A quantum random number management system and method based on single light source

Abstract

The present invention discloses a quantum random number management system and method based on a single light source, including a quantum random number generator unit, a random number supervision unit and a random number demand unit connected in sequence; the quantum random number generator unit includes a pulse laser, a beam splitter, a first attenuator, a quantum random number generator based on phase noise, a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating, a quantum random number generator based on photon detection and a quantum random number generator based on single photon time resolution characteristics; the random number supervision unit is used to receive and store quantum random numbers sent by the quantum random number generator unit, and receive random number requests sent by the random number demand unit, and send the corresponding quantum random numbers to the random number demand unit. The present invention utilizes a single pulse laser source and combines multiple physical true randomness in multiple dimensions, and can provide quantum random numbers of different rates at the same time, providing random number generation services for different rate demand scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum random number technology, and in particular to a quantum random number management system and method based on a single light source. Background Art

[0002] As a product of random experiments, random numbers play an important role in all aspects of society due to their unpredictability, unrepeatability and unbiasedness. For example, in the field of infectious disease prevention, they can be used as a behavioral model to simulate virus transmission; in medicine, they can be used to simulate clinical experiments; in the field of encryption algorithms, they can be used to generate keys and secure passwords. At the same time, as an important basic resource, random numbers also play a vital role in the field of science and technology. In-depth research on quantum information has promoted the development of a series of quantum random number devices represented by quantum random number generators. Although the field of quantum random numbers is developing rapidly, there are still shortcomings such as poor integration, imperfect functions, and low accuracy, which seriously restrict the development of quantum random numbers. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a quantum random number management system and method based on a single light source, which can manage random numbers and monitor random number generators while generating random numbers in multiple ways, and accurately provide corresponding random number services according to user needs. It can not only provide quantum random numbers that better meet user needs, but also improve the stability and security of the system.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum random number management system based on a single light source, comprising:

[0005] A quantum random number generator unit, a random number supervision unit and a random number demand unit connected in sequence;

[0006] The quantum random number generator unit includes a pulse laser, a beam splitter, a first attenuator, a quantum random number generator based on phase noise, a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating, a quantum random number generator based on photon detection, and a quantum random number generator based on single photon time resolution characteristics;

[0007] The pulse laser is used to emit pulse laser with adjustable pulse repetition frequency;

[0008] The beam splitter is used to split the pulse laser into two beams, and the beam splitter includes a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter and a third beam splitter;

[0009] The first beam splitter is used to split the pulse laser into two beams, namely a first pulse laser and a second pulse laser;

[0010] The phase noise-based quantum random number generator is used to generate a first quantum random number according to the first pulse laser;

[0011] The second beam splitter is used to split the second pulse laser into two beams, namely a third pulse laser and a fourth pulse laser;

[0012] The vacuum floating-based quantum random number generator is used to generate a second quantum random number according to the third pulse laser;

[0013] The first attenuator is used to attenuate the fourth pulse laser according to a preset number of photons;

[0014] The third beam splitter is used to split the attenuated fourth pulse laser into two beams, namely a fifth pulse laser and a sixth pulse laser;

[0015] The quantum random number generator based on photon detection is used to generate a third quantum random number according to the fifth pulse laser;

[0016] The quantum random number generator based on the single-photon time resolution characteristic is used to generate a fourth quantum random number according to the sixth pulse laser;

[0017] The random number supervision unit is used to receive and store the quantum random number sent by the quantum random number generator unit, and receive the random number request sent by the random number demand unit, and send the corresponding quantum random number to the random number demand unit according to the random number request, wherein the quantum random number includes the first quantum random number, the second quantum random number, the third quantum random number and the fourth quantum random number;

[0018] The random number request unit is used to send the random number request to the random number supervision unit and receive the quantum random number from the random number supervision unit.

[0019] Further, the phase noise-based quantum random number generator includes: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a fourth beam splitter, an optical fiber delay line, a multiplexer, an interferometer, a photodetector, a first analog-to-digital converter, and a first post-processing module;

[0020] The erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to amplify the signal of the first pulse laser and introduce spontaneous emission noise into the first pulse laser to increase the phase noise of the first pulse laser;

[0021] The fourth beam splitter is used to split the amplified first pulse laser into a plurality of first sub-pulse laser beams, and the beam quantity of the first sub-pulse laser beams is adapted to the number of the optical fiber delay lines;

[0022] The optical fiber delay line is used to adjust the phase of the first sub-pulse laser so that the phases of the plurality of first sub-pulse lasers are different;

[0023] The multiplexer is used to select two beams from a plurality of beams of the first sub-pulse lasers as interference lasers according to an external input instruction;

[0024] The interferometer is used to interfere the interference laser to generate a noise signal;

[0025] The photodetector is used to read the noise signal and convert it into a first analog electrical signal;

[0026] The first analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal;

[0027] The first post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the first digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a first quantum random number.

[0028] Furthermore, the fourth beam splitter includes three sub-beam splitters, which are used to split the first pulse laser into four beams of the first sub-pulse laser.

[0029] Further, the quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating includes: a fifth beam splitter, a second attenuator, a homodyne detector, a second analog-to-digital converter and a second post-processing module;

[0030] The fifth beam splitter is used to split the third pulse laser into a plurality of beams of third sub-pulse lasers, and the number of the beams of the third sub-pulse lasers is adapted to the number of the second attenuators;

[0031] The second attenuator is used to attenuate the third sub-pulse laser so that the average photon number of the attenuated third sub-pulse laser is a preset first photon number;

[0032] The homodyne detector is used to measure the attenuated third sub-pulse laser and generate a second analog electrical signal according to the measurement result;

[0033] The second analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal;

[0034] The second post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the second digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a second quantum random number.

[0035] Further, the fifth beam splitter is provided with two input ports and two output ports, which are respectively a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, and a second output port, wherein the first input port is a vacuum state input port, and the second input port is an input port of the third pulsed laser;

[0036] The fifth beam splitter is used to interfere the vacuum state with the third pulse laser, and output the third sub-pulse laser through the first output port and the second output port respectively.

[0037] Further, the quantum random number generator based on photon detection includes a third attenuator, a photon detector, a third analog-to-digital converter and a third post-processing module;

[0038] The third attenuator is used to attenuate the fifth pulse laser so that the average photon number of the attenuated fifth pulse laser is a preset second photon number;

[0039] The photon detector is used to perform photon detection on the attenuated fifth pulse laser and generate a third analog electrical signal according to the detection result, wherein the detector includes an APD detector and a PNR detector;

[0040] The third analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the third analog electrical signal into a third digital electrical signal;

[0041] The third post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the third digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a third quantum random number.

[0042] Further, the quantum random number generator based on the single-photon time resolution characteristic comprises: a fourth attenuator, a signal generator, a signal delay device, a single-photon detector, a fourth analog-to-digital converter and a fourth post-processing module;

[0043] The fourth attenuator is used to attenuate the sixth pulse laser so that the average photon number of the attenuated fifth pulse laser is a preset third photon number;

[0044] The signal generator is used to control the pulse frequency of the pulse laser and generate a gating signal for the single photon detector;

[0045] The signal delay device is used to delay the gate signal and send the delayed gate signal to the single photon detector;

[0046] The single-photon detector is used to measure the attenuated fifth pulse laser within the coherence time, so that the single photon randomly collapses into any measurement, and generates a fourth analog electrical signal according to the response time of the collapse;

[0047] The fourth analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the fourth analog electrical signal into a fourth digital electrical signal;

[0048] The fourth post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the fourth digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a fourth quantum random number.

[0049] Furthermore, the random number supervision unit includes:

[0050] A status monitoring unit, a monitoring management unit, a client and a random number cluster connected in sequence;

[0051] The state monitoring unit is connected to the quantum random number generator unit, and is used to monitor the working state of the quantum random number generator unit, generate monitoring data, and send the monitoring data to the monitoring management unit;

[0052] The monitoring management unit is used to receive and store the monitoring data, receive a random number request sent by the client, and compare the monitoring data with the random number request to generate feedback information;

[0053] The client is connected to the random number demand unit, and is used to receive the random number request sent by the random number demand unit, and send the random number request to the random number cluster, and receive the quantum random number sent by the random number cluster, and send the quantum random number to the random number demand unit;

[0054] The random number cluster is connected to the quantum random number generator unit, and is used to receive and store the quantum random number sent by the quantum random number generator unit, and send the corresponding quantum random number to the client according to the random number request sent by the client.

[0055] Furthermore, the monitoring management unit is further used to generate a state adjustment instruction according to the feedback information, and send the state adjustment instruction to the state monitoring unit;

[0056] The state monitoring unit is further used to send the received state adjustment instruction to the quantum random number generator unit, so that the quantum random number generator unit adjusts the working state according to the state adjustment instruction.

[0057] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum random number management method based on a single light source, comprising:

[0058] The pulse laser emits pulse laser with adjustable pulse repetition frequency;

[0059] Splitting the pulsed laser into two beams through a first beam splitter to obtain a first pulsed laser and a second pulsed laser;

[0060] Inputting the first pulsed laser into a phase noise-based quantum random number generator to generate a first quantum random number;

[0061] Splitting the second pulse laser into two beams by a second beam splitter to obtain a third pulse laser and a fourth pulse laser;

[0062] Inputting the third pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating to generate a second quantum random number;

[0063] Attenuating the fourth pulse laser according to a preset number of photons by a first attenuator, and splitting the attenuated fourth pulse laser into two beams by a third beam splitter to obtain a fifth pulse laser and a sixth pulse laser;

[0064] Inputting the fifth pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on photon detection to generate a third quantum random number, and inputting the sixth pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on single-photon time resolution characteristics to generate a fourth quantum random number;

[0065] The quantum random number generator unit sends the generated quantum random number to the random number supervision unit;

[0066] The random number request unit sends the random number request to the random number supervision unit;

[0067] The random number supervision unit receives and stores the quantum random number and the random number request, and selects a corresponding quantum random number from the quantum random numbers according to the random number request and sends it to the random number demand unit.

[0068] The present invention provides a quantum random number management system and method based on a single light source. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention not only provides four quantum random number generators, but also uses the same pulse laser to provide light sources. Since the generators have different rates, real-time or stored quantum random number services can be provided according to user needs. The present invention requires a small number of light sources, is easy to integrate and manage, shortens the gap between the quantum random number generator system and the actual scene, and promotes the promotion of quantum random numbers and the development of technologies in related fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantum random number management system based on a single light source in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum random number generator unit;

[0071] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum random number generator based on phase noise;

[0072] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating;

[0073] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum random number generator based on photon detection;

[0074] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum random number generator based on the time-resolved characteristics of single photons;

[0075] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the random number supervision unit;

[0076] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a quantum random number management method based on a single light source in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] See also Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention proposes a quantum random number management system based on a single light source, comprising: a quantum random number generator unit 1, a random number supervision unit 2 and a random number demand unit 3 connected in sequence.

[0079] The quantum random number generator unit 1 uses a single pulsed laser source and combines multiple physical true randomness in multiple dimensions to generate true random numbers at different rates. For the specific structure, please refer to Figure 2 The quantum random number generator unit 1 includes a pulse laser 10, a beam splitter, a first attenuator 15, a quantum random number generator based on phase noise 12, a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating 14, a quantum random number generator based on photon detection 17 and a quantum random number generator based on single photon time resolution characteristics 18.

[0080] The pulse laser 10 can generate a pulse laser with a specific repetition frequency, and the pulse repetition frequency is adjustable, providing stable and reliable pulse light for the subsequent quantum random number generator. The beam splitter is used to split the pulse laser into two beams, including a first beam splitter 11, a second beam splitter 13 and a third beam splitter 16. The present invention uses a total of four different random number generators to generate random numbers at different rates, and the specific process is as follows:

[0081] The pulse laser 10 emits a pulse laser with adjustable pulse repetition frequency, which is input into a first beam splitter 11 and split into two beams by the first beam splitter 11, namely a first pulse laser and a second pulse laser, wherein the reflected first pulse laser is input into a quantum random number generator 12 based on phase noise, and a first quantum random number is generated by the quantum random number generator 12 based on phase noise, and the refracted second pulse laser is input into a second beam splitter 13;

[0082] The second beam splitter 13 splits the second pulse laser into two beams, namely the third pulse laser and the fourth pulse laser. The reflected third pulse laser is input into the quantum random number generator 14 based on vacuum floating, and the second quantum random number is generated by the quantum random number generator 14 based on vacuum floating, while the refracted fourth pulse laser is input into the first attenuator 15. The first attenuator 15 attenuates the input pulse laser to a weak level of average photon number of the pulse, and then inputs the output pulse laser into the third beam splitter 16. The third beam splitter 16 splits the attenuated fourth pulse laser into two beams, namely the fifth pulse laser and the sixth pulse laser. The fifth pulse laser is input into the quantum random number generator 17 based on photon detection to generate the third quantum random number, while the sixth pulse laser is input into the quantum random number generator 18 based on the single-photon time resolution characteristic to generate the fourth quantum random number.

[0083] According to the above process, it can be seen that the present invention can realize multiple quantum random number generators through a single light source, which can not only output true random numbers of different rate levels at the same time, but also output true random numbers of specific rates separately. Furthermore, the beam splitting ratio of the three beam splitters in the present invention needs to be set according to the power of the light source and the power required by the quantum random number generator. For example, the beam splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 11 is set according to the power of the light source and the power required by the quantum random number generator 12 based on phase noise, and the beam splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 13 needs to meet the power required by the quantum random number generator 14 based on vacuum floating, and the beam splitter 16 needs to consider the power required by the first attenuator 15, the quantum random number generator based on photon detection 17 and the quantum random number generator based on the time resolution characteristic of single photons 18. The setting of the beam splitting ratio does not have a fixed value, and a relatively Preferably, the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 11 can be set to 1:99, wherein 1% of the output beam is input into the quantum random number generator 12 based on phase noise, and the remaining 99% of the output beam is input into the second beam splitter 13. The splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 13 can be set to 99:1, wherein 1% of the output beam is input into the first attenuator 15, and 99% of the output beam is input into the quantum random number generator 14 based on vacuum floating. The splitting ratio of the third beam splitter 16 can be set to 50:50, that is, half of the output beam is input into the quantum random number generator 17 based on photon detection, and the other half is input into the quantum random number generator 18 based on the time resolution characteristic of single photons. Similarly, the attenuation degree of the first attenuator 15 in the present invention also needs to be set according to the requirements of other attenuators and quantum random number generators involved in the subsequent process. Here, in order to reduce the difficulty of adjusting the subsequent attenuator, its attenuation degree can be set to adjust the average number of photons in the pulse to less than 10. Below we will describe the internal structure of each quantum random number generator in detail.

[0084] See also Figure 3 The phase noise-based quantum random number generator 12 includes an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 121, a fourth beam splitter 122, an optical fiber delay line 123, a multiplexer 124, an interferometer 125, a photodetector 126, a first analog-to-digital converter 127 and a first post-processing module 128. The erbium-doped fiber amplifier 121, i.e., EDFA, is used to amplify the signal of the first pulse laser, and the phase noise of the pulse laser is increased by introducing spontaneous radiation noise. Then, the fourth beam splitter 122 is used to divide the amplified first pulse laser into four first sub-pulse lasers with phase fluctuations. Since the beam splitter can divide a laser beam into two beams, three beam splitters are required to finally divide a laser beam into four beams.

[0085] Each first sub-pulse laser is input into a corresponding optical fiber delay line 123 for delay, that is, there are 4 optical fiber delay lines 123. After passing through different optical fiber delay lines 123, four pulse lasers with different phases are obtained. These four first sub-pulse lasers with different phases are input into a multiplexer 124 that can read user instructions. The multiplexer 124 selects two lasers from the four lasers as interference lasers through the multiplexer 124 according to the external user instructions. The two interference lasers are input into the interferometer 125 for interference to generate noise signals, and the noise signals are read by the photodetector 126 and converted into a first analog electrical signal. The first analog electrical signal is input into the first analog-to-digital converter The first analog-to-digital converter 127 converts the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the input clock signal, and finally inputs the digital electrical signal into the first post-processing module 128 for processing, and finally outputs a true random number. It should be noted that the first post-processing module 128 and the subsequent various post-processing modules mainly use a specific post-processing algorithm to the original data after the analog-to-digital conversion, extract the information belonging to the quantum random source in the original sampling data, and discard the classical random information brought by the random source of the detector and the experimental circuit setting, so as to generate a true random number. These functions of the post-processing module are all possessed by the existing devices, and will not be described one by one here, and will not be repeated later.

[0086] See also Figure 4 The quantum random number generator 14 based on vacuum floating includes a fifth beam splitter 141, a second attenuator 142, a homodyne detector 143, a second analog-to-digital converter 144 and a second post-processing module 145, wherein the fifth beam splitter 141 is a beam splitter with two input ports and two output ports, wherein one input port is provided with a hole, which is an input port of a vacuum state, and the other input port is an input port of a third pulse laser output by the second beam splitter 13. After the signals of the two input ports interfere, an interference signal will be output, that is, a beam of a third sub-pulse laser is output from each of the two output ports, and two beams of the third sub-pulse laser are respectively input into two second attenuators 142 to adjust the balance, and the attenuated third sub-pulse laser is input into the two input ports of the homodyne detector 143 for measurement, and a continuous analog signal, that is, a second analog electrical signal, is obtained by measurement, and the second analog electrical signal is converted into a second digital electrical signal by the second analog-to-digital converter 144, and is post-processed by the second post-processing module 145 to finally generate a second quantum random number.

[0087] See also Figure 5The quantum random number generator 17 based on photon detection includes a third attenuator 171, a photon detector 172, a third analog-to-digital converter 173 and a third post-processing module 174, wherein the third attenuator 171 attenuates the input fifth pulse laser, and the attenuated laser is then detected by the photon detector 172. The photon detector 172 in the present invention can be an APD detector or a PNR detector.

[0088] When the photon detector 172 is an APD detector, since the APD detector can only observe the presence or absence of photons and cannot distinguish the number of pulse photons, it is necessary to adjust the average number of photons of the fifth pulse laser through the third attenuator 171 so that the probability of its presence or absence is half and half respectively, and then generate a third analog electrical signal according to the signal generated by the photon detection result, and convert it into a third digital electrical signal through the third analog-to-digital converter 173, and then perform post-processing in the third post-processing module 174, that is, eliminate the bias through the von Neumann method to retain the (1 / 4–e(m)) of the original sequence. 2 ), and a random number is obtained. e(m) is the bias of the original sequence. The von Neumann method is a commonly used method for eliminating bias, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] When the photon detector 172 is a PNR detector, since the PNR detector can distinguish the number of photons, the average number of pulse photons entering the PNR detector can be controlled by adjusting the third attenuator 171. According to the efficiency of the PNR detector, several probabilistic photon occurrence events can be defined. A third analog electrical signal is generated according to the detected photon occurrence event, and then converted into a third digital electrical signal through the third analog-to-digital converter 173. For example, assuming that the upper limit of the judgment of the PNR detector is 7 photons, its detection efficiency is 2.64, and the average number of pulses detected is When the number of photons is n, four events with similar occurrence probabilities can be defined, that is, if n is 0 or 1, it is represented by bit 00, if n is 2, it is represented by bit 01, if n is 3 or 6, it is represented by bit 10, and if n is 4 or 5 or greater than or equal to 7, it is represented by bit 11. That is, by dividing the photon occurrence events into four categories and representing them by different bits, the detected photon occurrence events are converted into a binary sequence composed of these four bit values, that is, converted into a third digital electrical signal, and then post-processed in the third post-processing module 174 to output a true random number.

[0090] See also Figure 6The quantum random number generator 18 based on the single-photon time resolution characteristic includes a fourth attenuator 181, a signal generator 182, a signal delay 183, a single-photon detector 184, a fourth analog-to-digital converter 185 and a fourth post-processing module 186. In one pulse cycle, an ideal single-photon source will only emit one photon. Because photons are the smallest units, there will only be one response to the measurement within the coherence time. The measurement to which it collapses is a random phenomenon based on quantum uncertainty. The quantum random number generator 18 based on the time resolution characteristic of single photons is designed on this theory. First, the input sixth pulse laser is attenuated by the fourth attenuator 181 so that an average of ten pulses contain one photon, thereby achieving a completely random distribution of photon time intervals. Then, the sixth pulse laser is intensively measured by the single-photon detector 184 within the coherence time of the pulse laser, so that the single photon randomly collapses to a certain measurement, and a fourth analog electrical signal is generated according to the response time of the detected collapse. The fourth analog-to-digital converter 185 performs analog-to-digital conversion, and post-processes the fourth post-processing module 186 to use von The Neumann method outputs a true random number after eliminating the bias, and the signal generator 182 is connected to the pulse laser 10, providing a pulse electrical signal to the light source to make the pulse laser 10 generate a pulse laser, and at the same time generate a gating signal for the single-photon detector 184. The signal delay 183 receives the gating signal sent by the signal generator 182, and provides it to the single-photon detector 184 after a delay. That is to say, the function of the signal delay 183 is to provide a clock signal to the single-photon detector 184, so that the detector is in a working state when the light pulse reaches the detector.

[0091] It can be seen that the present invention integrates multiple quantum random number generators on the basis of a single pulsed laser light source, and realizes the function of providing quantum random numbers at different rates at the same time. It can provide random number generation services for scenarios with different rate requirements. At the same time, the present invention also provides user-defined functions, such as selecting interference lasers by user instructions. This user's subjective randomness further improves the stability of the system. Since only the digital circuit part of the information is open to the user, it will not bring additional risks to the entire system.

[0092] See also Figure 7The random number supervision unit 2 includes a state monitoring unit 21, a monitoring management unit 22, a client 23 and a random number cluster 24 connected in sequence, wherein the state monitoring unit 21 is connected to the quantum random number generator unit 1, and is used to monitor the light source condition of the quantum random number generator unit 1 and the working condition of each functional random number generator in real time, and the generated monitoring data will be sent to the monitoring management unit 22; the client 23 is connected to the random number demand unit 3, receives the random number request of the user sent by the random number demand unit 3, and sends the random number request to the random number cluster 24; the random number cluster 24 is also connected to the quantum random number generator unit 1, and is used to receive and store each quantum random number generated by the quantum random number generator unit 1, and according to the received random number request, according to the different generation rates of each quantum random number generator, selects the stored quantum random numbers, selects the required quantum random numbers and transmits them to the client 23, and then the client 23 transmits them back to the random number demand unit 3.

[0093] The monitoring management unit 22 is used to receive the monitoring data sent by the state monitoring unit 21 and the random number request sent by the client 23, and compare the monitoring data with the random number request to determine whether the working state of the quantum random number generator of each function can meet the needs of the user, and generate feedback information based on the comparison result for storage. At the same time, if the user needs cannot be met, a state adjustment instruction will be generated according to the feedback information, and sent to the quantum random number generator unit 1 through the state monitoring unit 21, so as to achieve the purpose of implementing the regulation of the quantum random number generator unit. In other words, the present invention realizes the precise regulation of the working state of multiple random number generators through the docking and integration of multiple modules, and can adjust the random number cluster and monitoring mode and related strength functions according to the needs provided by the customer.

[0094] The single-light-source-based quantum random number management system provided in the embodiment of the present invention provides more quantum random number generation schemes compared to traditional quantum random number generators, and realizes the management and monitoring of quantum random number generators with various functions through the docking and integration of multiple modules, and can provide quantum random numbers that better meet user needs. At the same time, the security and stability of the system are further improved through user-defined functions.

[0095] See also Figure 8 Based on the same inventive concept, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum random number management method based on a single light source, comprising:

[0096] Step S10, the pulse laser emits a pulse laser with an adjustable pulse repetition frequency;

[0097] Step S20, splitting the pulse laser into two beams by a first beam splitter to obtain a first pulse laser and a second pulse laser;

[0098] Step S30, inputting the first pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on phase noise to generate a first quantum random number;

[0099] Step S40, splitting the second pulse laser into two beams by a second beam splitter to obtain a third pulse laser and a fourth pulse laser;

[0100] Step S50, inputting the third pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating to generate a second quantum random number;

[0101] Step S60, attenuating the fourth pulse laser according to a preset number of photons by a first attenuator, and splitting the attenuated fourth pulse laser into two beams by a third beam splitter to obtain a fifth pulse laser and a sixth pulse laser;

[0102] Step S70, inputting the fifth pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on photon detection to generate a third quantum random number, and inputting the sixth pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on single-photon time resolution characteristics to generate a fourth quantum random number;

[0103] Step S80, the quantum random number generator unit sends the generated quantum random number to the random number supervision unit;

[0104] Step S90, the random number request unit sends a random number request to the random number supervision unit;

[0105] Step S100: The random number supervision unit receives and stores the quantum random number and the random number request, and selects a corresponding quantum random number from the quantum random number according to the random number request and sends it to the random number request unit.

[0106] The technical features and technical effects of the quantum random number management method based on a single light source proposed in the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the system proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, and are not described in detail here. Each module in the above-mentioned quantum random number management system based on a single light source can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory in the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0107] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum random number management system and method based on a single light source, comprising: a quantum random number generator unit, a random number supervision unit and a random number demand unit connected in sequence; the quantum random number generator unit comprises a pulsed laser, a beam splitter, a first attenuator, a quantum random number generator based on phase noise, a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating, a quantum random number generator based on photon detection and a quantum random number generator based on single photon time resolution characteristics; the random number supervision unit is used to receive and store the quantum random number sent by the quantum random number generator unit, and receive the random number request sent by the random number demand unit, and send the corresponding quantum random number to the random number demand unit according to the random number request, wherein the quantum random number includes the first quantum random number, the second quantum random number, the third quantum random number and the fourth quantum random number; the random number demand unit is used to send the random number request to the random number supervision unit, and receive the quantum random number from the random number supervision unit. The present invention utilizes a single pulsed laser source and combines multiple physical true randomness in multiple dimensions to realize a quantum random number generator that integrates multiple quantum random number generation modules with only a single light source, which is convenient for miniaturization and integration. The present invention can provide quantum random numbers of different rates at the same time, providing random number generation services for scenarios with different rate requirements.

[0108] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts of each embodiment can be directly referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. It should be noted that the technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0109] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several preferred implementation modes of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in the technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A quantum random number management system based on a single light source, characterized in that: include: A quantum random number generator unit, a random number supervision unit and a random number demand unit connected in sequence; The quantum random number generator unit includes a pulse laser, a beam splitter, a first attenuator, a quantum random number generator based on phase noise, a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating, a quantum random number generator based on photon detection, and a quantum random number generator based on single photon time resolution characteristics; The pulse laser is used to emit pulse laser with adjustable pulse repetition frequency; The beam splitter is used to split the pulse laser into two beams, and the beam splitter includes a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter and a third beam splitter; The first beam splitter is used to split the pulse laser into two beams, namely a first pulse laser and a second pulse laser; The phase noise-based quantum random number generator is used to generate a first quantum random number according to the first pulse laser; The second beam splitter is used to split the second pulse laser into two beams, namely a third pulse laser and a fourth pulse laser; The vacuum floating-based quantum random number generator is used to generate a second quantum random number according to the third pulse laser; The first attenuator is used to attenuate the fourth pulse laser according to a preset number of photons; The third beam splitter is used to split the attenuated fourth pulse laser into two beams, namely a fifth pulse laser and a sixth pulse laser; The quantum random number generator based on photon detection is used to generate a third quantum random number according to the fifth pulse laser; The quantum random number generator based on the single-photon time resolution characteristic is used to generate a fourth quantum random number according to the sixth pulse laser; The random number supervision unit is used to receive and store the quantum random number sent by the quantum random number generator unit, and receive the random number request sent by the random number demand unit, and send the corresponding quantum random number to the random number demand unit according to the random number request, wherein the quantum random number includes the first quantum random number, the second quantum random number, the third quantum random number and the fourth quantum random number; The random number request unit is used to send the random number request to the random number supervision unit, and receive the quantum random number from the random number supervision unit; Wherein, the quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating includes: a fifth beam splitter, a second attenuator, a homodyne detector, a second analog-to-digital converter and a second post-processing module; The fifth beam splitter is used to split the third pulse laser into a plurality of beams of third sub-pulse lasers, and the number of the beams of the third sub-pulse lasers is adapted to the number of the second attenuators; The second attenuator is used to attenuate the third sub-pulse laser so that the average photon number of the attenuated third sub-pulse laser is a preset first photon number; The homodyne detector is used to measure the attenuated third sub-pulse laser and generate a second analog electrical signal according to the measurement result; The second analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal; The second post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the second digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a second quantum random number.

2. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase noise-based quantum random number generator comprises: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a fourth beam splitter, an optical fiber delay line, a multiplexer, an interferometer, a photodetector, a first analog-to-digital converter and a first post-processing module; The erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to amplify the signal of the first pulse laser and introduce spontaneous emission noise into the first pulse laser to increase the phase noise of the first pulse laser; The fourth beam splitter is used to split the amplified first pulse laser into a plurality of first sub-pulse laser beams, and the beam quantity of the first sub-pulse laser beams is adapted to the number of the optical fiber delay lines; The optical fiber delay line is used to adjust the phase of the first sub-pulse laser so that the phases of the plurality of first sub-pulse lasers are different; The multiplexer is used to select two beams from a plurality of beams of the first sub-pulse lasers as interference lasers according to an external input instruction; The interferometer is used to interfere the interference laser to generate a noise signal; The photodetector is used to read the noise signal and convert it into a first analog electrical signal; The first analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal; The first post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the first digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a first quantum random number.

3. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth beam splitter includes three sub-beam splitters, and is configured to split the first pulse laser into four beams of the first sub-pulse laser.

4. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth beam splitter is provided with two input ports and two output ports, which are respectively a first input port, a second input port, a first output port and a second output port, wherein the first input port is a vacuum state input port, and the second input port is an input port of the third pulsed laser; The fifth beam splitter is used to interfere the vacuum state with the third pulse laser, and output the third sub-pulse laser through the first output port and the second output port respectively.

5. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum random number generator based on photon detection includes a third attenuator, a photon detector, a third analog-to-digital converter and a third post-processing module; The third attenuator is used to attenuate the fifth pulse laser so that the average photon number of the attenuated fifth pulse laser is a preset second photon number; The photon detector is used to perform photon detection on the attenuated fifth pulse laser and generate a third analog electrical signal according to the detection result, wherein the detector includes an APD detector and a PNR detector; The third analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the third analog electrical signal into a third digital electrical signal; The third post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the third digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a third quantum random number.

6. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum random number generator based on the single-photon time resolution characteristic comprises: a fourth attenuator, a signal generator, a signal delay device, a single-photon detector, a fourth analog-to-digital converter and a fourth post-processing module; The fourth attenuator is used to attenuate the sixth pulse laser so that the average photon number of the attenuated sixth pulse laser is a preset third photon number; The signal generator is used to control the pulse frequency of the pulse laser and generate a gating signal for the single photon detector; The signal delay device is used to delay the gate signal and send the delayed gate signal to the single photon detector; The single-photon detector is used to measure the attenuated fifth pulse laser within the coherence time, so that the single photon randomly collapses into any measurement, and generates a fourth analog electrical signal according to the response time of the collapse; The fourth analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the fourth analog electrical signal into a fourth digital electrical signal; The fourth post-processing module is used to extract quantum random source information from the fourth digital electrical signal according to a preset algorithm to generate a fourth quantum random number.

7. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The random number supervision unit comprises: A status monitoring unit, a monitoring management unit, a client and a random number cluster connected in sequence; The state monitoring unit is connected to the quantum random number generator unit, and is used to monitor the working state of the quantum random number generator unit, generate monitoring data, and send the monitoring data to the monitoring management unit; The monitoring management unit is used to receive and store the monitoring data, receive a random number request sent by the client, and compare the monitoring data with the random number request to generate feedback information; The client is connected to the random number demand unit, and is used to receive the random number request sent by the random number demand unit, and send the random number request to the random number cluster, and receive the quantum random number sent by the random number cluster, and send the quantum random number to the random number demand unit; The random number cluster is connected to the quantum random number generator unit, and is used to receive and store the quantum random number sent by the quantum random number generator unit, and send the corresponding quantum random number to the client according to the random number request sent by the client.

8. The quantum random number management system based on a single light source according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring management unit is further used to generate a state adjustment instruction according to the feedback information, and send the state adjustment instruction to the state monitoring unit; The state monitoring unit is further used to send the received state adjustment instruction to the quantum random number generator unit, so that the quantum random number generator unit adjusts the working state according to the state adjustment instruction.

9. A quantum random number management method based on a single light source, the method being applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The pulse laser emits pulse laser with adjustable pulse repetition frequency; Splitting the pulsed laser into two beams through a first beam splitter to obtain a first pulsed laser and a second pulsed laser; Inputting the first pulsed laser into a phase noise-based quantum random number generator to generate a first quantum random number; Splitting the second pulse laser into two beams by a second beam splitter to obtain a third pulse laser and a fourth pulse laser; Inputting the third pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on vacuum floating to generate a second quantum random number; Attenuating the fourth pulse laser according to a preset number of photons by a first attenuator, and splitting the attenuated fourth pulse laser into two beams by a third beam splitter to obtain a fifth pulse laser and a sixth pulse laser; Inputting the fifth pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on photon detection to generate a third quantum random number, and inputting the sixth pulse laser into a quantum random number generator based on single-photon time resolution characteristics to generate a fourth quantum random number; The quantum random number generator unit sends the generated quantum random number to the random number supervision unit; The random number request unit sends the random number request to the random number supervision unit; The random number supervision unit receives and stores the quantum random number and the random number request, and selects a corresponding quantum random number from the quantum random numbers according to the random number request and sends it to the random number demand unit.

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