Rotary drill bits and rotary drill rigs for ultra-large sand and gravel formations

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rotary drilling drill bit and a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large-grained sand and gravel formations, which mainly include a drill body with an open bottom and an internal cavity for accommodating ultra-large-grained sand and gravel. The drill body is provided with a left hinge plate and a right hinge plate relative to each other; the top of the drill body is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate; when drilling downward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate to open to allow the ultra-large-grained sand and gravel to enter the cavity; when the drill is lifted upward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate to close in the cavity to seal the cavity containing the ultra-large-grained sand and gravel, thereby transporting the ultra-large-grained sand and gravel to the ground, completing the rotary drilling construction. By providing an opening and closing mechanism, the present application eliminates the bottom cover of an ordinary drill bit, allowing ultra-large-grained sand and gravel boulders to easily enter the drill body, and uses the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate to close in the drill body to seal the cavity during the drilling process, thereby completing the rotary drilling construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rotary drilling construction, in particular to a rotary drilling bit and a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure, modern urban transportation issues are becoming increasingly prominent. Building underground stations has become an effective way to address these challenges. Modern subway stations are no longer simply underground transportation structures; they are now large, multifunctional structures that integrate subway stations, underground shopping malls, pedestrian crossings, and municipal engineering. Subway stations are a crucial component of urban subways, and their construction technology is crucial.

[0003] Because different strata require different construction tools, existing rotary drilling bits are only suitable for rotary drilling in ordinary strata. However, in rotary drilling in ultra-large-grained sand and gravel strata, the larger diameter of the boulders in the strata results in low efficiency of pile formation using conventional sand buckets, two-piece drills, and barrel drills. These drills also cause severe wear and tear on the drill bit, requiring the drill bit to withstand significant impact loads, resulting in a high rate of drill tool damage. Therefore, a rotary drilling bit and rotary drilling rig suitable for ultra-large-grained sand and gravel strata are needed.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only used to deepen the understanding of the background technology of the present disclosure and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Through research, the inventor found that the existing drill bit is severely worn and has a high damage rate in the ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation, and is not suitable for this type of geological formation. In addition, since the existing drill bit is provided with a bottom cover, the ultra-large particle size sand and gravel cannot enter the drill body and be transported to the ground, resulting in the inability to complete the rotary drilling work. However, removing the bottom cover and adding an opening and closing mechanism can complete the rotary drilling construction in the ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation.

[0006] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a rotary drilling bit and a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations. By removing the bottom cover and adding left and right hinged plates and an opening and closing mechanism, the left and right hinged plates are opened during drilling to allow ultra-large particles to enter the drill body. During the drilling process, the opening and closing mechanism controls the left and right hinged plates to close so that the ultra-large particle size sand and gravel are enclosed in the drill body, thereby ensuring that the ultra-large particle size sand and gravel are transported to the ground and completing the rotary drilling construction.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a rotary drilling bit and a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large sand and gravel formations are provided, comprising a drill body with an open bottom and a cavity formed therein for accommodating ultra-large sand and gravel particles, wherein a left hinge plate and a right hinge plate are disposed opposite to each other on the drill body;

[0008] The top of the drill body is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate; when drilling downward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate to open to allow the super-large sand eggs to enter the cavity; when the drill is lifted upward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate to close in the cavity to seal the cavity containing the super-large sand eggs, thereby allowing the super-large sand eggs to be transported to the ground, completing the drilling construction.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the opening and closing mechanism includes a support plate disposed on the top of the drill body, the support plate being provided with a through hole, a mounting head for mounting the drill bit on a drilling rig being inserted into the through hole, and the mounting head being rotatably mounted on the support plate by rotating the opening and closing plate;

[0010] A left connecting rod and a right connecting rod are provided at the bottom of the mounting head, and the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are constrained to move up and down without being constrained to rotate. The bottom end of the left connecting rod is connected to the left hinge plate, and the bottom end of the right connecting rod is connected to the right hinge plate.

[0011] A protrusion is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating opening and closing plate, and a supporting member corresponding to the protrusion is provided on the support plate. When the protrusion rotates to the position of the supporting member, the mounting head is supported by the supporting member and cannot move up and down; when the protrusion rotates away from the position of the supporting member, the mounting head is free to move up and down, thereby driving the opening and closing of the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the part of the mounting head inserted into the through hole is a rotating shaft, a connecting bearing is installed on the rotating shaft, and the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are arranged on the connecting bearing, thereby ensuring that the mounting head exerts upward and downward movement constraints on the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod without rotation constraints.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are hinged on the connecting bearing;

[0014] The bottom end of the left connecting rod is hinged to the left hinge plate, and the bottom end of the right connecting rod is hinged to the right hinge plate.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a baffle is provided on one side of the support member to ensure that the protrusion of the rotating opening and closing plate is accurately rotated to the support member, so that the mounting head is supported by the support member and cannot move up and down. The protrusion can be rotated away from the support member by rotating the rotating opening and closing plate in the opposite direction.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mounting head is provided with reinforcing ribs for enhancing the stability of the drill bit, so as to prevent the mounting head from being separated from the drilling rig due to large impact loads during construction.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of pressure relief holes are provided on the side and top of the drill body to ensure smooth slag discharge.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a protective arc-shaped wear-resistant steel bar is provided on the upper middle portion of the outer wall of the drill body to increase the service life of the drill body; and a hole-expanding steel bar is provided on the lower portion of the outer wall of the drill body to ensure the diameter of the pile hole to be drilled.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a certain number of impact-resistant high-strength picks are evenly arranged on the bottom of the drill body, and the picks are staggered to avoid drill sticking when encountering larger diameter boulders.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations is provided, comprising the above-mentioned rotary drilling drill bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations.

[0021] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least any of the following technical effects or advantages:

[0022] 1. This application replaces the bottom cover at the bottom of the existing drill bit by setting an opening and closing mechanism, ensuring that super-large particle size sand, gravel and boulders enter the drill body and are transported to the ground, thereby ensuring the normal progress of rotary drilling construction.

[0023] 2. This application has impact-resistant high-strength picks staggered at the bottom of the drill body, and wear-resistant steel strips on the outer wall of the drill body to resist the wear of oversized sand pebbles on the drill body and increase the service life of the drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 3 This is the second structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling working status of an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drill lifting working state according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] In the above figures, 1 is the mounting head, 11 is the reinforcing rib, 12 is the rotating opening and closing plate, 121 is the protrusion, 13 is the support part, 131 is the support plate, 14 is the support plate, 2 is the drill body, 21 is the left hinged plate, 22 is the right hinged plate, 23 is the pressure relief hole, 24 is the wear-resistant steel bar, 25 is the reaming steel bar, 26 is the high-strength cutting tooth, 27 is the hinged shaft, 3 is the rotating shaft, 4 is the bearing, 5 is the extra-large particle size sand egg, 6 is the left connecting rod, and 7 is the right connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application. The terms "first", "second", etc. mentioned in this application are used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "connection" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (connections).

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the unit modules, components, structures, mechanisms and other devices involved in the following embodiments are conventional commercially available products.

[0033] The embodiments of the present application solve the problem that the rotary drilling bits in the prior art cannot be applied to ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations by providing a rotary drilling bit and a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations. Under ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations, the existing rotary drilling bits are prone to wear and have a short service life. Moreover, since the bottom cover of the existing drill bit is provided at the bottom, it can only allow soil to enter and cannot rotary drill ultra-large sand and gravel formations, resulting in the inability to perform rotary drilling work under ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations.

[0034] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the technical problem that the above-mentioned existing drill bits cannot be applied to ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations. The overall idea is as follows: by providing an opening and closing mechanism on the rotary drilling bit instead of the original bottom cover, it is ensured that ultra-large particle size sand and gravel boulders can easily enter the drill body. During the drilling process, the opening and closing mechanism lifts the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate to close them in the cavity of the drill body to support the ultra-large particle size sand and gravel boulders, ensure that the boulders are transported to the ground, and ensure the progress of rotary drilling construction.

[0035] When drilling downward, the opening and closing mechanism opens the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate to allow the super-large sand eggs to enter the cavity; when lifting the drill upward, the opening and closing mechanism closes the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate in the cavity to seal the cavity containing the super-large sand eggs, thereby transporting the super-large sand eggs to the ground and completing the drilling construction.

[0036] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This example discloses a rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations. Figures 1 to 3 The drill body 2 mainly includes a drill body 2 with an open bottom and a cavity inside to accommodate super-large sand eggs 5. Compared with the existing drill body 2, the bottom cover is omitted. It is precisely because the bottom of the existing drill body 2 is provided with a bottom cover, so only sand eggs with smaller volume can enter the drill body 2, and it is impossible to carry out rotary excavation work in the formation environment of super-large sand eggs 5. The drill body 2 is relatively provided with a left hinge plate 21 and a right hinge plate 22. The left hinge plate 21 and the right hinge plate 22 are hinged to the drill body 2 by a hinge shaft 27 and can rotate around the hinge shaft 27; the side and top of the drill body 2 are provided with multiple pressure relief holes 23 to ensure smooth slag discharge. When the super-large sand eggs 5 are transported to the ground, the super-large sand eggs 5 need to be discharged from the drill body 2 to carry out rotary excavation construction again. If the pressure relief hole 23 is not provided and the cavity becomes a tightly closed cavity, it is not conducive to slag discharge. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pressure relief hole 23 to ensure smooth slag discharge. A protective arc-shaped wear-resistant steel strip 24 is provided on the upper middle portion of the outer wall of the drill body 2 to increase the service life of the drill body 2; a hole-reaming steel strip 25 is provided on the lower portion of the outer wall of the drill body 2 to ensure the diameter of the pile hole to be drilled; a certain number of impact-resistant high-strength cutting teeth 26 are evenly arranged on the bottom of the drill body 2, and the cutting teeth are staggered to avoid the drill getting stuck when encountering larger diameter boulders.

[0039] The top of the drill body 2 is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the left hinged plate 21 and the right hinged plate 22; when drilling downward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinged plate 21 and the right hinged plate 22 to open so that the oversized sand eggs 5 can enter the cavity. At this time, the left hinged plate 21 and the right hinged plate 22 are tightly arranged on the drill body 2, and the shapes of the left hinged plate 21 and the right hinged plate 22 are consistent with the shape of the notch left on the drill body 2 after they are lifted; when lifting the drill upward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinged plate 21 and the right hinged plate 22 to close in the cavity to seal the cavity containing the oversized sand eggs 5, thereby allowing the oversized sand eggs 5 to be transported to the ground, completing the drilling construction.

[0040] The opening and closing mechanism includes a support plate 14 arranged on the top of the drill body 2, a through hole is opened on the support plate 14, a mounting head 1 for mounting the drill bit on the drilling rig is inserted in the through hole, the mounting head 1 is rotated on the support plate 14 by rotating the opening and closing plate 12, and a reinforcing rib 11 is provided on the mounting head 1 for enhancing the stability of the drill bit to prevent the mounting head 1 from being separated from the drilling rig due to a large impact load during construction; a left connecting rod 6 and a right connecting rod 7 are provided at the bottom of the mounting head 1, and the left connecting rod 6 and the right connecting rod 7 are constrained to move up and down without rotation constraint, and the mounting head 1 is inserted The part inside the through hole is the rotating shaft 3, and a connecting bearing 4 is installed on the rotating shaft 3. The left connecting rod 6 and the right connecting rod 7 are arranged on the connecting bearing 4, so as to ensure that the mounting head 1 produces up and down movement constraints on the left connecting rod 6 and the right connecting rod 7 without rotation constraints; the bottom end of the left connecting rod 6 is connected to the left hinge plate 21, and the bottom end of the right connecting rod 7 is connected to the right hinge plate 22; the left connecting rod 6 and the right connecting rod 7 are hinged on the connecting bearing 4; the bottom end of the left connecting rod 6 is hinged on the left hinge plate 21, and the bottom end of the right connecting rod 7 is hinged on the right hinge plate 22.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a baffle is provided on one side of the support member 13 to ensure that the protrusion 121 of the rotating opening and closing plate 12 is accurately rotated to the support member 13, so that the mounting head 1 is supported by the support member 13 and cannot move up and down. The protrusion 121 can be rotated away from the support member 13 by rotating the rotating opening and closing plate 12 in the reverse direction.

[0042] A protrusion 121 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating opening and closing plate 12, and a supporting member 13 corresponding to the protrusion 121 is provided on the support plate 14. When the protrusion 121 rotates to the position of the supporting member 13, the mounting head 1 is supported by the supporting member 13 and cannot move up and down; when the protrusion 121 rotates away from the position of the supporting member 13, the mounting head 1 is free to move up and down, thereby driving the opening and closing of the left hinge plate 21 and the right hinge plate 22.

[0043] The operation method of the rotary drilling bit for the super-large sand and gravel 5 formation is as follows:

[0044] When in use, the drill bit of the present application is mounted on the drilling rig through the mounting head 1 and rotary drilling can be carried out. Figure 5 As shown, when drilling, due to the downward drilling, the left hinge plate 21 and the right hinge are opened, so that the large-sized sand eggs 5 can enter the drill body 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, when the drill is lifted, the drill bit is rotated in the opposite direction, and the rotating opening and closing plate 12 causes the protrusion 121 to rotate away from the support member 13, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the left hinge plate 21 and the right hinge plate 22 are closed in the drill body 2 to block the oversized sand eggs 5 so that they can be transported to the ground.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This example discloses a rotary drilling rig for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations, including a rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations as described in Example 1.

[0047] Although some preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0048] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formations, characterized in that: The drill body comprises a drill body with an open bottom and a cavity formed inside to accommodate super-large sand eggs, and a left hinge plate and a right hinge plate are arranged on the drill body in a relative manner; The top of the drill body is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate; when drilling downward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate to open to allow the super-large sand eggs to enter the cavity; when the drill is lifted upward, the opening and closing mechanism causes the left hinged plate and the right hinged plate to close in the cavity to seal the cavity containing the super-large sand eggs, thereby allowing the super-large sand eggs to be transported to the ground, completing the rotary drilling construction; The opening and closing mechanism includes a support plate arranged on the top of the drill body, a through hole is formed on the support plate, a mounting head for mounting the drill bit on the drilling rig is inserted into the through hole, and the mounting head is rotatably mounted on the support plate by rotating the opening and closing plate; The outer periphery of the rotating opening and closing plate is provided with a protrusion, and the support plate is provided with a support piece corresponding to the protrusion. When the protrusion rotates to the position of the support piece, the mounting head is supported by the support piece and cannot move up and down; when the protrusion rotates away from the position of the support piece, the mounting head is free to move up and down, thereby driving the opening and closing of the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate; A support plate is provided on one side of the support member to ensure that the protrusion of the rotating opening and closing plate is accurately rotated to the support member, so that the installation head is supported by the support member and cannot move up and down. The protrusion can be rotated away from the support member by rotating the rotating opening and closing plate in the reverse direction.

2. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A left connecting rod and a right connecting rod are provided at the bottom of the mounting head, and the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are constrained in up and down movement without rotation constraint. The bottom end of the left connecting rod is connected to the left hinge plate, and the bottom end of the right connecting rod is connected to the right hinge plate.

3. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The part of the mounting head inserted into the through hole is a rotating shaft, a connecting bearing is installed on the rotating shaft, and the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are arranged on the connecting bearing, thereby ensuring that the mounting head exerts upward and downward movement constraints on the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod without rotation constraints.

4. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are hinged on the connecting bearing; The bottom end of the left connecting rod is hinged to the left hinge plate, and the bottom end of the right connecting rod is hinged to the right hinge plate.

5. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting head is provided with reinforcing ribs for enhancing the stability of the drill bit, so as to prevent the mounting head from being separated from the drilling rig due to a large impact load during the construction process.

6. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sides and top of the drill body are provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes to ensure smooth slag discharge.

7. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper middle portion of the outer wall of the drill body is provided with a protective arc-shaped wear-resistant steel bar to increase the service life of the drill body; the lower portion of the outer wall of the drill body is provided with a hole-expanding steel bar for ensuring the diameter of the pile hole to be drilled.

8. The rotary drilling bit for ultra-large particle size sand and gravel formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A certain number of impact-resistant high-strength cutting teeth are evenly arranged on the bottom of the drill body, and the cutting teeth are staggered to avoid the drill from getting stuck when encountering large-diameter boulders.

9. A rotary drilling rig for ultra-large sand and gravel formations, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotary drilling bit for ultra-large-grained sand and gravel formations as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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