conducted through the upper connector 23, the zinc oxide resistor 22, the conductive nut 26, the conductive spring 29 and the lower connector 24, releasing the energy of the overvoltage. After that, the zinc oxide resistor 22 returns to the high resistance state, so that the power system can work normally. During actual installation and use, when the leakage voltage of the zinc oxide resistor 22 is too small, the insulating screw 28 can be driven to rotate forward by the adjusting rod of the upper connector 23. Under the action of the thread, the conductive nut 26 is moved downward, the distance between the conductive nut 26 and the upper connector 23 is increased, and a large number of zinc oxide resistors 22 are connected, thereby increasing the rated voltage of the zinc oxide arrester to ensure that the zinc oxide resistor 22 does not act under temporary overvoltage. When the leakage voltage of the zinc oxide resistor 22 is too large, the insulating screw 28 can be driven to reverse through the adjustment rod of the upper joint 23. Under the action of the thread, the conductive nut 26 moves upward, reducing the distance between the conductive nut 26 and the upper joint 23, and connecting a smaller number of zinc oxide resistors 22, thereby lowering the rated voltage of the zinc oxide lightning arrester to ensure safe and grounding operation under higher operating overvoltages and atmospheric overvoltages.

[0029] Although the invention has been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set of equipment, comprising a capacitor cabinet (1) and a high-voltage shunt capacitor bank, a series iron core reactor, a vacuum circuit breaker, a current transformer and a high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller arranged inside the capacitor cabinet (1), wherein the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller is electrically connected to the current transformer and the vacuum circuit breaker, the vacuum circuit breaker is electrically connected to the high-voltage shunt capacitor bank, and the high-voltage shunt capacitor bank is electrically connected to the series iron core reactor, characterized in that: Each group of capacitors in the high-voltage parallel capacitor group is connected in series with a blow-by fuse, and a microcomputer protection unit is provided on the high-voltage parallel capacitor group, and the microcomputer protection unit is electrically connected to the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller, and the microcomputer protection unit includes a cut-off lock switch, a temperature sensor, a bulge detection device and a capacitance detection device, wherein the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of each group of capacitors, the bulge detection device includes a surface shape recognition sensor for detecting the bulge deformation of each group of capacitors, and the capacitance detection device is used to detect the capacitance of the capacitor when the capacitor circuit is disconnected, and each of the cut-off lock switches is respectively connected in series to each group of capacitor circuits in the high-voltage parallel capacitor group, and the corresponding group of capacitors can be cut off and locked at any time, so that other groups of capacitors can operate normally; The bottom of the capacitor cabinet (1) is provided with a support ring (11), the bottom of the support ring (11) is provided with a shock-absorbing washer (12), a plurality of rotating blocks (13) are rotatably mounted on the side wall of the support ring (11), a universal wheel (14) is fixedly mounted on the rotating block (13), an air cushion (15) is provided between the rotating block (13) and the support ring (11), an annular air pipe connected to the air cushion (15) is fixedly mounted inside the support ring (11), and a valve core is mounted on the annular air pipe; The shock-absorbing washer (12) comprises an insulating washer (121), an elastic support ring (122) and a wear-resistant ring (125) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; a plurality of circumferentially distributed trapezoidal grooves (123) are formed on the upper and lower sides of the elastic support ring (122); elastic shock-absorbing convex blocks (124) which cooperate with the trapezoidal grooves (123) are arranged on the insulating washer (121) and the wear-resistant ring (125); and elastic convex points (126) are evenly distributed on the bottom of the wear-resistant ring (125); The vacuum circuit breaker is provided with a zinc oxide lightning arrester (2), the zinc oxide lightning arrester (2) comprising an outer jacket (21) and a zinc oxide resistor (22), an upper joint (23) and a lower joint (24) are respectively provided at two ends of the outer jacket (21), a plurality of stacked zinc oxide resistors (22) are fixedly provided between the upper joint (23) and the lower joint (24), a hexagonal through hole (25) is provided at the center of the zinc oxide resistor (22), a hexagonal conductive nut (26) is slidably connected in the hexagonal through hole (25), an insulating gasket (27) is provided on the upper side of the conductive nut (26), an insulating screw (28) is threadedly connected to the conductive nut (26), an adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the upper joint (23), the inner end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the insulating screw (28), and a conductive spring (29) is fixedly connected between the conductive nut (26) and the lower joint (24).

2. The high voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface shape recognition sensor is a camera module or an ultrasonic detection module, and the high-voltage reactive power compensation intelligent controller includes a measurement module, a display module, a control module and a data communication module.

3. The high voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microcomputer protection unit also includes a light sensor for detecting flashover discharge phenomenon at the capacitor connection and a liquid sensor for detecting liquid leakage phenomenon of the capacitor.

4. The high voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The microcomputer protection unit also includes a cooling and fire extinguishing device, which includes a gas storage cylinder storing fire extinguishing gas, the gas storage cylinder is connected to an electric control nozzle, and the electric control nozzle is electrically connected to a temperature sensor and a light sensitive sensor.

5. The high voltage automatic reactive power compensation complete set device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front of the capacitor cabinet (1) is provided with a fence, which is a U-shaped barrier rod, and the two ends of the U-shaped barrier rod are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the capacitor cabinet (1) via a 90-degree rotator.

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