A cutter head structure for preventing shield machine cutter head from forming mud cakes and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention provides a cutter disc structure for preventing a shield machine cutter disc from forming mud cakes and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of shield machines, comprising a cutter disc main body, a shield machine main body being arranged on one side of the cutter disc main body, a drive disc being rotatably arranged in the shield machine main body, a parallel plate being arranged on a side of the drive disc close to the cutter disc main body, a main shaft being fixedly connected on the other side of the drive disc, a cross plate and four fan-shaped shield discs being arranged on the cutter disc main body, a group of fixed blade assemblies and two groups of first movable blade assemblies being arranged on each fan-shaped shield disc, a plurality of groups of second movable blade assemblies and a plurality of groups of scraper blade assemblies being arranged on the cross plate; the second roller cutter can rotate when contacting with a soil structure, and the moving tracks of the plurality of second roller cutters form a plurality of circles of regular sizes, so that the broken soil structure is more uniform, the soil structure is prevented from being too large, and the possibility of mud cakes forming in the soil structure with too large a structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machines, and particularly relates to a cutter head structure for preventing the cutter head of a shield machine from forming mud cakes, and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The shield machine is a tunnel boring machine that uses the shield method. The shield construction method is that the tunnel boring machine is constructed while digging. It is different from the open construction method. The subway shield machine is used to dig underground. While preventing the soft foundation excavation surface from collapsing or maintaining the stability of the excavation surface, the tunnel excavation and lining operations are safely carried out inside the machine. Its construction process requires first digging a shaft or foundation pit at one end of a certain section of the tunnel, and the subway shield machine is hoisted in and installed. The subway shield machine starts digging from the wall opening of the shaft or foundation pit and advances along the designed tunnel line until it reaches the end of another shaft or tunnel in the tunnel line.

[0003] Due to soil or cutter disc structure problems, mud cakes are easily formed in the central knife area and spoke plates of the cutter disc. In the prior art, manual cleaning methods are dangerous and may cause casualties. Increasing the amount of foam injection will not only increase costs but also increase environmental pollution. Therefore, we propose a cutter disc structure for preventing mud cakes from forming on the cutter disc of a shield machine and a method for using the same. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutter disc structure for preventing the cutter disc of a shield machine from forming mud cakes and a method of using the same, aiming to solve the problem that the manual cleaning method in the prior art is dangerous and causes casualties. Increasing the amount of foam injection will not only increase costs but also increase environmental pollution.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A cutter disc structure for preventing a shield machine cutter disc from forming mud cakes, comprises a cutter disc main body, a shield machine main body is arranged on one side of the cutter disc main body, a drive disc is rotatably arranged in the shield machine main body, a parallel connection disc is arranged on the side of the drive disc close to the cutter disc main body, a main shaft is fixedly connected to the other side of the drive disc, a cross plate and four fan-shaped shield discs are arranged on the cutter disc main body, each of the fan-shaped shield discs is arranged with a group of fixed knife assemblies and two groups of first moving knife assemblies, a plurality of groups of second moving knife assemblies and a plurality of groups of scraper assemblies are arranged on the cross plate, a plug-in portion is arranged on the end of each fan-shaped shield disc close to the drive disc, a reinforcement disc is arranged between the drive disc and the parallel connection disc, and each of the plug-in portions is detachably connected to the reinforcement disc.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, each group of the fixed knife assembly includes a trapezoidal plate and a plurality of fixed cutting knives, a mounting groove is provided on a side of the fan-shaped shield disk close to the driving disk, the trapezoidal plate is fixedly connected to the mounting groove by bolts, the mounting groove is provided with a plurality of fixed knife grooves, the plurality of fixed cutting knives are fixedly connected to a side of the trapezoidal plate close to the fan-shaped shield disk, and each of the fixed cutting knives passes through one of the fixed knife grooves and extends outward.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, each group of the first movable knife assembly includes a first rolling cutter and a first fixed frame, a first rolling groove is provided on a side of the fan-shaped shield plate close to the driving plate, the first rolling cutter is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the first rolling groove, the first fixed frame is fixedly connected to a side of the fan-shaped shield plate close to the driving plate by bolts, the first fixed frame is located at the edge of the first rolling groove, and an inclined groove is provided at the edge of the fan-shaped shield plate.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, each group of the second movable knife assembly includes a second roller and a second fixed frame, a second rolling groove is opened on the side of the cross plate close to the driving disk, the second roller is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the second rolling groove, and the second fixed frame is fixedly connected to the side of the cross plate close to the driving disk by bolts.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, each group of the scraper assembly includes a U-shaped plate and two fixed scrapers, a side groove is opened on the side of the cross plate close to the driving disk, the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the side groove by bolts, and the fixed scrapers are fixedly connected to both ends of the U-shaped plate.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a plurality of positioning blocks are arranged on the side of the cutter head body away from the shield machine body, each end of the cross plate is fixedly connected between two positioning blocks, a first positioning hole is opened at the center of the cross plate, a conical cross cutter is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole by bolts, and the conical cross cutter passes through the cross slot and extends outward.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, four slots are provided on the side of the parallel plate close to the cross plate, each of the plug-in parts is inserted into one of the slots and contacts with the reinforcement plate, the reinforcement plate is fixedly connected to the four plug-in parts by bolts, and a plurality of second positioning piles are fixedly connected to the side of the cross plate close to the driving plate, and a plurality of second positioning holes are provided on the side of the reinforcement plate and the parallel plate close to the cross plate, each of the second positioning piles is inserted into one of the second positioning holes, and the reinforcement plate is fixedly connected to the second positioning piles by bolts.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, splines are provided on one side of the parallel plate and the reinforcement plate close to the driving plate, a flower-shaped groove is fixedly connected to one side of the driving plate close to the reinforcement plate, the flower-shaped groove is inserted into the spline and extends outward, a plurality of first positioning piles are fixedly connected to one side of the parallel plate close to the driving plate, a plurality of first positioning holes are provided on one side of the driving plate close to the reinforcement plate, each of the first positioning piles is inserted into one of the first positioning holes, and the driving plate is fixedly connected to the cutter disc body by bolts, and a side groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the cutter disc body.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a groove and a plurality of sprayers are provided on one side of the shield machine body close to the cutter disc body, a screw conveyor is installed in the groove, each of the sprayers has a different spray direction, and an annular plate is fixedly connected between the plurality of fan-shaped shield discs.

[0015] A method for using a cutter disc structure for preventing a shield machine cutter disc from forming mud cakes comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. After the main shaft is installed, the main shaft is driven by an external device to rotate, the main shaft drives the driving disc to rotate, the driving disc drives the flower-shaped groove to rotate, the flower-shaped groove drives the connecting disc and the reinforcement disc to rotate at the same time, and finally drives the cutter disc body, the fan-shaped shield disc, and the cross plate as a whole structure to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of crushing the soil structure;

[0017] S2. When the fan-shaped shield plate rotates, it drives multiple first rollers and fixed cutters to rotate simultaneously. The cutting directions of two adjacent first rollers are different. The first rollers can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The positions of the fixed cutters are neatly arranged. The two crushing methods are used in conjunction with each other to better crush the soil structure.

[0018] S3. When the cross plate rotates, it drives the conical cross knife to rotate. The conical cross knife is located at the center of the forward direction of the cutter disc body. When the conical cross knife rotates, a breakthrough point is formed, which can break the soil structure with a harder texture. At the same time, multiple second rollers can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The moving trajectories of the multiple second rollers form multiple circles of regular sizes, making the broken soil structure more uniform, avoiding the soil structure from being too large, and reducing the possibility of mud cakes formed by soil structures with too large structures.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In this scheme, there is a gap between the fan-shaped shield and the cross plate. The cutter head body, fan-shaped shield and cross plate are designed as a whole with a hollow design. The contact surface with the soil structure is small, and the area of ​​the soil structure on its surface is limited, thereby reducing the possibility of mud cake formation in the soil structure.

[0021] 2. In this solution, when the fan-shaped shield plate rotates, multiple first rollers and fixed cutters are driven to rotate simultaneously. The cutting directions of two adjacent first rollers are different. The first rollers can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The positions of the fixed cutters are neatly arranged. The two crushing methods are used in conjunction with each other to better crush the soil structure.

[0022] 3. In this solution, the conical cross cutter is located at the center of the forward direction of the cutter disc body. When the conical cross cutter rotates, a breakthrough point is formed, which can break the soil structure with a harder texture. At the same time, multiple second rollers can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The moving trajectories of the multiple second rollers form multiple circles of regular sizes, making the broken soil structure more uniform, avoiding the soil structure from being too large, and reducing the possibility of mud cakes formed by soil structures with too large structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] In the attached picture:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the shield machine of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A side view of the cutter head body of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the cutter head body connection of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the drive connection explosion structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive disk of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross plate explosion structure of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B.

[0035] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. Cutterhead body; 2. Shield machine body; 3. Driving disc; 4. Flower-shaped groove; 5. Main shaft; 6. Parallel disc; 7. Reinforcement disc; 8. Spline; 9. Slot; 11. First positioning pile; 12. Fan-shaped shield disc; 13. Annular plate; 14. Connecting part; 15. First rolling groove; 16. First rolling cutter; 17. First fixing frame; 18. Mounting groove; 19. Trapezoidal plate; 20. Fixed cutting knife; 21. Fixed knife groove; 22, first positioning hole; 23, second positioning hole; 24, cross plate; 25, positioning block; 26, second rolling groove; 27, second rolling knife; 28, second fixing frame; 29, side groove; 30, U-shaped plate; 31, fixed scraper; 32, cross groove; 33, conical cross knife; 34, side groove; 36, second positioning pile; 37, inclined groove; 38, groove; 39, screw conveyor; 40, sprayer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Example

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 , the technical solution provided by this embodiment is as follows:

[0041] A cutter disc structure for preventing a shield machine cutter disc from forming mud cakes, comprises a cutter disc main body 1, a shield machine main body 2 is arranged on one side of the cutter disc main body 1, a drive disc 3 is rotatably arranged in the shield machine main body 2, a parallel plate 6 is arranged on the side of the drive disc 3 close to the cutter disc main body 1, a main shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the other side of the drive disc 3, a cross plate 24 and four fan-shaped shield discs 12 are arranged on the cutter disc main body 1, each fan-shaped shield disc 12 is provided with a group of fixed knife assemblies and two groups of first moving knife assemblies, a plurality of groups of second moving knife assemblies and a plurality of scraper assemblies are arranged on the cross plate 24, a plug-in portion 14 is arranged on the end of each fan-shaped shield disc 12 close to the drive disc 3, a reinforcement disc 7 is arranged between the drive disc 3 and the parallel plate 6, and each plug-in portion 14 is detachably connected to the reinforcement disc 7.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the main shaft 5 is connected to a driving device in the shield machine body 2, and the main shaft 5 is driven by an external device to rotate. The main shaft 5 drives the driving disc 3 to rotate, and the driving disc 3 drives the flower-shaped groove 4 to rotate. The flower-shaped groove 4 drives the connecting disc 6 and the reinforcing disc 7 to rotate at the same time, and finally drives the cutter head body 1, the fan-shaped shield disc 12, and the cross plate 24 as a whole to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of crushing the soil structure. There is a gap between the fan-shaped shield disc 12 and the cross plate 24. The cutter head body 1, the fan-shaped shield disc 12, and the cross plate 24 are hollowed out as a whole, and the contact surface with the soil structure is small. The area of ​​the soil structure on its surface is limited, thereby reducing the possibility of the soil structure forming a mud cake. When the cutter head body 1 moves forward, the soil structure can pass through the gap faster and enter between the cutter head body 1 and the shield machine body 2, and finally be transported out through the screw conveyor 39. When the fan-shaped shield disc 12 rotates, it drives multiple The first roller cutter 16 and the fixed cutter 20 rotate at the same time. The cutting directions of the two adjacent first roller cutters 16 are different. The first roller cutter 16 can rotate when it contacts the soil structure. The positions of the fixed cutters 20 are neatly arranged. The two crushing methods are used in conjunction with each other to better crush the soil structure. When the cross plate 24 rotates, it drives the conical cross knife 33 to rotate. The conical cross knife 33 is located at the center of the forward direction of the cutter disc body 1. When the conical cross knife 33 rotates, a breakthrough point is formed, which can crush the soil structure with a harder texture. At the same time, multiple second roller cutters 27 can rotate when they contact the soil structure. The moving trajectories of the multiple second roller cutters 27 form multiple circles of regular sizes, so that the crushed soil structure is more uniform, avoiding the soil structure being too large, and reducing the possibility of mud cakes formed by soil structures with too large structures. It should be noted that the above are all existing technologies and will not be repeated in this scheme.

[0043] Specifically, each fixed knife assembly includes a trapezoidal plate 19 and a plurality of fixed cutting knives 20. A mounting groove 18 is provided on the side of the fan-shaped shield plate 12 close to the driving plate 3. The trapezoidal plate 19 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove 18 by bolts. The mounting groove 18 is provided with a plurality of fixed knife grooves 21. The plurality of fixed cutting knives 20 are all fixedly connected to the side of the trapezoidal plate 19 close to the fan-shaped shield plate 12. Each fixed cutting knife 20 passes through one of the fixed knife grooves 21 and extends outward.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, during installation, the trapezoidal plate 19 is first inserted into the installation groove 18, the corresponding fixed cutter 20 passes through the fixed cutter groove 21, and then the trapezoidal plate 19 is fixed by bolts. When the fan-shaped shield plate 12 rotates, the fixed cutter 20 and the first roller 16 have a raised structure that can crush the soil structure.

[0045] Specifically, each group of the first movable knife assembly includes a first roller cutter 16 and a first fixed frame 17. A first rolling groove 15 is provided on the side of the fan-shaped shield plate 12 close to the driving plate 3. The first roller cutter 16 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the first rolling groove 15. The first fixed frame 17 is fixedly connected to the side of the fan-shaped shield plate 12 close to the driving plate 3 by bolts. The first fixed frame 17 is located at the edge of the first rolling groove 15. The edges of the fan-shaped shield plate 12 are all provided with inclined grooves 37.

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first roller cutter 16 can be installed from the side of the fan-shaped shield plate 12 close to the driving plate 3, the first roller cutter 16 is inserted into the first rolling groove 15, and then the first fixing frame 17 is fixed. Under the restriction of the first fixing frame 17, the first roller cutter 16 can stably rotate in the first rolling groove 15, and the first roller cutter 16 can rotate when it contacts the soil structure, so as to better crush the soil structure.

[0047] Specifically, each group of second movable knife assemblies includes a second roller cutter 27 and a second fixed frame 28. A second rolling groove 26 is opened on the side of the cross plate 24 close to the driving disk 3. The second roller cutter 27 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the second rolling groove 26. The second fixed frame 28 is fixedly connected to the side of the cross plate 24 close to the driving disk 3 by bolts.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second roller cutter 27 has the same shape as the first roller cutter 16, the tool diameter of the first roller cutter 16 is larger than that of the second roller cutter 27, and the crushing range of structures with different diameters is wider. The multiple second roller cutters 27 can rotate when in contact with the soil structure, and the moving trajectories of the multiple second roller cutters 27 form a plurality of circles of regular sizes, so that the crushed soil structure is more uniform, avoiding the soil structure from being too large, and reducing the possibility of mud cakes forming due to the soil structure being too large.

[0049] Specifically, each scraper assembly includes a U-shaped plate 30 and two fixed scrapers 31. A side groove 29 is opened on the side of the cross plate 24 close to the drive disk 3. The U-shaped plate 30 is fixedly connected to the side groove 29 by bolts, and the fixed scrapers 31 are fixedly connected to both ends of the U-shaped plate 30.

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, two fixed cutter grooves 21 are located on both sides of the second roller cutter 27, but the diameters of the movement trajectories of the second roller cutter 27 and the fixed scraper 31 are different. The second roller cutter 27 and the fixed scraper 31 are designed to be spaced apart. When contacting the soil structure, they can have a larger crushing space and area, making the sudden structure of the crushing smaller, further reducing the possibility of mud cake forming in the soil structure.

[0051] Specifically, a plurality of positioning blocks 25 are provided on the side of the cutter head body 1 away from the shield machine body 2, each end of the cross plate 24 is fixedly connected between two positioning blocks 25, a first positioning hole 22 is opened at the center of the cross plate 24, a conical cross knife 33 is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole 22 by bolts, and the conical cross knife 33 passes through the cross slot 32 and extends outward.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the positioning block 25 is provided so that the cross plate 24 is more solid after being fixed, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the cutter disc body 1 and the cross plate 24. The conical cross knife 33 is located at the center of the cross plate 24. When the cutter disc body 1 moves forward, the conical cross knife 33 rotates to form a breakthrough point, so that the soil structure can spread from the center, and can break soil structures with a harder texture.

[0053] Specifically, four slots 9 are provided on the side of the parallel plate 6 close to the cross plate 24, each plug-in portion 14 is inserted into one of the slots 9 and contacts the reinforcement plate 7, the reinforcement plate 7 is fixedly connected to the four plug-in portions 14 by bolts, and a plurality of second positioning piles 36 are fixedly connected to the side of the cross plate 24 close to the driving plate 3, and a plurality of second positioning holes 23 are provided on the side of the reinforcement plate 7 and the parallel plate 6 close to the cross plate 24, each second positioning pile 36 is inserted into one of the second positioning holes 23, and the reinforcement plate 7 is fixedly connected to the second positioning piles 36 by bolts.

[0054] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after each plug-in portion 14 is inserted into the corresponding slot 9, the movement of the plurality of fan-shaped shield plates 12 is restricted under the connection with the parallel plate 6, and the structure is more stable. After the second positioning pile 36 is inserted into the second positioning hole 23, the reinforcing plate 7 and the second positioning hole 23 are fixed by bolts. The reinforcing plate 7, the parallel plate 6 and the second positioning hole 23 form a whole after being fixed, so that the parallel plate 6, the reinforcing plate 7, the fan-shaped shield plates 12 and the cross plate 24 are staggered and fixed to form a more stable whole, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength.

[0055] Specifically, a spline 8 is provided on one side of the parallel plate 6 and the reinforcement plate 7 close to the driving plate 3, a flower-shaped groove 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the driving plate 3 close to the reinforcement plate 7, the flower-shaped groove 4 is inserted into the spline 8 and extends outward, a plurality of first positioning piles 11 are fixedly connected to one side of the parallel plate 6 close to the driving plate 3, a plurality of first positioning holes 22 are provided on one side of the driving plate 3 close to the reinforcement plate 7, each first positioning pile 11 is inserted into one of the first positioning holes 22, and the driving plate 3 is fixedly connected to the cutter disc body 1 by bolts, and a side groove 34 is provided on the circumferential surface of the cutter disc body 1.

[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the spline 8 is provided for docking with the flower-shaped groove 4, and the reinforcing plate 7 and the parallel plate 6 are driven to rotate simultaneously under the drive of the flower-shaped groove 4. Part of the structure of the first positioning pile 11 is located in the first positioning hole 22. Bolts are installed from the side of the driving plate 3 away from the reinforcing plate 7, so that the first positioning pile 11 is fixed to the driving plate 3, so that the driving plate 3, the reinforcing plate 7 and the parallel plate 6 form a whole, which is more stable when rotating.

[0057] Specifically, a groove 38 and a plurality of sprayers 40 are provided on one side of the shield machine body 2 close to the cutter head body 1 , a screw conveyor 39 is installed in the groove 38 , each sprayer 40 has a different spraying direction, and an annular plate 13 is fixedly connected between the plurality of fan-shaped shield discs 12 .

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the cutter head body 1 moves forward, the soil structure can pass through the gap and enter between the cutter head body 1 and the shield machine body 2, and finally be transported out through the screw conveyor 39. Each sprinkler 40 is designed in a different direction and the water is sprayed in a different direction, which can clean the soil structure at different positions, automatically clean the soil structure on the overall structure of the cutter head body 1, and reduce the residual soil structure.

[0059] A method for using a cutter disc structure for preventing a shield machine cutter disc from forming mud cakes comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. After the main shaft 5 is installed, the main shaft 5 is driven by an external device to rotate, the main shaft 5 drives the driving disc 3 to rotate, the driving disc 3 drives the flower-shaped groove 4 to rotate, the flower-shaped groove 4 drives the connecting disc 6 and the reinforcing disc 7 to rotate at the same time, and finally drives the cutter head body 1, the fan-shaped shield disc 12, and the cross plate 24 to rotate as a whole, so as to achieve the purpose of crushing the soil structure;

[0061] S2. When the fan-shaped shield 12 rotates, it drives multiple first rollers 16 and fixed cutters 20 to rotate simultaneously. The cutting directions of two adjacent first rollers 16 are different. The first rollers 16 can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The positions of the fixed cutters 20 are neatly arranged. The two crushing methods are used in conjunction with each other to better crush the soil structure.

[0062] S3. When the cross plate 24 rotates, it drives the conical cross knife 33 to rotate. The conical cross knife 33 is located at the center of the forward direction of the cutter disc body 1. When the conical cross knife 33 rotates, a breakthrough point is formed, which can break the soil structure with a harder texture. At the same time, the multiple second rollers 27 can rotate when they come into contact with the soil structure. The moving trajectories of the multiple second rollers 27 form multiple circles of regular sizes, so that the broken soil structure is more uniform, avoiding the soil structure being too large, and reducing the possibility of mud cakes formed by the soil structure with too large a structure.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutterhead structure for preventing the cutterhead of a shield machine from forming mud cakes, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutter disc body (1), a shield machine body (2) is arranged on one side of the cutter disc body (1), a drive disc (3) is rotatably arranged in the shield machine body (2), a parallel connection disc (6) is arranged on the side of the drive disc (3) close to the cutter disc body (1), a main shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the other side of the drive disc (3), a cross plate (24) and four fan-shaped shield discs (12) are arranged on the cutter disc body (1), each fan-shaped shield disc (12) is provided with a group of fixed blade assemblies and two groups of first movable blade assemblies, a plurality of groups of second movable blade assemblies and a plurality of scraper assemblies are arranged on the cross plate (24), a plug-in portion (14) is arranged on one end of each fan-shaped shield disc (12) close to the drive disc (3), a reinforcement disc (7) is arranged between the drive disc (3) and the parallel connection disc (6), and each of the plug-in portions (14) is detachably connected to the reinforcement disc (7); Each group of the fixed knife assembly comprises a trapezoidal plate (19) and a plurality of fixed cutting knives (20); a mounting groove (18) is provided on a side of the sector-shaped shield plate (12) close to the driving plate (3); the trapezoidal plate (19) is fixedly connected to the mounting groove (18) by bolts; the mounting groove (18) is provided with a plurality of fixed knife grooves (21); the plurality of fixed cutting knives (20) are fixedly connected to a side of the trapezoidal plate (19) close to the sector-shaped shield plate (12); each of the fixed cutting knives (20) passes through one of the fixed knife grooves (21) and extends outwards; Each group of the first movable knife assembly comprises a first rolling cutter (16) and a first fixing frame (17); a first rolling groove (15) is provided on a side of the fan-shaped shield plate (12) close to the driving plate (3); the first rolling cutter (16) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the first rolling groove (15); the first fixing frame (17) is fixedly connected to a side of the fan-shaped shield plate (12) close to the driving plate (3) by bolts; the first fixing frame (17) is located at the edge of the first rolling groove (15); and an inclined groove (37) is provided at the edge of the fan-shaped shield plate (12); A plurality of positioning blocks (25) are arranged on a side of the cutter head body (1) away from the shield machine body (2); each end of the cross plate (24) is fixedly connected between two positioning blocks (25); a first positioning hole (22) is opened at the center of the cross plate (24); a conical cross knife (33) is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole (22) by bolts; the conical cross knife (33) passes through the cross slot (32) and extends outward; A groove (38) and a plurality of sprayers (40) are provided on one side of the shield machine body (2) close to the cutter head body (1); a screw conveyor (39) is installed in the groove (38); each of the sprayers (40) has a different spraying direction; and an annular plate (13) is fixedly connected between the plurality of sector-shaped shield discs (12); The cutting directions of two adjacent first roller cutters (16) are different; The second hob (27) has the same shape as the first hob (16), and the tool diameter of the first hob (16) is larger than that of the second hob (27); The conical cross blade (33) forms a breaking point when rotating, which can break the soil structure with harder texture; The diameters of the movement trajectories of the second roller (27) and the fixed scraper (31) are different, and the second roller (27) and the fixed scraper (31) are designed to be spaced apart.

2. A cutterhead structure for preventing mud cake from forming on the cutterhead of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of the second movable knife assembly comprises a second rolling cutter (27) and a second fixing frame (28); a second rolling groove (26) is provided on a side of the cross plate (24) close to the driving disk (3); the second rolling cutter (27) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the second rolling groove (26); and the second fixing frame (28) is fixedly connected to a side of the cross plate (24) close to the driving disk (3) by bolts.

3. A cutterhead structure for preventing mud cake from forming on the cutterhead of a shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of the scraper assemblies comprises a U-shaped plate (30) and two fixed scrapers (31); a side connection groove (29) is provided on a side of the cross plate (24) close to the driving disc (3); the U-shaped plate (30) is fixedly connected to the side connection groove (29) by bolts; and the fixed scrapers (31) are fixedly connected to both ends of the U-shaped plate (30).

4. A cutterhead structure for preventing mud cake from forming on the cutterhead of a shield machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Four slots (9) are provided on a side of the parallel plate (6) close to the cross plate (24), each of the plug-in parts (14) is inserted into one of the slots (9) and contacts the reinforcing plate (7), the reinforcing plate (7) is fixedly connected to the four plug-in parts (14) by bolts, a plurality of second positioning piles (36) are fixedly connected to a side of the cross plate (24) close to the driving plate (3), a plurality of second positioning holes (23) are provided on a side of the reinforcing plate (7) and the parallel plate (6) close to the cross plate (24), each of the second positioning piles (36) is inserted into one of the second positioning holes (23), and the reinforcing plate (7) is fixedly connected to the second positioning piles (36) by bolts.

5. A cutterhead structure for preventing mud cake from forming on the cutterhead of a shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The parallel plate (6) and the reinforcement plate (7) are both provided with splines (8) on one side close to the driving plate (3); the driving plate (3) is fixedly connected with a flower-shaped groove (4) on one side close to the reinforcement plate (7); the flower-shaped groove (4) is inserted into the spline (8) and extends outward; the parallel plate (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of first positioning piles (11) on one side close to the driving plate (3); the driving plate (3) is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes (22) on one side close to the reinforcement plate (7); each of the first positioning piles (11) is inserted into one of the first positioning holes (22); the driving plate (3) is fixedly connected to the cutter disc body (1) by bolts; and the circumferential surface of the cutter disc body (1) is provided with a side groove (34).

6. A method for using a cutter head structure for preventing mud cake from forming on the cutter head of a shield machine, characterized in that: The cutter head structure for preventing the cutter head of a shield machine from forming mud cakes as described in claim 5 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. After the main shaft (5) is installed, the main shaft (5) is driven by an external device to rotate, the main shaft (5) drives the driving disc (3) to rotate, the driving disc (3) drives the flower-shaped groove (4) to rotate, the flower-shaped groove (4) drives the connecting disc (6) and the reinforcing disc (7) to rotate at the same time, and finally drives the cutter disc body (1), the fan-shaped shield disc (12), and the cross plate (24) to rotate as a whole, so as to achieve the purpose of crushing the soil structure; S2. When the fan-shaped shield (12) rotates, it drives a plurality of first rollers (16) and fixed cutters (20) to rotate simultaneously. The cutting directions of two adjacent first rollers (16) are different. The first rollers (16) can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The positions of the fixed cutters (20) are neatly arranged. The two crushing methods are used in conjunction with each other to better crush the soil structure. S3. When the cross plate (24) rotates, the conical cross blade (33) is driven to rotate. The conical cross blade (33) is located at the center of the forward direction of the blade disc body (1). When the conical cross blade (33) rotates, a breakthrough point is formed, which can break the soil structure with a harder texture. At the same time, the plurality of second rollers (27) can rotate when in contact with the soil structure. The movement tracks of the plurality of second rollers (27) form a plurality of circles of regular sizes, so that the broken soil structure is more uniform, avoiding the soil structure being too large, and reducing the possibility of mud cakes being formed by the soil structure with too large a structure.

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