An earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge bearings, and aims to solve the problem that in the existing secondary earthquake-resistant type spherical steel bearing, there is a sliding zone without rigidity between the first and second limit protection structures, and after the first limit protection structure fails, the second-level block needs to bear a large impact load, and the second-level block is easily damaged by the impact. An earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing is provided, and an inner block and an outer block are arranged on both sides of the lower bearing plate upward from the transverse bridge, and the inner block is located between the upper bearing plate and the outer block; a shear pin is connected between the inner block and the lower bearing plate; a chamber is formed between the inner block and the outer block, and a buffer is accommodated in the chamber; the present invention arranges a buffer between the inner block and the outer block, so that there is no sliding zone without rigidity between the inner block and the outer block, and the buffer can absorb and dissipate a part of the earthquake energy, reduce the impact load on the outer block, and improve the safety performance of the bridge structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge bearings, and in particular to an earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing. The present invention is used in the North Branch Yangtze River Bridge project of the Shanghai-Chongqing-Gaocheng High-Speed ​​Railway. Background Art

[0002] At present, the large horizontal force bearings used in bridge engineering are basically of the first-level earthquake-resistant type, that is, the bearings are provided with a block on each side of the lower bearing plate of the bearing according to the horizontal bearing capacity requirements proposed in the design, and the block is consolidated with the upper bearing plate to bear the horizontal load. Once the horizontal force generated by accidental factors such as earthquakes exceeds the ultimate bearing capacity of the block, the block will be sheared and lose the horizontal constraint structure. At this time, the cable-stayed bridge or suspension bridge may not cause the beam to fall (because the beam is held by the cable), but it is extremely unfavorable for arch bridges and simply supported beams. After the first limit fails, there is no measure that can be relied on again.

[0003] There is a second-level seismic-resistant spherical steel bearing in the industry. On the basis of the ordinary bearing, an additional limit protection structure is added to realize the graded limit function of the structure to a certain extent. However, there is a sliding zone without rigidity between the first and second limit protection structures. After the first limit protection structure fails, the second stopper needs to bear a large impact load, so the second stopper is easily damaged by the impact. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing to solve the problem that in the existing secondary earthquake-resistant spherical steel bearing, there is a sliding zone without rigidity between the first and second limit protection structures. After the first limit protection structure fails, the second stopper needs to bear a large impact load and the second stopper is easily damaged by the impact.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] An earthquake identification type anti-impact bearing comprises an upper bearing plate, a spherical crown lining plate, and a lower bearing plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a spherical slide plate is arranged between the upper bearing plate and the spherical crown lining plate, and a flat slide plate is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate and the lower bearing plate;

[0007] The lower support plate is provided with an inner stopper and an outer stopper on both sides of the cross bridge upward, and the inner stopper is located between the upper support plate and the outer stopper;

[0008] A shear pin is connected between the inner stopper and the lower support plate;

[0009] A chamber is formed between the inner stopper and the outer stopper, and a buffer is accommodated in the chamber.

[0010] It can be seen from the above content that the inner stop block is closer to the upper support plate than the outer stop block. Under special conditions such as earthquakes, the beam body displaces upward on the transverse bridge. The present invention uses the inner stop block and the outer stop block to resist upward on the transverse bridge to avoid dangerous situations such as falling beams.

[0011] Since a shear pin is connected between the inner stop block and the lower support plate, the stiffness of the shear pin before it breaks serves as the first section of the stiffness of the structure and has a certain impact resistance. However, if the impact force exerted on the inner stop block exceeds the strength of the shear pin, the shear pin breaks and the inner stop block will impact the outer stop block. The present invention provides a chamber between the inner stop block and the outer stop block, and a buffer is provided in the chamber. Therefore, there is no sliding zone without stiffness between the inner stop block and the outer stop block, and the buffer can absorb and dissipate a part of the seismic energy, reduce the impact on the outer stop block, reduce the impact load on the outer stop block, and improve the safety performance of the bridge structure.

[0012] As the preferred technical solution:

[0013] A rotating sleeve is arranged between the inner stopper and the upper support plate, and the rotating sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the upper support plate.

[0014] The rotating sleeve is provided to avoid the concentration of force on the inner stopper caused by the rotation angle, which may result in the shear pin not breaking in the designed state.

[0015] As the preferred technical solution:

[0016] The top of the inner stopper is connected with a pressing plate, and a portion of the pressing plate extends out of the inner stopper and is pressed against the top of the rotating sleeve.

[0017] The pressing plate is pressed on the top of the rotating sleeve and can limit the rotating sleeve.

[0018] As the preferred technical solution:

[0019] The pressing plate is connected to the inner stopper via bolts.

[0020] As the preferred technical solution:

[0021] The buffer component is a component made of elastic material or a component made of fluid material.

[0022] As the preferred technical solution:

[0023] The elastic material component is rubber, steel spring sheet, etc.

[0024] Used to increase the lateral stiffness of the structure.

[0025] As the preferred technical solution:

[0026] The fluid material component comprises an oil sac filled with a fluid buffer material, and the oil sac is ruptured when squeezed.

[0027] The fluid cushioning material is wrapped in an oil sac design to prevent loss under normal conditions. However, under special conditions such as earthquakes, the oil sac will rupture under the action of external forces, allowing the fluid cushioning material to flow outward.

[0028] As the preferred technical solution:

[0029] The fluid buffer material is silicone oil, hydraulic oil, etc.

[0030] As the preferred technical solution:

[0031] The inner stop block and the outer stop block are both provided with two steps, and the step surfaces of the two are arranged opposite to each other. The outer stop block cooperates with the inner stop block to form two chambers therebetween, namely a first chamber and a second chamber, and the top of the first chamber is closed by the pressure plate.

[0032] The step surfaces of the inner stopper and the outer stopper match each other. Specifically, the step surfaces of the two are opposite to each other with a certain gap in between. Therefore, a completely closed chamber and a chamber with a top opening are formed between the two. The chamber with a top opening can be closed by the pressure plate.

[0033] As the preferred technical solution:

[0034] The elastic material component is disposed in both the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0035] The elastic material component has an elastic buffering effect, and can absorb and dissipate a part of the earthquake energy, thereby reducing the impact effect on the external stopper.

[0036] As the preferred technical solution:

[0037] The fluid material component is disposed in both the first chamber and the second chamber, and a first drainage hole is provided on the pressure plate, and the first drainage hole is communicated with the first chamber;

[0038] The outer stopper is provided with a second drainage hole, and the second drainage hole is communicated with the second chamber.

[0039] The first drainage hole is used to connect the first chamber with the outside, and the second drainage hole is used to connect the second chamber with the outside, so that after the oil bag is squeezed and ruptured, the fluid buffer material overflows from the block space through the first drainage hole and the second drainage hole, providing a second section of stiffness for the structure.

[0040] As the preferred technical solution:

[0041] The elastic material component is arranged in the first chamber, and the fluid material component is arranged in the second chamber;

[0042] Alternatively, the fluid material component is disposed in the first chamber, and the elastic material component is disposed in the second chamber.

[0043] The present invention can combine two materials and respectively set them in the first chamber and the second chamber. The chamber where the elastic material component is set does not need to have drainage holes, and the chamber where the fluid material component is set only needs to have drainage holes accordingly.

[0044] As the preferred technical solution:

[0045] The fluid material component is arranged in the second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected via a connecting hole, a first drainage hole is opened on the pressure plate, and the first drainage hole is connected with the first chamber.

[0046] The fluid material component is only arranged in the second chamber. After the oil bag is squeezed and ruptured, the fluid buffer material enters the first chamber through the connecting hole and then is discharged from the first drainage hole. In the above process, the first section of stiffness is the stiffness before the shear pin breaks, the second section of stiffness is the stiffness of the fluid buffer material being discharged from the second chamber to the first chamber when the second chamber is loaded, and the third section of stiffness is the stiffness of the first chamber and the second chamber being loaded at the same time to discharge the fluid buffer material to the outside of the structure. The above three sections of stiffness increase the safety of the structure.

[0047] As the preferred technical solution:

[0048] The shear pin is arranged to pass through the outer stopper, the inner stopper and the lower support plate in sequence.

[0049] As the preferred technical solution:

[0050] The upper support plate and the lower support plate can be connected to the external structure through anchors, or can be directly connected to the external structure, such as welding, etc. The upper support plate is used to connect to the beam body, and the lower support plate is used to connect to the pier.

[0051] As the preferred technical solution:

[0052] The lower support plate is provided with a mirror stainless steel plate, and the mirror stainless steel plate and the plane slide plate form a sliding pair.

[0053] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0054] The earthquake-recognition anti-impact bearing of the present invention is provided with an inner stopper and an outer stopper, i.e., a two-stage limit protection structure. Under special conditions such as earthquakes, the beam body is displaced upward on the transverse bridge. The present invention resists the beam upward on the transverse bridge through the inner stopper and the outer stopper to avoid dangerous situations such as beam falling. A shear pin is connected between the inner stopper and the lower bearing plate. The stiffness of the shear pin before breaking is the first section stiffness of the structure, which has a certain impact resistance. However, if the impact force received by the inner stopper exceeds the strength of the shear pin, the shear pin breaks, and the inner stopper will cause impact on the outer stopper. The present invention provides a chamber between the inner stopper and the outer stopper, and a buffer is provided in the chamber. Therefore, there is no slip zone between the inner stopper and the outer stopper, so that after the inner stopper fails, it can effectively buffer the displacement to the outer stopper, reduce the impact on the outer stopper, reduce the impact load on the outer stopper, avoid the outer stopper from being damaged by impact, and improve the safety performance of the bridge structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the earthquake-recognizing anti-impact bearing described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing described in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing described in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing described in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0059] Icons: 1-upper support plate, 2-spherical crown lining plate, 3-lower support plate, 4-spherical slide plate, 5-plane slide plate, 6-mirror stainless steel plate, 7-anchor, 8-inner stop block, 9-outer stop block, 10-step surface, 11-first chamber, 12-second chamber, 13-elastic material component, 14-fluid material component, 15-rotating sleeve, 16-pressure plate, 17-shear pin, 18-first drainage hole, 19-second drainage hole, 20-connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes an earthquake-identifying impact-resistant bearing, comprising an upper bearing plate 1, a spherical crown lining plate 2, and a lower bearing plate 3 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a spherical skateboard 4 is provided between the upper bearing plate 1 and the spherical crown lining plate 2, the spherical skateboard 4 is located in a groove on the upper bearing plate 1, a rotating pair is formed between the spherical skateboard 4 and the spherical crown lining plate 2, a plane skateboard 5 is provided between the spherical crown lining plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 3, the plane skateboard 5 is located in a stop on the spherical crown lining plate 2, a mirror stainless steel plate 6 is fixed on the lower bearing plate 3, and the mirror stainless steel plate 6 and the plane skateboard 5 form a sliding pair.

[0063] The upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 3 can be connected to the external structure through anchors 7, or directly connected to the external structure, such as welding, etc. The upper support plate 1 is used to connect to the beam body, and the lower support plate 3 is used to connect to the pier.

[0064] The lower support plate 3 is provided with inner stoppers 8 and outer stoppers 9 on both sides of the transverse bridge upward, and the inner stoppers 8 are located between the upper support plate 1 and the outer stoppers 9, that is, the inner stoppers 8 are closer to the upper support plate 1 than the outer stoppers 9. Under special conditions such as earthquakes, the beam body is displaced in the transverse bridge upward, and the inner stoppers 8 and the outer stoppers 9 are used to resist in the transverse bridge upward, thereby avoiding dangerous situations such as beam falling.

[0065] A shear pin 17 is connected between the inner stop block 8 and the lower support plate 3 , and the shear pin 17 passes through the outer stop block 9 , the inner stop block 8 , and the lower support plate 3 in sequence.

[0066] In order to prevent the inner stopper 8 from being subjected to concentrated force, resulting in the shear pin 17 not breaking in the designed state, a rotating sleeve 15 is provided between the inner stopper 8 and the upper support plate 1 , and the rotating sleeve 15 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper support plate 1 .

[0067] The top of the inner stopper 8 is connected with a pressing plate 16, which partially extends out of the side of the inner stopper 8 and is pressed against the top of the rotating sleeve 15 to limit the rotating sleeve 15. In this embodiment, the pressing plate 16 is connected to the inner stopper 8 by bolts.

[0068] The inner stop block 8 and the outer stop block 9 are both provided with two steps, and the step surfaces 10 of the two are arranged opposite to each other with a certain distance between them. The outer stop block 9 cooperates with the inner stop block 8 to form a chamber with a top opening and a completely closed chamber therebetween, which are a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12 respectively. The first chamber 11 is closer to the upper support plate 1 than the second chamber 12, and the top of the first chamber 11 is closed by the pressure plate 16.

[0069] The first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are both provided with elastic material components 13, which are rubber, steel springs, etc. The elastic material components 13 have elastic buffering effects, and can absorb and dissipate a part of earthquake energy, thereby reducing the impact on the external stopper 9.

[0070] Since the shear pin 17 is connected between the inner stopper 8 and the lower support plate 3, the stiffness of the shear pin 17 before breaking is the first stiffness of the structure, which has a certain impact resistance. However, if the impact force on the inner stopper 8 exceeds the strength of the shear pin 17, the shear pin 17 breaks, and the inner stopper 8 will impact the outer stopper 9. Therefore, the shear pin 17 can control the working time. Since the elastic material component 13 is provided between the inner stopper 8 and the outer stopper 9, there is no slip zone between the inner stopper 8 and the outer stopper 9. The elastic material component 13 is the second stiffness of the structure, which can effectively buffer and reduce the impact on the outer stopper 9 during the displacement of the inner stopper 8 to the outer stopper 9 after failure, reduce the impact load on the outer stopper 9, and improve the safety performance of the bridge structure.

[0071] The earthquake-recognizing impact-resistant bearing provided in this embodiment can realize shock-absorbing characteristics, speed-related characteristics, and buffering characteristics between the inner stopper 8 and the outer stopper 9 to reduce the load impact on the outer stopper 9 under special conditions such as earthquakes.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are both provided with a fluid material component 14, the fluid material component 14 includes an oil sac, the oil sac is filled with a fluid cushioning material, and the oil sac is squeezed and ruptured. The fluid cushioning material is wrapped with an oil sac design to prevent loss under normal conditions. The fluid cushioning material is silicone oil, hydraulic oil, etc.

[0075] The pressure plate 16 is provided with a first drainage hole 18, which is in communication with the first chamber 11; the outer stopper 9 is provided with a second drainage hole 19, which is in communication with the second chamber 12. The first drainage hole 18 is used to connect the first chamber 11 with the outside of the stopper, and the second drainage hole 19 is used to connect the second chamber 12 with the outside of the stopper, so that after the oil bag is squeezed and ruptured, the fluid buffer material overflows the stopper space through the first drainage hole 18 and the second drainage hole 19, thereby providing a second section of rigidity for the structure.

[0076] Under special conditions such as earthquakes, when the inner stop block 8 fails, the inner stop block 8 impacts the outer stop block 9, and the oil bag between the two is ruptured under pressure, and the fluid buffer material therein flows into the chamber, and due to the action of pressure, the fluid buffer material in the chamber is discharged from the first drainage hole 18 and the second drainage hole 19, realizing the outward flow of the fluid buffer material. Then, the second section stiffness is the stiffness of the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 simultaneously bearing the load to discharge the fluid buffer material out of the structure.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, the elastic material component 13 is arranged in the first chamber 11, and the fluid material component 14 is arranged in the second chamber 12. In this embodiment, components of two materials are combined and arranged in the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 respectively. In this embodiment, since the elastic material component 13 is arranged in the first chamber 11, there is no need to open the first drainage hole 18.

[0080] Of course, the fluid material component 14 can also be arranged in the first chamber 11, and the elastic material component 13 can be arranged in the second chamber 12. The chamber where the elastic material component 13 is arranged does not need to have drainage holes, but the chamber where the fluid material component 14 is arranged only needs to have drainage holes.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, the second drainage hole 19 in embodiment 2 is cancelled, and only the first drainage hole 18 is opened on the pressure plate 16. The first drainage hole 18 is connected to the first chamber 11, and the first drainage hole 18 connects the first chamber 11 with the outside of the block.

[0084] The first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are connected via a connecting hole 20 , and the fluid material component 14 is disposed only in the second chamber 12 .

[0085] Since the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are connected, after the inner stop block 8 fails, the inner stop block 8 will move toward the outer stop block 9, squeezing the oil bag in the second chamber 12. After the oil bag ruptures, the fluid buffer material will flow from the second chamber 12 into the first chamber 11, and then be discharged from the first chamber 11 through the first drainage hole 18.

[0086] Therefore, the three-stage stiffness of the structure can be obtained: the first stage stiffness is the stiffness before the shear pin 17 breaks, the second stage stiffness is the stiffness of the fluid buffer material being discharged from the second chamber 12 to the first chamber 11 when the second chamber 12 is loaded, and the third stage stiffness is the stiffness of the fluid buffer material being discharged to the outside of the structure when the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are loaded at the same time. The above three stages of stiffness increase the safety of the structure.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An earthquake-recognition anti-impact bearing, comprising an upper bearing plate, a spherical cap lining plate, and a lower bearing plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a spherical slide plate is provided between the upper bearing plate and the spherical cap lining plate, and a flat slide plate is provided between the spherical cap lining plate and the lower bearing plate, characterized in that: The lower support plate is provided with an inner stopper and an outer stopper on both sides of the cross bridge upward, and the inner stopper is located between the upper support plate and the outer stopper; A shear pin is connected between the inner stopper and the lower support plate; A chamber is formed between the inner stopper and the outer stopper, and a buffer is accommodated in the chamber; A rotating sleeve is provided between the inner stopper and the upper support plate, and the rotating sleeve is provided on the outer side of the upper support plate; A pressing plate is connected to the top of the inner stopper, and a portion of the pressing plate extends out of the inner stopper and is pressed against the top of the rotating sleeve; The buffer is a fluid material component, and the fluid material component includes an oil sac, and the oil sac is filled with a fluid buffer material, and the oil sac is ruptured by being squeezed; The inner stopper and the outer stopper are both provided with two steps, and the step surfaces of the two are arranged opposite to each other. The outer stopper cooperates with the inner stopper to form two chambers therebetween, namely a first chamber and a second chamber, and the top of the first chamber is closed by the pressing plate; The fluid material component is arranged in the second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected via a connecting hole, a first drainage hole is opened on the pressure plate, and the first drainage hole is connected with the first chamber.

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