A refrigeration system and power device

Abstract

A refrigeration system includes a condensing heat exchanger, a switching valve, an evaporating heat exchanger, an adsorption bed, and a compressor. The condensing heat exchanger, switching valve, and evaporating heat exchanger are connected sequentially via piping. The adsorption bed and compressor are both connected between the condensing heat exchanger and the evaporating heat exchanger. In the circulation loop of the adsorption bed, condensing heat exchanger, switching valve, and evaporating heat exchanger, the compressor can operate when the adsorption bed cannot produce gaseous working fluid. The refrigeration system can achieve working fluid circulation through the circulation loop of the compressor, condensing heat exchanger, switching valve, and evaporating heat exchanger, allowing the evaporating heat exchanger to continuously reduce the temperature of the heat-generating components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and more particularly to a refrigeration system and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Existing power equipment such as automobiles, outdoor base stations, and data centers typically contain heat-generating components, including engines, motors, battery modules, and integrated circuit boards. Over prolonged operation, these internal components generate significant amounts of heat. If this heat is not dissipated promptly, it can impair the normal operation of these components and even pose safety hazards. Therefore, reducing the temperature of these internal heat-generating components is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a refrigeration system and electrical equipment. An adsorption bed, a condensing heat exchanger, a switching valve, and an evaporating heat exchanger are sequentially connected via pipelines to form a closed loop. Similarly, a compressor, condensing heat exchanger, switching valve, and evaporating heat exchanger are sequentially connected via pipelines to form a closed loop. When the temperature of the working fluid input from the heat source to the adsorption bed is higher than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed, the evaporating heat exchanger of the refrigeration system cools the heating components through a loop of "adsorption bed → condensing heat exchanger → switching valve → evaporating heat exchanger". When the temperature of the working fluid input from the heat source to the adsorption bed is not higher than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed, the evaporating heat exchanger of the refrigeration system cools the heating components through a loop of "compressor → condensing heat exchanger → switching valve → evaporating heat exchanger", thus enabling the refrigeration system to continuously cool the heating components.

[0004] Therefore, the following technical solutions are adopted in the embodiments of this application:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a refrigeration system, comprising: a condensing heat exchanger, a switching valve, an evaporating heat exchanger, an adsorption bed, and a compressor. The condensing heat exchanger, the switching valve, and the evaporating heat exchanger are sequentially connected by pipelines. The condensing heat exchanger is connected by pipelines to the output end of the adsorption bed and the output end of the compressor, respectively, for condensing the gaseous working fluid output by the adsorption bed and / or the compressor into a liquid working fluid. The evaporating heat exchanger is connected by pipelines to the input end of the adsorption bed and the input end of the compressor, respectively, for evaporating the liquid working fluid into a gaseous working fluid, inputting it into the adsorption bed and / or the compressor, and reducing the temperature of the heat-generating components.

[0006] In this embodiment, the condenser heat exchanger, the on / off valve, and the evaporator heat exchanger are connected sequentially via piping. The adsorption bed and the compressor are both connected between the condenser and the evaporator heat exchanger. In the circulation loop of the adsorption bed, condenser heat exchanger, on / off valve, and evaporator heat exchanger, when the adsorption bed cannot produce gaseous working fluid, the compressor can operate. The refrigeration system can achieve working fluid circulation through the circulation loop of the compressor, condenser heat exchanger, on / off valve, and evaporator heat exchanger, allowing the evaporator heat exchanger to continuously reduce the temperature of the heat-generating components.

[0007] In one embodiment, the refrigeration system further includes a heat source and a cold source, and the adsorption bed is connected to the heat source and the cold source respectively through pipelines, for outputting gaseous working fluid to the condenser heat exchanger after the high-temperature working fluid flows into the heat source; or for drawing in liquid working fluid or two-phase working fluid to the evaporator heat exchanger after the low-temperature working fluid flows into the cold source.

[0008] In this embodiment, a heat source and a cold source are connected to the adsorption bed. When the high-temperature working fluid from the heat source flows into the adsorption bed, the adsorbent inside the bed absorbs heat and generates a gaseous working fluid, which is then fed into the condenser heat exchanger, thus realizing the working fluid circulation in the refrigeration system's loop. When the low-temperature working fluid from the cold source flows into the adsorption bed, the adsorbent inside the bed cools down and absorbs the gaseous working fluid, reducing the pressure inside the adsorption bed. This allows the gaseous working fluid from the evaporator converter to enter the adsorption bed, thus realizing the working fluid circulation in the refrigeration system's loop.

[0009] In one embodiment, the temperature of the working fluid input by the heat source is greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed, wherein the desorption temperature is the temperature at which the adsorbent releases the gaseous working fluid.

[0010] In this embodiment, a heat source inputs a high-temperature working fluid into the adsorption bed, which heats the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed. When the temperature of the high-temperature working fluid from the heat source is greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed, the adsorbent reaches the desorption temperature and can release the gaseous working fluid, thus enabling the adsorption bed to generate gaseous working fluid and allowing the working fluid in the circulation loop of the refrigeration system to circulate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the condensing heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube. One end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the switching valve via a pipeline, and the other end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the output end of the adsorption bed and the output end of the compressor via a pipeline. Both ends of the second heat exchange tube are connected to a cold source via pipelines.

[0012] In one embodiment, the evaporative heat exchanger includes a third heat exchange tube and a fourth heat exchange tube. One end of the third heat exchange tube is connected to the switching valve via a pipeline, and the other end of the third heat exchange tube is connected to the input end of the adsorption bed and the input end of the compressor via a pipeline. Both ends of the second heat exchange tube are connected to the heating element via pipelines.

[0013] In one embodiment, the refrigeration system further includes an exhaust valve disposed on the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the compressor, for discharging gaseous working fluid when the pressure in the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the compressor exceeds a set threshold.

[0014] In this embodiment, an exhaust valve is installed on the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the compressor output end. When the compressor outputs a large amount of gaseous working fluid, the exhaust valve can discharge some of the gaseous working fluid, preventing excessive pressure in the refrigeration system's circulation loop and thus avoiding damage to the circulation loop.

[0015] In one embodiment, the refrigeration system further includes a shut-off valve disposed on a pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the adsorption bed, for controlling the flow of gaseous working fluid from the adsorption bed to the condenser heat exchanger.

[0016] In this embodiment, a shut-off valve is installed on the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the adsorption bed. When the adsorbent in the adsorption bed is adsorbing, the internal pressure of the adsorption bed decreases, which allows the shut-off valve to be closed, preventing the adsorption bed from drawing back the gaseous working fluid from the condenser heat exchanger and thus preventing the refrigeration system's circulation loop from being interrupted.

[0017] In one embodiment, the working fluid of the refrigeration system is water.

[0018] In this embodiment, water is used as the working fluid in each circulation loop of the refrigeration system, which can reduce the cost of the refrigeration system and improve its competitive advantage.

[0019] In one embodiment, the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed is zeolite or silica gel.

[0020] In this embodiment, water and zeolite, and water and silica gel are good adsorbent pairs, and zeolite and silica gel can better heat or cool water.

[0021] In one embodiment, the compressor is a negative pressure compressor.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device, including: at least one heat-generating component, and at least one refrigeration system as described in the first aspect, wherein the evaporative heat exchanger of the at least one refrigeration system is connected to the at least one heat-generating component via pipes. The electrical device can be an electric vehicle, a base station, an outdoor cabinet, or similar equipment. The heat-generating component can be a motor, a battery module, a PCB, an integrated circuit board, or similar components. The electrical device can be used in data centers, offices, workshops, or similar settings. The heat-generating component can be a confined space. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a refrigeration system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adsorption bed;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working fluid circulation path of the refrigeration system when the heat source provided in the embodiment of this application supplies a high-temperature working fluid to the adsorption bed;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the working fluid circulation path of the refrigeration system when the cold source provided in the embodiments of this application provides a low-temperature working fluid to the adsorption bed;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system operating when the compressor is working, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the description of this application, the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "joining" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, mating connections or integral connections; those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The symbol " / " in this document indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship; for example, A / B means A or B.

[0033] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first response message" and "second response message," etc., are used to distinguish different response messages, not to describe a specific order of response messages.

[0034] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "in one embodiment" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "in one embodiment" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "in one embodiment" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0035] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a refrigeration system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1As shown, the refrigeration system 100 includes a condensing heat exchanger 110, a switching valve 120, an evaporating heat exchanger 130, an adsorption bed 140, a compressor 150, a heat source 160, and a cold source 170. The condensing heat exchanger 110, the switching valve 120, and the evaporating heat exchanger 130 are connected sequentially via pipelines. The adsorption bed 140 is connected between the condensing heat exchanger 110 and the evaporating heat exchanger 130 via pipelines, forming a loop of "adsorption bed 140 → condensing heat exchanger 110 → switching valve 120 → evaporating heat exchanger 130". The compressor 150 is connected between the condensing heat exchanger 110 and the evaporating heat exchanger 130 via pipelines, forming a loop of "compressor 150 → condensing heat exchanger 110 → switching valve 120 → evaporating heat exchanger 130". The working fluid can flow in both loops, achieving heat transfer between the components. The pipelines can be divided into gaseous pipelines and liquid pipelines. Gaseous pipelines are pipelines that allow gaseous working fluids to flow through them. Liquid pipelines are pipelines that allow liquid working fluids to flow through them.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the working fluid inside the circulation loop of the refrigeration system 100 is water. In other embodiments, the working fluid may be other liquids, such as ammonia (NH3 / H2O), methyl ethyl ether (CH3-O-CH3), tetrafluoroethane (CH2FCF3), tetrafluoropropylene (C3H2F4), etc., or it may be a liquid composed of a mixture of multiple different components. This application does not limit the specific components used.

[0038] A condenser heat exchanger 110 is a device that condenses a gaseous working fluid into a liquid working fluid and transfers heat. In this embodiment, the condenser heat exchanger 110 has two heat exchange tubes. One end of one heat exchange tube (hereinafter referred to as the "first heat exchange tube") is connected to the on / off valve 120 via a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the output end of the adsorption bed 140 and the output end of the compressor 150 via a pipeline. The other heat exchange tube (hereinafter referred to as the "second heat exchange tube") of the condenser heat exchanger 110 is connected to a cold source 170 via pipelines at both ends. In the circulation loop formed by the cold source 170 and the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the cold source 170 can allow a low-temperature working fluid to flow into the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, so that the temperature of the working fluid in the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 is lower than the temperature of the working fluid in the first heat exchange tube.

[0039] In one embodiment, a gaseous working fluid enters the first heat exchange tube of the condensing heat exchanger 110. The working fluid in the first heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the working fluid in the second heat exchange tube, transferring heat from the gaseous working fluid in the first heat exchange tube to the working fluid in the second heat exchange tube. After releasing heat, the gaseous working fluid in the first heat exchange tube condenses into a liquid working fluid. At this point, the condensing heat exchanger 110 condenses the working fluid in the first heat exchange tube into a liquid working fluid, thereby lowering the temperature of the working fluid in the first heat exchange tube.

[0040] Evaporative heat exchanger 130 refers to a device that evaporates a liquid working fluid into a gaseous working fluid and transfers heat. In this embodiment, evaporative heat exchanger 130 has two heat exchange tubes inside. One end of one heat exchange tube (hereinafter referred to as the "third heat exchange tube") is connected to the switching valve 120 via a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the input end of the adsorption bed 140 and the input end of the compressor 150 via a pipeline. The two ends of the other heat exchange tube (hereinafter referred to as the "fourth heat exchange tube") are connected to the heating element via pipelines. In the circulation loop formed by the fourth heat exchange tube and the heating element of evaporative heat exchanger 130, the heating element can allow high-temperature working fluid to flow into the fourth heat exchange tube of evaporative heat exchanger 130, so that the temperature of the working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of evaporative heat exchanger 130 is lower than that in the fourth heat exchange tube. Among them, heat-generating components can dissipate heat from heat-generating devices such as automobile engines, motors of new energy vehicles, battery modules, printed circuit boards (PCBs), and integrated circuit boards.

[0041] In one embodiment, a liquid or two-phase working fluid flows into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporative heat exchanger 130. The working fluid in the third heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the working fluid in the fourth heat exchange tube, transferring heat from the fourth heat exchange tube to the third. After absorbing heat, the liquid working fluid in the third heat exchange tube evaporates into a gaseous state. At this point, the evaporative heat exchanger 130 evaporates the liquid working fluid in the third heat exchange tube into a gaseous state, which can lower the temperature of the working fluid in the fourth heat exchange tube. The cooled working fluid from the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporative heat exchanger 130 then circulates to the heating element, which can lower the temperature of the heating element.

[0042] A switching valve 120 is connected via a pipeline between the first heat exchange tube of the condensing heat exchanger 110 and the third heat exchange tube of the evaporating heat exchanger 130. When the switching valve 120 is in the open state, the working fluid in the first heat exchange tube of the condensing heat exchanger 110 flows into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporating heat exchanger 130. When the switching valve 120 is in the closed state, the working fluid in the first heat exchange tube of the condensing heat exchanger 110 cannot flow into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporating heat exchanger 130. In other embodiments, the switching valve 120 may be an electronic expansion valve (EEV), a throttle valve (TV), or other types of switching valves; this application is not limited to these types.

[0043] In this embodiment, the working fluid inside the pipe between the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 and the switching valve 120 is liquid. The refrigeration system 100 can adjust the temperature of the working fluid flowing into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 by controlling the opening degree of the switching valve 120.

[0044] In one embodiment, the opening degree of the switching valve 120 is relatively small. After the liquid working fluid enters the pipeline between the switching valve 120 and the third heat exchange tube of the evaporative heat exchanger 130, the pressure drops instantaneously, causing all or most of the liquid working fluid to vaporize into a gaseous state. The vaporization of a large amount of working fluid absorbs a significant amount of heat, resulting in a substantial decrease in the temperature of the liquid working fluid or the surrounding environment. In this case, the switching valve 120 has a significant effect on lowering the temperature of the working fluid.

[0045] In one embodiment, the opening degree of the switching valve 120 is relatively large. After the liquid working fluid enters the pipeline between the switching valve 120 and the third heat exchange tube of the evaporative heat exchanger 130, the pressure change is relatively small, and a small amount or no liquid working fluid will vaporize into gaseous working fluid. When a small amount of working fluid vaporizes, it absorbs a small amount of heat, resulting in a relatively small decrease in the temperature of the liquid working fluid or the surrounding environment. In this case, the temperature-lowering effect of the switching valve 120 on the working fluid is relatively weak.

[0046] The refrigeration system 100 can adjust the opening of the switching valve 120 to control the ratio of gaseous to liquid working fluid entering the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130. A higher proportion of gaseous working fluid results in a lower temperature of the working fluid flowing into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 through the switching valve 120, thus increasing the heat exchange rate between the third and fourth heat exchange tubes. A higher proportion of liquid working fluid allows for greater heat absorption during vaporization, further increasing the heat absorption from the fourth heat exchange tube by the working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130.

[0047] In this embodiment, the refrigeration system 100 can adjust the opening of the switching valve 120 to make the working fluid inside the pipeline between the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 and the switching valve 120 a two-phase state. The ratio of gaseous working fluid to liquid working fluid in the two-phase state can be determined based on the temperature of the working fluid in the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130.

[0048] In this embodiment, the refrigeration system 100 can adjust the opening degree of the switching valve 120 to control the pressure on both sides of the switching valve 120. In one embodiment, when the opening degree of the switching valve 120 is relatively small, the pressure in the circulation loop between the adsorption bed 140, the condensing heat exchanger 110, and the switching valve 120 is relatively high. The pressure in the circulation loop between the switching valve 120, the evaporating heat exchanger 130, and the adsorption bed 140 is relatively low. In another embodiment, when the opening degree of the switching valve 120 is relatively small, the pressure in the circulation loop between the compressor 150, the condensing heat exchanger 110, and the switching valve 120 is relatively high. The pressure in the circulation loop between the switching valve 120, the evaporating heat exchanger 130, and the compressor 150 is relatively low.

[0049] The adsorption bed 140, also known as a moving bed adsorber, is a device in which the adsorbent follows the airflow to complete the adsorption process. During adsorption, the adsorbent absorbs the gaseous working fluid inside the adsorption bed 140, causing the adsorption bed 140 to release heat. During desorption, when the adsorbent reaches the desorption temperature, it releases the gaseous working fluid, causing the adsorption bed 140 to absorb heat.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the adsorption bed 140 includes a cavity structure 141, interfaces 142-1, 142-2, 143-1, 143-2, 144-1, 144-2, and an adsorbent. Interfaces 142-1 and 142-2 are disposed on the shell of the cavity structure 141 and located on both sides of the cavity structure 141. Interface 142-1 serves as an input terminal and is connected to the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 via a pipeline. Interface 142-2 serves as an output terminal and is connected to the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 via a pipeline. Interfaces 143-1 and 143-2 are disposed on the shell of the cavity structure 141 and located on both sides of the cavity structure 141. Interfaces 143-1 and 143-2 are respectively connected to a heat source 160 via pipelines. Interfaces 144-1 and 144-2 are disposed on the shell of cavity structure 141 and are located on both sides of cavity structure 141. Interfaces 144-1 and 144-2 are respectively connected to cold source 170 through pipelines. Adsorbent is disposed inside cavity structure 141.

[0051] In one embodiment, the working fluid of the heat source 160 flows into the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140, where the heat of the working fluid from the heat source 160 exchanges heat with the adsorbent, allowing the adsorbent to absorb heat. When the temperature of the adsorbent reaches the desorption temperature, the adsorbent releases the gaseous working fluid, allowing the adsorption bed 140 to absorb heat. During the desorption process, the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 increases. When the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 exceeds the pressure of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the gaseous working fluid in the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140 enters the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0052] In one embodiment, the working fluid of the cold source 170 flows into the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140. The heat of the working fluid in the cold source 170 exchanges heat with the adsorbent, causing the adsorbent to cool down. After the adsorbent cools down, it absorbs the gaseous working fluid inside the adsorption bed 140. After absorbing the gaseous working fluid, the adsorbent releases heat, which is carried away by the working fluid of the cold source 170. During the adsorption process, the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 decreases. When the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 is less than the pressure of the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130, the gaseous working fluid or two-phase state inside the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 enters the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140.

[0053] In this embodiment, the adsorption bed 140 absorbs heat using the cold source 170, allowing the adsorbent to adsorb and draw in the gaseous working fluid or two-phase state from the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130. The adsorption bed 140 releases heat using the heat source 160, allowing the adsorbent to desorb and allowing the gaseous working fluid inside the adsorption bed 140 to enter the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. The adsorption bed 140 circulates the working fluid within the circulation loop of the refrigeration system 100. In other embodiments, the structure of the adsorption bed 140 is not limited to... Figure 2 The structure shown can also be other types of structures, which are not limited herein. The number of adsorption beds 140 is not limited to... Figure 1 The quantity shown can be two or other quantities, and this application does not limit it. In the embodiments of this application, when the working fluid of the refrigeration system 100 is water, the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed 140 can be zeolite, silica gel or other types of adsorbent.

[0054] The refrigeration system 100 also includes a shut-off valve 190. The shut-off valve 190 is connected via a pipe between the interface 142-2 of the adsorption bed 140 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. When the shut-off valve 190 is in the open state, the gaseous working fluid inside the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140 can flow into the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. When the shut-off valve 190 is in the closed state, the gaseous working fluid inside the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140 cannot flow into the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0055] In one embodiment, when the temperature of the heat source 160 is relatively low, the adsorption bed 140 is unable to vaporize the liquid working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 into a gaseous working fluid. The refrigeration system 100 can keep the shut-off valve 190 in the closed state to prevent the liquid working fluid from flowing into the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0056] In one embodiment, when the working fluid of the cold source 170 flows into the cavity structure 140 of the adsorption bed 140, the refrigeration system 100 can keep the shut-off valve 190 in the closed state to prevent the adsorption bed 140 from drawing in the gaseous working fluid inside the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 in the reverse direction.

[0057] In this embodiment, the refrigeration system 100 can adjust the opening of the shut-off valve 190, allowing the shut-off valve 190 and the on / off valve 120 to jointly control the pressure of the circulation loop of the refrigeration system 100. In one embodiment, the refrigeration system 100 can adjust the on / off valve 120 and the shut-off valve 190 to achieve a relatively high pressure in the circulation loop between the shut-off valve 190, the condensing heat exchanger 110, and the on / off valve 120, and a relatively low pressure in the circulation loop between the on / off valve 120, the evaporating heat exchanger 130, and the adsorption bed 140.

[0058] The output end of compressor 150 is connected to the first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 via a pipeline, and the input end of compressor 150 is connected to the third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130 via a pipeline. In this embodiment, after liquid or two-phase working fluid flows into compressor 150, it applies negative pressure to compress the liquid or two-phase working fluid to obtain gaseous working fluid. Compressor 150 then allows the gaseous working fluid to flow into the first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0059] In this embodiment, the compressor 150 is a negative pressure compressor. During operation, the volume of the suction chamber gradually increases, creating a negative pressure. Liquid or two-phase working fluid enters the suction chamber under the pressure difference. Under the negative pressure, the liquid working fluid vaporizes into a gaseous working fluid. The suction chamber gradually compresses, allowing the gaseous working fluid to flow into the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0060] The refrigeration system 100 also includes a discharge valve 180. The discharge valve 180 is connected via a pipe between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. When the discharge valve 180 is in the closed state, the gaseous working fluid in the pipe between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 cannot be discharged to the outside. When the discharge valve 180 is in the open state, the gaseous working fluid in the pipe between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 can be discharged to the outside.

[0061] In one embodiment, when the compressor 150 outputs gaseous working fluid to the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the pressure in the pipeline between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 may be relatively high. When the pressure in the pipeline between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 exceeds a set threshold, the exhaust valve 180 is in the open state, allowing the gaseous working fluid inside the pipeline between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 to be discharged to the outside, thereby reducing the pressure in the pipeline between the compressor 150 and the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0062] Heat source 160 refers to a device that generates heat, such as an automobile engine, a new energy vehicle motor, a battery module, printed circuit boards (PCBs), integrated circuit boards, etc. In this embodiment, the two ends of heat source 160 are connected to interfaces 143-1 and 143-2 of adsorption bed 140 via pipelines. In the circulation loop between heat source 160 and cavity structure 141 of adsorption bed 140, the heat from heat source 160 can be transferred to adsorption bed 140 through the working fluid, allowing the adsorbent inside adsorption bed 140 to absorb heat during desorption.

[0063] Cold source 170 refers to a device that reduces heat, such as a cooling fan, radiator, cooling tower, or dry cooler. In this embodiment, both ends of cold source 170 can be connected to the second heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 via pipes. In the circulation loop between cold source 170 and the second heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110, the heat from the second heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 can be transferred to cold source 170 through the working fluid, thereby reducing the temperature of condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0064] The two ends of the cold source 170 can be connected to interfaces 144-1 and 144-2 of the adsorption bed 140 via pipelines. In the circulation loop of the cavity structure 141 of the cold source 170 and the adsorption bed 140, the low-temperature working fluid of the cold source 170 is input into the adsorption bed 140, which can absorb the heat released by the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed 140 during the adsorption process.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the on / off valve 120, the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130, and the adsorption bed 140 are sequentially connected by pipelines to form a closed loop. The heat source 160 is connected to the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140 via a pipeline. The cold source 170 is connected to the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140 via a pipeline. The cold source 170 is connected to the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 via a pipeline. The fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 is connected to the heating element via a pipeline. When the temperature of the heat source 160 is relatively high and the temperature of the cold source 170 is relatively low, the refrigeration system 100 cools the heating element through the loop of "adsorption bed 140 → first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 → on / off valve 120 → third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130".

[0066] In this context, "relatively high temperature of heat source 160" means that the temperature of heat source 160 is greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside adsorption bed 140. Conversely, "relatively low temperature of heat source 160" means that the temperature of heat source 160 is not greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside adsorption bed 140. Similarly, "relatively low temperature of cold source 170" means that the temperature of cold source 170 is lower than the temperature of the working fluid in the second heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110. Conversely, "relatively high temperature of cold source 170" means that the temperature of cold source 170 is not lower than the temperature of the working fluid in the second heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the on / off valve 120, the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130, and the compressor 150 are sequentially connected by pipelines to form a closed loop. The cold source 170 is connected to the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 by pipelines. The fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 is connected to the heat-generating component by pipelines. When the temperature of the heat source 160 is relatively low and the temperature of the cold source 170 is relatively high, the refrigeration system 100 cools the heat-generating component through the circulation loop of "compressor 150 → first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 → on / off valve 120 → third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130", thus enabling the refrigeration system 100 to continuously cool the heat-generating component.

[0068] In this embodiment, the refrigeration system 100 allows the circulation loop of "adsorption bed 140 → first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 → switching valve 120 → third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130" and "compressor 150 → first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 → switching valve 120 → third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130" to circulate simultaneously, which can improve the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration system 100 and reduce the energy consumption of the refrigeration system 100.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature of the heat source 160 is greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed 140. The high-temperature working fluid from the heat source 160 flows into the cavity structure 141 of the adsorption bed 140, where the heat of the working fluid from the heat source 160 exchanges heat with the adsorbent, allowing the adsorbent to absorb heat. When the temperature of the adsorbent reaches the desorption temperature, the adsorbent releases gaseous working fluid, allowing the adsorption bed 140 to absorb heat. During the adsorbent desorption process, the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 increases. When the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 exceeds the pressure of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the gaseous working fluid in the cavity structure 140 of the adsorption bed 140 enters the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. After the adsorbent desorption is completed, the refrigeration system 100 cuts off the flow of the working fluid from the heat source 160 into the adsorption bed 140.

[0070] In the circulation loop between the cold source 170 and the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the low-temperature working fluid of the cold source 170 flows into the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. The gaseous working fluid of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 exchanges heat with the low-temperature working fluid of the second heat exchange tube. The gaseous working fluid of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 condenses into a liquid working fluid. The liquid working fluid of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 flows into the on / off valve 120.

[0071] The refrigeration system 100 adjusts the opening of the switching valve 120 to convert the liquid working fluid into a two-phase working fluid. The two-phase working fluid flows into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130. The two-phase working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat with the working fluid in the fourth heat exchange tube. The liquid working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 evaporates into a gaseous working fluid.

[0072] In the circulation loop between the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 and the heating element, the working fluid cooled by the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 flows into the heating element, which can reduce the temperature of the heating element.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, after the refrigeration system 100 cuts off the flow of the working fluid from the heat source 160 into the adsorption bed 140, the working fluid from the cold source 170 flows into the cavity structure 140 of the adsorption bed 140. The heat of the working fluid from the cold source 170 exchanges heat with the adsorbent, causing the adsorbent to cool down. After the adsorbent cools down, it absorbs the gaseous working fluid inside the adsorption bed 140. After absorbing the gaseous working fluid, the adsorbent releases heat, allowing the working fluid from the cold source 170 to carry away the heat generated inside the adsorption bed 140.

[0074] During the adsorption process, the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 decreases. When the internal pressure of the adsorption bed 140 is less than the pressure of the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130, the gaseous working fluid or two-phase fluid inside the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 enters the cavity structure 140 of the adsorption bed 140.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, when the temperature of the heat source 160 is not greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption bed 140, the adsorption bed 140 cannot vaporize the liquid working fluid inside the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 into a gaseous working fluid. The refrigeration system 100 can keep the shut-off valve 190 closed, stopping the circulation loop of "adsorption bed 140 → first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 → on / off valve 120 → third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130" and allowing the compressor 150 to operate. The refrigeration system 100 can allow the circulation loop of "compressor 150 → first heat exchange tube of condenser heat exchanger 110 → on / off valve 120 → third heat exchange tube of evaporator heat exchanger 130" to continue.

[0076] After the compressor 150 draws in the liquid or two-phase working fluid from the first heat exchange tube of the condensing heat exchanger 110, it compresses the liquid or two-phase working fluid under negative pressure to obtain a gaseous working fluid. The compressor 150 then allows the gaseous working fluid to flow into the first heat exchange tube of the condensing heat exchanger 110.

[0077] In the circulation loop between the cold source 170 and the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110, the low-temperature working fluid of the cold source 170 flows into the second heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110. The gaseous working fluid of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 exchanges heat with the low-temperature working fluid of the second heat exchange tube. The gaseous working fluid of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 condenses into a liquid working fluid. The liquid working fluid of the first heat exchange tube of the condenser heat exchanger 110 flows into the on / off valve 120.

[0078] The refrigeration system 100 adjusts the opening of the switching valve 120 to convert the liquid working fluid into a two-phase working fluid. The two-phase working fluid flows into the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130. The two-phase working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat with the working fluid in the fourth heat exchange tube. The liquid working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 evaporates into a gaseous working fluid. The liquid or two-phase working fluid in the third heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 is then drawn back into the compressor 150.

[0079] In the circulation loop between the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 and the heating element, the working fluid cooled by the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 flows into the heating element, which can reduce the temperature of the heating element. When the temperature of the heat source 160 is insufficient, the refrigeration system 100 operates the compressor 150, so that the refrigeration system 100 can continuously cool the heating element.

[0080] In this embodiment, water is used as the working fluid in each circulation loop of the refrigeration system 100, which reduces the cost of the refrigeration system 100 and enhances its competitive advantage. Water, as a purely natural and environmentally friendly working fluid, has a global warming potential (GWP) of zero, making the refrigeration system 100 more aligned with the current trend of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Since both circulation loops of the refrigeration system 100 use water as the working fluid, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigeration system 100 is more than 16% higher than that of traditional refrigeration systems using chilled water as the working fluid.

[0081] This application provides an embodiment of an electrical device, which includes a heating element and, as shown in the example, a power device. Figures 1-5 The refrigeration system 100 described in the corresponding protection scheme above. A working fluid circulation loop can be provided inside the heating element. This loop is connected to the fourth heat exchange tube of the evaporator heat exchanger 130 of the refrigeration system 100, forming a circulation loop. The working fluid cooled by the evaporator heat exchanger 130 of the refrigeration system 100 flows into the heating element, thereby reducing its temperature.

[0082] In this context, electrical equipment can refer to things like electric vehicles, base stations, and outdoor server racks. Heat-generating components can include engines, motors, battery modules, PCBs, and integrated circuit boards. Broadly speaking, electrical equipment can also refer to data centers, offices, and workshops. Heat-generating components can be enclosed spaces. Because this electrical equipment includes a cooling system, it possesses all or part of the advantages of that cooling system.

[0083] The types, quantities, shapes, connection methods, and structures of the components of the refrigeration system provided in this application are not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions implemented under the principles of this application are within the protection scope of this application. Any one or more embodiments or illustrations in the specification, combined in a suitable manner, are within the protection scope of this application.

[0084] The types, quantities, shapes, installation methods, and structures of the power equipment components provided in this application are not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions implemented under the principles of this application are within the protection scope of this solution. Any one or more embodiments or illustrations in the specification, combined in a suitable manner, are within the protection scope of this solution. The electronic equipment may be a power module, a new energy vehicle, an outdoor base station, an outdoor cabinet, or other equipment; this application does not limit its scope.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A refrigeration system characterized by, include: The system includes a condensing heat exchanger, a switching valve, an evaporating heat exchanger, an adsorption bed, and a compressor. The condensing heat exchanger, the switching valve, and the evaporating heat exchanger are connected in sequence via pipelines. The condensing heat exchanger is connected to the output end of the adsorption bed and the output end of the compressor via pipelines, and is used to condense the gaseous working fluid output from the adsorption bed and the compressor into a liquid working fluid. The evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the adsorption bed and the input end of the compressor via pipelines. It is used to evaporate the liquid working fluid into a gaseous working fluid and input it into the adsorption bed, or input it into the compressor when the adsorption bed cannot work, and to reduce the temperature of the heating components.

2. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein, The refrigeration system also includes a heat source and a cold source. The adsorption bed is connected to the heat source and the cold source respectively through pipelines, and is used to output gaseous working fluid to the condenser heat exchanger after the high-temperature working fluid flows into the heat source. or After the low-temperature working fluid flows into the cold source, it is drawn into the liquid working fluid or two-phase working fluid of the evaporative heat exchanger.

3. The refrigeration system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature of the working fluid input by the heat source is greater than the desorption temperature of the adsorbent inside the adsorption bed, and the desorption temperature is the temperature at which the adsorbent releases the gaseous working fluid.

4. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, The condenser heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube. One end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the switching valve via a pipeline, and the other end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the output end of the adsorption bed and the output end of the compressor via a pipeline; both ends of the second heat exchange tube are connected to a cold source via pipelines.

5. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The evaporative heat exchanger includes a third heat exchange tube and a fourth heat exchange tube. One end of the third heat exchange tube is connected to the switching valve via a pipeline, and the other end of the third heat exchange tube is connected to the input end of the adsorption bed and the input end of the compressor via a pipeline; both ends of the fourth heat exchange tube are connected to the heating element via pipelines.

6. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The refrigeration system also includes an exhaust valve. The exhaust valve is installed on the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the compressor, and is used to discharge gaseous working fluid when the pressure in the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the compressor is greater than a set threshold.

7. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The refrigeration system also includes a shut-off valve. The shut-off valve is installed on the pipeline between the condenser heat exchanger and the output end of the adsorption bed, and is used to control the gaseous working fluid from the adsorption bed to the condenser heat exchanger.

8. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The working fluid of the refrigeration system is water.

9. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The adsorbent inside the adsorption bed is zeolite or silica gel.

10. The refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The compressor is a negative pressure compressor.

11. An electrical device, characterized in that, include: At least one heating element, At least one refrigeration system as described in any one of claims 1-10, wherein the evaporator heat exchanger of the at least one refrigeration system is connected to the at least one heating element via pipes.

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