A drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function. It includes a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic impact assembly, a water tail assembly and a power head fixing frame assembly; the hydraulic motor is connected to the upper end face of the hydraulic impact assembly by a flange, the lower end face of the hydraulic impact assembly is connected to the upper end face of the water tail assembly by a flange, and the water tail assembly is hinged to the power head fixing frame assembly; the hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve by a flange; the power head output shaft of the hydraulic impact assembly is connected to the motor output shaft by a sliding spline, and is connected to the power head water tail shaft of the water tail assembly by a sliding spline; the hydraulic impact transition assembly is located between the hydraulic impact assembly and the water tail assembly; the hydraulic impact transition assembly is respectively connected to the hydraulic impact assembly and the water tail assembly by a flange. The invention has the advantages of being able to apply impact work to the drill tool while transmitting the speed and torque output by the motor, thereby achieving efficient rock crushing drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of geological equipment, in particular to a power head device of a drilling rig, more specifically to a drilling rig power head with a hydraulic vibration impact function. Background Art

[0002] In the field of drilling, there are many methods of surface drilling and hole formation, such as rotary drilling, impact drilling and impact rotary drilling. Among them, for some hard and difficult-to-break formations, the impact rock breaking method is more effective than simple rotary drilling.

[0003] At present, full-hydraulic drilling rigs are widely used in geotechnical engineering to complete surface drilling operations. However, most of the mainstream full-hydraulic drilling rigs on the market use a hydraulic cylinder top to drive the power head, which directly drives the drill pipe column. The power head and the bottom drill bit are rigidly connected. This solution cannot use the impact rock crushing method, otherwise it will directly damage the hydraulic cylinder.

[0004] In addition, for some complex working conditions, the existing drilling rigs have many difficulties in implementing only the rotary drilling method: for example, for loose and broken formations, the drill tool must pass quickly, requiring the power head to output high speed and low torque, while in surface drilling operations, large-diameter drilling operations or deep hole operations, the power head is required to output high torque and low speed. To solve this difficulty, existing drilling rigs have proposed a variety of solutions, such as adopting a modular design method to design a variety of different power heads, which can be replaced for different working conditions; or using dual motor drive, designing a reducer inside the power head, and obtaining different ranges of speed output through multiple gear meshing positions; or using a variable motor, installing a sensor, and using a load-sensitive hydraulic system design to adjust the motor's speed and torque output in real time according to load requirements. But overall, these improvements are still certain improvements made within the scope of single rotary drilling, and while solving the motor output problem, they have introduced new difficulties, such as a reduction in the power-to-weight ratio of drilling rig accessories, increased technical requirements for drilling personnel, and work reliability in harsh on-site environments.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a drilling rig power head that can transmit the speed and torque output by the motor while applying impact work to the drill bit to achieve efficient rock crushing drilling. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function, which is composed of a motor, a hydraulic impact assembly, a water tail assembly and a fixed seat assembly. It can apply impact work to the drill bit while transmitting the rotation speed and torque output by the motor to achieve efficient rock breaking drilling; and solve the problem that the drilling rig power head with only rotation function is difficult to implement drilling under complex working conditions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is: a drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function, characterized in that: it includes a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic impact assembly, a water tail assembly and a power head fixing frame assembly; the hydraulic motor and the upper end surface of the hydraulic impact assembly are connected by a flange, the lower end surface of the hydraulic impact assembly and the upper end surface of the water tail assembly are connected by a flange, and the water tail assembly and the power head fixing frame assembly are hinged;

[0008] The hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve through a flange;

[0009] The power head output shaft of the hydraulic impact assembly is connected to the motor output shaft through a sliding spline, and is connected to the power head tail shaft of the tail assembly through a sliding spline;

[0010] The hydraulic impact transition component is located between the hydraulic impact component and the water tail component; the hydraulic impact transition component is respectively connected to the hydraulic impact component and the water tail component through flanges.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the hydraulic impact assembly is composed of a hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve, a hydraulically controlled reversing valve, an impactor bearing gland, a first tapered roller bearing, a power head output shaft, and a hydraulic impact piston;

[0012] The hydraulically controlled reversing valve is fixed on the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve by screws. The hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve is a shell for flange connection of the hydraulic impact component with the hydraulic motor and the water tail component. The hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve is respectively connected to the hydraulic motor and the water tail component by flanges.

[0013] The output shaft of the power head is suspended on the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve through the first tapered roller bearing, the first tapered roller bearing is installed with an impactor bearing gland, and the impactor bearing gland is fixedly installed on the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve through a screw washer fixing assembly; the hydraulic impact piston ring is sleeved on the output shaft of the power head;

[0014] The hydraulic impact transition assembly includes a Gly ring and a wear ring;

[0015] The hydraulic impact piston is sleeved on the output shaft of the power head, and a dynamic seal is formed between the hydraulic impact piston and the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve through a Gley ring, and the inner cavity of the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve is sealed into two upper and lower closed cavities.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the tail assembly includes a tail steel cylinder and a power head tail shaft; the power head tail shaft is suspended on the tail steel cylinder through a second tapered roller bearing.

[0017] In the above technical solution, a copper sleeve for the tail shaft is arranged outside the tail shaft of the power head; the lower end of the tail shaft of the power head is a multi-step stepped shaft;

[0018] The second tapered roller bearing is supported and limited by the tail support and limiting sleeve and the tail bearing gland;

[0019] Install a straight water joint on the tail bearing gland;

[0020] An oil cup is installed on the tail steel cylinder.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the power head fixing frame assembly is composed of a hexagonal guide rail and a power head support plate;

[0022] The power head bracket is welded on the hexagonal guide rail;

[0023] The tail assembly is hinged to the power head bracket.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the hydraulically controlled reversing valve is mounted on the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve by means of screws and is communicated with the oil circuit inside the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve.

[0025] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) Single motor direct drive: The present invention uses a single motor to directly drive the output shaft of the power head. The motor output shaft and the power head output shaft are connected by internal and external splines, and the torque and speed are transmitted without passing through a reduction mechanism or a multi-stage speed change mechanism. This can avoid energy loss caused by the flow of energy through the intermediate mechanism, improve energy utilization, and make the power head compact in structure, small in mass and volume, and convenient for transportation. It is particularly suitable for transportation of drilling rigs in remote areas with complex terrain;

[0027] (2) Hydraulic vibration impact structure: The present invention designs and installs a hydraulic vibration impactor on the rotary power head. While the power head is pressurized and feeds, driving the bottom hole drill to rotate and crush the rock, the hydraulic vibration impactor applies impact work to the drill at a certain frequency, forming an impact-rotation composite drilling, which can effectively overcome the complex working conditions where the rotary power head is difficult to implement;

[0028] (3) A power head tail shaft with multiple threaded joints; the present invention makes the power head tail shaft connected to one end of the drill pipe column into a multi-step stepped shaft, on which different matching threads are machined, which can greatly enhance the applicability of the drilling rig power head to different types of drill pipes, such as ordinary drill pipes, rope coring drill pipes, casing, etc.

[0029] (4) Rotation to open the hole and float the power head support plate; the power head needs to be continuously fed during drilling in the present invention, and two hydraulic cylinders are installed on the reserved holes of the power head fixing frame assembly and act synchronously. The power head is driven to slide up and down along the hexagonal guide rail through the power head support plate. In terms of connection, the motor, hydraulic impact assembly and water tail assembly of the power head are rigidly connected. The water tail assembly is hinged to the power head support plate. Among the two hinges, one is longer and fixed; the other is shorter and can be separated. The power head can rotate around the longer hinge to open the hole position, which is convenient for the operator to perform some other necessary operations. At the same time, the power head can move up and down a certain distance on the hinge relative to the power head support plate, so that a certain impact distance can be left to prevent the impact work of the hydraulic vibrator from affecting the feeding action of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] The power head described in the present invention is composed of a motor, a hydraulic impact assembly, a water tail assembly and a fixed frame assembly. The motor assembly and the hydraulic impact assembly are simultaneously arranged on the power head, which can apply impact work to the drill bit while transmitting the rotation speed and torque output by the motor, thereby realizing efficient rock crushing drilling; and solving the problem that the drilling rig power head with only a rotation function is difficult to implement drilling under complex working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the power head in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the power head in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0033] Figure 3 The three-dimensional structure of the power head in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the power head fixing frame assembly in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection between the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic impact assembly in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection between the water tail assembly and the power head fixing frame assembly in the present invention.

[0037] In the figure, 1-hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve, 2-hydraulic control reversing valve, 3-hydraulic motor fixing flange, 4-hydraulic impact transition assembly, 5-transition piece housing flange, 6-water tail steel cylinder, 7-oil cup, 8-water tail steel cylinder lower hinge plate, 9-straight water joint, 10-water tail bearing pressure cover, 11-screw washer fixing assembly, 12-Gley ring, 13-O-ring, 14-impactor bearing pressure cover, 15-first tapered roller bearing, 16-power head Output shaft, 17-hydraulic impact piston, 18-water tail support limiting sleeve, 19-second tapered roller bearing, 20-copper sleeve for water tail shaft, 21-power head water tail shaft, 22-wear-resistant ring, 23-hydraulic motor, 24-hydraulic impact assembly, 25-water tail assembly, 26-power head fixing frame assembly, 27-hexagonal guide rail, 28-power head support plate, 29-hydraulic motor output shaft, 30-upper closed cavity, 31-lower closed cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is a detailed description of the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention and are only given as examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention are made clearer and easier to understand through the description.

[0039] The present invention makes an innovative design on the power head structure, only slightly increases the size and weight of the power head, so that the power head can obtain the function of vibration impact, and no longer relies on the hydraulic hammer in the hole to realize the impact function, that is, it reduces the construction difficulty and cost, and improves the work reliability. The present invention realizes the impact function and smoothly transmits the impact work to the drilling tool in the hole, avoids the impact on the hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig, and the rotation and impact functions do not interfere with each other, and the drilling fluid and hydraulic pressure do not interfere with each other, and can circulate smoothly.

[0040] The present invention has the following characteristics: 1) driven by a single hydraulic motor; the present invention adopts a single motor to directly drive the output shaft of the power head, and the motor output shaft and the power head output shaft are connected by internal and external splines, and the torque and speed are transmitted without passing through a reduction mechanism or a multi-stage speed change mechanism, so that energy loss caused by flowing through an intermediate mechanism can be avoided, and energy utilization rate can be improved. At the same time, the power head structure is compact, the mass and volume are small, and transportation is convenient, especially suitable for transportation of drilling rigs in remote areas with complex terrain; 2) The hydraulic motor is arranged on the impact device; 3) The concentric ring of the reciprocating valve that causes impact work is sleeved on the output shaft, reducing the size and weight of the power head; overcoming the defects of the prior art that the reciprocating valve and the transmission shaft are connected head to tail, and the axial length and weight are large; 4) The faucet (straight water joint) of the present invention is arranged at the bottom, and the drilling fluid has no effect on the power head; overcoming the defects that the existing drilling fluid will be deposited in the cavity at the connection between the reciprocating valve and the spline shaft, causing corrosion, affecting the product life and working reliability; 5) relying on the floating mechanism of the power head.

[0041] Referring to the attached drawings, it can be seen that: a drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function includes a hydraulic motor 23, a hydraulic impact assembly 24, a water tail assembly 25 and a power head fixing frame assembly 26;

[0042] The hydraulic motor 23 is connected to the upper end surface of the hydraulic impact assembly 24 by a flange, the lower end surface of the hydraulic impact assembly 24 is connected to the upper end surface of the tail assembly 25 by a flange, and the tail assembly 25 is hinged to the power head fixing frame assembly 26; a vibration impact function is added to the power head of the drilling rig, when the hydraulic motor 23 drives the drill bit threadedly connected to the tail shaft 22 of the power head to rotate, the hydraulic impact piston 17 in the hydraulic impact assembly 24 slides up and down under the control of the hydraulic control valve 2, causing impact work, which is transmitted to the drilling bit through the tail shaft 21 of the power head;

[0043] The hydraulic motor fixing flange 3 is welded to the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve 1;

[0044] The hydraulic motor 23 is connected to the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve 1 through a flange (i.e., the hydraulic motor fixing flange 3);

[0045] The power head output shaft 16 of the hydraulic impact assembly 24 is connected to the hydraulic motor output shaft 29 through a sliding spline, and is connected to the power head tail shaft 21 of the tail assembly 25 through a sliding spline;

[0046] The hydraulic impact transition assembly 4 is located between the hydraulic impact assembly 24 and the water tail assembly 25; the hydraulic impact transition assembly 4 is connected to the hydraulic impact assembly 24 and the water tail assembly 25 through flanges.

[0047] The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 23 is connected to the power head output shaft 16 by a sliding spline.

[0048] Furthermore, the tail assembly 25 includes a tail steel cylinder 6 and a power head tail shaft 21; the power head tail shaft 21 is connected to the power head output shaft 16 by a sliding spline, and the power head tail shaft 21 is suspended on the tail steel cylinder 6 through a second tapered roller bearing 19. The transition piece housing flange 5 is welded to the tail steel cylinder 6; the tail steel cylinder lower hinge plate 8 is welded to the tail steel cylinder 6.

[0049] The hydraulic impact transition component 4 is located between the hydraulic impact component 24 and the water tail component 25; the hydraulic impact transition component 4, the hydraulic impact component 24, and the water tail component 25 are connected by flanges.

[0050] Furthermore, the hydraulic impact assembly 24 is composed of a hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1, a hydraulically controlled reversing valve 2, an impactor bearing gland 14, a first tapered roller bearing 15, a power head output shaft 16, a hydraulic impact piston 17, etc.;

[0051] The hydraulic impact transition assembly 4 includes a hydraulic impact transition piece, an O-ring 13 , a Gly ring 12 and a wear ring 22 .

[0052] The hydraulic impact transition piece is used to straighten the hydraulic impact piston 17;

[0053] The O-ring 13 is used for static sealing (the O-ring 13 is arranged in a groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the hydraulic impact transition assembly 4, and cooperates with the inner hole wall of the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1 to form a static seal); the Gly ring 12 and the wear-resistant ring 22 are used for dynamic sealing of the hydraulic impact piston;

[0054] The power head output shaft 16 is suspended on the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1 through the first tapered roller bearing 15, and the impactor bearing gland 14 is installed on the first tapered roller bearing 15. The impactor bearing gland 14 is fixedly installed on the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1 through the screw washer fixing assembly 11; the hydraulic impact piston 17 is encircled on the power head output shaft 16;

[0055] The hydraulic impact piston 17 is encircled on the power head output shaft 16, and a dynamic seal is formed between the hydraulic impact piston 17 and the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1 through the Gley ring 12. The inner cavity of the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1 is sealed into two upper and lower closed cavities (respectively, an upper closed cavity 30 and a lower closed cavity 31), and the hydraulic impact piston 17 can slide up and down to cause impact;

[0056] The special wear-resistant ring 22, the Gly ring 12 and the hydraulic impact piston 17 form a dynamic sealing assembly. The hydraulic impact piston 17 moves up and down. The special wear-resistant ring 22 and the Gly ring 12 reduce the gap between the hydraulic impact piston 17 and the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve 1 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage.

[0057] The hydraulic vibration impact function of the present invention is realized by changing the flow of hydraulic oil through the hydraulic control valve 2, and the hydraulic oil flows out of the upper closed cavity 30. When flowing into the lower closed cavity 31, the hydraulic impact piston 17 moves upward, and after reaching the end point, the hydraulic oil flows into the upper closed cavity 30. When flowing out of the lower closed cavity, the hydraulic impact piston 17 accelerates to slide down, causing impact, and the cycle action generates a certain frequency of vibration impact.

[0058] Furthermore, the hydraulically controlled reversing valve 2 is mounted on the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve 1 by screws and is connected to the oil circuit inside the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve 1. The hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve 1 is a housing for flange connection of the hydraulic impact assembly 24 with the hydraulic motor 23 and the water tail assembly 25. The hydraulically controlled reversing valve 2 is a commercially available product, and the hydraulically controlled reversing valve 2 is used to control the action of the hydraulic impact piston 17.

[0059] Furthermore, a copper sleeve 20 for the tail shaft is arranged outside the power head tail shaft 21; the lower end of the power head tail shaft 21 is a multi-step shaft, and each step shaft is threaded.

[0060] The tail bearing gland 10 is threadedly connected to a straight water joint 9 for conveying drilling fluid;

[0061] The tail steel cylinder 6 is threadedly connected to the oil cup 7.

[0062] Further, the power head fixing frame assembly 26 is composed of a hexagonal guide rail 27 and a power head support plate 28;

[0063] The power head bracket 28 is welded on the hexagonal guide rail 27; the hexagonal guide rail 27 is used in conjunction with the drilling rig.

[0064] There is a hinge hole on the outer shell of the water level component 25, and the power head water tail component 25 is hinged to the power head bracket 28. The power head water tail component 25 can rotate around the hinge axis and slide up and down a short distance along the hinge axis.

[0065] The working process of the drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function described in the present invention is as follows:

[0066] After the drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function described in the present invention is assembled, it is installed on the drilling rig. Before drilling, the oil circuits of the motor and the hydraulic vibration control valve group are connected, the drilling fluid is introduced into the straight water joint 9, and the drill pipe column is threadedly connected to the water tail shaft 21 of the power head. Start the power unit, and the drilling rig hydraulic cylinder drives the power head described in the present invention to slide up and down along the hexagonal guide seat to realize the feeding operation and transmit the drilling pressure to the drill bit; in terms of rock crushing, different drilling methods can be selected according to the specific conditions on site, including rotary drilling driven by the hydraulic motor 23, hydraulic vibration impact drilling by the hydraulic impact piston 17, and rotary impact drilling by the joint action of the motor and the hydraulic impact piston 17. The switching of different methods is completed by manipulating the hydraulic system control valve group.

[0067] In terms of implementation effect, compared with existing power head products on the market, the present invention simplifies the power head structure, reduces weight, and increases functions, with a higher function-to-quality ratio. At the same time, without using bottom hole impact tools such as hydraulic hammers, impact rotary composite drilling can be achieved to obtain good rock crushing effects, and the application prospects are broad.

[0068] Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims

1. A drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function, characterized in that: It comprises a hydraulic motor (23), a hydraulic impact assembly (24), a tail assembly (25) and a power head fixing frame assembly (26); the hydraulic motor (23) and the upper end surface of the hydraulic impact assembly (24) are connected by a flange, the lower end surface of the hydraulic impact assembly (24) and the upper end surface of the tail assembly (25) are connected by a flange, and the tail assembly (25) and the power head fixing frame assembly (26) are hinged; The hydraulic motor (23) is connected to the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve (1) via a flange; The power head output shaft (16) of the hydraulic impact assembly (24) is connected to the motor output shaft through a sliding spline, and is connected to the power head tail shaft (21) of the tail assembly (25) through a sliding spline; The hydraulic impact transition component (4) is located between the hydraulic impact component (24) and the water tail component (25); the hydraulic impact transition component (4) is respectively connected to the hydraulic impact component (24) and the water tail component (25) through flanges; The hydraulic impact assembly (24) comprises a hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve (1), a hydraulically controlled reversing valve (2), an impactor bearing gland (14), a first tapered roller bearing (15), a power head output shaft (16) and a hydraulic impact piston (17); The hydraulically controlled reversing valve (2) is fixed on the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve (1), and the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve (1) is a housing for flange connection of the hydraulic impact component (24) with the hydraulic motor (23) and the water tail component (25); The power head output shaft (16) is suspended on the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve (1) through a first tapered roller bearing (15); an impactor bearing pressure cover (14) is installed on the first tapered roller bearing (15); the impactor bearing pressure cover (14) is fixedly installed on the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve (1) through a screw washer fixing assembly (11); the hydraulic impact piston (17) is sleeved on the power head output shaft (16); The hydraulic impact transition assembly (4) includes a Gly ring (12) and a wear ring (22); The hydraulic impact piston (17) is trapped on the power head output shaft (16), and a dynamic seal is formed between the hydraulic impact piston (17) and the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve (1) through a Gly ring (12), and the inner cavity of the hydraulic impact outer fixed sleeve (1) is sealed into two upper and lower closed cavities; The flow of the hydraulic oil is changed by the hydraulically controlled reversing valve (2), and the hydraulic oil flows out of the upper sealed cavity (30); when it flows into the lower sealed cavity (31), the hydraulic impact piston (17) moves upward. After reaching the end point, the hydraulic oil flows into the upper sealed cavity (30); when it flows out of the lower sealed cavity (31), the hydraulic impact piston (17) accelerates downward to cause impact, and the cycle action is repeated to generate a vibration impact of a certain frequency.

2. The drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail assembly (25) comprises a tail steel cylinder (6) and a power head tail shaft (21); the power head tail shaft (21) is suspended on the tail steel cylinder (6) via a second tapered roller bearing (19).

3. The drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function according to claim 2, characterized in that: A copper sleeve (20) for the tail shaft is arranged outside the power head tail shaft (21); the lower end of the power head tail shaft (21) is a multi-step stepped shaft; The second tapered roller bearing (19) is supported and limited by a tail support and limit sleeve (18) and a tail bearing gland (10); A straight water joint (9) is installed on the water tail bearing gland (10); An oil cup (7) is installed on the tail steel cylinder (6).

4. The drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The power head fixing frame assembly (26) is composed of a hexagonal guide rail (27) and a power head supporting plate (28); The power head support plate (28) is welded on the hexagonal guide rail (27); The water tail assembly (25) is hinged to the power head support plate (28).

5. The drilling rig power head with hydraulic vibration impact function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulically controlled reversing valve (2) is mounted on the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve (1) by means of screws and is communicated with the oil circuit inside the hydraulic impact outer fixing sleeve (1).

Images