Slope protection structure for tunnel entrance with lateral pressure

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a slope protection structure for the tunnel entrance in the layer bias pressure, which relates to the technical field of slope protection nets. The first support assembly and the second support assembly are provided with storage bins, and the inner cavity of the storage bins is provided with a rotating assembly, and an energy dissipation assembly is provided between the outer surface of the rotating assembly and the side wall of the first connecting block. At the same time, the outer surface of the rotating assembly located in the inner cavity of the first support assembly and the second support assembly is wrapped with a second protection net and a third protection net. After the first protection net is impacted by force, the energy dissipation assembly and the second protection net can achieve a secondary protection effect, thereby solving the above-mentioned defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope protection nets, in particular to a slope protection structure for a tunnel opening along a layer bias pressure. Background Art

[0002] The biased tunnel is formed due to asymmetric terrain or geological rock factors, which causes asymmetric loads on both sides of the tunnel structure. When the tunnel entrance is located on an unstable hillside with poor terrain conditions and the soil thickness on both sides of the tunnel top is seriously inconsistent, it is a biased phenomenon. If not handled properly, the tunnel may rupture and collapse in severe cases. Therefore, in the slope protection of the biased tunnel, it is necessary to protect it through its passive protection net, so that the stones rolling down the slope surface can be protected by the protection net.

[0003] In the prior art (Chinese invention patent application with application number CN201420503041.8 and patent name Easy-to-repair flexible passive protection net), the support rope is fixed to the four shackles at the top and bottom of the steel column, the metal mesh is connected to the metal mesh via the shackles, the steel column is hinged on the pin of the U-shaped plate on the anchor plate, the anchor rope is fixed to the top plate of the steel column, and the other end is connected to one end of the energy dissipation device via the shackle, and the other end of the energy dissipation device is connected to the anchor rod via the shackle. The energy dissipation device is composed of more than one crossed circular rings, and both outer ends are wire rope ends. In the process of implementing this technical solution, the inventor found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0004] Because the protective metal mesh needs to partially dissipate the impact of falling rocks through energy dissipation devices during protection, thereby increasing the number of times the metal mesh can be used for protection. However, in the protection of eccentric slopes, due to the terrain, when the falling rocks roll down, there may be a phenomenon of multiple falling rocks rolling down together. Each time multiple falling rocks impact one group of metal meshes, the protective effect of the metal mesh will be greatly reduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a layer-biased tunnel portal slope protection structure, which improves the protection effect of a single set of metal meshes.

[0006] The present invention provides a slope protection structure for a tunnel entrance in a layer-biased pressure tunnel, comprising a first support assembly, a protection assembly and a second support assembly, wherein the first support assembly and the second support assembly are arranged opposite to each other, and the first support assembly and the second support assembly are connected by the protection assembly, and the protection assembly comprises a first connection block and a second connection block fixedly connected at both ends, and the first connection block and the second connection block are respectively attached to the surfaces of the first support assembly and the second support assembly;

[0007] A storage bin is provided in the first support assembly and the second support assembly, a rotating assembly is provided in the inner cavity of the storage bin, an energy dissipation assembly is provided between the outer surface of the rotating assembly and the side wall of the first connecting block, and a second protective net and a third protective net are wrapped around the outer surface of the rotating assembly located in the inner cavity of the first support assembly and the second support assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the first supporting assembly includes a first column and a groove opened on the surface of the first column, and the inner cavity of the first column is a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the first column is provided with a partition plate, wherein the hollow inner cavity of the first column is separated into a storage bin by the partition plate, the rotating assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage bin, and the protective assembly includes a first protective net connected between the first connecting block and the second connecting block.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating component includes a rotating shaft extending from the bottom surface to the top surface of the storage bin, the outer surface of the second protective net is attached to the outer surface of the rotating shaft and is wrapped and rolled up, and friction wheels are arranged at the upper and lower positions of the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the outer surface of the friction wheel is sleeved with an energy dissipation component.

[0010] Furthermore, the front side of the groove penetrates through the inner cavity of the storage bin and is provided with a clamping hole for one end of the energy dissipation component to pass through. The energy dissipation component includes a clamping column with one end passing through the inner cavity of the clamping hole. A pull rod is provided at the end of the clamping column in the groove, and a break is provided at the connection between the pull rod and the clamping column. A friction ring that is sleeved on the outer surface of the friction wheel is provided at the other end of the clamping column. A limiting plate is relatively provided on the inner cavity wall of the clamping hole, and a limiting groove is provided on the outer surface of the clamping column.

[0011] Furthermore, a stretching opening is provided on one side of the outer surface of the first column and penetrates through the inner cavity of the storage bin, and a first rotating plate and a second rotating plate are provided at one end of the second protective net located in the inner cavity of the stretching opening, and the ends of the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are connected by pin connection, and a third rotating plate and a fourth rotating plate are provided at one end of the third protective net, and a first steel cable hole and a second steel cable hole are respectively penetrated on one side of the outer surface of the first rotating plate and the fourth rotating plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a first steel cable is provided on the back side of the first connecting block, one end of which passes through the first steel cable hole and is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fourth rotating plate; a second steel cable is provided on the back side of the second connecting block, one end of which passes through the second steel cable hole and is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the first rotating plate.

[0013] Furthermore, pulley assemblies are respectively disposed in the inner cavities of the first supporting assembly and the second supporting assembly, and the first steel cable and the second steel cable are respectively attached to the outer surfaces of the pulley assemblies.

[0014] Furthermore, a plug hole is formed through one side of the outer surface of the second rotating plate, and a buckle assembly is provided on the front side of the third rotating plate opposite to the second rotating plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a bottom rod is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the friction ring, a sliding groove is provided on the front side of the bottom rod, a rack is provided in the inner cavity of the sliding groove, a spring is provided between one end of the rack and the inner cavity of the sliding groove, and a toothed plate is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the second supporting assembly includes a second column opposite to the first column, and the ends of the first column and the second column are pin-connected with an anchoring assembly.

[0017] The embodiment of the present invention provides a slope protection structure for the tunnel entrance in the layer-biased pressure. When rocks fall on the biased slope, the rocks can be first intercepted and protected by the first protection net. After the impact force of the rocks is greater than the strength of the fracture, the clamping column can be clamped in the inner cavity of the clamping hole at the moment when the pull rod and the clamping column break. At the same time, the inner ring wall of the friction ring can fit the outer surface of the friction wheel, so that the energy consumption of the rotation of the friction wheel can be offset. As the first protection net drives the first connecting block and the second connecting block at both ends respectively, the first steel cable and the second steel cable are stretched in opposite directions, so that the second protection net and one end of the third protection net can move toward the middle at the same time. The second protective net and the third protective net are stretched to form a secondary protection effect, thereby preventing multiple groups of falling rocks from impacting the same group of first protective nets. The secondary protection formed by the stretching of the second protective net and the third protective net can improve the protection effect. At the same time, after the clamping column is clamped in the inner cavity of the clamping hole through the pull rod, its rotating shaft rotates through the second protective net. After the rotating shaft rotates, the tooth plate arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft can be intermittently meshed with the rack. After the friction ring and the friction wheel are loosened, the tooth plate intermittently pushes the rack, so that the friction ring can also intermittently fit with the friction wheel to dissipate energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first column structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top of the first column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the second protective net and the rotating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft and the friction ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connecting block and the second connecting block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.10 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged structural diagram at D in the middle.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the top plan structure of the second protective net according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Icons: 1-first support assembly; 11-first column; 111-storage bin; 112-partition plate; 113-stretching port; 12-groove; 121-clamping hole; 122-limiting plate; 13-pulley assembly; 14-rotating assembly; 141-rotating shaft; 142-friction wheel; 143-tooth plate; 15-second protection net; 151-first rotating plate; 152-second rotating plate; 153-plug-in hole; 154-first steel cable hole; 2-protection assembly; 21-first protection net; 22-first Connecting block; 221-first steel cable; 23-energy dissipation assembly; 231-pull rod; 232-break; 233-clamping column; 234-friction ring; 235-bottom rod; 236-sliding groove; 237-rack; 238-spring; 239-limiting groove; 3-second supporting assembly; 31-second column; 32-second connecting block; 33-second steel cable; 34-third rotating plate; 35-fourth rotating plate; 36-buckle assembly; 37-third protective net; 38-second steel cable hole; 4-anchoring assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Since the metal mesh for protection needs to partially dissipate the impact of falling rocks through energy dissipation devices during protection, thereby increasing the number of times the metal mesh can be used for protection, in the biased slope protection, due to the terrain, when the falling rocks roll down, they may be accompanied by multiple falling rocks, and each time multiple falling rocks impact one group of metal meshes, the protective effect of the metal mesh will be greatly reduced. Therefore, after research, the inventor provides a layer-by-layer biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure, which can achieve the effect of secondary protection through the energy dissipation component 23 and the second protection net 15 after the first protection net 21 is impacted, thereby solving the above-mentioned defects.

[0032] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a layer-biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure, comprising a first support assembly 1, a protection assembly 2, a second support assembly 3, and an anchor assembly 4 at the ends of the first support assembly 1 and the second support assembly 3 connected by pinning, wherein the bottom surface of the anchor assembly 4 is fixedly connected to the biased slope, and the opposing surfaces of the first support assembly 1 and the second support assembly 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the protection assembly 2, so when falling rocks appear on the slope, the falling rocks can be protected by the protection assembly 2.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1-2 The first support assembly 1 includes a first column 11 whose end can be pinned to the top of the anchor assembly 4, and the first support assembly 1 also includes a second column 31 that can be pinned to the top of the anchor assembly 4. The first column 11 and the second column 31 are arranged opposite to each other, thereby forming the same width as the protection assembly 2, thereby facilitating the connection of the protection assembly 2 with the first column 11 and the second column 31. The protection assembly 2 includes a first protection net 21 that is mutually woven and wound to protect against falling rocks, and the two ends of the first protection net 21 are respectively connected to the side walls of the first column 11 and the second column 31.

[0035] Grooves 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the front of the first column 11 and the second column 31 away from the impact of falling rocks on the slope, and the front sides of the grooves 12 provided with the first column 11 and the second column 31 are provided with first connecting blocks 22 and second connecting blocks 32 which can move according to the breakage caused by the impact of falling rocks, and the two ends of the first protective net 21 are respectively welded to its side walls through the relative side walls of the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 32.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3-4The inner cavity of the first column 11 is arranged in a hollow structure, and a partition plate 112 is fixedly arranged between the center of the inner cavity of the first column 11 and the bottom surface and the top surface. The partition plate 112 is arranged opposite to the length direction of the first column 11 in parallel. A pair of storage bins 111 are separated in the inner cavity of the first column 11 by the partition plate 112. At the same time, a rotatable rotating component 14 is arranged between the bottom surface and the top surface of the inner cavity of the storage bin 111, and the outer surface of the rotating component 14 is provided with a second protective net 15 in a winding manner. At the same time, energy dissipation components 23 are respectively sleeved at the upper and lower opposite positions of the outer surface of the rotating component 14.

[0037] A clamping hole 121 is provided on the surface of the groove 12 that passes through the inner cavity of the storage bin 111 and can be used to clamp and limit the energy dissipation component 23. One end of the energy dissipation component 23 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first connecting block 22. Therefore, after the first connecting block 22 is impacted and moved, the energy dissipation component 23 can be pulled to move together, so that the energy dissipation component 23 can rotate and dissipate energy of the rotating component 14. The rotating component 14 includes a rotating shaft 141 that is rotatable and located in the inner cavity of the storage bin 111, and the middle of the surface of the second protective net 15 is attached to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 141, and then wrapped around the surface of the rotating shaft 141. At the same time, one end of the second protective net 15 after being wrapped passes through the side wall of the storage bin 111 and is fixedly connected to the surface of the first connecting block 22. Therefore, after the first connecting block 22 moves, the rotating shaft 141 can be driven to rotate together through the second protective net 15. A friction wheel 142 is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 141 located in the inner cavity of the energy dissipation component 23.

[0038] The energy dissipation component 23 includes a friction ring 234 that is coaxial with the friction wheel 142 and can be sleeved on the outer surface of the friction wheel 142, and the front of the friction ring 234 is provided with a clamping column 233 that can penetrate and be inserted into the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121, and the clamping column 233 and the clamping hole 121 are arranged in a conical structure. Through the conical structure, it is convenient for the clamping column 233 to be inserted into the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121, that is, it can form a close fit with each other. At the same time, a pull rod 231 is fixedly connected between one end of the clamping column 233 and the outer surface of the first connecting block 22, and a triangular-shaped fracture 232 is formed between the pull rod 231 and the clamping column 233, and the depth and width of the fracture 232 can be adjusted.

[0039] After falling rocks from the slope hit the first protective net 21, the impact force on the first protective net 21 is greater than the strength of its fracture 232, and then under the action of the impact pulling force, a break may occur between the pull rod 231 and the clamping column 233, and then the first protective net 21 can rotate through the first connecting block 22 and the second protective net 15, so that the rotating shaft 141 can rotate, and at the same time, when the fracture 232 breaks, the clamping column 233 can be inserted into the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121, and then the inner ring wall of the friction ring 234 can rub against the outer surface of the friction wheel 142, thereby offsetting the impact force of the falling rocks.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 5 Horizontal limiting grooves 239 are provided on both sides of the outer surface of the clamping column 233, and the inner wall of the clamping hole 121 for the clamping column 233 to be inserted is provided with a limiting plate 122 with one end slidably engaged in the inner cavity of the limiting groove 239. The movable clamping column 233 can be horizontally limited by the limiting groove 239 and the limiting plate 122, thereby preventing the phenomenon of movement deviation during its movement.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 10-11 A stretching opening 113 communicating with the storage bin 111 is provided in the width direction of the first column 11, and the other end of the second protection net 15 wound around the outer surface of the rotating shaft 141 is located at the opening of the stretching opening 113. A first rotating plate 151 is provided on the side wall of one end of the second protection net 15 located at the opening of the stretching opening 113 from top to bottom. The first rotating plates 151 are equidistantly distributed on the side wall of the second protection net 15, and second rotating plates 152 are pinned between adjacent first rotating plates 151. Through the adjacent pinned first rotating plates 151 and second rotating plates 152, the first rotating plates 151 and the second rotating plates 152 can be deformed together with the second protection net 15 when the second protection net 15 is bent and deformed. A first steel cable hole 154 is provided through one side of the outer surface of the first rotating plate 151 located at the upper and lower ends of the second protection net 15.

[0042] A third protective net 37 is provided in the inner cavity of the second column 31, and one end of the third protective net 37 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second connecting block 32, and the other end side wall of the third protective net 37 is provided with a third rotating plate 34 and a fourth rotating plate 35 opposite to the first rotating plate 151 and the second rotating plate 152, and a second steel cable hole 38 is penetrated on one side of the outer surface of the fourth rotating plate 35 located at the upper and lower ends of the third protective net 37.

[0043] A first steel cable 221 is fixedly provided on the back of the first connecting block 22, and the end of the first steel cable 221 passes through the storage bin 111 and the first steel cable hole 154 in sequence, and the end after passing through is fixedly connected to the front of the fourth rotating plate 35, while a second steel cable 33 is fixedly provided on the back of the second connecting block 32, and the end of the second steel cable 33 also passes through the second steel cable hole 38 and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating plate 151, and a pulley assembly 13 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the inner cavity of the storage bin 111, and the first steel cable hole 154 is moved in contact with the pulley assembly 13, thereby preventing the first steel cable hole 154 from being worn after being stretched and moved.

[0044] When rocks fall on the biased slope, the rocks can be first intercepted and protected by the first protection net 21. After the impact force of the rocks is greater than the strength of the fracture 232, the moment the pull rod 231 and the clamping column 233 break, the clamping column 233 can be clamped in the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121. At the same time, the inner ring wall of the friction ring 234 can fit the outer surface of the friction wheel 142, thereby offsetting the energy consumption of the rotation of the friction wheel 142. As the first protection net 21 drives the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 32 at both ends respectively, the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 32 also pull the second protection net 15 while moving. As the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 drive the friction wheel 142 to rotate, the length of the second protective net 15 in the inner cavity of the stretching port 113 can also be lengthened, and then the first steel cable 221 and the second steel cable 33 are stretched in opposite directions, so that one end of the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 can move toward the middle at the same time, so that the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 are stretched to form a secondary protection effect, thereby preventing multiple groups of falling rocks from impacting the same group of first protective nets 21. The secondary protection formed by the stretching of the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 can improve the protection effect.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 and Fig.10 A plug hole 153 is provided on one side of the outer surface of the second rotating plate 152, and the plug hole 153 is in a rectangular structure. A buckle component 36 having one end that can be snapped into the inner cavity of the plug hole 153 is provided on the front side of the third rotating plate 34 vertically opposite to the second rotating plate 152. After the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 are stretched and fitted together by the first steel cable 221 and the second steel cable 33, one end of the buckle component 36 can be inserted into the inner cavity of the plug hole 153, thereby achieving a limit locking effect, so that the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 can be spliced ​​together. Subsequently, when the second protective net 15 and the third protective net 37 are used for secondary protection, the weight of the falling rocks on the upper end of the first protective net 21 can reversely become a counterweight buffer for secondary protection.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 A bottom rod 235 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the friction ring 234 along the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 141, and a sliding groove 236 is opened on the front side of the bottom rod 235 facing the inner cavity, and a rack 237 that can move along the inner cavity is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the sliding groove 236, and a spring 238 is fixedly arranged between the end face of the rack 237 and the bottom surface of the inner cavity wall of the sliding groove 236, and a tooth plate 143 with the same height as the rack 237 is arranged on one side of the outer surface of the rotating shaft 141.

[0047] After the clamping column 233 is clamped in the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121 through the pull rod 231, its rotating shaft 141 is rotated through the second protective net 15. After the rotating shaft 141 is rotated, the tooth plate 143 set on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 141 can be intermittently meshed and connected with the rack 237. After the friction ring 234 and the friction wheel 142 are loose, after the tooth plate 143 intermittently pushes the rack 237, the friction ring 234 can also intermittently fit with the friction wheel 142 to dissipate energy.

[0048] In summary, in the layer-coordinated biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure of the embodiment of the present invention, when rocks fall on the biased slope, the rocks can be first intercepted and protected by the first protection net 21. After the impact force of the falling rocks is greater than the strength of the fracture 232, the moment the pull rod 231 and the clamping column 233 are broken, the clamping column 233 can be clamped in the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121. At the same time, the inner ring wall of the friction ring 234 can fit the outer surface of the friction wheel 142, so as to offset the energy consumption of the rotation of the friction wheel 142. As the first protection net 21 drives the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 32 at both ends respectively, the first steel cable 221 and the second steel cable 33 are stretched in opposite directions, so that the second protection net 15 and one end of the third protection net 37 can move toward the middle at the same time, so that the second protection net 15 and the third protection net 37 are stretched to form a secondary protection effect, thereby preventing multiple groups of falling rocks from impacting the same group of first protection nets 21. The secondary protection formed by the stretching of the second protection net 15 and the third protection net 37 can improve the protection effect. At the same time, after the clamping column 233 is clamped in the inner cavity of the clamping hole 121 through the pull rod 231, its rotating shaft 141 is rotated through the second protection net 15. After the rotating shaft 141 is rotated, the tooth plate 143 set on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 141 can be intermittently meshed and connected with the rack 237. After the friction ring 234 and the friction wheel 142 are loosened, after the tooth plate 143 intermittently pushes the rack 237, the friction ring 234 can also intermittently fit with the friction wheel 142 to dissipate energy.

[0049] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bedding biased tunnel portal slope protection structure, comprising a first support assembly (1), a protection assembly (2) and a second support assembly (3), wherein the first support assembly (1) and the second support assembly (3) are arranged opposite to each other, and the first support assembly (1) and the second support assembly (3) are connected via the protection assembly (2), characterized in that: The protection component (2) comprises a first connection block (22) and a second connection block (32) which are fixedly connected at both ends, and the first connection block (22) and the second connection block (32) are respectively attached to the surfaces of the first support component (1) and the second support component (3); A storage bin (111) is provided inside the first support assembly (1) and the second support assembly (3), a rotating assembly (14) is provided in the inner cavity of the storage bin (111), an energy dissipation assembly (23) is provided between the outer surface of the rotating assembly (14) and the side wall of the first connecting block (22), and a second protective net (15) and a third protective net (37) are wound around the outer surface of the rotating assembly (14) located in the inner cavity of the first support assembly (1) and the second support assembly (3).

2. The layer-biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first support component (1) comprises a first column (11) and a groove (12) formed on the surface of the first column (11), and the inner cavity of the first column (11) is a hollow structure. The inner cavity of the first column (11) is provided with a partition plate (112), wherein the hollow inner cavity of the first column (11) is separated into a storage bin (111) by the partition plate (112), and the rotating component (14) is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage bin (111). The protective component (2) comprises a first protective net (21) connected between a first connecting block (22) and a second connecting block (32).

3. The layer-biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating assembly (14) comprises a rotating shaft (141) extending from the bottom surface to the top surface of the storage bin (111), the outer surface of the second protective net (15) being attached to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (141) and being wound and rolled up, and friction wheels (142) being arranged at upper and lower positions opposite to each other on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (141), and the outer surface of the friction wheel (142) being sleeved with an energy dissipation assembly (23).

4. The layer-by-layer biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The front side of the groove (12) penetrates through the inner cavity of the storage bin (111) and is provided with a clamping hole (121) for one end of the energy dissipation component (23) to penetrate through. The energy dissipation component (23) comprises a clamping column (233) with one end penetrating through the inner cavity of the clamping hole (121). A pull rod (231) is provided at the end of the clamping column (233) located in the groove (12). A break (232) is provided at the connection between the pull rod (231) and the clamping column (233). A friction ring (234) sleeved on the outer surface of the friction wheel (142) is provided at the other end of the clamping column (233). A limiting plate (122) is provided relative to the inner cavity wall of the clamping hole (121), and a limiting groove (239) is provided on the outer surface of the clamping column (233).

5. The layer-biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: One side of the outer surface of the first column (11) penetrates through the inner cavity of the storage bin (111) to form a stretching opening (113); one end of the second protective net (15) located in the inner cavity of the stretching opening (113) is provided with a first rotating plate (151) and a second rotating plate (152), and the ends of the first rotating plate (151) and the second rotating plate (152) are connected by pin connection; one end of the third protective net (37) is provided with a third rotating plate (34) and a fourth rotating plate (35); one side of the outer surface of the first rotating plate (151) and the fourth rotating plate (35) penetrate through a first steel cable hole (154) and a second steel cable hole (38), respectively.

6. The layer-biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A first steel cable (221) is provided on the back of the first connecting block (22), one end of the first steel cable (221) passes through the first steel cable hole (154) and is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fourth rotating plate (35); a second steel cable (33) is provided on the back of the second connecting block (32), one end of the second steel cable (33) passes through the second steel cable hole (38) and is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the first rotating plate (151).

7. The layer-by-layer biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The inner cavities of the first support assembly (1) and the second support assembly (3) are respectively provided with pulley assemblies (13), and the first steel cable (221) and the second steel cable (33) are respectively attached to the outer surfaces of the pulley assemblies (13).

8. The layer-by-layer biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A plug hole (153) is provided through one side of the outer surface of the second rotating plate (152), and a buckle assembly (36) is provided on the front side of the third rotating plate (34) opposite to the second rotating plate (152).

9. The layer-coordinated bias-pressure tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A bottom rod (235) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the friction ring (234), a sliding groove (236) is provided on the front surface of the bottom rod (235), a rack (237) is provided in the inner cavity of the sliding groove (236), a spring (238) is provided between one end of the rack (237) and the inner cavity of the sliding groove (236), and a toothed plate (143) is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (141).

10. The layer-biased tunnel entrance slope protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second support assembly (3) comprises a second column (31) opposite to the first column (11), and an anchor assembly (4) is provided at the ends of the first column (11) and the second column (31) by pin connection.

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