Intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system and a method for using the same, comprising an intelligent plunger for drainage and gas production and having energy conversion, a wellhead assembly located at a wellhead and used for capturing and supplying energy to the intelligent plunger, and a control mechanism for controlling the action state of the intelligent plunger; an energy conversion assembly for supplying energy to the intelligent plunger is arranged in the intelligent plunger, and the kinetic energy generated by the airflow in the well is converted into electrical energy through the energy conversion assembly, and the potential energy of the intelligent plunger when moving in the well is converted into electrical energy; the kinetic energy generated by the airflow and fluid in the well is converted into electrical energy through a generator set arranged in the intelligent plunger and in a blowout preventer box, and at the same time, the potential energy during the downward movement of the intelligent plunger is converted into electrical energy and stored in a battery compartment, thereby greatly improving energy utilization, greatly reducing dependence on external energy, and improving performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wellbore drainage and gas production, and in particular to an intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Liquid accumulation at the bottom of gas wells is a common problem in natural gas production, especially in the middle and late stages of gas well production. In the modern drainage gas production process, in order to better solve the water production stage of gas wells and save the energy required in the drainage gas production process, intelligent gas well control systems and intelligent smart plungers are used to reduce liquid accumulation at the bottom of the well, improve natural gas production efficiency, extend the production life of gas wells, and ensure stable production of drainage gas production.

[0003] However, the existing intelligent plunger system needs to completely rely on external energy supply to ensure the reliable operation of the intelligent plunger, which reduces the performance of the intelligent plunger. During use, the intelligent plunger needs to be regularly replenished with energy, which reduces work efficiency. At the same time, the energy generated during the movement of the intelligent plunger cannot be reliably utilized, greatly reducing the energy utilization rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system and a method for using the same.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: an intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system, comprising an intelligent plunger for drainage and gas production and having energy conversion, a wellhead assembly located at the wellhead and used to capture and supply energy to the intelligent plunger, and a control mechanism for controlling the action state of the intelligent plunger;

[0006] An energy conversion component is provided inside the smart plunger to provide energy supply to the smart plunger. The energy conversion component converts the kinetic energy generated by the airflow in the well into electrical energy and converts the potential energy of the smart plunger when it moves in the well into electrical energy.

[0007] Furthermore, the smart plunger includes a fishing head, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the well, a position sensor for detecting the position of the smart plunger, a sealing structure that fits with the casing wall after the diameter is reduced, an electric control system electrically connected to the energy conversion component, a valve for controlling the opening and closing of the wellbore water outlet, a transmission mechanism connected to the valve, and a drive motor for providing power to the transmission mechanism and electrically connected to the energy conversion component.

[0008] Furthermore, the energy conversion component includes a generator, a turbine arranged at the output end of the generator, and a battery compartment electrically connected to the generator, and the battery compartment supplies power to electrical components in the smart plunger.

[0009] Furthermore, the wellhead assembly includes a blowout preventer box, a locking structure located on the inner wall of the blowout preventer box and used to lock the smart plunger, and a generator set located inside the blowout preventer box and used to convert energy generated when the smart plunger moves upward. The generator set is electrically connected to a power storage compartment arranged in the blowout preventer box, and when the smart plunger reaches the wellhead position, the power storage compartment charges the battery compartment of the smart plunger.

[0010] Furthermore, the generator set includes a small generator and a power generation turbine arranged on the small generator. An upload port is arranged in the middle of the power generation turbine, and the upload port cooperates with an information transmission port arranged on the salvage head of the intelligent plunger.

[0011] Furthermore, the smart plunger also includes an inverter, which is electrically connected to the generator and battery compartment of the smart plunger respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure-conducting tube is provided on the exterior of the battery compartment.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the generator are both provided with output ends, and the two output ends are respectively provided with the turbines.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using the intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: The smart plunger falls, the valve opens, and water flows from the outlet to the upper part of the smart plunger. At the same time, the airflow and fluid in the well drive the blades of the turbine inside the smart plunger to rotate to generate electricity, and the electricity is stored in the battery compartment after the inverter acts on it;

[0016] S2: When the maximum liquid column that can withstand the pressure accumulates on the upper part of the smart plunger, the film valve is opened and the valve is closed. The sealing structure of the smart plunger expands and fits tightly against the casing wall, forming a closed space between the lower part of the smart plunger and the gas well, and then the smart plunger and the upper liquid column are pushed upward;

[0017] S3: When the smart plunger moves upward to the blowout preventer and the catcher, the information transmission port of the fishing head on the smart plunger is connected to the upload port on the power generation turbine of the blowout preventer to upload the bottom hole data. At the same time, the smart plunger is powered during the upload process.

[0018] S4: When the bottom hole data is uploaded, the membrane valve and the valve are closed, and the smart plunger moves downward. After the pressure sensor is affected by the pressure change when it contacts the liquid surface, the smart plunger automatically hovers in the casing, and steps S1 to S3 are repeated to complete the next drainage and gas production action.

[0019] Furthermore, when the smart plunger cannot move upward normally due to environmental factors, a discharge command is issued through the electronic control system, so that the battery compartment discharges at full power to drive the motor. At the same time, a command is issued through the electronic control system to reverse the generator in the smart plunger and use it as an electric motor, open the valve, and ensure that the expansion of the sealing structure is always close to the inner wall of the casing.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the intelligent plunger drainage gas production system and its use method provided by the present invention have reliable structure and good use performance. Through the specific structural setting of the intelligent plunger and the generator set respectively arranged inside the intelligent plunger and the blowout prevention box, the kinetic energy generated by the airflow and fluid in the well is converted into electrical energy. At the same time, the potential energy during the downward movement of the intelligent plunger is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery compartment, which greatly improves the energy conversion rate. When the intelligent plunger goes up to the blowout prevention box, after the information upload port is connected, the energy storage battery compartment inside the blowout prevention box can also charge the intelligent plunger, which greatly reduces the dependence on external energy. In addition, in the present application, the working state of the generator is controlled by the electronic control system, so that the generator inside the intelligent plunger can be reversed and used as a motor, so that during the rotation of the turbine blades, a vortex is generated, and the sand production of the gas well and other conditions that cause the intelligent plunger to get stuck are urgently handled, and the impurities such as gravel in the intelligent plunger are removed to the outside of the intelligent plunger to ensure the reliable upward movement of the intelligent plunger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent plunger in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blowout prevention box in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation turbine structure inside the blowout prevention box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the energy conversion component in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the energy conversion component in an emergency state in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the process of water drainage and gas production in a gas well in the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system includes an intelligent plunger 1 for drainage and gas production with energy conversion, a wellhead assembly 2 located at the wellhead and used to capture and supply energy to the intelligent plunger 1, and a control mechanism for controlling the action state of the intelligent plunger 1. The control mechanism can adopt control equipment such as a single-chip microcomputer, which can collect various data information in the well and the position information of the intelligent plunger in real time, complete the intelligent control of the intelligent plunger during the up and down process, monitor the discharge of accumulated liquid in the well, and collect various data downhole. In addition, the system also includes a diaphragm valve and a gas separator. The diaphragm valve is a switch for controlling the gas well, and can also control the up and down movements of the intelligent plunger at the same time. The gas separator provides the required pressure for the diaphragm valve.

[0030] The smart plunger 1 is provided with an energy conversion assembly 10 that provides energy supply for the smart plunger. The energy conversion assembly 10 converts the kinetic energy generated by the airflow in the well into electrical energy and converts the potential energy of the smart plunger when it moves in the well into electrical energy. The converted electrical energy is stored in the battery compartment 103. The battery compartment 103 is provided with a pressure pipe 104 on the outside, which is an insulating material and protects the battery compartment 103. The energy conversion assembly 10 includes a generator 101, a turbine 102 arranged at the output end of the generator 101, and a battery compartment 103 electrically connected to the generator 101. The battery compartment 103 supplies power to the electrical components in the smart plunger. The turbine 102 is provided with turbine blades. During operation, the airflow and fluid in the well are used to drive the turbine blades 102 to rotate and drive the rotor inside the generator 101 to rotate and cut the magnetic flux lines, thereby realizing the power generation process, and then the power generated in this process is stored in the battery compartment 103. In the energy conversion component 10, considering that the current size and direction are difficult to be consistent with the current generated by the generator 101, an inverter 19 is used to rectify the current and store it in the battery compartment 103. The inverter 19 is electrically connected to the generator 101 and the battery compartment 103 of the smart plunger 1 respectively.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the smart plunger 1 includes a fishing head 11, a pressure sensor 12 for detecting the pressure in the well, a position sensor 120 for detecting the position of the smart plunger, a sealing structure 13 that is in contact with the casing wall after the diameter is reduced, an electric control system 14 electrically connected to the energy conversion component 10, a valve 15 for controlling the opening and closing of the wellbore water outlet, a transmission mechanism 16 connected to the valve 15, and a drive motor 17 electrically connected to the energy conversion component 10 for providing power to the transmission mechanism 16. The fishing head 11 is provided with an information transmission port 18, which cooperates with the upload port 222 on the power generation turbine 221 of the blowout prevention box 20. When the smart plunger 1 goes up to the blowout prevention box 20, the information transmission port 18 on the fishing head 11 cooperates with the upload port 222, so that the smart plunger 1 is charged through the power storage tank 23 inside the blowout prevention box 20, thereby further saving external energy. The cooperation method used here is the USB serial bus standard. The pressure sensor 12 is used to sense the pressure in the well and upload it to the memory of the electronic control system 14. The opening and closing of the valve 15 controls the flow of the accumulated liquid in the well to the upper part of the smart plunger. When the upper part of the smart plunger accumulates the maximum amount of liquid that can withstand the pressure, the valve 15 is closed. During the self-operation of the smart plunger 1, the electronic control system 14 will automatically stay at the wellhead position in the well to be charged by the battery compartment 103 in the blowout prevention box 20 or go down to the predetermined position powered by gas and liquid energy after the charging is completed. The drainage and gas production process is carried out again after the charging is completed. The sealing structure 13 is an expansion variable diameter structure, which can achieve variable diameter during the working process, so as to be close to the casing wall, forming a closed space between the lower part of the smart plunger and the gas well. The gas at the lower part of the smart plunger gathers, and forms a pressure drop with the ground pressure to increase the drop, thereby pushing the smart plunger and the upper liquid to slowly move upward.

[0032] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the wellhead assembly 2 includes a blowout box 20, a locking structure 21 located on the inner wall of the blowout box 20 and used to lock the smart plunger, and a generator set 22 located inside the blowout box 20 and used to convert the energy generated when the smart plunger moves upward. The generator set 22 is electrically connected to the power storage bin 23 set in the blowout box 20, and when the smart plunger 1 reaches the wellhead position, the power storage bin 23 charges the battery bin 103 of the smart plunger 1. The locking structure 21 captures and positions the smart plunger that moves upward to the blowout box 20. A buffer spring is provided at the top of the blowout box 20 to buffer the smart plunger when it moves upward to the blowout box 20. The integrated information control terminal using a solar cell type connected to the backboard of the blowout box 20 makes it easy for construction personnel to understand the various data information in the gas well and the position information of the smart plunger, complete the intelligent control of the up and down process of the smart plunger, monitor the discharge of the accumulated liquid in the gas well, and collect various data downhole.

[0033] The generator set 22 includes a small generator 220 and a power generation turbine 221 disposed on the small generator 220. An upload port 222 is disposed in the middle of the power generation turbine 221, and the upload port 222 cooperates with the information transmission port 18 disposed on the fishing head 11 of the smart plunger 1. When the smart plunger moves upward to the blowout preventer box 20, the fluid accumulated on the upper part of the smart plunger drives the blades on the power generation turbine 221 to rotate, thereby driving the rotor in the small generator 220 to rotate and cut the magnetic flux lines, thereby realizing the power generation process and storing the generated electricity in the power storage bin 23. At the same time, when the smart plunger moves upward to the blowout preventer box 20, the information transmission port 18 on the smart plunger is connected to the upload port 222 of the blowout preventer box 20, so as to realize the uploading of the bottom hole data, and at the same time, the smart plunger is charged through the power storage bin 23 inside the blowout preventer box 20 during the information uploading process.

[0034] In order to improve the energy conversion effect, in the present invention, the upper and lower ends of the generator 101 are both provided with output ends, and the two output ends are respectively provided with turbines 102. Thus, energy conversion can be performed both in the upward and downward movement of the smart plunger, further improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, when the smart plunger 1 working at the bottom of the gas well may encounter sand production from the gas well and other situations that may cause the smart plunger to get stuck, making it impossible for the smart plunger to move upward normally, the electronic control system 14 issues a "discharge" command, and the battery fully discharges the drive motor 17 and the electronic control system 14 issues a command to reverse the generator 101 in the smart plunger to deal with the situation, so that the motor A in the smart plunger and the motor B converted by the generator 101 jointly remove impurities such as gravel inside and outside the smart plunger; and in this process, the valve 15 is opened, and the expandable and variable-diameter sealing structure 13 outside the pressure sensor 12 remains in an expanded state; this corresponds to the situation in the previous text that the battery maintains a minimum power of 20% to meet the full power discharge of the battery in an emergency. After the smart plunger is freed from the trap, the electric control system 14 issues a "recovery" command to restore the normal working state of the generator 101 generating electricity from the gas-liquid flow; and after the command is implemented, the pressure sensor 12 uploads the pressure and temperature changes of the smart plunger to the memory of the electric control system 14, and after the smart plunger is brought up to the wellhead, the trapped information and the current required for the trapped state are uploaded to the ground control center. The ground control center determines the damage of the motor and generator 101 in the smart plunger based on the current in the information, evaluates their service life, and performs reasonable maintenance.

[0036] Subsequently, after a period of drainage, the liquid situation in the gas well returns to normal, and gas well production returns to its initial state; the smart plunger is clamped by the locking structure 21 in the blowout preventer box 20, and when the liquid accumulation at the bottom of the gas well increases again, the ground control center issues a command to put the smart plunger into the well again to repeat the above process for drainage, thereby restoring the normal production process of natural gas.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for using the intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1: The smart plunger 1 falls, the valve 15 opens, and water flows from the water outlet to the upper part of the smart plunger 1. At the same time, the airflow and fluid in the well drive the blades of the turbine 102 inside the smart plunger 1 to rotate to generate electricity, and the electricity is stored in the battery compartment 103 after the inverter 19 acts on it;

[0039] S2: Figure 7 As shown in (a), when the maximum liquid column that can withstand the pressure accumulates on the upper part of the smart plunger 1, the film valve is opened, the valve 15 is closed, and the sealing structure 13 of the smart plunger 1 expands and sticks to the casing wall, forming a closed space between the lower part of the smart plunger 1 and the gas well. The gas at the lower part of the smart plunger gathers, forming a large pressure drop with the ground pressure, pushing the smart plunger and the upper liquid column to slowly move upward, and then pushing the smart plunger 1 and the upper liquid column upward. In this process, when the smart plunger 1 cannot move upward normally due to environmental factors, a discharge command is issued through the electronic control system 14, so that the battery compartment 103 is fully discharged to drive the motor 17. At the same time, a command is issued through the electronic control system 14 to reverse the generator 101 in the smart plunger 1 and use it as a motor, and the valve 15 is opened to ensure that the expansion of the sealing structure 13 is always close to the inner wall of the casing.

[0040] S3: Figure 7 As shown in (b), when the smart plunger 1 moves upward to the blowout preventer 20 and the catcher, the information transmission port 18 of the fishing head 11 on the smart plunger 1 is docked with the upload port 222 on the power generation turbine 221 of the blowout preventer 20 to upload the bottom hole data, and the smart plunger 1 is charged during the upload process;

[0041] S4: When the bottom hole data is uploaded, Figure 7 As shown in (c), the film valve and the valve 15 are closed, and the smart plunger 1 moves downward. After the pressure sensor 12 is subjected to the pressure change when in contact with the liquid surface, the smart plunger 1 automatically suspends in the casing, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 (d) Repeat steps S1 to S3 to complete the next water drainage and gas collection action.

[0042] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system, characterized in that: It comprises an intelligent plunger (1) for draining water and recovering gas and having energy conversion function, a wellhead component (2) located at a wellhead and used for capturing and supplying energy to the intelligent plunger (1), and a control mechanism for controlling the action state of the intelligent plunger (1); The smart plunger (1) is provided with an energy conversion component (10) for supplying energy to the smart plunger, and the energy conversion component (10) converts the kinetic energy generated by the airflow in the well into electrical energy and converts the potential energy of the smart plunger when it moves in the well into electrical energy; The smart plunger (1) comprises a fishing head (11), a pressure sensor (12) for detecting the pressure in the well, a position sensor (120) for detecting the position of the smart plunger, a sealing structure (13) that is adapted to fit the casing wall after the diameter is reduced, an electric control system (14) electrically connected to the energy conversion component (10), a valve (15) for controlling the opening and closing of the wellbore water outlet, a transmission mechanism (16) connected to the valve (15), and a drive motor (17) for providing power to the transmission mechanism (16) and electrically connected to the energy conversion component (10); The energy conversion assembly (10) comprises a generator (101), a turbine (102) arranged at the output end of the generator (101), and a battery compartment (103) electrically connected to the generator (101), wherein the battery compartment (103) supplies power to electrical components in the smart plunger; The wellhead assembly (2) comprises a blowout preventer box (20), a locking structure (21) located on the inner wall of the blowout preventer box (20) and used to lock the intelligent plunger, and a generator set (22) located inside the blowout preventer box (20) and used to convert energy generated when the intelligent plunger moves upward. The generator set (22) is electrically connected to a power storage bin (23) disposed in the blowout preventer box (20), and when the intelligent plunger (1) reaches the wellhead position, the power storage bin (23) charges the battery bin (103) of the intelligent plunger (1).

2. The intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The generator set (22) comprises a small generator (220) and a power generation turbine (221) arranged on the small generator (220); an upload port (222) is arranged in the middle of the power generation turbine (221); the upload port (222) cooperates with an information transmission port (18) arranged on a salvage head (11) of the smart plunger (1).

3. The intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The smart plunger (1) further comprises an inverter (19), wherein the inverter (19) is electrically connected to the generator (101) and the battery compartment (103) of the smart plunger (1), respectively.

4. The intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The battery compartment (103) is externally sleeved with a pressure-conducting tube (104).

5. The intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The generator (101) is provided with output ends at both the upper end and the lower end, and the turbines (102) are respectively provided at the two output ends.

6. The method for using the intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: the smart plunger (1) falls, the valve (15) opens, water flows from the water outlet to the upper part of the smart plunger (1), and at the same time, the airflow and fluid in the well drive the blades of the turbine (102) inside the smart plunger (1) to rotate to generate electricity, and the electricity is stored in the battery compartment (103) after being acted upon by the inverter (19); S2: When the maximum liquid column that can withstand the pressure accumulates on the upper part of the smart plunger (1), the membrane valve is opened, the valve (15) is closed, and the sealing structure (13) of the smart plunger (1) expands and fits tightly against the casing wall, forming a closed space between the lower part of the smart plunger (1) and the gas well, and then the smart plunger (1) and the upper liquid column are pushed upward; S3: When the smart plunger (1) moves upward to the blowout prevention box (20), the information transmission port (18) of the fishing head (11) on the upper part of the smart plunger (1) is connected to the upload port (222) on the power generation turbine (221) of the blowout prevention box (20), so as to upload the bottom hole data, and at the same time, the smart plunger (1) is powered during the uploading process; S4: When the bottom hole data is uploaded, the membrane valve and the valve (15) are closed, and the intelligent plunger (1) moves downward. After the pressure sensor (12) is affected by the pressure change when it contacts the liquid surface, the intelligent plunger (1) automatically hovers in the casing, and steps S1 to S3 are repeated to complete the next water drainage and gas production action.

7. The method for using the intelligent plunger drainage and gas collection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, when the intelligent plunger (1) cannot move upward normally due to environmental factors, a discharge command is issued through the electronic control system (14), so that the battery compartment (103) discharges at full power to drive the motor (17). At the same time, a command is issued through the electronic control system (14) to reverse the generator (101) in the intelligent plunger (1) to be used as a motor, open the valve (15) and ensure that the sealing structure (13) is expanded and always closely attached to the inner wall of the casing.

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