Continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermentation machine

Abstract

The application discloses a continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermentation machine, which comprises a rectangular box body, a feeding mechanism arranged at the top of one side of the box body, a discharging port arranged at the bottom of the box body, a plurality of conveying mechanisms arranged in the inner cavity of the box body and capable of conveying materials back and forth, a plurality of air inlets uniformly distributed below the material beds of the conveying mechanisms, and a plurality of air outlets uniformly distributed at the top of the box body. The feeding end of the top conveying mechanism is located below the feeding mechanism, the feeding end of the next conveying mechanism is connected with the discharging port of the previous conveying mechanism, and the discharging port is connected with the discharging port of the bottom conveying mechanism. The feeding end of each conveying mechanism is provided with a material turning mechanism, and the feeding end of the top conveying mechanism is provided with a material spreading mechanism for flattening the top of the material layer. The discharging end of each conveying mechanism is provided with a discharging end sealing baffle, and the lower edge of each discharging end sealing baffle is curved towards the material advancing direction and is attached to the top of the material layer. The fermentation machine can reduce the configuration of subsequent processes, has stable product quality, high yield and low energy consumption per unit of product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-capacity continuous fermenter, and more particularly to a continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter, belonging to the field of intelligent fermentation equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] There are many types of solid-state fermentation equipment both domestically and internationally, but none of them can operate under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions with high material levels. Traditional conveying methods cannot achieve high-volume, high-material-level conveying, and the conveying mechanisms are subject to high stress, making them particularly unsuitable for handling viscous materials during fermentation. Currently, the mainstream solid-state fermentation equipment on the market includes low-bed aerobic fermenters, disc anaerobic fermenters, disc aerobic fermenters, rectangular bed anaerobic fermenters, and rectangular bed aerobic fermenters.

[0003] The drive, turning, and conveyor mechanisms of low-bed aerobic fermenters are only suitable for conditions with low, narrow, and short material layers. The material layer height is typically only 300-400mm, the width is 2-3m, and the length usually does not exceed 20m, making high-volume fermentation impossible. Since fermentation must reach a rated duration, the thickness of the material layer and the size of the bed determine the output. Forcibly increasing the material layer size and height leads to increased load, excessively high failure rates, high maintenance costs, and serious impacts on production line stability. Secondly, it is impossible to achieve uniform airflow and fermentation temperature during aerobic fermentation; it is impossible to monitor material temperature changes; air leakage and short circuits exist in each layer, resulting in uneven fermentation; and maintenance is extremely inconvenient.

[0004] Disc anaerobic fermenters cannot achieve continuous fermentation, only batch fermentation, which leads to larger requirements for subsequent equipment, significantly increases the energy consumption of the entire production line, and results in poor economic efficiency; they also cannot achieve first-in, first-out (FIFO) operation. Furthermore, they cannot achieve aerobic fermentation and require a sealing cap mechanism, resulting in a complex overall structure and high maintenance costs.

[0005] Disc-type aerobic fermenters cannot achieve continuous fermentation, only batch fermentation. This leads to larger requirements for subsequent equipment, high energy consumption, and poor economic efficiency; they also cannot achieve first-in, first-out (FIFO) operation. During aerobic fermentation, the material layer is low, resulting in low output; during turning, the material does not have complete contact with air, leading to uneven fermentation. Disc-type fermentation equipment feeds material from the bottom up and discharges from the top to the bottom; for materials with short fermentation cycles, the discharge time accounts for a relatively long proportion of the entire fermentation cycle, affecting the quality of fermentation.

[0006] Rectangular bed anaerobic fermentation machines have high civil engineering investment, many dead corners, and cannot achieve continuous production; the conveying distance is long, the energy consumption of feeding and conveying is high, and it is difficult to discharge when the material viscosity is high.

[0007] Rectangular bed aerobic fermenters use a two-layer design with air ducts, resulting in high civil engineering costs; the air ducts are prone to dust and mold accumulation and are difficult to clean; moreover, the equipment has many dead corners, making continuous production impossible; the energy consumption of feeding and conveying is high, and discharging is difficult when the material viscosity is high. The feeder, dischargeer, and turning machine of rectangular bed fermenters are independent, and all supporting controls are not interchangeable, resulting in a large footprint.

[0008] Most of the above-mentioned equipment cannot achieve continuous fermentation, and very few can achieve small-scale continuous fermentation. Anaerobic and aerobic fermentation are not compatible on the same equipment. Existing small continuous chain plate fermenters have excessive tension in the drive mechanism, which cannot bear the material height of more than 500mm. During operation, either the chain plate breaks or the shaft breaks, and the drive problem cannot be solved. When the screen plate is too wide, it sinks in the middle. When encountering slightly sticky materials, it is impossible to turn the material, and aerobic fermentation cannot be carried out. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and provide a continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter that can achieve continuous fermentation, reduce the configuration of subsequent processes, and easily switch between aerobic and anaerobic fermentation. The quality of fermented products is stable, which can greatly increase fermentation output and reduce energy consumption per unit product.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter of the present invention includes a rectangular box. A feeding mechanism is provided on the top of one side of the rectangular box, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the rectangular box. The inner cavity of the rectangular box is provided with a multi-layer reciprocating conveying mechanism. Multiple air inlets are evenly distributed below the material bed of each layer of the conveying mechanism, and multiple air outlets are evenly distributed on the top of the rectangular box. The feeding end of the top layer conveying mechanism is located below the feeding mechanism, the feeding end of the next layer conveying mechanism receives the discharge of the previous layer conveying mechanism, and the discharge port receives the discharge of the bottom layer conveying mechanism. Each layer conveying mechanism has a turning mechanism at its feeding end, and the top layer conveying mechanism has a leveling mechanism to flatten the top of the material layer. Each layer conveying mechanism has a discharge end sealing baffle above its discharge end, and the lower edge of each discharge end sealing baffle is bent in the material forward direction and attached to the top of the material layer.

[0011] As an improvement of the present invention, each layer of the conveying mechanism includes a conveying head shaft and a conveying tail shaft. The two ends of the conveying head shaft are respectively equipped with head shaft sprockets, and the two outer ends of the conveying head shaft are synchronously driven by the main reducer. The two ends of the conveying tail shaft are respectively equipped with tail shaft sprockets. The head shaft sprocket and the tail shaft sprocket on the same side are connected to each other by a conveying chain. The material carried in each layer is conveyed from the conveying tail shaft to the conveying head shaft. The discharge end of each layer of the conveying mechanism is provided with an interlayer guide plate that envelops the material and guides the material to the next layer. The upper part of the interlayer guide plate is arc-shaped and coaxial with the corresponding head shaft. The lower part of the interlayer guide plate extends to the feed end of the next layer of the conveying mechanism and is biased to the outside of the feed end. The lower end of each interlayer guide plate is provided with a feed end sealing baffle. The lower edge of the feed end sealing baffle is bent in the material forward direction and attached to the top of the conveying mechanism.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the material turning mechanism includes multiple stirring shafts arranged along the width direction of the conveying mechanism. Each stirring shaft passes through the arc-shaped section at the top of the interlayer guide plate and is sealed by the shaft sealing mechanism. The lower end of each stirring shaft is provided with a material turning ribbon spiral. The upper end of each stirring shaft is driven by the output end of the material turning reducer. The input end of the material turning reducer is driven by the material turning motor.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a cleaning scraper mechanism is installed on the bottom plate of the rectangular box to scrape the material on the bottom plate toward the discharge port, and the cleaning scraper mechanism is located below the bottom conveying mechanism.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cleaning scraper mechanism includes a cleaning head shaft and a cleaning tail shaft. A cleaning drive sprocket is installed on the cleaning head shaft, and a cleaning driven sprocket is installed on the cleaning tail shaft. A cleaning chain wraps around the cleaning drive sprocket and the cleaning driven sprocket. Multiple cleaning scrapers are evenly arranged along the length of the cleaning chain. A tail cleaning arc is provided on the outer side of the cleaning tail shaft away from the discharge port, which encloses the outer periphery of the running trajectory of the cleaning scraper. A cleaning device is provided above the tail cleaning arc.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, each layer of the conveying mechanism is provided with a cleaning screw on its conveying tail shaft. The cleaning screw includes a forward screw and a reverse screw that discharge material to both shaft ends and are symmetrically arranged.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the discharge end of the bottom conveying mechanism is provided with a dispersing mechanism. The dispersing mechanism includes a dispersing shaft driven by a dispersing motor. Both ends of the dispersing shaft are supported on a rectangular box by dispersing bearing seats. Multiple dispersing rods are evenly inserted along the axial direction of the dispersing shaft. The dispersing rods are inserted and fixed along the diameter of the dispersing shaft and extend symmetrically. The axes of adjacent dispersing rods are perpendicular to each other. A dispersing head is welded to one free end of each dispersing rod. The dispersing head is a digging head, a cutting head, an oblique rake head, or a straight rake head. The digging head, cutting head, oblique rake head, or straight rake head extends along a spiral line at the free end of the dispersing rod. The distribution is periodic; the root of the cutting head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and the free end of the cutting head is provided with a cutter extending to one side; the root of the digging plate extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and the free end of the digging plate extends obliquely to the rotation section of the adjacent dispersing bar; the root of the inclined rake head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and the free end of the inclined rake head extends obliquely to the rotation section of the adjacent dispersing bar and has a rake plate welded to its end; the straight rake head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and rake supports are symmetrically welded to the two side walls near the free end of the straight rake head.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding mechanism extends along the full width of the rectangular box. An upward-opening feeding port is provided on one side of the top of the feeding mechanism, located in the middle of the fabric width of the feeding mechanism. Suction ports are provided on the outer sides of the two short sides of the feeding port. A dropping port extending along the full width of the fabric is provided on the other side of the bottom of the feeding mechanism. A feeding rotor extending along the full width of the fabric is provided below the feeding port. The feeding rotor includes a feeding shaft, on which feeding blades are symmetrically distributed along a spiral path, distributing material to both ends. One end of the feeding shaft is driven by a feeding motor. A downward-extending, arc-shaped distributing plate is connected to the vertical wall of the feeding port and encloses the bottom of the feeding rotor. The free end of the arc-shaped distributing plate is located above the dropping port and is arc-shaped, high in the middle and low at both ends. A flow plate extending towards the dropping port is provided below the arc-shaped distributing plate.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, a material distribution adjustment plate extending upward at the lower middle section of the free end of the material distribution arc plate is provided. A screw passes through the waist-shaped groove on the material distribution adjustment plate and fixes it to the lower part of the material distribution arc plate. The axis of the waist-shaped groove is parallel to the plane where the diameter of the feed shaft is located.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, a chain plate is provided between the two conveyor chains. Ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the chain plate. Multiple chain plate hinge ears are provided on the lower front and rear sides of the chain plate. The hinge ears of adjacent chain plates alternately engage and are hinged together on the chain plate long pins. Spacers are fitted at both ends of each chain plate long pin, and both ends are fixed to corresponding links of the two conveyor chains. The spacers are supported on the outer side of the chain plate between the chain plate and the conveyor chain. Long pin rollers are installed at both ends of some chain plate long pins, and the long pin rollers are fixed to the chain plate by bearings. The ends of the long pins are evenly spaced along the circumference of the conveyor chain; the bottoms of the long pin rollers of the upper chain links are supported on the upper chain rail, and the bottom of the upper chain rail is fixed to the upper rail base plate; the bottoms of the long pin rollers of the lower chain links are supported on the lower chain rail, and the bottom of the lower chain rail is fixed to the lower rail base plate; the outer edges of the upper rail base plate and the lower rail base plate are fixed to the inner wall of the box side wall plate; the inner edge of the lower rail base plate is connected to a downwardly extending material guide plate; the lower ends of the material guide plates on both sides are inclined towards each other and connected to the lower box side wall plate.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the side wall panels of each layer of the rectangular box are respectively in the form of concave and convex steps. The distance between the side wall panels on the lower two sides of the box is greater than the distance between the side wall panels on the upper two sides of the box. The material of each layer is located in the narrower upper part, and the conveying mechanism of each layer is located in the wider lower part. The lower edge of the upper inner wall of each layer of the box side wall panel is provided with a downwardly extending side sealing plate. The side sealing plate extends along the entire length of the rectangular box. The lower edges of the two side sealing plates of each layer are close to the two ends of the corresponding upper chain plate.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, roller support assemblies are symmetrically provided below the upper chain plate of the conveying mechanism along the conveying width direction. The roller support assembly includes a support roller. Short channel steel extending along the conveying direction is welded to the back of each chain plate at the position corresponding to the support roller. The top of the support roller is supported below the short channel steel, and the support surface of the short channel steel is flush with the lower edge of the hinge lug of the chain plate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, each support roller is located in the middle of the roller shaft, and the two ends of the roller shaft are supported on the upper part of the roller lugs. The bottom of the two roller lugs is welded to the roller slide. The roller slide is supported in the roller positioning seat. The front and rear sides of the roller positioning seat are raised and bent towards each other to form a roller positioning seat groove with an open top. The front and rear edges of the roller slide are embedded in the roller positioning seat groove.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner port of the roller positioning seat groove facing the axis of the conveying mechanism is provided with a positioning seat backing to close it. The inner edge of the roller slide abuts against the corresponding positioning seat backing. Two push rods are screwed to the lower part of the outer roller support. The two push rods extend outward in parallel along the conveying width direction. The outer ends of the two push rods pass through the light holes of the push rod fixing seat, and push rod nuts are screwed to the outer ends of the two push rods to lock them. The bottom of the push rod fixing seat is fixedly connected to the frame below the top chain plate. A side wall maintenance port is provided on the side wall panel of the box corresponding to the push rod fixing seat.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, a horizontal guide rail is provided between the push rod fixing seat and the roller positioning seat. The bottom of the horizontal guide rail is fixed on the frame. The bottom wall of the roller positioning seat has a notch in the middle for the inner end of the horizontal guide rail to be inserted and extend to the back of the positioning seat. The top of the horizontal guide rail has a tenon that fits into the groove at the bottom of the roller slide.

[0025] Compared to existing technologies, this invention achieves the following beneficial effects: it enables continuous fermentation, first-in-first-out (FIFO) operation, low equipment operating load, reduced requirements for downstream equipment configuration, balanced production line capacity, and cost savings. Each layer has excellent sealing, allowing for both aerobic and anaerobic fermentation with easy switching. The material layer thickness can reach over 1 meter, the bed width over 4 meters, and the bed length over 40 meters. The material bed capacity is 5-6 times that of traditional equipment, significantly reducing operating costs and unit product energy consumption, and decreasing carbon emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The drawings are provided for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a front view of the continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermentation machine of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The left view;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the feeding mechanism in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the feeding mechanism in this invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveying head shaft portion of the conveying mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of the long pin end of the middle link plate;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveying tail shaft portion of the conveying mechanism in this invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the end portion of the long pin of the chain plate in this invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the chain plate in this invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the tail shaft tensioning mechanism in this invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor tail shaft tensioning mechanism in this invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a front view of the disintegration mechanism in this invention;

[0039] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The left view;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the disintegration mechanism in this invention;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a perspective view of the roller support assembly in this invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Rectangular box; 1a. Box side wall panel; 1b. Discharge end sealing baffle; 1c. Interlayer guide plate; 1d. Inlet end sealing baffle; 1e. Air inlet; 1f. Air outlet; 1g. Upper chain rail; 1h. Upper rail base plate; 1i. Lower chain rail; 1j. Lower rail base plate; 1k. Discharge guide plate; 1m. Inclined baffle; 1n. Side sealing plate; 1p. Discharge port;

[0043] 2. Feeding mechanism; 2a. Feed inlet; 2b. Air inlet; 2c. Feeding shaft; 2d. Feeding paddle; 2e. Feeding motor; 2f. Distributing arc plate; 2g. Distributing adjusting plate; 2h. Flow plate; 2i. Drop outlet;

[0044] 3. Leveling mechanism;

[0045] 4. Conveying mechanism; 4a. Main reducer; 4b. Head shaft bearing housing; 4c. Conveying head shaft; 4c1. Head shaft sprocket; 4d. Conveying chain; 4e. Chain plate; 4e1. Chain plate hinge lug; 4e2. Short channel steel; 4f. Chain plate long pin; 4g. Spacer; 4h. Long pin roller; 4i. Conveying tail shaft; 4i1. Forward spiral; 4i2. Reverse spiral; 4j. Tensioning bearing housing; 4k. Sliding seat; 4k1. Sliding seat wall plate; 4m. Tail shaft seat plate; 4m1. Sliding seat sealing ring; 4n. Pad; 4p. Pressure plate; 4q. Tail end fixing bracket; 4r. Hydraulic cylinder; 4s. Tensioning rod;

[0046] 5. Roller support assembly; 5a. Support roller; 5b. Roller shaft; 5c. Roller lug; 5d. Roller slide; 5e. Roller positioning seat; 5f. Positioning seat backrest; 5g. Push rod; 5h. Push rod fixing seat; 5i. Push rod nut; 5j. Horizontal guide rail; 5j1. Tenon;

[0047] 6. Tilting mechanism; 6a. Tilting motor; 6b. Tilting reducer; 6c. Agitator shaft; 6d. Shaft sealing mechanism; 6e. Tilting ribbon spiral;

[0048] 7. Cleaning scraper mechanism; 7a. Cleaning head shaft; 7b. Cleaning chain; 7c. Cleaning scraper; 7d. Cleaning tail shaft; 7e. Tail cleaning arc; 7f. Cleaning device;

[0049] 8. Dispersing mechanism; 8a. Dispersing motor; 8b. Dispersing reducer; 8c. Dispersing shaft; 8d. Dispersing bearing housing; 8e. Dispersing rod; 8f. Cutting head; 8f1. Cutter; 8g. Digging head; 8h. Inclined rake head; 8h1. Rake plate; 8i. Straight rake head; 8i1. Rake support lug;

[0050] 9. Temperature measuring device; 10. Discharge auger. Detailed Implementation

[0051] In the following description of the present invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not mean that the device must have a specific orientation. In this document, the axis closer to the length direction of the rectangular box is referred to as "inner," and the axis farther from the length direction of the rectangular box is referred to as "outer."

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter of the present invention includes a rectangular box 1 supported by a frame. A feeding mechanism 2 is provided on the top of one side of the rectangular box 1. A multi-layer reciprocating conveying mechanism 4 is provided in the inner cavity of the rectangular box 1. A leveling mechanism 3 is provided at the feeding end of the top layer conveying mechanism to flatten the top of the material layer. The leveling mechanism 3 is a scraper extending along the width direction of the material layer. The lower end of the scraper is evenly distributed with serrations. When the material passes through, it flattens the top of the material layer and the height can be adjusted.

[0053] Multiple air inlets 1e are evenly distributed below the material bed of each layer of conveying mechanism 4, and multiple air outlets 1f are evenly distributed on the top of the rectangular box 1; the feeding end of the top layer conveying mechanism is located below the feeding mechanism 2, and the feeding end of the next layer conveying mechanism receives the discharge of the upper layer conveying mechanism. Each layer of conveying mechanism 4 is equipped with a turning mechanism 6 at its feeding end.

[0054] Each layer of conveying mechanism 4 has a discharge end sealing baffle 1b above its discharge end. The lower edge of each discharge end sealing baffle 1b is bent in the direction of material movement and attached to the top of the material layer. The bottom of the rectangular box 1 has a discharge port 1p, which receives the material from the bottom layer conveying mechanism. The bottom of the discharge port 1p has a discharge auger 10.

[0055] The material to be fermented is fed into the inner cavity of the rectangular box 1 by the feeding mechanism 2, and falls onto the feeding end of the top conveyor mechanism. The top conveyor mechanism carries the material and moves slowly towards the top discharge end. Adjacent to the feeding mechanism 2 is a first-layer turning mechanism 6 that turns the material for the first time, loosening it to facilitate fermentation and especially preventing sticky materials from caking. After the first turning, the leveling mechanism 3 flattens the top of the material layer, ensuring a consistent height and uniform fermentation on the surface, preventing mold growth. The material ferments while moving slowly forward. Upon reaching the top discharge end, it falls onto the feeding end of the second-layer conveyor mechanism. The first-layer discharge end sealing baffle 1b is fixed to the top of the rectangular box 1, with its lower end bent towards the discharge port of the first-layer turning mechanism to avoid obstructing the material's movement and to seal the top space of the first material layer, preventing airflow short-circuiting. This also ensures stable turning as the material falls, allowing lower-layer material to roll to the upper layer and vice versa. This layering ensures even airflow to the upper and lower layers, resulting in more uniform fermentation.

[0056] The material falling into the feed end of the second-layer conveyor is turned over a second time by the turning mechanism 6 of the second layer, making the fermentation of the material more uniform. Then, the second-layer conveyor carries the material back and slowly moves towards the discharge end of the second layer, continuing to ferment during the process. After reaching the discharge end of the second layer, the material falls into the feed end of the third-layer conveyor. The sealing baffle 1b at the discharge end of the second layer seals the top space of the second material layer, preventing airflow short circuits.

[0057] The material falling into the feed end of the third-layer conveyor is turned over a third time by the third-layer turning mechanism 6. Then, the third-layer conveyor carries the material back and slowly moves towards the third-layer discharge end, continuing to ferment during the process. After reaching the third-layer discharge end, the material falls into the feed end of the next-layer conveyor. The sealing baffle 1b at the discharge end of the third layer seals the top space of the third material layer. If only three layers of fermentation are set, the material falls into the discharge port 1p and is sent out by the discharge auger 10.

[0058] During aerobic fermentation, the air inlets 1e of each layer and the air outlets 1f at the top are opened. Fresh air enters from below the bottom layer, passes through the material layer and flows to the next layer. During the flow, supplemental air is supplied by the upper air inlets, and finally discharged from the top air outlets 1f.

[0059] When conducting anaerobic fermentation, simply close the air inlets 1e of each layer and the air outlets 1f at the top. The equipment is highly versatile, allowing for easy switching between aerobic and anaerobic processes, thus reducing engineering procedures and equipment investment.

[0060] Each layer is equipped with multiple temperature detection points, and each temperature detection point is equipped with a temperature measuring device 9 inserted into the material layer to accurately measure the temperature at various points in the material layer.

[0061] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the feeding mechanism 2 extends along the full width of the rectangular box 1. A feed inlet 2a with an upward opening is located on one side of the top of the feeding mechanism 2, situated in the middle of the fabric width. A drop outlet 2i extending along the full width of the fabric is located on the other side of the bottom of the feeding mechanism 2. Below the feed inlet 2a, a feeding rotor extending along the full width of the fabric is located. The feeding rotor includes a feeding shaft 2c, on which feeding blades 2d are symmetrically distributed along a spiral path, distributing material to both ends. One end of the feeding shaft 2c is driven by a feeding motor 2e. The feeding shaft 2c is a regular hexagonal shaft, and the blade shanks of the feeding blades 2d penetrate the opposing end faces of the regular hexagonal shaft and are fixed by nuts.

[0062] A material distribution arc plate 2f is connected to the vertical wall of the feed inlet 2a, extending downward and enveloping the bottom of the feed rotor. The free end of the material distribution arc plate 2f is located above the discharge port 2i and is arc-shaped with a high middle and low ends. Below the material distribution arc plate 2f, there is a material flow plate 2h extending towards the discharge port 2i.

[0063] The material to be fermented enters the inner cavity of the feeding mechanism 2 through the inlet 2a, first falling onto the middle section of the feeding rotor and the distribution arc plate 2f. The feeding motor 2e drives the feeding shaft 2c to rotate, which in turn drives the feeding blades 2d on the feeding shaft 2c to rotate synchronously. The feeding blades 2d convey the material to both ends while simultaneously dropping it from the edge of the distribution arc plate 2f, and then scattering it towards the discharge port 2i. Because the inlet 2a is aligned with the middle section of the feeding rotor, there will be more material falling in the middle and less falling at both ends. The edge of the distribution arc plate 2f adopts an arc shape that is higher in the middle and lower at both ends, so that the discharge distance of the distribution arc plate 2f is longer closer to the middle and shorter closer to both ends. This reduces the material falling in the middle and increases the material falling at both ends, thus making the material falling more uniform across the entire width of the discharge port 2i.

[0064] Below the middle section of the free end of the material distribution arc plate 2f, there is a material distribution adjustment plate 2g extending upward at an angle. Screws pass through the waist-shaped groove on the material distribution adjustment plate 2g and fix it to the lower part of the material distribution arc plate 2f. The axis of the waist-shaped groove is parallel to the plane containing the diameter of the feed shaft. When there is still too much material falling in the middle of the material distribution arc plate 2f, it is adjusted again by the material distribution adjustment plate 2g. The longer the distance of the material distribution adjustment plate 2g beyond the material distribution arc plate 2f, the more the material falling in the middle is reduced. The material distribution adjustment plate 2g can be linearly adjusted through the waist-shaped groove, making the material falling more uniform in the width direction of the material layer.

[0065] Before fermentation, the material must undergo pre-processing such as cooking. In traditional processes, after the material is discharged from the cooking tank, it usually needs to be buffered in the cooking material buffer silo first, and then fed into the air cooler by the feeding screw at the bottom of the cooking material buffer silo. After cooling, the material is sent to the mixing conveyor through the air conveying pipe for inoculation, and then enters the fermentation equipment.

[0066] When encountering highly viscous raw materials, caking may lead to caking. The feeding mechanism 2 of this application has suction ports 2b on the outer sides of the two short sides of the feed inlet 2a. The feed paddle 2d throws the material tangentially from the arc edge of the distribution arc plate 2f and into the discharge port 2i. At the same time, the emitted steam is extracted from the suction ports 2b, which not only cools down the material but also dehumidifies it. This eliminates the need for the previous caking and cooling process, avoids caking of viscous materials due to caking, and also avoids the generation of odors due to caking.

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 7As shown, each layer of conveying mechanism 4 includes a conveying head shaft and a conveying tail shaft 4c. The two ends of the conveying head shaft 4c are respectively equipped with head shaft sprockets 4c1 and supported on the frame by head shaft bearing seats 4b. The two outer ends of the conveying head shaft 4c are driven by the main reducer 4a. The two ends of the conveying tail shaft 4i are respectively equipped with tail shaft sprockets. The head shaft sprockets 4c1 and tail shaft sprockets on the same side are connected to each other by a conveying chain 4d. The material carried in each layer is conveyed from the conveying tail shaft 4i to the conveying head shaft 4c. The discharge end of each layer of conveying mechanism 4 is provided with an interlayer guide plate 1c that envelops the material and guides the material to the next layer. The upper part of the interlayer guide plate 1c is arc-shaped and coaxial with the corresponding head shaft. The lower part of the interlayer guide plate 1c extends to the feed end of the lower layer of conveying mechanism and is biased to the outside of the feed end, so as to provide a slightly wider space for the material to fall, which is conducive to the material loosening mechanism 6. Each layer of guide plate 1c has a feed end sealing baffle 1d at its lower end. The lower edge of the feed end sealing baffle 1d is bent in the direction of material movement and attached to the top of the conveying mechanism 4.

[0068] Each layer of conveying mechanism 4 adopts dual-drive at both ends, providing reliable and stable power output with a wide range of values. The main reducers 4a on both sides synchronously drive the conveyor head shaft 4c to rotate. The conveyor head shaft 4c drives the conveyor tail shaft 4i to rotate through the head shaft sprocket 4c1 and the conveyor chain 4d. The upper conveyor chain drives the material bed to move towards the discharge end where the conveyor head shaft 4c is located, and then drops the material to the next layer. The interlayer guide plate 1c encloses the falling material, ensuring that it all falls onto the feed end of the next layer's conveying mechanism, preventing spillage. The feed end sealing baffle 1d at the lower end of each interlayer guide plate 1c guides the material in the forward direction of the next layer. At the same time, the interlayer guide plate 1c also prevents airflow short-circuiting during aerobic fermentation.

[0069] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, a chain plate 4e is provided between the two conveyor chains 4d, and ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the chain plate 4e. Multiple chain plate hinge ears 4e1 are provided on the lower front and rear sides of the chain plate 4e. The hinge ears 4e1 of adjacent chain plates alternately engage and are hinged together on the chain plate long pin 4f, keeping the working surface flat. The two ends of each chain plate long pin 4f are fixed to the corresponding links of the two conveyor chains 4d. During aerobic fermentation, air rises evenly through the material layer from the ventilation holes of each chain plate 4e and the gaps between adjacent chain plates. The airflow can be adjusted by a fan in each layer to ensure equal airflow into each layer.

[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, the material turning mechanism 6 includes multiple stirring shafts 6c arranged along the width of the conveying mechanism 4. Each stirring shaft 6c passes through the arc-shaped section above the interlayer guide plate 1c and is sealed by a shaft sealing mechanism 6d to prevent short circuits caused by interlayer air leakage. Each stirring shaft 6c has a turning spiral 6e at its lower end. The upper end of each stirring shaft 6c is driven by the output end of a turning reducer 6b, and the input end of the turning reducer 6b is driven by a turning motor 6a. Depending on the width of the material bed, one turning mechanism 6 can be installed in the width direction, or two can be installed side-by-side. The turning motor 6a drives each stirring shaft 6c to rotate synchronously through the turning reducer 6b. The turning spiral 6e at the lower end of each stirring shaft 6c turns the material at the bottom upwards, which is beneficial for uniform fermentation and prevents sticky materials from clumping together.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, a cleaning scraper mechanism 7 is installed on the bottom plate of the rectangular box 1 to scrape the material on the bottom plate towards the discharge port 1p. The cleaning scraper mechanism 7 is located below the bottom conveying mechanism. The cleaning scraper mechanism 7 includes a cleaning head shaft 7a and a cleaning tail shaft 7d. A cleaning drive sprocket is installed on the cleaning head shaft 7a, and a cleaning driven sprocket is installed on the cleaning tail shaft 7d. A cleaning chain 7b is wrapped around the cleaning drive sprocket and the cleaning driven sprocket. Multiple cleaning scrapers 7c are evenly arranged along the length of the cleaning chain 7b. During the operation of the bottom conveying mechanism, a small amount of material will inevitably fall to the bottom of the rectangular box 1. Driven by the cleaning drive sprocket, the cleaning chain 7b drives the lower cleaning scrapers 7c to move towards the discharge port 1p, scraping away the fallen material on the bottom plate and preventing mold growth caused by material accumulation on the bottom plate, which would contaminate the material.

[0072] A tail cleaning arc 7e, enveloping the outer periphery of the running path of the cleaning scraper 7c, is provided on the outer side of the cleaning tail shaft 7d, 1p away from the discharge port. A cleaning device 7f is located above the tail cleaning arc 7e. The cleaning scraper 7c advances along the inner wall of the tail cleaning arc 7e, scraping out all the material at the tail bend and preventing material accumulation at the tail. When necessary, such as during machine shutdown for maintenance, the cleaning device 7f can be opened to thoroughly rinse and clean the tail and bottom plate.

[0073] like Figure 7As shown, each conveying mechanism 4 has a cleaning screw on its tail shaft 4i. The cleaning screw includes a forward screw 4i1 and a reverse screw 4i2 symmetrically arranged to discharge material to both ends of the shaft. During the operation of the conveying mechanism 4, a small amount of material will leak from the material bed into the space between the upper and lower chain plates 4e. If not cleaned for a long time, this will block the airflow channels and hinder gas penetration during aerobic fermentation. Most of the leaked material falls on the back of the lower chain plate and gradually accumulates at the tail shaft 4i as the lower chain plate returns to the tail shaft 4i. As the tail shaft 4i rotates, the forward screw 4i1 and the reverse screw 4i2 send the accumulated material to both sides and it falls onto the next layer of the conveying mechanism. The accumulated material inside the bottom layer of the conveying mechanism falls onto the bottom plate of the box and is removed by the cleaning scraper mechanism 7.

[0074] like Figure 1 , Figures 12 to 14 As shown, the discharge end of the bottom conveying mechanism is provided with a dispersing mechanism 8. The dispersing mechanism 8 includes a dispersing shaft 8c driven by a dispersing motor 8a. Both ends of the dispersing shaft 8c are supported on the rectangular box 1 by dispersing bearing seats 8d. Multiple dispersing rods 8e are evenly inserted along the axial direction of the dispersing shaft 8c. The dispersing rods 8e are inserted and fixed along the diameter of the dispersing shaft 8c and extend symmetrically. The axes of adjacent dispersing rods 8e are perpendicular to each other.

[0075] Each dispersing rod 8e has a dispersing head welded to one free end. The dispersing head is a digging head 8g, a cutting head 8f, an inclined rake head 8h, or a straight rake head 8i. The digging head 8g, the cutting head 8f, the inclined rake head 8h, or the straight rake head 8i are periodically distributed along a spiral line at the free end of the dispersing rod 8e.

[0076] The root of the cutting head 8f extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar 8e, and the free end of the cutting head 8f is provided with a cutter 8f1 extending to one side.

[0077] The root of the excavating plate extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the disintegrating bar 8e, and the free end of the excavating plate extends obliquely to the rotation section of the adjacent disintegrating bar 8e.

[0078] The root of the inclined rake head 8h extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar 8e. The free end of the inclined rake head 8h is inclined towards the rotation section of the adjacent dispersing bar 8e and the end is welded with a rake plate 8h1.

[0079] The straight rake head 8i extends along the rotational trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar 8e, and the two side walls near the free end of the straight rake head 8i are symmetrically welded with rake lugs 8i1.

[0080] During fermentation, the viscosity of the material increases, especially for anaerobic fermentation materials or sticky materials. Given that the material layer in this fermenter can reach over 1 meter, the material easily clumps together as it moves at a snail's pace with the chain conveyor 4e during fermentation. Simple striking is insufficient to loosen the clumps. This fermenter incorporates a dispersing mechanism 8 at the discharge end of the bottom conveyor. A dispersing motor 8a drives a dispersing shaft 8c to rotate at high speed via a dispersing reducer 8b. The dispersing rods 8e and dispersing heads on the dispersing shaft 8c rotate at high speed, ensuring that each cross-section along the width direction is repeatedly struck by the dispersing rods 8e and dispersing heads.

[0081] The cutter 8f1 of the cutting head 8f rotates along the circumference of the end of the dispersing rod 8e and extends a certain length in the axial direction of the dispersing shaft 8c, which can cut and peel the surface of the material clump.

[0082] The free end of the excavating plate extends obliquely, and the rotation trajectory forms a conical surface, excavating the material from the surface to the inside.

[0083] The free end of the slanted rake head 8h also extends obliquely, with a length shorter than that of the digging plate. However, a rake plate 8h1 is welded to its end. The rake plate 8h1 and the root of the slanted rake head 8h form an oblique T-shape. Its rotation trajectory is a conical surface with a cylindrical surface connected to the large end. That is, the rotation radius of the rake plate 8h1 is larger, which can not only strike the material clump from the surface to the inside, but also has a strong rake ability.

[0084] The root of the straight rake head 8i and the rake support ear 8i1 form a cross-shaped head. After rotation, the end of the straight rake head 8i cuts into the material clump more deeply in the radial direction, while the rake support ear 8i1 cuts into the material clump less deeply but is wider. This can reduce the resistance when embedding into the material clump and also realize the function of cutting in first and then rake.

[0085] After being struck by the various dispersing heads, the material will fly out to the adjacent cross-section, and will therefore be repeatedly struck by other dispersing heads and dispersing rods 8e until the material clumps become smaller and the small material clumps are completely broken up.

[0086] like Figure 13 As shown, viewed from the end of the dispersing shaft 8c, various dispersing heads are connected to the end of the dispersing rod 8e in a bend-head shape, which is beneficial for digging out materials.

[0087] like Figure 10 , Figure 11As shown, the two ends of the conveying tail shaft 4i of each layer are supported in the tension bearing seat 4j, and the tension bearing seat 4j is fixed in the sliding seat 4k. The sliding seat wall plates 4k1 of the two sliding seats 4k abut against the tail shaft seat plate 4m. The two tail shaft seat plates 4m are fixed on the box side wall plate 1a of the rectangular box 1. The outer surface of the tail shaft seat plate 4m is respectively embedded with the sliding seat sealing ring 4m1 to achieve sealing with the sliding seat wall plate 4k1. The upper and lower edges of the tail shaft seat plate 4m are respectively fixed with the pad 4n and the pressure plate 4p by screws. The pressure plate 4p presses on the outside of the pad 4n, and the upper and lower pressure plates 4p extend towards each other to form a groove with the tail shaft seat plate 4m. The upper and lower edges of the sliding seat wall plate 4k1 are respectively embedded in the groove on the inner side of the pressure plate 4p.

[0088] Tail fixing brackets 4q are respectively provided on the outer side of the sliding seat 4k. The tail fixing brackets 4q are welded to the outer wall of the side wall plate 1a of the box. A hydraulic cylinder 4r is fixed on the tail fixing bracket 4q. A tensioning rod 4s is fixed at the center of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 4r. The free end of the tensioning rod 4s is connected to the sliding seat 4k. The axis of the hydraulic cylinder 4r extends along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 4.

[0089] Hydraulic cylinders 4r at both ends of the tail shaft 4i of each layer push the sliding seat 4k to float via tension rods 4s. The upper and lower ends of the sliding seat wall plate 4k1 slide along the conveying direction in the groove between the pressure plate 4p and the tail shaft seat plate 4m, thereby changing the center distance between the conveying tail shaft 4i and the conveying head shaft 4c. The hydraulic cylinders 4r maintain a constant oil pressure, which allows the conveying chain 4d and chain plate 4e to maintain the rated tension, ensuring the reliability of the conveying. The sliding seat sealing ring 4m1 achieves the seal between the tail shaft seat plate 4m and the sliding seat wall plate 4k1. The part of the conveying tail shaft 4i that passes through the side wall plate 1a of the box body achieves internal and external sealing through the shaft sealing mechanism.

[0090] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, spacers 4g are provided between the outer side of the chain plate 4e and the conveyor chain 4d. The spacers 4g are symmetrically fitted at both ends of the long pins 4f of each chain plate. Long pin rollers 4h are installed at both ends of some chain plate long pins 4f. The long pin rollers 4h are fixed to the ends of the chain plate long pins 4f by bearings and are evenly spaced along the circumference of the conveyor chain 4d. The bottom of the long pin rollers 4h of the upper chain links are supported on the upper chain rail 1g. The bottom of the upper chain rail 1g is fixed on the upper rail base plate 1h. The lower chain links... The bottom of the long pin roller 4h of the chain link is supported on the lower chain rail 1i. The bottom of the lower chain rail 1i is fixed on the lower rail base plate 1j. The outer edges of the upper rail base plate 1h and the lower rail base plate 1j are fixed to the inner wall of the box side wall plate 1a. The inner edge of the lower rail base plate 1j is connected to a downward extending material guide plate 1k. The lower ends of the two material guide plates 1k are inclined and close to each other to guide the material to the lower material layer or the box bottom plate. The lower edge of the material guide plate 1k can be directly welded to the box side wall plates 1a on both sides of the lower material layer.

[0091] The conveyor chain 4d bears the tension of the conveying system and drives the chain plates 4e to reciprocate. The long pins 4f of each chain plate bear the weight of the chain plate 4e and the material layer. Traditionally, the ends of the long pins 4f of each chain plate slide on the track, resulting in very high sliding friction resistance. This leads to high power requirements and investment in the conveying mechanism 4, as well as high energy consumption. It also limits the height, width, and length of the material layer, making it impossible to achieve high-layer, wide-width, and long-bed fermentation. This conveying mechanism 4 has long pin rollers 4h installed at both ends of the long pins 4f of the chain plates, changing sliding friction to 100% rolling friction, reducing energy consumption per ton, extending equipment lifespan, and significantly increasing production capacity.

[0092] The upper surface of the upper chain plate forms a material bed that carries the material. The spacer 4g separates the two ends of the chain plate 4e from the conveyor chain 4d, providing a safe distance between the material bed and the conveyor chain 4d and the track, preventing material from leaking onto the conveyor chain 4d. Even if a very small amount of material leaks from the side edge of the chain plate 4e, it can fall smoothly through the gap between the adjacent spacers 4g and onto the material leakage guide plate 1k on the inner edge of the lower rail bottom plate 1j. The material then leaks along the lower edge of the material leakage guide plate 1k into the lower material bed and returns to the fermentation system. This ensures the cleanliness of the upper rail 1g and the lower rail 1i of the chain that support the long pin roller 4h.

[0093] The material that falls onto the bottom material guide plate 1k rolls down to the bottom of the box and is cleaned by the cleaning scraper mechanism 7.

[0094] The upper chain rail 1g and the lower chain rail 1i are respectively provided with upward and outward extending inclined baffles 1m on their top outer sides. The upper end of the inclined baffles 1m leans against the inner wall of the side wall panel 1a of the rectangular box 1. The inclined baffles 1m eliminate dead corners where dust and materials are easily trapped, and prevent dust and materials from accumulating and causing mold between the track and the side wall panel of the box.

[0095] Each layer of the rectangular box 1 has side wall panels 1a with concave and convex steps. The distance between the lower two side wall panels is greater than the distance between the upper two side wall panels. The material layer is located in the narrower upper part, and the conveying mechanism 4 is located in the wider lower part. The lower edge of the upper inner wall of each layer of the box side wall panel 1a is provided with a downwardly extending side sealing plate 1n. The side sealing plate 1n extends along the entire length of the rectangular box 1. The lower edges of the two side sealing plates 1n of each layer are close to the two ends of the corresponding upper chain plate. The side sealing plates 1n on both sides and the box side wall panels 1a together limit the width of the material layer. The lower edge of the side sealing plate 1n has zero contact with the upper chain plate and does not affect the operation of the chain plate 4e. The small gap between the side sealing plate 1n and the chain plate 4e is insufficient to allow material leakage. Even if a small amount of leakage occurs, it will be collected, which greatly improves the sealing performance on both sides of the material layer.

[0096] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 15As shown, roller support assemblies 5 are symmetrically arranged below the upper chain plates of the conveying mechanism 4 along the conveying width direction. Each roller support assembly 5 includes a support roller 5a. Short channel steels 4e2 extending along the conveying direction are welded to the back of each chain plate 4e at positions corresponding to the support rollers 5a. The top of the support rollers 5a rests below the short channel steels 4e2. The supporting surface of the short channel steels 4e2 is flush with the lower edge of the chain plate hinge ears 4e1, ensuring the material bed remains stable when the short channel steels 4e2 or chain plate hinge ears 4e1 contact the support rollers 5a.

[0097] Because the chain plates 4e and long pins 4f bear a very large weight of the high material layer, especially in the middle where the stress is greatest, the middle section tends to sink. For material beds with a large width, two rows of roller support assemblies 5 are usually symmetrically arranged below the upper chain plates. Each row is evenly spaced along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 4, forming four-point rolling friction in the width direction of the material bed. Along the conveying direction, every few chain plates 4e, short channel steel 4e2 presses against the support rollers 5a as they advance, greatly improving the stress condition in the middle area and significantly reducing running resistance. Since the support surface of the short channel steel 4e2 faces downwards, material will not accumulate; nor will material accumulate on the support rollers 5a. By improving the support condition in the middle area of ​​the material bed and reducing running resistance, the width of the material layer can reach more than 4 meters.

[0098] Each support roller 5a is located in the middle of the roller shaft 5b. The two ends of the roller shaft 5b are supported on the upper part of the roller lugs 5c. The bottom of the two roller lugs 5c is welded to the roller slide 5d. The roller slide 5d is supported in the roller positioning seat 5e, which is welded to the square tube of the frame. The front and rear sides of the roller positioning seat 5e are raised and then bent towards each other to form roller positioning seat grooves with openings at the top. The front and rear edges of the roller slide 5d are embedded in these grooves. During operation, the roller slide 5d experiences very little force in the width direction of the material bed, mainly bearing the weight of the upper chain plate 4e and the material layer, as well as the frictional force generated along the conveying direction. The weight borne by the roller slide 5d is transferred to the base plate of the roller positioning seat 5e and the frame. The roller positioning seat grooves on the front and rear sides of the roller positioning seat 5e press down on the front and rear edges of the roller slide 5d, ensuring reliable positioning of the roller slide 5d.

[0099] The inner port of the roller positioning seat groove facing the axis of the conveying mechanism is provided with a positioning seat backing 5f to close it. The inner edge of the roller slide 5d abuts against the corresponding positioning seat backing 5f. Two push rods 5g are screwed to the lower part of the outer roller support lug 5c. The two push rods 5g extend outward in parallel along the conveying width direction. The outer ends of the two push rods 5g pass through the light holes of the push rod fixing seat 5h, and push rod nuts 5i are screwed to the outer ends of the two push rods 5g to lock the push rods 5g. The push rod nuts 5i press against the inner and outer walls of the push rod fixing seat 5h. The bottom of the push rod fixing seat 5h is fixedly connected to the frame below the top chain plate. The side wall panel 1a of the box body is provided with a side wall maintenance port at the position corresponding to the push rod fixing seat 5h.

[0100] A horizontal guide rail 5j is provided between the push rod fixing seat 5h and the roller positioning seat 5e. The bottom of the horizontal guide rail 5j is fixed on the frame. The bottom wall of the roller positioning seat 5e has a notch in the middle for the inner end of the horizontal guide rail 5j to be inserted and extend to the back of the positioning seat 5f. The top of the horizontal guide rail 5j has a tenon 5j1 that fits into the groove at the bottom of the roller slide seat 5d.

[0101] Because the roller support assembly 5 is located below the chain plate 4e and above it is a 1-meter-thick layer of material, maintenance is very inconvenient. If production needs to be stopped for maintenance, the disassembly range would be too large, resulting in huge losses. The outer end of the push rod 5g only has a threaded section, and the smooth rod section connected to the threaded section can be slightly thinner. This application only requires opening the side wall access port, first removing the outer push rod nut 5i, then loosening the inner push rod nut 5i and retracting it to a slightly smaller diameter smooth rod section. Then, the roller slide 5d can be pulled out from the roller positioning seat 5e by the two push rods 5g. When the roller slide 5d slides along the horizontal guide rail 5j to near the side wall access port, the push rod 5g can be unscrewed, and the roller support assembly 5 can be removed.

[0102] After replacing the support roller 5a, place the roller slide 5d on the horizontal guide rail 5j. Pass the push rod 5g through the hole in the push rod fixing seat 5h and screw it onto the lower part of the roller support lug 5c. Then, push the roller slide 5d inward along the horizontal guide rail 5j using the push rod 5g. The groove at the bottom of the roller slide 5d engages with the tenon 5j1 at the top of the horizontal guide rail 5j, preventing the roller slide 5d from deviating from its course. Continue pushing inward until the front and rear edges of the roller slide 5d are embedded in the grooves of the roller positioning seats at the front and rear, achieving front-rear positioning. Continue pushing inward until the inner edge of the roller slide 5d hits the positioning seat backrest 5f, achieving width positioning. Then, screw the push rod nut 5i to fix the push rod 5g. This allows for online replacement of the support roller 5a without material removal or production stoppage, and without significant disassembly of the equipment, making it very quick and convenient.

[0103] The term "connection" as used in this application can mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

[0104] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Besides the above embodiments, the present invention may have other implementations. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. Technical features of the present invention not described can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter, comprising a rectangular box, wherein a feeding mechanism is provided on the top side of one side of the rectangular box, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the rectangular box, characterized in that: The rectangular box has a multi-layer reciprocating conveying mechanism inside its cavity. Multiple air inlets are evenly distributed below the material bed of each layer of the conveying mechanism, and multiple air outlets are evenly distributed on the top of the rectangular box. The feeding end of the top layer conveying mechanism is located below the feeding mechanism, and the feeding end of the next layer conveying mechanism receives the discharge from the previous layer conveying mechanism. The discharge outlet receives the discharge from the bottom layer conveying mechanism. Each layer conveying mechanism has a turning mechanism at its feeding end, and the top layer conveying mechanism has a leveling mechanism to flatten the top of the material layer. Each layer conveying mechanism has a discharge end sealing baffle above its discharge end, and the lower edge of each discharge end sealing baffle is bent in the direction of material movement and attached to the top of the material layer.

2. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the conveying mechanism includes a conveying head shaft and a conveying tail shaft. Both ends of the conveying head shaft are equipped with head shaft sprockets, and the two outer ends of the conveying head shaft are synchronously driven by a main reducer. Both ends of the conveying tail shaft are equipped with tail shaft sprockets, and the head shaft sprockets and tail shaft sprockets on the same side are connected to each other via a conveying chain. The material carried in each layer is conveyed from the conveying tail shaft towards the conveying head shaft. Each layer's discharge end is equipped with an interlayer guide plate that envelops the material and guides it to the next layer. The upper part of the interlayer guide plate is arc-shaped and coaxial with the corresponding head shaft, while the lower part extends towards the feed end of the next layer's conveying mechanism and is biased towards the outer side of the feed end. Each interlayer guide plate has a feed end sealing baffle at its lower end, and the lower edge of the feed end sealing baffle bends in the material's forward direction and adheres to the top of the conveying mechanism.

3. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material turning mechanism includes multiple stirring shafts arranged along the width of the conveying mechanism. Each stirring shaft passes through the arc-shaped section at the top of the interlayer guide plate and is sealed by a shaft sealing mechanism. The lower end of each stirring shaft is provided with a material turning ribbon spiral. The upper end of each stirring shaft is driven by the output end of the material turning reducer. The input end of the material turning reducer is driven by the material turning motor.

4. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the rectangular box is equipped with a cleaning scraper mechanism that scrapes the material on the bottom plate toward the discharge port. The cleaning scraper mechanism is located below the bottom conveying mechanism.

5. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning scraper mechanism includes a cleaning head shaft and a cleaning tail shaft. A cleaning drive sprocket is installed on the cleaning head shaft, and a cleaning driven sprocket is installed on the cleaning tail shaft. A cleaning chain wraps around the cleaning drive sprocket and the cleaning driven sprocket. Multiple cleaning scrapers are evenly arranged along the length of the cleaning chain. A tail cleaning arc is provided on the outer side of the cleaning tail shaft away from the discharge port, which surrounds the running trajectory of the cleaning scrapers. A cleaning device is provided above the tail cleaning arc.

6. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the conveying mechanism has a cleaning screw on its tail shaft. The cleaning screw includes a forward screw and a reverse screw that discharge material to both ends of the shaft and are symmetrically arranged.

7. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the bottom conveying mechanism is equipped with a dispersing mechanism. This dispersing mechanism includes a dispersing shaft driven by a dispersing motor. Both ends of the dispersing shaft are supported on a rectangular housing via dispersing bearing seats. Multiple dispersing rods are evenly inserted along the axial direction of the dispersing shaft. These dispersing rods are fixed and symmetrically extended along the diameter of the dispersing shaft, with the axes of adjacent dispersing rods perpendicular to each other. A dispersing head is welded to one free end of each dispersing rod. The dispersing head can be a digging head, cutting head, oblique rake head, or straight rake head. These heads are periodically distributed along a spiral line at the free ends of the dispersing rods. The root of the cutting head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and the free end of the cutting head is provided with a cutter extending to one side; the root of the digging head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and the free end of the digging head extends obliquely to the rotation section of the adjacent dispersing bar; the root of the inclined rake head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and the free end of the inclined rake head extends obliquely to the rotation section of the adjacent dispersing bar and has a rake plate welded to its end; the straight rake head extends along the rotation trajectory of the end of the dispersing bar, and rake supports are symmetrically welded to the two side walls near the free end of the straight rake head.

8. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism extends along the full width of the rectangular box. An upward-opening feed inlet is located on one side of the top of the feeding mechanism, situated in the middle of the material distribution width. Suction vents are located on the outer sides of the two short sides of the feed inlet. A material drop outlet extending along the full width of the material distribution width is located on the other side of the bottom of the feeding mechanism. Below the feed inlet is a feeding rotor extending along the full width of the material distribution width. The feeding rotor includes a feeding shaft with symmetrically distributed feeding blades along a spiral path, distributing material to both ends. One end of the feeding shaft is driven by a feeding motor. A downward-extending, arc-shaped distributing plate is connected to the vertical wall of the feed inlet, enveloping the bottom of the feeding rotor. The free end of the arc-shaped distributing plate is located above the material drop outlet and is arc-shaped, higher in the middle and lower at both ends. Below the arc-shaped distributing plate is a flow plate extending towards the material drop outlet.

9. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 8, characterized in that: A material distribution adjustment plate extending upwards is provided below the middle section of the free end of the material distribution arc plate. Screws pass through the waist-shaped groove on the material distribution adjustment plate and fix it to the lower part of the material distribution arc plate. The axis of the waist-shaped groove is parallel to the plane where the diameter of the feed shaft is located.

10. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chain plate is installed between the two conveyor chains. Ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the chain plate. Multiple chain plate hinge ears are located on the lower front and rear sides of each chain plate. The hinge ears of adjacent chain plates alternately engage and are hinged together to long chain pins. Spacers are fitted at both ends of each long chain pin, and both ends are fixed to corresponding links of the two conveyor chains. The spacers are supported on the outer side of the chain plate between it and the conveyor chain. Long pin rollers are installed at both ends of some long chain pins. These rollers are fixed to the ends of the long chain pins by bearings. The conveyor chain is evenly spaced along its circumference. The bottoms of the long pin rollers of the upper chain links are supported on the upper chain rail, and the bottom of the upper chain rail is fixed to the upper rail base plate. The bottoms of the long pin rollers of the lower chain links are supported on the lower chain rail, and the bottom of the lower chain rail is fixed to the lower rail base plate. The outer edges of the upper and lower rail base plates are fixed to the inner walls of the box side wall panels. The inner edge of the lower rail base plate is connected to a downwardly extending material guide plate. The lower ends of the material guide plates on both sides are inclined towards each other and connected to the lower box side wall panel.

11. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 10, characterized in that: The side wall panels of each layer of the rectangular box are respectively shaped like concave and convex steps. The distance between the side wall panels on the lower two sides is greater than the distance between the side wall panels on the upper two sides. The material of each layer is located in the narrower upper part, and the conveying mechanism of each layer is located in the wider lower part. The lower edge of the upper inner wall of each layer of the box side wall panel is provided with a downwardly extending side sealing plate. The side sealing plate extends along the entire length of the rectangular box. The lower edges of the two side sealing plates of each layer are close to the two ends of the corresponding upper chain plate.

12. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 10, characterized in that: The upper chain plate of the conveying mechanism is symmetrically provided with roller support assemblies along the conveying width direction. The roller support assembly includes support rollers. Short channel steels extending along the conveying direction are welded to the back of each chain plate at the position corresponding to the support rollers. The top of the support rollers is supported below the short channel steels, and the support surface of the short channel steels is flush with the lower edge of the chain plate hinge lugs.

13. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 12, characterized in that: Each support roller is located in the middle of the roller shaft, and the two ends of the roller shaft are supported on the upper part of the roller lugs. The bottom of the two roller lugs is welded to the roller slide. The roller slide is supported in the roller positioning seat. The front and rear sides of the roller positioning seat are raised and bent towards each other to form a roller positioning seat groove with an open top. The front and rear edges of the roller slide are embedded in the roller positioning seat groove.

14. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 13, characterized in that: The inner port of the roller positioning seat facing the axis of the conveying mechanism is provided with a positioning seat backing to close it. The inner edge of the roller slide abuts against the corresponding positioning seat backing. Two push rods are screwed to the lower part of the outer roller support. The two push rods extend outward in parallel along the conveying width direction. The outer ends of the two push rods pass through the light holes of the push rod fixing seat, and push rod nuts are screwed to the outer ends of the two push rods to lock them. The bottom of the push rod fixing seat is fixedly connected to the frame below the top chain plate. The side wall panel of the box is provided with a side wall maintenance port at the part corresponding to the push rod fixing seat.

15. The continuous multi-layer aerobic and anaerobic fermenter according to claim 14, characterized in that: A horizontal guide rail is provided between the push rod fixing seat and the roller positioning seat. The bottom of the horizontal guide rail is fixed on the frame. The bottom wall of the roller positioning seat has a notch in the middle for the inner end of the horizontal guide rail to be inserted and extend to the back of the positioning seat. The top of the horizontal guide rail has a tenon that fits into the groove at the bottom of the roller slide.

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