A ladle slow cooling device and slow cooling process

Abstract

The application provides a ladle slow cooling device and slow cooling process, which comprises a ladle water bath box and a bearing base for placing the ladle water bath box, the bearing base is in a stepped shape, the ladle water bath boxes are multiple and are placed on different stepped surfaces of the bearing base in sequence, two adjacent ladle water bath boxes are in a liquid conduction state, the sidewalls of the multiple ladle water bath boxes are provided with liquid circulation assemblies, the liquid circulation assemblies comprise main circulation pipelines, the main circulation pipelines and the corresponding ladle water bath boxes are in a conduction state through branch circulation pipelines, the ladle water bath boxes and the branch circulation pipelines are respectively provided with conduction valve groups, and the liquid circulation assemblies are in different states through control of the conduction valve groups to realize circulation flow of the liquid between different branch circulation pipelines. The application can realize circulation cooling of the ladle in a closed loop system, adjusts the cooling liquid flow according to the information state of the ladle, reduces the loss of energy, and improves the working environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slag bag cooling technology, and in particular to a slag bag slow cooling device and slow cooling process. Background Technology

[0002] In the metallurgical process, the high-temperature liquid slag produced is carried by a slag bag. The liquid slag is cooled inside the slag bag and turns into a solid state to facilitate subsequent crushing, grinding and flotation recovery. The slag bag has the characteristics of high strength and high temperature resistance and is widely used in the metallurgical industry.

[0003] Existing slag bag cooling methods are mainly divided into air cooling and water cooling. The former involves air cooling the slag bag for a short time, followed by water spraying to cool the exposed slag on top of the slag bag through a separate water cooling joint. Once the slag bag temperature drops below 50°C, the bag is turned over. The total time for the slow cooling process is more than 60 hours. In recent years, some slag beneficiation plants have also explored related slow cooling methods on-site, such as placing the slag bag directly in a separate steel frame structure and transferring heat through water between the slag bag and the steel frame structure. Although this method can reduce the cooling rate of the slag through a certain insulation effect, thus reducing the copper grade of the tailings, the total time for the slow cooling process is as high as 90 hours or more, which greatly reduces the turnover rate of slag bags on site and poses significant challenges to on-site organization and management as well as site requirements.

[0004] During the slow cooling process of the slag bale, the slower the slag temperature drops, the larger the copper particles produced within the bale. Slow cooling of the slag above 1050℃ is particularly crucial for the growth of copper particles in the slag. Larger copper particle sizes reduce the difficulty of subsequent flotation of the slag and lower the copper grade in the tailings. Traditional water cooling of the slag bale is performed separately, making it difficult to control the cooling process, especially neglecting the relationship between temperature and copper particle growth in the slag. During water cooling, whether using a separate water-cooling connector to spray water into the slag bale or transferring heat through water between the slag bale and the steel frame structure, the slow-cooling water overflowing from the slag bale or being discharged directly to the ground through the overflow pipe results in a significant waste of water resources and the heat contained within. Furthermore, the slag produced after smelting typically contains a certain amount of harmful metals, and the inability to circulate and arbitrarily discharge the cooling water leads to environmental pollution and negatively impacts the working environment for slag bale cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a slag slow cooling device and slow cooling process. This invention enables the slag to be circulated and cooled within a closed-loop system, and adjusts the flow of the cooling liquid in stages according to the temperature state of the slag. This promotes the growth of copper particles in the slag, reduces energy loss, and improves the working environment.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A slow cooling device for slag bags includes a slag bag water bath and a support base for placing the slag bag water bath. The support base is stepped, and multiple slag bag water baths are placed sequentially on different stepped surfaces of the support base. Adjacent slag bag water baths are in a liquid-conducting state. The side walls of the multiple slag bag water baths are provided with liquid circulation components. The liquid circulation components include a main circulation pipeline, which is connected to the corresponding slag bag water bath via branch circulation pipelines. Each slag bag water bath and branch circulation pipeline is provided with a flow valve group. By controlling the flow valve group to be in different states, liquid can circulate between different branch circulation pipelines. The slow cooling device also includes a low-temperature heat exchange component, which includes a low-temperature heat exchange pipe located in the main circulation pipeline. The first end of the low-temperature heat exchange pipe is connected to a first connector, and the second end is connected to a second connector. The first connector at the first end of the low-temperature heat exchange pipe is connected to a pumping component, which controls the directional flow of low-boiling-point liquid in the low-temperature heat exchange pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a vertically arranged partition baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slag bag water bath tank. The partition baffle divides the slag bag water bath tank into a first slow cooling chamber and a second slow cooling chamber. A through flow guide opening is opened at the bottom of the partition baffle. A control valve group is rotatably connected to the flow guide opening. The surface of the control valve group has two first openings to form a flow guide channel.

[0009] Preferably, the first end of the slag bag water bath tank has a flow guide notch, and a flow guide plate extending outward is fixedly connected to the flow guide notch, and an atomizing nozzle is provided on the surface of the flow guide plate.

[0010] Preferably, a second control valve assembly is provided inside the branch circulation pipe. The second control valve assembly has two second openings on its surface to form a second flow guide channel. A drive assembly is provided on the side wall of the slag bag water bath tank to adjust the coordinated rotation of the first control valve assembly and the second control valve assembly. The drive assembly includes a drive body, which includes a drive shaft and a drive shaft. The drive shaft is fixedly connected to the second control valve assembly via a connecting shaft, and the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the first control valve assembly via a connecting shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the pumping assembly includes a tubular pumping body, a pumping plug slidably connected inside the pumping body, a drive rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the pumping plug, the pumping body being connected to a first pumping pipe and a second pumping pipe, the second pumping pipe being connected to a first joint of a low-temperature heat exchange pipe, and a one-way valve being provided in both the first pumping pipe and the second pumping pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a conductive body is fixedly connected inside the main circulation pipeline. The end portion of the conductive body passes through the main circulation pipeline and is fixed to the pumping assembly through a mounting plate. The low-temperature heat exchange pipe extends along the length of the conductive body and abuts against its surface.

[0013] Preferably, a status monitoring unit, a control unit, and a water supply unit are provided on the outside of the slag bag water bath. The status monitoring unit detects the status information inside the corresponding slag bag water bath, including the number of slag bags placed and the placement time of the slag bags, and feeds the status information back to the control unit for information processing. The water supply unit is connected to an external water source and is in communication with the first slow cooling chamber of the first slag bag water bath. The control unit controls the working state of the water supply unit based on the obtained status information and controls the state of the connecting valve group to realize the flow of cooling liquid between different branch circulation pipes.

[0014] A slow cooling process for slag bags, S1, Slag bag placement: Slag bags containing molten slag are placed sequentially in multiple slag bag water baths, from the higher slag bag water bath to the lower slag bag water bath. The air cooling time of the slag bags is 4h-5h, which reduces the external slag temperature from the initial 1300℃ to 1050℃. At this time, the internal slag temperature is about 1200℃.

[0015] S2, Liquid First Circulation: After the slag bag in S1 has been air-cooled for the predetermined time, the cooling liquid is controlled to enter the first slag bag water bath from the first slow cooling chamber of the first slag bag water bath. The corresponding conduction valve group is controlled to be in the conducting state according to the air-cooling time of the slag bag. Depending on the number of slag bags and the time status, the liquid flow rate can be slowed down or temporarily stopped, allowing the cooling liquid to reduce the internal slag temperature from 1200℃ to 1050℃. At this time, the external slag temperature is about 900℃. The first circulation time is 1-2 hours. During this stage, the heat emitted by the slag bag is fully absorbed. The liquid is in a boiling water state and is transferred to the low-temperature heat exchange component for heat exchange, realizing low-temperature power generation and achieving full heat recovery.

[0016] S3, Secondary Liquid Circulation: After the liquid in S2 completes its first circulation, the cooling liquid is controlled to circulate a second time between multiple slag bag water baths, increasing the flow rate of the cooling liquid and reducing the internal slag temperature from 1050℃ to 500-600℃. At this time, the external slag temperature is about 350-450℃. The secondary circulation time is 28-32 hours, and the liquid temperature is above 80℃. In this stage, the heat emitted by the slag bag is further absorbed and transferred to the low-temperature heat exchange components through the liquid for heat exchange, realizing low-temperature power generation and achieving full recovery of heat.

[0017] S4, Liquid Three-Stage Circulation: After the liquid in S3 completes its second cycle, the cooling liquid is controlled to circulate three times between multiple slag bag water baths, further increasing the flow rate of the cooling liquid and reducing the external slag temperature to below 100℃. At this time, the temperature of the outer wall of the slag bag is about 50℃. The three-cycle time is 16-20 hours, and the average liquid temperature is about 50℃. During this stage, the liquid can be recycled back to the next set of slag bags for slow cooling in S2.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the pumping assembly is activated to allow the low-boiling-point liquid to flow directionally from the first joint to the second joint within the cryogenic heat exchange pipe. During one circulation of the liquid, the temperature of the liquid during circulation is detected by a temperature detection device, and the flow of the low-boiling-point liquid is controlled based on the temperature of the circulating liquid. This achieves heat exchange between the liquid and the cryogenic heat exchange assembly, enabling cryogenic power generation. Furthermore, the flow direction of the low-boiling-point liquid is consistent with the flow pattern of the cooling liquid, increasing the relative heat exchange time between the low-boiling-point liquid and the cooling liquid, thus achieving full recovery and utilization of heat. The flow rate of the low-boiling-point liquid is adjusted according to the liquid temperature and cooling requirements to meet the cooling needs.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. Compared with traditional separate cooling systems for slag bags, this system connects multiple slag bag water baths in series using a stepped support base, allowing the cooling liquid to circulate among them. This achieves a closed-loop cooling system, enabling liquid recycling and preventing pollution of the working environment. Furthermore, by installing a low-temperature heat exchange component in the main circulation pipeline, the system can rapidly cool the cooling liquid, ensuring its subsequent cooling effect. Additionally, during the initial and middle stages of slag bag water bath cooling, it can recover energy from the high-temperature cooling liquid for low-temperature power generation, achieving resource recycling. Moreover, the initial liquid circulation provides better insulation compared to traditional extensive water cooling, promoting the growth of copper metal particles in the slag and improving metal recovery efficiency.

[0021] 2. By installing vertical baffles inside the slag bag water bath, the cooling liquid can flow in a curved pattern within the bath, contacting the slag bag from bottom to top, thus achieving better heat exchange. Simultaneously, by setting up a flow control valve group, the cooling liquid can flow through different branch circulation pipes, adapting to the air cooling time of the slag, ensuring the normal cooling process of the slag bag, and shortening the cooling liquid flow path, allowing the cooling liquid to exchange heat with low-boiling-point liquids in a timely manner, reducing energy loss and achieving efficient resource recovery and utilization. The overall switching process is automatically determined and switched based on the slag bag placement status information, operating automatically without manual intervention, improving the overall automation level and work efficiency.

[0022] 3. The pumping component enables directional pumping of the low-boiling-point liquid generated by the cryogenic power generation component, achieving automatic replenishment of the low-boiling-point liquid and ensuring heat exchange and cooling effects. Furthermore, the pumping component, working in conjunction with the conduction body, can clean the scale accumulated on the surface of the cryogenic heat exchange pipes, improving heat exchange efficiency and achieving better heat exchange results. The cooling circuit can be switched according to the slag bag status, enabling slag bag cooling within a closed-loop system. This improves heat recovery in the initial stage and increases the slag bag cooling rate in subsequent stages, enhancing the overall economic value of the device and providing direct economic benefits.

[0023] 4. This recommended process refines the slag slow cooling stage and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the slag, making full use of the interaction between the suitable growth temperature range of copper particles in the slag, the low-temperature heat exchange temperature range of the liquid, and the slow cooling temperature change. In the early stage, the slow cooling rate change is reduced to allow copper particles in the internal and external slag to grow fully. In the middle stage, the slow cooling rate change is controlled to take into account both the growth of copper particles in the internal slag and the utilization of the low-temperature heat exchange of the liquid. In the later stage, the slow cooling rate change is accelerated to ensure that the overall slow cooling time of the slag bale is similar to that required by the traditional cooling method, avoiding the impact on the on-site slag bale slow cooling space and slag bale turnover rate. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point B;

[0030] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C;

[0031] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram at point D.

[0032] In the diagram: 100, bearing base; 200, slag bag water bath; 210, first slow cooling chamber; 220, second slow cooling chamber; 230, partition baffle; 231, flow guide opening; 240, control valve assembly one; 241, flow guide channel one; 242, connecting shaft two; 250, guide plate; 251, atomizing nozzle; 300, liquid circulation assembly; 310, main circulation pipeline; 320, branch circulation pipeline; 330, pump body; 340, control... Valve assembly 2; 341, flow guide channel 2; 342, connecting shaft 1; 400, pumping assembly; 410, pump body; 420, pumping plug; 430, drive rod; 440, second pumping pipe; 450, first pumping pipe; 500, drive assembly; 510, drive body; 511, drive shaft 1; 512, drive shaft 2; 600, low-temperature heat exchange assembly; 610, conduction body; 611, mounting plate; 620, second connector. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-8 A slag bag slow cooling device includes a slag bag water bath 200 and a support base 100 for placing the slag bag water bath 200. The support base 100 is stepped, and multiple slag bag water baths 200 are placed sequentially on different stepped surfaces of the support base 100. Two adjacent slag bag water baths 200 are in a liquid-conducting state. The slag bag water bath 200 with the highest vertical position is defined as the first slag bag water bath 200. The cooling liquid can flow from the liquid outlet of the first slag bag water bath 200 into the liquid inlet of the second slag bag water bath 200, and flow sequentially among the subsequent slag bag water baths 200. Through the stepped arrangement, the cooling liquid flows directionally among the multiple slag bag water baths 200, realizing automatic circulation of the cooling liquid.

[0035] To allow the cooling liquid flowing to the bottom to return to the first slag bath 200, liquid circulation components 300 are installed on the side walls of multiple slag bath 200s. Each liquid circulation component 300 includes a main circulation pipe 310, which is connected to its corresponding slag bath 200 via branch circulation pipes 320. Each slag bath 200 and branch circulation pipe 320 is equipped with a flow valve assembly. By controlling the flow valve assemblies to different states, liquid circulation is achieved between different branch circulation pipes 320. Controlling the state of the flow valve assemblies ensures liquid connection between different slag bath 200s and their corresponding branch circulation pipes 320. The placement of the slag bags and the cooling time of the slag bags are adjusted; the liquid is controlled to form a separate circulation between the first two or the first N slag bag water baths 200, which can form different liquid circulation paths, allowing the cooling liquid to achieve a circulation loop, realizing targeted cooling of the slag bags, and the overall circulation is a closed loop. The cooling liquid does not exchange with the external liquid during the circulation process. In the process of cooling special slag bags, no harmful metals are emitted, reducing the impact on the surrounding environment. It should be noted that a liquid pump body 330 is installed inside the branch circulation pipe 320 corresponding to the first slag bag water bath 200 to control the directional flow of the cooling liquid and ensure the directional flow of the liquid.

[0036] To improve the cooling efficiency of the cooling liquid and recover its heat, the slow cooling device includes a low-temperature heat exchange component 600. This component includes a low-temperature heat exchange pipe located within the main circulation pipeline 310. The pipe has a first connector at one end and a second connector 620 at the other. The first connector at the first end of the pipe is connected to a pumping component 400. The pumping component 400 controls the directional flow of a low-boiling-point liquid within the low-temperature heat exchange pipe. The temperature of the low-boiling-point liquid flowing within the pipe is below 90 degrees Celsius, adjusted according to the slag bag cooling requirements. This flow of the low-boiling-point liquid exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the main circulation pipeline 310, accelerating the cooling process and allowing it to circulate back to the first slag bag water bath 200 at a lower temperature, thus achieving a closed-loop slow cooling process for the slag bag. The low-temperature heat exchange component is directly connected to an external... The low-temperature power generation component utilizes the evaporation of a low-boiling-point liquid to generate steam. The kinetic energy of this steam impacts the impeller of the low-temperature power generation component, enabling low-temperature power generation. By incorporating a low-temperature heat exchange component 600, the liquid within the main circulation pipe 310 can be cooled while the slowly cooled heat is recycled, achieving efficient resource utilization. It should be noted that by setting up a stepped slow cooling device, the slag bag can be cooled in a closed-loop process, without external interaction, achieving a separate cooling process, avoiding environmental pollution and water waste. Furthermore, in the initial and middle stages of slag bag water cooling, liquid circulation allows the low-temperature heat exchange component 600 to recycle the high-temperature heat from the initial stage, achieving energy recovery. Compared to traditional extensive water cooling, its overall insulation effect is better, which helps the growth of copper particles within the slag bag and improves the recovery rate of metals in subsequent grinding processing.

[0037] It should be noted that during the initial and middle stages of slag bag cooling, the liquid is sequentially controlled to form a circulation loop between different slag bag water baths 200. At this time, the internal temperature of the slag bag is relatively high. The main purpose of this stage is to fully absorb the heat inside the slag bag, allowing the heat to be fully exchanged with the low-boiling-point liquid, realizing the recycling of heat. This stage also helps the growth of slag inside the slag bag. After the initial and middle stages, the internal temperature of the slag decreases. At this time, the circulation of the cooling liquid is accelerated, which can improve the overall cooling effect, allowing the slag bag to be cooled at a faster rate, thereby shortening the water cooling time of the slag bag, reducing the cooling cycle, and meeting the needs of slag bag production.

[0038] Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 8A vertically installed partition baffle 230 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slag bag water bath 200, dividing the slag bag water bath 200 into a first slow cooling chamber 210 and a second slow cooling chamber 220. The slag bag is placed in the second slow cooling chamber 220. The bottom end of the partition baffle 230 has a through-flow guide opening 231, and a control valve assembly 240 is rotatably connected to the guide opening 231. The surface of the control valve assembly 240 has two first openings forming a guide channel 241. By adjusting the control valve assembly 240 to different positions, the guide channel 241 can be in different conduction states, allowing the first slow cooling chamber to be cooled. The first slow cooling chamber 210 and the second slow cooling chamber 220 are either connected or disconnected, thereby controlling whether the cooling liquid flows or not between the first slow cooling chamber 210 and the second slow cooling chamber 220, realizing the switching of the cooling liquid flow path; and the guide opening 231 is located at the bottom end of the partition baffle 230, the liquid flows from the bottom end of the first slow cooling chamber 210 to the bottom end of the second slow cooling chamber 220, and the cooling liquid absorbs heat and flows out from the top. At this time, the liquid can flow in a tortuous manner in the slag bag water bath 200, which can increase the contact time, achieve better heat exchange, and ensure better cooling and heat exchange effect.

[0039] A flow guide notch is provided at the first end of the slag bath 200, and a flow guide plate 250 extending outward is fixedly connected to the notch. Atomizing nozzles 251 are provided on the surface of the flow guide plate 250. The flow guide plate 250 is located at the liquid outlet of the slag bath 200. Cooling liquid flows out from the first end (liquid outlet) of the slag bath 200, passes through the flow guide plate 250, and flows into the first slow cooling chamber 210 of the next slag bath 200, achieving automatic circulation of the cooling liquid. No pump is needed between the two slag baths 200; the liquid flows automatically under gravity without the need for control components. The liquid flows in a directional manner, making operation simple and convenient. The guide plate 250 guides the liquid to flow within a predetermined track. The atomizing nozzle 251 is connected to an external pump, forming a closed, vertically connected guide tube above the atomizing nozzle 251. This allows the steam generated by atomization to flow along the guide tube. By setting the atomizing nozzle 251, the atomization of the gas can be accelerated, allowing the cooling liquid to be cooled between the two slag bag water baths 200. This can accelerate the cooling process in the later stages of slag bag cooling. Furthermore, the guide tube can guide the steam generated by atomization, allowing the steam to flow in a directional manner and improving the on-site working environment.

[0040] A second control valve assembly 340 is installed inside the branch circulation pipe 320. The surface of the second control valve assembly 340 has two second openings forming a second flow guide channel 341. A drive assembly 500 is installed on the side wall of the slag bath tank 200 to adjust the coordinated rotation of the first control valve assembly 240 and the second control valve assembly 340. By adjusting the cyclic rotation of the first control valve assembly 240 and the second control valve assembly 340, the control process is simplified. Taking the switching of cooling liquid between the first slag bath tank 200 and the second slag bath tank 200 as an example, at this time, the first control valve assembly 240 in the second slag bath tank 200 is in a conducting state, and the second control valve assembly 340 in the branch circulation pipe 320 corresponding to the second slag bath tank 200 is in a closed state; simultaneously, the first control valve assembly 240 in the third slag bath tank 200 is in a closed state, and the second control valve assembly 340 in the branch circulation pipe 320 corresponding to the second slag bath tank 200 is in a closed state. The control valve group 2 340 in the branch circulation pipe 320 corresponding to 200 is in the conducting state. At this time, the cooling liquid circulates between the first and second slag bag water bath tanks 200, realizing the switching of the cooling liquid circulation flow to adapt to the slag bag placement state and placement time. The drive assembly 500 includes a drive body 510, which includes a drive shaft 1 511 and a drive shaft 2 512. The drive shaft 1 511 is fixedly connected to the control valve group 2 340 through a connecting shaft 1 342, and the drive shaft 2 512 is fixedly connected to the control valve group 1 240 through a connecting shaft 2 242. The drive body 510 is connected to an external electrical control device to control the rotation of the drive shaft 1 511 and the drive shaft 2 512, thereby realizing the switching of the state of the control valve group 2 340 and the control valve group 1 240, realizing the control process, and realizing the switching process of the liquid circulation path.

[0041] Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 6 The pumping assembly 400 includes a tubular pumping body 410, within which a pumping plug 420 is slidably connected. A drive rod 430 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pumping plug 420. The pumping body 410 is connected to a first pumping pipe 450 and a second pumping pipe 440. The second pumping pipe 440 is connected to a first joint of a low-temperature heat exchange pipe. Both the first pumping pipe 450 and the second pumping pipe 440 are equipped with one-way valves. An external drive device is connected to the drive rod 430 to control the reciprocating movement of the pumping plug 420. During the reciprocating movement of the plug 420, under the action of the one-way valves of the first pumping pipe 450 and the second pumping pipe 440, the low-boiling-point liquid can flow from the first pumping pipe 450 into the pump body 410 and finally flow out from the second pumping pipe 440, realizing the directional flow of the low-boiling-point liquid; wherein the first pumping pipe 450 is connected to the reflux storage state of the cryogenic component, and the second pumping pipe 440 is connected to the first connector and to the cryogenic heat exchange pipe, realizing the pumping function of the low-boiling-point liquid.

[0042] A conductive body 610 is fixedly connected inside the main circulation pipeline 310. The end portion of the conductive body 610 penetrates the main circulation pipeline 310 and is fixed to the pumping assembly 400 via a mounting plate 611. The low-temperature heat exchange pipe extends along the length of the conductive body 610 and abuts against its surface. The conductive body 610 is made of a rigid material with low specific heat capacity and penetrates the entire main circulation pipeline 310. On the one hand, it can collect heat, allowing the low-temperature heat exchange pipe to heat up quickly. On the other hand, the vibration generated by the pumping assembly 400 can be conducted through the conductive body 610. Since the low-temperature heat exchange pipe is in close contact with the conductive body 610, impurities adhering to the surface of the low-temperature heat exchange pipe will be dissipated during vibration. The detachment ensures the cleanliness of the surface of the low-temperature heat exchange pipe, guaranteeing heat exchange efficiency and enabling better heat exchange, thus ensuring cooling and heat exchange efficiency. Preferably, the low-temperature heat exchange pipe is serpentine, winding around the outer wall of the conductive body 610 and extending along its length. This increases the heat exchange area of ​​the low-temperature heat exchange pipe, enhancing the heat exchange effect, and also increases the contact area with the conductive body 610, forming a unified structure, enhancing vibration transmission, and ensuring cleaning effectiveness. Furthermore, a retractable impact pin is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pump plug 420. During the reciprocating movement of the pump plug 420, the force transmission effect is enhanced, thereby improving the cleaning effect on the surface of the low-temperature heat exchange pipe.

[0043] A status monitoring unit, a control unit, and a water supply unit are installed on the outside of the slag bag water bath 200. The status monitoring unit detects the status information within the slag bag water bath 200, including the number of slag bags placed and the placement time. This information is then fed back to the control unit for processing. The control unit controls the liquid circulation based on the number of slag bags and the placement time, allowing the cooling liquid to switch between different branch circulation pipes 320 to achieve cooling liquid circulation. The water supply unit is connected to an external water source and is conductive to the first slow cooling chamber 210 of the first slag bag water bath 200. The water supply unit includes valves and water supply pipes. Based on water evaporation, water is replenished to the entire slow cooling device through the water supply pipes to ensure stable cooling liquid circulation. The control unit controls the operation of the water supply unit based on the received status information. The control valve group's state enables the cooling liquid to flow between different branch circulation pipes 320. Initially, the slag bag is in an air-cooled state. After a predetermined air-cooling time, the slag inside the slag bag drops to a predetermined temperature. At this point, the cooling liquid circulation is controlled, sequentially controlling the cooling liquid to flow once in the first and second, and first-second-third slag bag water baths 200, thus achieving cooling liquid circulation. This operation method allows for circulation based on the air-cooling state of the slag bag, meeting the requirements of the slag bag air-cooling process. Furthermore, it maximizes the recovery of heat generated in the initial stage of the slag bag, making the cooling liquid flow path more rational and concise, shortening the liquid circulation path, and achieving efficient heat recovery and utilization in the initial stage. The aforementioned state monitoring unit can select laser detection elements and temperature detection elements for coordinated detection, and the control unit includes a CPU and a timer for coordinated control.

[0044] A slow cooling process for slag bags, S1, Slag bag placement: Slag bags containing molten slag are placed sequentially into multiple slag bag water baths, starting from the higher-positioned slag bag water baths and moving down to the lower-positioned ones. The slag bags are then allowed to air-cool for a predetermined time. The slag bags can be lifted and transported by a gantry crane or similar means and placed sequentially into the slag bag water baths. Initially, air cooling is achieved within the slag bag water baths. The air cooling time for the slag bags is 4-5 hours, reducing the external slag temperature from an initial 1300℃ to 1050℃, at which point the internal slag temperature is approximately 1200℃.

[0045] S2, Liquid First Circulation: After the predetermined air-cooling time of the slag bale in S1, the cooling liquid is controlled to enter the first slag bale water bath from the first slow-cooling chamber of the first slag bale water bath. The corresponding on-state valve group is controlled according to the slag bale air-cooling time, allowing the cooling liquid to circulate once at the first flow rate. During this stage, the liquid circulation rate is relatively slow, mainly to ensure sufficient contact with the slag bale, achieving deep heat exchange and recovering heat for low-temperature power generation. Depending on the number of slag bales and the time period, the liquid flow rate can be slowed or temporarily stopped, allowing the cooling liquid to reduce the internal slag temperature from 1200℃ to 1050℃. At this time, the external slag temperature is approximately 900℃. The first circulation time is 1-2 hours. This stage fully absorbs the heat dissipated by the slag bale. The liquid is in a boiling state and is transferred to a low-temperature heat exchange component for heat exchange, achieving low-temperature power generation and full heat recovery. Compared with the traditional extensive slag bag cooling, it can provide better heat preservation and helps the growth of metal particles in the slag. During this stage, the pumping component is activated to allow the low-boiling-point liquid to flow directionally from the first joint to the second joint in the low-temperature heat exchange pipe. The directional flow of the low-boiling-point liquid in the low-temperature pipe will not interfere with the cooling liquid in the main circulation pipe. The low-boiling-point liquid can exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the main circulation pipe. The steam generated by the evaporation of the low-boiling-point liquid is used for low-temperature power generation through the low-temperature power generation component. The cooling liquid is cooled inside and then recirculated to the first slag bag water bath to cool the slag bag.

[0046] S3. Secondary Liquid Circulation: After the predetermined time of the primary liquid circulation in S2, the cooling liquid is controlled to circulate a second time between multiple slag bag water baths. The cooling liquid circulates at a second flow rate. During the secondary circulation, the circulation rate of the cooling liquid is accelerated. This is to cool the slag bag more quickly, ensure cooling efficiency, shorten the slag bag cooling time, and ensure that the slag bag can be put into normal production. In addition, the cooling effect can also be enhanced by reducing the evaporation temperature of the low-boiling-point liquid and accelerating its flow, thus achieving cooling circulation. The increased flow rate of the cooling liquid reduces the internal slag temperature from 1050℃ to 500-600℃, while the external slag temperature is about 350-450℃. The secondary circulation time is 28-32 hours, and the liquid temperature is above 80℃. In this stage, the heat emitted by the slag bag is further absorbed and transferred to the low-temperature heat exchange component for heat exchange, realizing low-temperature power generation and achieving full heat recovery.

[0047] S4, Liquid Three-Stage Circulation: After the liquid in S3 completes its second cycle, the cooling liquid is controlled to circulate three times between multiple slag bag water baths, further increasing the flow rate of the cooling liquid and reducing the external slag temperature to below 100℃. At this time, the temperature of the outer wall of the slag bag is about 50℃. The three-cycle time is 16-20 hours, and the average liquid temperature is about 50℃. During this stage, the liquid can be recycled back to the next set of slag bags for slow cooling in S2.

[0048] Based on the recommended slag slow cooling device, Example 1: Slag from an electric furnace in Anhui Province, with a raw ore copper grade of approximately 0.75%. The total required slow cooling time is 58 hours.

[0049] The results of the slag beneficiation test are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1. Flotation test parameters (wt%) for Example 1

[0051]

[0052] Comparative Example 1: The slag bag was placed in a separate steel frame structure. After air cooling, heat was transferred through water between the slag bag and the steel frame structure. The water entered from the lower part of the slag bag and flowed out from the upper overflow pipe. The total slow cooling time required was 92 hours.

[0053] The results of the slag beneficiation test are shown in Table 2.

[0054]

[0055] Comparative Example 2: The traditional slow cooling method is adopted, that is, after air cooling, water is sprayed to cool the exposed slag on the top of the slag bag. The total slow cooling time required is 60 hours.

[0056] The results of the slag beneficiation test are shown in Table 3.

[0057]

[0058] The experimental results show that by adopting the recommended slag-bag slow cooling process, the copper content in copper tailings can be reduced to 0.139%, which is the lowest. At the same time, the total slow cooling time required is also similar to that of the traditional slow cooling process, which is 58 hours.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ladle slow cooling device, comprising a ladle water bath tank (200) and a bearing base (100) for placing the ladle water bath tank (200), characterized in that: the bearing base (100) is stepped, the ladle water bath tank (200) is multiple and placed on different step surfaces of the bearing base (100) in sequence, two adjacent ladle water bath tanks (200) are in liquid communication state, the side walls of the multiple ladle water bath tanks (200) are provided with a liquid circulation assembly (300), the liquid circulation assembly (300) comprises a main circulation pipeline (310), the main circulation pipeline (310) and the corresponding ladle water bath tank (200) are in communication state through a branch circulation pipeline (320), the ladle water bath tank (200) and the branch circulation pipeline (320) are respectively provided with a communication valve group, wherein the liquid is circulated and flowed between different branch circulation pipelines (320) by controlling the communication valve group to be in different states, the slow cooling device further comprises a low-temperature heat exchange assembly (600), the low-temperature heat exchange assembly (600) comprises a low-temperature heat exchange pipeline in the main circulation pipeline (310), the low-temperature heat exchange pipeline is connected with a first joint at a first end and a second joint (620) at a second end, the first joint of the first end of the low-temperature heat exchange pipeline is communicated with a pumping assembly (400), wherein the low-boiling-point liquid is directed to flow in the low-temperature heat exchange pipeline by the pumping assembly (400); the inner wall of the ladle water bath tank (200) is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged partition baffle (230), the partition baffle (230) divides the ladle water bath tank (200) into a first slow cooling chamber (210) and a second slow cooling chamber (220), the bottom end of the partition baffle (230) is provided with a through flow guide opening (231), a control valve group one (240) is sealingly rotatably connected in the flow guide opening (231), two first openings are formed on the surface of the control valve group one (240) to form a flow guide channel one (241); a flow guide notch is formed at the first end of the ladle water bath tank (200), a flow guide plate (250) extending outward is fixedly connected at the flow guide notch, and an atomizing nozzle (251) is arranged on the surface of the flow guide plate (250).

2. The ladle gradual cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the branch circulation pipeline (320) is provided with a control valve group two (340), two second openings are formed on the surface of the control valve group two (340) to form a flow guide channel two (341), the side wall of the ladle water bath tank (200) is provided with a driving assembly (500) for adjusting the cooperative rotation of the control valve group one (240) and the control valve group two (340), the driving assembly (500) comprises a driving body (510), the driving body (510) comprises a driving shaft one (511) and a driving shaft two (512), the driving shaft one (511) is fixedly connected with the control valve group two (340) through a connecting shaft one (342), and the driving shaft two (512) is fixedly connected with the control valve group one (240) through a connecting shaft two (242).

3. The ladle gradual cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pumping assembly (400) comprises a tubular pumping body (410), a pumping plug (420) is slidably connected in the pumping body (410), a driving rod (430) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pumping plug (420), the pumping body (410) is communicated with a first pumping pipeline (450) and a second pumping pipeline (440), the second pumping pipeline (440) is communicated with the first joint of the low-temperature heat exchange pipeline, and the first pumping pipeline (450) and the second pumping pipeline (440) are both provided with a one-way valve.

4. The ladle gradual cooling device according to claim 3, wherein The main circulation pipeline (310) is fixedly connected with a conducting body (610), the conducting body (610) penetrates through the main circulation pipeline (310) at the end portion and is fixed with the pumping assembly (400) through a mounting plate (611), and the low-temperature heat exchange pipeline extends along the length direction of the conducting body (610) and abuts against the surface of the conducting body (610).

5. The ladle gradual cooling device according to claim 1, wherein The state monitoring unit, the control unit and the water supply unit are arranged outside the ladle water bath tank (200); the state information in the corresponding ladle water bath tank (200) is detected by the state monitoring unit, the state information including the number of ladles placed and the time of ladles placed, and the state information is fed back to the control unit for information processing; the water supply unit is connected with the water source and communicated with the first slow cooling chamber (210) of the first ladle water bath tank (200); the working state of the water supply unit is controlled by the control unit through the obtained state information, and the state of the on-off valve group is controlled to realize the flow of the cooling liquid between different branch circulation pipelines (320).

6. A ladle slow cooling process characterized by, The ladle slow cooling device of any one of claims 1-5 comprises the following steps: S1, placing the ladle: the ladle loaded with molten slag is placed in the plurality of ladle water bath tanks in sequence, and is placed in the ladle water bath tank from the higher position to the lower position, and the ladle is air-cooled for a predetermined time; S2, primary circulation of the liquid: after the ladle is air-cooled for a predetermined time in S1, the cooling liquid is controlled to enter the first slow cooling chamber of the first ladle water bath tank, and the corresponding on-off valve group is controlled to be in the on state according to the air-cooling time of the ladle, so that the cooling liquid is circulated at a first flow rate; S3, secondary circulation of the liquid: after the primary circulation of the liquid in S2 is completed for a predetermined time, the cooling liquid is controlled to be circulated between the plurality of ladle water bath tanks, so that the cooling liquid is circulated at a second flow rate; S4, tertiary circulation of the liquid: after the secondary circulation of the liquid in S3 is completed, the cooling liquid is controlled to be circulated between the plurality of ladle water bath tanks, so that the flow rate of the cooling liquid is further increased until the temperature of the ladle is reduced to a predetermined requirement.

7. The ladle gradual cooling process according to claim 6, wherein In step S2, the pumping assembly is started to make the low-boiling-point liquid flow in the low-temperature heat exchange pipeline from the first joint to the second joint.

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