Intelligent laser engraving device and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent laser engraving device and a control method thereof. The laser engraving device comprises two groups of symmetrically arranged support blocks, two groups of first bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the tops of the two groups of support blocks, a first threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of the first bearing seats, a first driving motor is fixedly installed on the support block, an output end of the first driving motor is matched with the first threaded screw, a first sliding block is matched with the first threaded screw, a mounting block is arranged between the two groups of the first sliding blocks, two groups of second bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the mounting block, a second threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of the second bearing seats, a function of intelligently adjusting engraving parameters is realized, the phenomenon of over-engraving can be avoided, the unqualified rate of engraved products is reduced, and the economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser engraving, in particular to an intelligent laser engraving device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development and improvement of lasers, humans have a full understanding of the characteristics of lasers and have demonstrated the feasibility of laser processing materials, making the application of lasers more and more extensive. Lasers are now widely used in the processing of various materials. This is because the laser has a small heat-affected zone, good beam directionality, the beam spot can be focused to the wavelength level, and selective processing and precision and ultra-precision processing can be performed. Laser processing is to irradiate the laser beam onto the surface of the object to be processed to remove or melt the material and change the surface properties of the object, so as to achieve the purpose of processing. As a typical optical, mechanical and electrical integrated product, the laser engraving machine has the characteristics of high processing efficiency and good processing accuracy, and can realize cleaning, edge drawing, positioning, etc. Figure 3 A processing method. It can process non-metallic materials such as rubber plates, organic plates, plastic plates, acrylic plates, leather, fabrics, etc., and has been widely used in printing, model manufacturing, billboard production and other industries. However, when the existing laser engraving machine is engraving thin plates, due to the uneven distribution of thermal stress, the plates are prone to warping during the engraving process, which in turn has a great impact on the engraving accuracy; and there will be defects such as depressions or protrusions in the engraving area of ​​the plate. The existence of these defects will cause the engraving area to have different engraving depths, which will lead to a decrease in the engraving qualification rate. These defects are also very random, and there is currently a lack of countermeasures in this regard. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides an intelligent laser engraving device and a control method thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] The present invention discloses an intelligent laser engraving device, which comprises two groups of symmetrically arranged support blocks, two groups of first bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the tops of the two groups of support blocks, a first threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of first bearing seats, a first driving motor is fixedly installed on the support block, an output end of the first driving motor is matched and connected with the first threaded screw, and a first sliding block is matched and connected with the first threaded screw;

[0006] A mounting block is arranged between the two groups of the first sliding blocks, two groups of second bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the mounting block, a second threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of the second bearing seats, a second driving motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting block, an output end of the second driving motor is cooperatively connected with the second threaded screw, and a second sliding block is cooperatively connected with the second threaded screw;

[0007] The second sliding block is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, a sliding bar is slidably connected to the connecting plate, two groups of third bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the sliding bar, a third threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of the third bearing seats, a third driving motor is fixedly installed on the sliding bar, an output end of the third driving motor is cooperatively connected to the third threaded screw, a third sliding block is also arranged on the connecting plate, and the third sliding block is cooperatively connected to the third threaded screw;

[0008] A mounting frame is arranged on the slide bar, a laser engraving head is mounted on the mounting frame, and an industrial camera is also fixedly mounted on the slide bar.

[0009] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, guide blocks are provided on both sides of the connecting plate, and guide rails are provided on both sides of the slide bar, and the guide blocks can be embedded in the guide rails so that the slide bar can slide along the connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support plate is arranged between the two groups of support blocks, two groups of edge pressing mechanisms are arranged on the left and right sides of the support plate, the edge pressing mechanism includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, a guide column is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, a guide sleeve is slidably connected to the guide column, an adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve, and a movable pressure strip is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate.

[0011] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixed pressure strip is fixedly installed on the first mounting plate, and a telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the second mounting plate, the output end of the telescopic cylinder is cooperatively connected to one end of the telescopic rod, and the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the movable pressure strip.

[0012] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a thin film pressure sensor is provided on the movable pressure strip, and the thin film pressure sensor is communicatively connected with the telescopic cylinder.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a control method for an intelligent laser engraving device, which is applied to any one of the intelligent laser engraving devices described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0014] Obtaining engraving drawing information of a workpiece to be engraved, extracting processing element parameter values ​​from the engraving drawing information, and establishing a preset engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the processing element parameter values;

[0015] Divide the preset engraving three-dimensional model image into a plurality of sub-engraving areas, obtain a preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image of each sub-engraving area, and obtain a preset engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area;

[0016] Acquiring actual image information of the sub-engraving area, preprocessing the actual image information to obtain preprocessed image information, and obtaining an actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preprocessed image information;

[0017] Carve each sub-carving area based on the preset carving parameter value or the actual carving parameter value;

[0018] Acquire real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area, and establish a real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the real-time engraving image information;

[0019] Compare the real-time engraving three-dimensional model image with the preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image within a preset time to obtain a deviation rate, and determine whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate;

[0020] If it is greater than, control information is generated based on the real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram, and the control information is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0021] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the pre-processed image information specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] Acquire preset defect image information through a big data network, and establish a defect recognition database based on the preset defect image information;

[0023] Importing the preprocessed image information into the defect recognition database for recognition, and determining whether there is a preset defect in the preprocessed image information;

[0024] If it exists, then obtain the characteristic parameter value of the preset defect; wherein the characteristic parameter value includes the concave length, concave depth and concave width, or the convex length, convex height and convex width;

[0025] Determining whether the characteristic parameter value is greater than a preset characteristic parameter value;

[0026] If it is greater than, the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area is obtained based on the preset engraving parameter value and the characteristic parameter value of the sub-engraving area.

[0027] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if greater than, then obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preset engraving parameter value and the characteristic parameter value of the sub-engraving area specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] Establishing a simulated engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the preset engraving parameter values ​​and characteristic parameter values ​​of the sub-engraving area;

[0029] Comparing the preset sub-engraving area 3D model image with the simulated engraving 3D model image to obtain a volume difference between the two;

[0030] Obtaining a laser power correction value when engraving the sub-engraving area based on the volume difference;

[0031] The preset engraving parameter value is adjusted according to the laser power correction value to obtain the actual engraving parameter value, and the actual engraving parameter value is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0032] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if it is greater than, then control information is generated based on the real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram, specifically including the following steps:

[0033] Extracting a first contour feature in the three-dimensional model image of the preset sub-engraving area, and generating first coordinate values ​​of each feature point of the first contour feature;

[0034] Extracting a second contour feature in the real-time engraving three-dimensional model image, and generating a second coordinate value of the second contour feature;

[0035] Calculating the difference between the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value;

[0036] If the difference is a negative value, a stop engraving control message is generated and the stop engraving control message is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0037] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0038] If the difference is a positive value, the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates are obtained from the big data network, and a parameter database is established based on the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates;

[0039] Acquire real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area within a preset time to obtain an actual melting rate of the substrate;

[0040] Importing the actual melting rate of the substrate into the parameter database to obtain the preset limit engraving parameters;

[0041] The preset limit engraving parameter is used as a modified engraving parameter, and the modified engraving parameter is transmitted to a control terminal.

[0042] The present invention solves the technical defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects: the side of the workpiece to be engraved is pressed by the edge pressing mechanism, so as to avoid the edge warping of the workpiece during the engraving process and improve the engraving accuracy; the image detection of each sub-engraving area is performed by an industrial camera, so as to improve the engraving quality of each sub-engraving area, eliminate the influence of random defects of raw materials, thereby improving the qualified rate of engraved products and reducing economic losses; and realizes the function of intelligently adjusting engraving parameters, which can avoid the phenomenon of over-engraving, reduce the unqualified rate of engraved products, and help improve economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a laser engraving device;

[0045] Figure 2 is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the laser engraving device;

[0046] Figure 3 is a third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the laser engraving device;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the second sliding block;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the third sliding block;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the working state of the edge pressing mechanism;

[0050] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the edge holding mechanism;

[0051] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the edge holding mechanism;

[0052] The reference numerals are as follows: 101, support block; 102, first bearing seat; 103, first threaded screw; 104, first drive motor; 105, first sliding block; 106, mounting block; 107, second bearing seat; 108, second threaded screw; 109, second drive motor; 201, second sliding block; 202, connecting plate; 203, slide bar; 204, third bearing seat; 205, third threaded screw; 206, third drive motor ; 207, third sliding block; 208, mounting bracket; 209, laser engraving head; 301, industrial camera; 302, guide block; 303, guide rail; 304, support plate; 305, edge pressing mechanism; 306, first mounting plate; 307, second mounting plate; 308, guide column; 309, guide sleeve; 401, adjustment plate; 402, movable pressure strip; 403, fixed pressure strip; 404, telescopic cylinder; 405, telescopic rod; 406, engraving workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the structures related to the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0056] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thoroughly understood.

[0057] The present invention discloses an intelligent laser engraving device, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the laser engraving device includes two groups of symmetrically arranged support blocks 101, two groups of first bearing seats 102 are arranged at both ends of the top of the two groups of support blocks 101, a first threaded screw 103 is rotatably connected between the two groups of first bearing seats 102, a first driving motor 104 is fixedly installed on the support block 101, the output end of the first driving motor 104 is matched with the first threaded screw 103, and the first threaded screw is matched with a first sliding block 105.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, a mounting block 106 is provided between the two groups of the first sliding blocks 105, two groups of second bearing seats 107 are provided at both ends of the mounting block 106, a second threaded screw 108 is rotatably connected between the two groups of the second bearing seats 107, a second driving motor 109 is fixedly installed on the mounting block 106, an output end of the second driving motor 109 is cooperatively connected to the second threaded screw 108, and a second sliding block 201 is cooperatively connected to the second threaded screw 108.

[0059] It should be noted that, by controlling the first drive motor 104 to start, the first drive motor 104 drives the first threaded screw 103 to rotate, so that the first sliding block 105 can slide back and forth on the first threaded screw 103, and then the laser engraving head 209 can move along the length direction of the workpiece 406 to be engraved; similarly, by controlling the second drive motor 109 to start, the second drive motor 109 drives the second threaded screw 108 to rotate, so that the second sliding block 201 can slide back and forth on the second threaded screw 108, and then the laser engraving head 209 can move along the width direction of the workpiece 406 to be engraved; in this way, by controlling the first drive motor 104 and the second drive motor 109 to run according to the set program, the laser engraving head 209 can be controlled to move according to the set path, so as to complete the engraving of the workpiece, and the threaded screw transmission structure is used for transmission, the transmission efficiency is high, the movement process of the laser engraving head 209 is stable, the engraving accuracy is further improved, and the quality of the engraved product is guaranteed.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, a connecting plate 202 is fixedly connected to the second sliding block 201, a sliding bar 203 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 202, two groups of third bearing seats 204 are arranged at both ends of the sliding bar 203, a third threaded screw 205 is rotatably connected between the two groups of the third bearing seats 204, a third driving motor 206 is fixedly installed on the sliding bar 203, the output end of the third driving motor 206 is cooperatively connected to the third threaded screw 205, and a third sliding block 207 is also arranged on the connecting plate 202, and the third sliding block 207 is cooperatively connected to the third threaded screw 205.

[0061] It should be noted that, by controlling the third drive motor 206 to start, the third drive motor 206 drives the third threaded screw 205 to rotate, so that the third threaded screw can slide back and forth along the third sliding block 207, so that the slide bar 203 can slide up and down on the connecting plate 202, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the defocus amount of the laser engraving head 209 (that is, the distance between the laser engraving head 209 and the surface of the workpiece), thereby realizing the function of adjusting the spot diameter of the laser beam irradiated on the workpiece, and then realizing the function of adjusting the engraving area of ​​each sub-engraving area. For example, after the current sub-engraving area is engraved, the laser engraving head 209 will move to the next sub-engraving area. If the engraving area required for the next sub-engraving area needs to be increased, the control terminal will control the third drive motor 206 to start, so that the third drive motor 206 drives the third threaded screw 205 to rotate, so that the slide bar 203 moves up along the connecting plate 202, thereby increasing the defocus of the laser engraving head 209, and then increasing the diameter of the light spot acting on the workpiece surface, thereby realizing the function of increasing the engraving area; conversely, if the engraving area required for the next sub-engraving area needs to be reduced, the defocus of the laser engraving head 209 can be reduced by the third drive motor 206.

[0062] The slide bar 203 is provided with a mounting frame 208 , a laser engraving head 209 is mounted on the mounting frame 208 , and an industrial camera 301 is also fixedly mounted on the slide bar 203 .

[0063] It should be noted that the laser engraving head 209 is also connected to a laser controller, and the laser power of the laser beam can be controlled by the laser controller.

[0064] Guide blocks 302 are disposed on both sides of the connecting plate 202 , and guide rails 303 are disposed on both sides of the slide bar 203 . The guide blocks 302 can be embedded in the guide rails 303 , so that the slide bar 203 can slide along the connecting plate 202 .

[0065] It should be noted that, through the guide block 302 and the guide rail 303, on the one hand, the slide bar 203 can slide along the connecting plate 202 to realize the function of adjusting the defocus amount. On the other hand, the guide block 302 and the guide rail 303 play a guiding role, which can avoid the position displacement of the slide bar 203 during the movement, thereby improving the stability of the device.

[0066] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, a support plate 304 is arranged between the two groups of support blocks 101, and two groups of edge pressing mechanisms 305 are arranged on the left and right sides of the support plate 304. The edge pressing mechanism 305 includes a first mounting plate 306 and a second mounting plate 307. A guide column 308 is arranged between the first mounting plate 306 and the second mounting plate 307. A guide sleeve 309 is slidably connected to the guide column 308, and an adjustment plate 401 is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve 309, and a movable pressure strip 402 is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate 401.

[0067] A fixed pressure strip 403 is fixedly mounted on the first mounting plate 306 , and a telescopic cylinder 404 is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate 307 . The output end of the telescopic cylinder 404 is cooperatively connected to one end of a telescopic rod 405 , and the other end of the telescopic rod 405 is fixedly connected to the movable pressure strip 402 .

[0068] It should be noted that the workpiece to be engraved can be placed on the edge pressing mechanism 305 manually or by a loading robot, so that the side of the workpiece 406 to be engraved can be pressed by the edge pressing mechanism 305 to avoid the phenomenon of "warping" of the workpiece during the engraving process. Specifically, the two sides of the workpiece 406 to be engraved are placed on the fixed pressure strips 403 on both sides of the support plate 304, and then the telescopic cylinder 404 is controlled to start, so that the telescopic cylinder 404 pushes the telescopic rod 405 to extend, so that the adjustment plate 401 moves downward, thereby pushing the movable pressure strip 402 to move downward, and then the side of the workpiece is pressed by the movable pressure strip 402 and the fixed pressure strip 403 to avoid the phenomenon of "warping" of the workpiece during the engraving process, and in the process of the movable pressure strip 402 moving downward, the guide column 308 and the guide sleeve 309 are used to limit the movable pressure strip 402 to avoid the phenomenon of displacement during the downward movement.

[0069] The movable pressure strip 402 is provided with a film pressure sensor, and the film pressure sensor is communicatively connected with the telescopic cylinder 404 .

[0070] It should be noted that in the process of the movable pressure strip 402 moving down to press the workpiece, the pressing force information is detected and fed back through the film pressure sensor. When the pressing force reaches the preset threshold, the film pressure sensor pressure can feed back the information to the telescopic cylinder 404, causing the telescopic cylinder 404 to stop driving, thereby realizing the function of intelligent pressing.

[0071] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a control method for an intelligent laser engraving device, which is applied to any one of the intelligent laser engraving devices described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0072] Obtaining engraving drawing information of a workpiece to be engraved, extracting processing element parameter values ​​from the engraving drawing information, and establishing a preset engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the processing element parameter values;

[0073] Divide the preset engraving three-dimensional model image into a plurality of sub-engraving areas, obtain a preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image of each sub-engraving area, and obtain a preset engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area;

[0074] Acquiring actual image information of the sub-engraving area, preprocessing the actual image information to obtain preprocessed image information, and obtaining an actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preprocessed image information;

[0075] Carve each sub-carving area based on the preset carving parameter value or the actual carving parameter value;

[0076] Acquire real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area, and establish a real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the real-time engraving image information;

[0077] Compare the real-time engraving three-dimensional model image with the preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image within a preset time to obtain a deviation rate, and determine whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate;

[0078] If it is greater than, control information is generated based on the real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram, and the control information is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0079] It should be noted that the engraving drawing information includes but is not limited to the engraving depth parameter, engraving width parameter and contour parameter of the engraving area; the processing element parameter value includes the distance dimension value between each feature point and the benchmark in the engraving area; the engraving drawing information and the processing element parameter value are designed in advance by the designer on the processing engineering drawing. After obtaining the engraving drawing information and the processing element parameter value, a preset engraving three-dimensional model diagram can be established using a three-dimensional modeling software (such as SolidWorks software, UG software, RhinoRhinocero software, etc.); and since the engraving area of ​​the laser engraving head is limited per unit time, and there will be multiple areas with different engraving depths and engraving widths in the entire engraving area, the entire engraving area is divided into multiple sub-engraving areas according to the different engraving depths and engraving widths, and then the preset engraving parameter value is obtained according to the engraving depth and engraving width of each sub-engraving area, and the preset engraving parameter value includes a laser power value, a laser defocus amount, and a laser engraving time, etc., wherein the preset engraving parameter value is determined based on an ideal state (i.e., there are no defects such as depressions and protrusions in the sub-engraving area), and the parameter is calculated in advance by the designer and imported into the data storage device, and the control system can call the parameter at any time. However, in actual situations, due to the influence of the engraving plate processing technology and storage environment, there will be defects such as protrusions and depressions on the surface of the engraved workpiece. Due to the existence of these protrusions and depressions, the base material that needs to be melted in each sub-engraving area will become more or less during the engraving process. If we still use the preset engraving parameter values ​​to engrave the sub-engraving areas with protrusions and depressions, it will undoubtedly affect the quality of the engraved products, and even cause serious scrapping. Therefore, before engraving, the actual image information of each sub-engraving area is first captured by an industrial camera, and then the actual defects of each sub-engraving area are determined based on the actual image information, and it is determined whether the preset engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area needs to be corrected based on the defect situation. This method is conducive to improving the engraving quality of each sub-engraving area, eliminating the influence of random defects in raw materials, and thus improving the qualified rate of engraved products and reducing economic losses.

[0080] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the pre-processed image information specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] Acquire preset defect image information through a big data network, and establish a defect recognition database based on the preset defect image information;

[0082] Importing the preprocessed image information into the defect recognition database for recognition, and determining whether there is a preset defect in the preprocessed image information;

[0083] If it exists, then obtain the characteristic parameter value of the preset defect; wherein the characteristic parameter value includes the concave length, concave depth and concave width, or the convex length, convex height and convex width;

[0084] Determining whether the characteristic parameter value is greater than a preset characteristic parameter value;

[0085] If it is greater than, the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area is obtained based on the preset engraving parameter value and the characteristic parameter value of the sub-engraving area.

[0086] It should be noted that, due to the processing technology of the engraved plate and the storage environment, there will be defects such as protrusions and depressions on the surface of the engraved workpiece, and the existence of these defects is very random. Therefore, the preset defect image information can be obtained in advance through the big data network, and the preset defect image information includes various types of depression and protrusion image information, and then a defect recognition database is established, and then the actual image information of each sub-engraving area is imported into the defect recognition database for recognition, so as to determine whether there is a preset defect (i.e., a protrusion or depression defect) in the sub-engraving area. If so, the characteristic parameter value of the preset defect is obtained. When the characteristic parameter value is greater than the preset characteristic parameter value, it can be explained that due to the existence of these defects, the base material required to be melted in the sub-engraving area will become more or less relative to the ideal state (no defects). At this time, if the preset engraving parameter value is still used to process and engrave the sub-engraving area, it will lead to "over-engraving" or "under-engraving", resulting in the engraving product failing to pass the test, so it is necessary to correct the preset engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area. On the contrary, if the characteristic parameter value is not greater than the preset characteristic parameter value, it can be explained that although there are tiny concave and convex defects in the sub-engraving area, these defects are not sufficient to affect the engraving accuracy. At this time, the preset engraving parameter value can still be used to engrave the sub-engraving area.

[0087] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if greater than, then obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preset engraving parameter value and the characteristic parameter value of the sub-engraving area specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] Establishing a simulated engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the preset engraving parameter values ​​and characteristic parameter values ​​of the sub-engraving area;

[0089] Comparing the preset sub-engraving area 3D model image with the simulated engraving 3D model image to obtain a volume difference between the two;

[0090] Obtaining a laser power correction value when engraving the sub-engraving area based on the volume difference;

[0091] The preset engraving parameter value is adjusted according to the laser power correction value to obtain the actual engraving parameter value, and the actual engraving parameter value is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0092] It should be noted that when the characteristic parameter value is greater than the preset characteristic parameter value, the sub-carving area is processed and engraved based on the preset engraving parameter value through 3D simulation modeling software (such as SolidWorks software, Maya software, RhinoRhinocero software, etc.) to perform engraving simulation modeling, thereby obtaining a simulated engraving three-dimensional model diagram, and then the preset sub-carving area three-dimensional model diagram and the simulated engraving three-dimensional model diagram are compared and analyzed by the 3D simulation modeling software to obtain the volume difference between the two, and then the laser power correction value can be obtained through the obtained volume difference and the laser power correction calculation formula; then the laser power value in the preset engraving parameter value is adjusted according to the laser power correction value, and the actual engraving parameter value can be obtained. At this time, the sub-carving area can be engraved by the actual engraving parameter value. This method is conducive to improving the engraving quality of each sub-carving area, eliminating the influence of random defects in raw materials, thereby improving the qualified rate of engraved products and reducing economic losses. Among them, the laser power correction calculation formula is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, P ′ Indicates the laser power correction value; P1 indicates the laser power value in the preset engraving parameter value; γ indicates the laser pulse width; V f represents the volume difference between the preset sub-engraving area 3D model image and the simulated engraving 3D model image; h represents the defocus amount; R k Represents energy melting efficiency; R m Represents energy transfer efficiency; E p represents the energy of a single laser pulse; f represents the laser frequency.

[0095] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if it is greater than, then control information is generated based on the real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram, specifically including the following steps:

[0096] Extracting a first contour feature in the three-dimensional model image of the preset sub-engraving area, and generating first coordinate values ​​of each feature point of the first contour feature;

[0097] Extracting a second contour feature in the real-time engraving three-dimensional model image, and generating a second coordinate value of the second contour feature;

[0098] Calculating the difference between the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value;

[0099] If the difference is a negative value, a stop engraving control message is generated and the stop engraving control message is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0100] It should be noted that, after the engraving parameters of each sub-engraving area are determined, the laser engraving head is controlled to process and engrave each sub-engraving area according to the set path, and real-time engraving image information of each sub-engraving area is obtained during the engraving process, and then a real-time engraving 3D model diagram is established through 3D modeling software based on the real-time engraving image information, and the real-time engraving 3D model diagram is compared with the preset sub-engraving area 3D model diagram within a preset time to obtain a deviation rate. If the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate, it means that the substrate in the sub-engraving area has a melting rate that is too fast within the preset time, resulting in an excessively large deviation rate. The reason for this phenomenon is that There are defects such as cracks, fissures and gaps in the sub-carving area. These defects are caused by the formation of the plate and are also random. Since these defects do not exist on the surface of the sub-carving area, we cannot detect them in advance through industrial camera detection. Due to the existence of these cracks, fissures and gaps, the matrix material that needs to be melted in the sub-carving area will be less than that in the ideal state (no defects). Therefore, when the sub-carving area is engraved with the same laser power, the melting rate of the matrix in the sub-carving area will be faster than that in the ideal state. Therefore, it is possible that "over-carving" has occurred at this time, so the actual engraving situation needs to be further determined.

[0101] It should be noted that if the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate, it is necessary to determine whether the phenomenon of "over-engraving" has occurred so as to make corresponding control procedures for the subsequent processing process. Specifically, firstly, a first contour feature in the three-dimensional model diagram of the preset sub-carving area is extracted, the first contour feature is the outer contour feature of the preset sub-carving area, the first contour feature can be understood as a surface formed by connecting a plurality of lines, and a first coordinate value of each feature point of the first contour feature is generated; then, a second contour feature in the real-time carving three-dimensional model diagram is extracted, the second contour feature is the real-time outer contour feature when the sub-carving area is engraved, the second contour feature can also be understood as a surface formed by connecting a plurality of lines, and a second coordinate value of the second contour feature is generated; then, the coordinate difference between the points corresponding to the first contour feature and the second contour feature (i.e., the difference between the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value) is calculated. If the difference between the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value is a negative value, it means that the substrate of the non-carving area has been melted, which means that over-carving has occurred. Even if the workpiece is continued to be engraved, it is still a waste. At this time, the next sub-carving area is stopped from being further engraved, and the engraved workpiece is scrapped. By using this judgment method, it is possible to avoid the situation where the engraved workpiece that is already a waste is continued to be processed, and it is scrapped in time, which can reduce the processing cost. It should be noted that the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value are coordinate values ​​generated based on the same reference point, which is set in advance. The reference point is the intersection between the axis of the laser engraving head and the axis of the workpiece when engraving the sub-engraving area.

[0102] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0103] If the difference is a positive value, the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates are obtained from the big data network, and a parameter database is established based on the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates;

[0104] Acquire real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area within a preset time to obtain an actual melting rate of the substrate;

[0105] Importing the actual melting rate of the substrate into the parameter database to obtain the preset limit engraving parameters;

[0106] The preset limit engraving parameter is used as a modified engraving parameter, and the modified engraving parameter is transmitted to a control terminal.

[0107] It should be noted that if the difference between the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value is a positive value, it means that the substrate in the non-engraving area has not been melted. At this time, it means that there is no over-engraving phenomenon and the workpiece can continue to be engraved. However, since the substrate melting rate is too fast at this time, if the original engraving parameters are still used to engrave the sub-engraving area, over-engraving will inevitably occur. At this time, the original engraving parameter value (preset engraving parameter value or actual engraving parameter value) needs to be corrected again. Specifically, the limit engraving parameters corresponding to different substrate melting rates are obtained in the big data network, wherein the limit engraving parameters may be laser power values; and a parameter database is established based on the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates; then, real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area is obtained within a preset time to obtain the actual melting rate of the substrate, and then the actual melting rate of the substrate is imported into the parameter database to obtain a preset limit laser power value; then, the preset limit laser power value is used as a correction parameter, and the sub-engraving area is engraved based on the preset limit laser power value, thereby realizing the function of intelligently adjusting the engraving parameters, avoiding the phenomenon of over-engraving, reducing the unqualified rate of engraved products, and improving economic benefits.

[0108] In addition, the control method of the intelligent laser engraving device further includes the following steps:

[0109] Establishing a material recognition model based on a neural network, and importing pre-trained image information of various regions of the workpiece to be engraved into the material recognition model for training, thereby obtaining a trained material recognition model;

[0110] Acquire surface image information of the workpiece to be engraved, and import the surface image information into the trained material recognition model for recognition, so as to obtain material features corresponding to each area of ​​the workpiece to be engraved;

[0111] Determining whether the material feature is a preset material feature;

[0112] If so, the engraving region parameter information of the workpiece to be engraved is determined based on the material characteristics; wherein the region parameter information includes position coordinate information, area information and contour information of the engraving region.

[0113] It should be noted that the pre-trained image information of each area of ​​the workpiece to be engraved includes image information of the engraving area and the non-engraving area. Before laser engraving the engraved workpiece, in order to improve the bonding ability between the laser beam and the substrate, it is generally necessary to apply a laser cladding layer on the engraving area. Therefore, the position coordinate information, area information and contour information of the engraving area can be quickly and accurately identified based on the difference in texture characteristics, porosity and spectral reflectivity between the surface materials of the engraving area and the non-engraving area. Before engraving, the workpiece to be engraved can be further accurately positioned and identified, thereby eliminating the clamping error of the clamping mechanism, thereby greatly improving the engraving accuracy, reducing the engraving scrap rate, and making the device more reliable.

[0114] In addition, the control method of the intelligent laser engraving device further includes the following steps:

[0115] Obtaining the engraved image information of each sub-engraving area, obtaining sparse feature points through feature point matching, and obtaining the coordinate values ​​of the sparse feature points;

[0116] Generate sparse three-dimensional cloud data according to the coordinate values ​​of the sparse feature points, and perform dense extraction on the three-dimensional cloud data to obtain dense three-dimensional point cloud data information;

[0117] Establishing a sculptured surface according to the dense three-dimensional point cloud data information, and establishing a three-dimensional model image after sculpture based on the sculptured surface;

[0118] Comparing the engraved three-dimensional model image with the specimen three-dimensional model image to obtain a deviation rate;

[0119] Determining whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate threshold;

[0120] If it is greater, the engraved workpiece is marked as waste, and a stop engraving control information is generated and transmitted to the control terminal.

[0121] It should be noted that after carving each sub-carving area, the image information of the sub-carving area after carving is obtained, and a three-dimensional model diagram after carving is established based on the image information, and the three-dimensional model diagram after carving is compared with the three-dimensional model diagram of the specimen. The three-dimensional model diagram of the specimen is a qualified and compliant standard model, which is established in advance by the designer through 3D modeling software and imported into the data storage device. This method can be understood as comparing the surface flatness of each position of the sub-carving area after carving with the surface flatness of each position in the three-dimensional model diagram of the specimen. If the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate threshold, it means that the carving error of the sub-carving area after carving is too large, and even if the workpiece continues to be carved, it will be a waste. At this time, stop carving the next sub-carving area and scrap the carved workpiece. Using this judgment method, it is possible to avoid the situation of continuing to process the carved workpiece that is already a waste, and scrap it in time, which can reduce the processing cost and improve the processing efficiency.

[0122] In addition, the control method of the intelligent laser engraving device further includes the following steps:

[0123] Obtaining the maximum laser power value that the workpiece to be engraved can withstand at each temperature through a big data network, and establishing a characteristic database based on the maximum laser power value that the workpiece to be engraved can withstand at each temperature;

[0124] Acquire the temperature value of the current workpiece to be engraved, import the temperature value of the current workpiece to be engraved into the characteristic database, and obtain a preset limit laser power value;

[0125] Acquire a current engraving laser power value, and compare the current engraving laser power value with a preset limit laser power value;

[0126] Determine whether the current engraving laser power value is greater than a preset limit laser power value;

[0127] If it is greater, the preset limit laser power value is used as a modified engraving parameter, and the modified engraving parameter is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0128] It should be noted that during laser engraving, the laser power has a significant impact on the engraving temperature. Generally speaking, the greater the laser power, the greater the engraving temperature. The engraving temperature has a greater impact on the thermal stress inside the workpiece. When the thermal stress is too large, cracks will occur inside the workpiece, which will lead to the scrapping of the workpiece. Therefore, the limit laser power values ​​under different temperature fields are inconsistent. The limit laser power values ​​that the workpiece to be engraved can withstand at each temperature are obtained through the big data network, and a characteristic database is established based on the limit laser power values ​​that the workpiece to be engraved can withstand at each temperature. Then, the temperature value of the engraved workpiece during engraving is obtained using a temperature sensor, a thermistor, and an infrared thermometer, so as to determine the preset limit laser power value that the engraved workpiece can withstand at this temperature value. If the current engraving laser power value is greater than the preset limit laser power value, the current engraving laser power value needs to be lowered at this time, thereby avoiding the defects of cracks and cracks during the engraving process to ensure the engraving quality. It should be noted that after lowering the current engraving laser power value, it is necessary to increase the engraving time of the laser in the engraving area, thereby ensuring that the engraving area is completely melted.

[0129] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A control method for an intelligent laser engraving device, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtaining engraving drawing information of a workpiece to be engraved, extracting processing element parameter values ​​from the engraving drawing information, and establishing a preset engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the processing element parameter values; Divide the preset engraving three-dimensional model image into a plurality of sub-engraving areas, obtain a preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image of each sub-engraving area, and obtain a preset engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area; Acquiring actual image information of the sub-engraving area, preprocessing the actual image information to obtain preprocessed image information, and obtaining an actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preprocessed image information; Carve each sub-carving area based on the preset carving parameter value or the actual carving parameter value; Acquire real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area, and establish a real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the real-time engraving image information; Compare the real-time engraving three-dimensional model image with the preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image within a preset time to obtain a deviation rate, and determine whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate; If it is greater than, generating control information based on the real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram, and transmitting the control information to the control terminal; Wherein, obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the pre-processed image information specifically includes the following steps: Acquire preset defect image information through a big data network, and establish a defect recognition database based on the preset defect image information; Importing the preprocessed image information into the defect recognition database for recognition, and determining whether there is a preset defect in the preprocessed image information; If it exists, then obtain the characteristic parameter value of the preset defect; wherein the characteristic parameter value includes the concave length, concave depth and concave width, or the convex length, convex height and convex width; Determining whether the characteristic parameter value is greater than a preset characteristic parameter value; If it is greater than, obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preset engraving parameter value and the characteristic parameter value of the sub-engraving area; If it is greater than, then obtaining the actual engraving parameter value of the sub-engraving area based on the preset engraving parameter value and the characteristic parameter value of the sub-engraving area specifically includes the following steps: Establishing a simulated engraving three-dimensional model diagram based on the preset engraving parameter values ​​and characteristic parameter values ​​of the sub-engraving area; Comparing the preset sub-engraving area three-dimensional model image with the simulated engraving three-dimensional model image to obtain a volume difference between the two; Obtaining a laser power correction value when engraving the sub-engraving area based on the volume difference; Adjusting the preset engraving parameter value according to the laser power correction value to obtain an actual engraving parameter value, and transmitting the actual engraving parameter value to the control terminal; If it is greater than, then control information is generated based on the real-time engraving three-dimensional model diagram, specifically including the following steps: Extracting a first contour feature in the three-dimensional model image of the preset sub-engraving area, and generating first coordinate values ​​of each feature point of the first contour feature; Extracting a second contour feature in the real-time engraving three-dimensional model image, and generating a second coordinate value of the second contour feature; Calculating the difference between the first coordinate value and the second coordinate value; If the difference is a negative value, then generating a stop engraving control message, and transmitting the stop engraving control message to the control terminal; The following steps are also included: If the difference is a positive value, the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates are obtained from the big data network, and a parameter database is established based on the limit engraving parameters corresponding to the different substrate melting rates; Acquire real-time engraving image information of the sub-engraving area within a preset time to obtain an actual melting rate of the substrate; Importing the actual melting rate of the substrate into the parameter database to obtain the preset limit engraving parameters; The preset limit engraving parameter is used as a modified engraving parameter, and the modified engraving parameter is transmitted to a control terminal.

2. The control method of the intelligent laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser engraving device comprises two groups of symmetrically arranged support blocks, two groups of first bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the top of the two groups of support blocks, a first threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of first bearing seats, a first driving motor is fixedly installed on the support block, an output end of the first driving motor is matched and connected with the first threaded screw, and a first sliding block is matched and connected with the first threaded screw; A mounting block is arranged between the two groups of the first sliding blocks, two groups of second bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the mounting block, a second threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of the second bearing seats, a second driving motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting block, an output end of the second driving motor is cooperatively connected with the second threaded screw, and a second sliding block is cooperatively connected with the second threaded screw; The second sliding block is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, a sliding bar is slidably connected to the connecting plate, two groups of third bearing seats are arranged at both ends of the sliding bar, a third threaded screw is rotatably connected between the two groups of the third bearing seats, a third driving motor is fixedly installed on the sliding bar, an output end of the third driving motor is cooperatively connected to the third threaded screw, a third sliding block is also arranged on the connecting plate, and the third sliding block is cooperatively connected to the third threaded screw; A mounting frame is arranged on the slide bar, a laser engraving head is mounted on the mounting frame, and an industrial camera is also fixedly mounted on the slide bar.

3. The control method of the intelligent laser engraving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Guide blocks are arranged on both sides of the connecting plate, and guide rails are arranged on both sides of the slide bar. The guide blocks can be embedded in the guide rails so that the slide bar can slide along the connecting plate.

4. The control method of the intelligent laser engraving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support plate is arranged between the two groups of support blocks, and two groups of edge pressing mechanisms are arranged on the left and right sides of the support plate. The edge pressing mechanism includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate. A guide column is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. A guide sleeve is slidably connected to the guide column, an adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve, and a movable pressure strip is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate.

5. The control method of the intelligent laser engraving device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed pressure strip is fixedly mounted on the first mounting plate, a telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate, an output end of the telescopic cylinder is cooperatively connected with one end of a telescopic rod, and the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the movable pressure strip.

6. The control method of the intelligent laser engraving device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A film pressure sensor is arranged on the movable pressure strip, and the film pressure sensor is communicatively connected with the telescopic cylinder.

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