A high-pressure glass window

Abstract

This specification discloses a high-pressure glass window, which is suitable for being installed on a high-pressure vessel and includes a glass window, a sealing ring, a flange, bolts, a first O-ring, a second O-ring, a retaining ring, flange bolts, and a support gasket. Among them, the glass window is fixed at the window position reserved on the high-pressure vessel wall through the sealing ring and the flange. The glass window is arranged in a preset pit on the flange. A sealing ring is arranged on the side of the glass window close to the inside of the high-pressure vessel. Grooves are machined on both side surfaces of the sealing ring. The first O-ring is arranged in the first groove, and the second O-ring and the retaining ring are arranged in the second groove. The support gasket is arranged between the glass window and the flange. Sealing is carried out through the sealing ring, the first O-ring, the second O-ring, and the retaining ring. The installation and fixation and sealing of the glass window are realized by means of the sealing ring and the flange. The installation is simple, the sealing effect is good, it can bear a pressure of up to 15 MPa, and it is suitable for the demand scenario of large-size windows.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sealing devices in mechanical design, and more particularly, to a high-pressure glass window. Background Art

[0002] In the field of power machinery and engineering research, when studying the fuel mixing and combustion processes in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment inside an engine, it is necessary to fabricate a special container capable of generating high temperature and pressure to simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment inside the engine, and inevitably, a visualization window needs to be opened on the high-temperature and high-pressure container for visualization experiments. Since the visualization window generally uses a glass material, whose strength and toughness are lower than those of steel, too large a pre-tightening force cannot be applied to the glass window, and the sealing design of the glass window needs to adapt to the application environment of high temperature and pressure.

[0003] In the prior art, the sealing designs of glass windows mainly include radial sealing and flat gasket sealing. Among them, radial sealing makes the installation of the glass window difficult and is hard to achieve on large-sized windows; flat gasket sealing cannot withstand large pressures and requires a large pre-tightening force to achieve a satisfactory sealing effect, and the reverse installation structure is relatively complex. The existing sealing designs of visualization windows cannot achieve a satisfactory sealing effect under the conditions of applying a small pre-tightening force and withstanding large pressures.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to study a high-pressure glass window to meet the window sealing requirements under high-temperature and high-pressure environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This specification provides a high-pressure glass window to overcome at least one technical problem existing in the related art.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of this specification, there is provided a high-pressure glass window adapted to be installed on a high-pressure container, including a glass window, a sealing ring, a flange, bolts, a first O-ring, a second O-ring, a retaining ring, flange bolts, and a support gasket, wherein

[0007] The glass window is fixed at a window position reserved on the high-pressure container wall through the sealing ring and the flange. The glass window is disposed in a preset pit on the flange, and a sealing ring is provided on the side of the glass window close to the inside of the high-pressure container.

[0008] The sealing ring is an annular metal structural part, which is fixedly connected to the flange through bolts. Along the outer side of the sealing ring, a preset number of counterbores are evenly arranged along the ring surface. The axis of the counterbore is parallel to the axis of the sealing ring, and the size of the counterbore matches the size of the bolt head of the bolt. Grooves are machined on both sides of the sealing ring. A first groove is machined on the side close to the inside of the high-pressure vessel, and a second groove is machined on the side close to the glass window. The first groove is a rectangular groove, and the second groove is a rectangular groove. The depth of the first groove is greater than the depth of the second groove, and the width of the second groove is greater than the width of the first groove. A boss is arranged around the edge of one side of the second groove of the sealing ring.

[0009] The first O-ring is arranged in the first groove, and the outer diameter of the first O-ring is equal to the outer diameter of the first groove. The second O-ring is arranged in the second groove, and the sizes of the first O-ring and the second O-ring are equal.

[0010] The retaining ring is arranged in the second groove, outside the second O-ring. The inner diameter of the retaining ring is equal to the outer diameter of the first groove. A transition fit is adopted between the outer diameter of the retaining ring and the outer diameter of the second groove. The thickness value of the retaining ring is greater than the depth value of the second groove. The width value of the retaining ring is not less than the thickness value of the retaining ring, and the thickness value of the retaining ring is equal to the depth value of the first groove.

[0011] The flange is fixedly connected to the high-pressure vessel wall through flange bolts. A pit is arranged inside, and the size of the pit matches the size of the glass window. Along the ring surface of the edge of the pit of the flange, a preset number of threaded holes are evenly arranged. The positions of the threaded holes correspond to the positions of the counterbores, and the threaded holes are matched with the bolts. A chamfer is arranged around the edge of the end face where the flange contacts the sealing ring, and the size of the chamfer matches the size of the boss.

[0012] The support gasket is an annular gasket, which is arranged on the annular surface where the glass window contacts the flange on the side close to the outside of the high-pressure vessel. The sum of the thicknesses of the glass window and the support gasket is not less than the depth of the pit of the flange.

[0013] Optionally, the material of the sealing ring is stainless steel.

[0014] Optionally, the materials of the first O-ring and the second O-ring are rubber.

[0015] Optionally, the material of the retaining ring is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0016] Optionally, the material of the flange is 45# steel.

[0017] Optionally, the material of the support gasket is carbon fiber reinforced rubber composite material or glass fiber reinforced rubber composite material.

[0018] Optionally, the difference between the sum of the thicknesses of the glass window and the support gasket and the depth of the pit of the flange is less than 0.1 mm.

[0019] Optionally, the length and width of the boss are both 1 mm.

[0020] Optionally, the outer diameter value of the first groove is not less than 5 mm.

[0021] Optionally, the thickness value of the retaining ring is 0.5 - 1 mm greater than the depth value of the second groove.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this specification are as follows:

[0023] The embodiments of this specification provide a high-pressure glass window, including a glass window, a sealing ring, a flange, bolts, a first O-ring, a second O-ring, a retaining ring, flange bolts, and a support gasket. The glass window is wrapped by the sealing ring and the flange to achieve sealing. Through the structural combination and size design of the first O-ring, the second O-ring, and the retaining ring on the sealing ring, a good sealing effect can be achieved. And under the condition of applying a small pre-tightening force, this glass window can bear the large pressure in the high-pressure container. Compared with the prior art, it is not only convenient to install, has a good sealing effect, and plays a better protective role for the glass window, but also has greater advantages in large-size windows with a diameter greater than or equal to 100 mm.

[0024] The innovations of the embodiments of this specification include:

[0025] 1. In this specification, the installation structure design of the sealing ring, the first O-ring, the second O-ring, and the retaining ring is ingenious, with a good sealing effect and convenient installation. It can be directly installed in place like a flat gasket seal, avoiding the installation difficulty caused by the O-ring being sleeved outside the glass window in most sealing structures, and avoiding the damage to the glass window caused by improper operation during the installation process. It will show greater advantages in large-size windows with a diameter greater than or equal to 100 mm, which is one of the innovations of the embodiments of this specification.

[0026] 2. In this specification, the cooperation between the sealing ring and the flange can protect the glass window inside after being installed in place, and apply a small pre-tightening force to the glass window, leaving more capacity for the glass window to bear the internal pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure container, which is one of the innovations of the embodiments of this specification. Description of the Drawings

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the related art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the related art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a high-pressure glass window provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0029] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of a sealing ring provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0030] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of a retaining ring provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0031] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of a flange provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0032] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the sealing part of a high-pressure glass window provided by an embodiment of this specification. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of this specification and the accompanying drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0035] An embodiment of this specification discloses a high-pressure glass window, which will be described in detail below.

[0036] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a high-pressure glass window provided by an embodiment of this specification. As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a high-pressure glass window, suitable for installation on a high-pressure vessel, includes a glass window 1, a sealing ring 2, a flange 3, bolts 4, a first O-ring 5, a second O-ring 6, a retaining ring 7, flange bolts 8, and a support gasket 9.

[0037] The glass window 1 is fixed at the window position reserved on the high-pressure vessel wall through the sealing ring 2 and the flange 3. The glass window 1 is arranged in a preset pit on the flange 3, and a sealing ring 2 is arranged on the side of the glass window 1 close to the inside of the high-pressure vessel.

[0038] The sealing ring 2 and the flange 3 are installed together through bolts 4, and the flange 3 is installed together with the high-pressure vessel body through flange bolts 8. The glass window 1 is placed in the pit of the flange.

[0039] The sealing ring 2 is an annular metal structure member and is fixedly connected to the flange 3 through bolts 4.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing ring provided in an embodiment of this specification. As Figure 2 shown, a preset number of counterbores 201 are uniformly arranged along the ring surface on the outer side of the sealing ring 2. The axis of the counterbore 201 is parallel to the axis of the sealing ring 2, and the size of the counterbore 201 is matched with the size of the bolt head of the bolt 4. A circle of counterbores is processed on the outer side of the sealing ring for bolt fixation, and the size of the counterbores must ensure that the bolt head does not protrude from the main body of the sealing ring, otherwise it may interfere with the high-pressure vessel body.

[0041] Grooves are processed on both side surfaces of the sealing ring 2. A first groove 202 is processed in a circle on the side close to the inside of the high-pressure vessel, and a second groove 203 is processed in a circle on the side close to the glass window 1. The first groove 202 is a rectangular groove, and the second groove 203 is a rectangular groove. The depth of the first groove 202 is greater than the depth of the second groove 203, and the width of the second groove 203 is greater than the width of the first groove 202. The outer diameter value of the first groove 202 is not less than 5 mm. The rectangular grooves on the two end faces of the sealing ring are asymmetric. The first groove is used to carry the first O-ring, and the second groove is used to carry the second O-ring and the retaining ring.

[0042] A circle of bosses 204 is arranged at the edge of one side surface of the second groove 203 of the sealing ring 2. The length and width of the boss 204 are both 1 mm. The function of the boss is to facilitate centering with the flange during installation and facilitate installation.

[0043] The material of the sealing ring 2 is stainless steel. The sealing ring will directly contact the working medium inside the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel and requires strong corrosion resistance, so stainless steel is used.

[0044] The first O-ring 5 is disposed in the first groove 202. The outer diameter of the first O-ring is equal to the outer diameter of the first groove 202. The second O-ring 6 is disposed in the second groove 203. The first O-ring 5 and the second O-ring 6 have the same size. The outer diameter of the O-ring is designed as D2, which is the same as the outer diameter of the first groove of the sealing ring and the inner diameter of the retaining ring. In addition, the wire diameter of the first O-ring and the inner diameters of the first groove and the second groove of the sealing ring are designed according to standard seals. For large window applications with a visual diameter greater than or equal to 100 mm, it is recommended that D2 ≥ 5 mm.

[0045] The first O-ring 5 is used for sealing between the sealing ring 2 and the high-pressure vessel body, and the second O-ring 6 is used for sealing between the sealing ring 2 and the glass window 1.

[0046] The materials of the first O-ring 5 and the second O-ring 6 are rubber. Using rubber for the O-ring, the appropriate type of rubber material can be selected according to the operating temperature of the high-pressure vessel and the internal chemical substances.

[0047] The retaining ring 7 is disposed in the second groove 203 and is located outside the second O-ring 6.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the retaining ring provided by an embodiment of this specification. As Figure 3 shown, the inner diameter D2 of the retaining ring 7 is equal to the outer diameter of the first groove. The outer diameter D3 of the retaining ring 7 and the outer diameter D1 of the second groove 203 adopt an interference fit. The thickness value H2 of the retaining ring is larger than the depth value H1 of the second groove 203. The width value (D3 - D2) of the retaining ring is not less than the thickness value H2 of the retaining ring, and the thickness value H2 of the retaining ring is equal to the depth value of the first groove 202.

[0049] An interference fit is adopted between the outer diameter D3 of the retaining ring and the outer diameter D1 of the second groove in the sealing ring to ensure that the outer side of the retaining ring is closely attached to the outer side of the second groove of the sealing ring. The thickness H2 of the retaining ring is 0.5 - 1 mm larger than the depth H1 of the second groove. Therefore, when the retaining ring is installed in the second groove of the sealing ring, the retaining ring will protrude 0.5 - 1 mm. This gap ensures that the glass window and the metal part sealing ring are not directly pressed together, avoiding damage to the glass window. Moreover, the gap cannot be too large because it is necessary to ensure that the retaining ring is not extruded.

[0050] The depth of the first groove of the sealing ring is designed as H2, which is the same as the thickness of the retaining ring. Therefore, the outer surface of the retaining ring is flush with the outer surface of the sealing ring close to the outside.

[0051] The inner diameter of the retaining ring is the same as the outer diameter of the first groove of the sealing ring, both designed as D2. Therefore, the same O-ring can be inserted into the two grooves.

[0052] The width of the retaining ring needs to be greater than the thickness, i.e., D3 - D2 > H2. This structure is to ensure that the retaining ring can withstand sufficient torsional and shear forces and will not deform significantly when subjected to the huge extrusion force outward from the second O-ring.

[0053] The material of the retaining ring 7 is polytetrafluoroethylene. It is best to use polytetrafluoroethylene for the retaining ring because polytetrafluoroethylene has a lower hardness but is higher than that of rubber. It can effectively support the glass window and the O-ring without damaging the glass window. Moreover, polytetrafluoroethylene has strong corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance and is suitable for most working fluids and working temperatures.

[0054] The thickness value H2 of the retaining ring 7 is 0.5 - 1 mm greater than the depth value H1 of the second groove 203.

[0055] The flange 3 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure vessel wall through flange bolts 8.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the flange provided by an embodiment of this specification. As Figure 4 shown, a pit 301 is provided inside the flange 3. The size of the pit 301 matches the size of the glass window 1. A preset number of threaded holes 302 are evenly arranged along the circumferential surface at the edge of the pit 301 of the flange 3. The positions of the threaded holes 302 correspond to the positions of the counterbores 201, and the threaded holes 302 are matched with the bolts 4. When the glass window and the support gasket are completely placed in the pit of the flange, it is necessary to ensure that the surface of the glass window is flush with the outer surface of the pit of the flange, or the glass window is slightly higher than the flange. That is, the sum of the thicknesses of the glass window and the support gasket should be greater than or equal to the depth of the pit of the flange, and the difference between the two is less than 0.1 mm. The size design of this structure is to ensure that the retaining ring and the glass window are completely fitted to improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the second O-ring.

[0057] A chamfer 303 is provided at the edge of the end face where the flange 3 contacts the sealing ring 2. The size of the chamfer 303 matches the size of the boss 204. A boss with a length and width of 1 mm is machined at the edge of the pit of the flange for centering with the sealing ring.

[0058] Flange bolt holes 304 are provided on the flange. The flange bolt holes 304 are matched with the flange bolts 8.

[0059] The material of the flange 3 is 45 steel. The flange is a conventional mechanical structural part and is only used for bearing force, so 45 steel can be used.

[0060] The support gasket 9 is an annular gasket and is arranged on the annular surface where the glass window 1 contacts the flange 3 on the side close to the outside of the high-pressure vessel. The sum of the thicknesses of the glass window 1 and the support gasket 9 is not less than the depth of the pit of the flange 3.

[0061] To avoid glass breakage caused by direct compression between the glass window and the flange of the metal part, a support gasket is placed between the glass window and the flange.

[0062] The material of the support gasket 9 is carbon fiber reinforced rubber composite or glass fiber reinforced rubber composite. The function of the support gasket is to separate the glass window from the flange, avoiding glass breakage caused by direct compression between the glass and the metal. Therefore, it needs to bear a large positive pressure and be soft in texture. In this case, it is more appropriate to use carbon fiber reinforced rubber composite or glass fiber reinforced rubber composite. The difference between the sum of the thicknesses of the glass window 1 and the support gasket 9 and the depth of the pit 301 of the flange 3 is less than 0.1 mm.

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the seal of a high-pressure glass window provided by an embodiment of this specification. After the high-pressure glass window in the embodiment of this specification is installed, a partial schematic diagram of its seal is as Figure 5 shown. The seal ring 2 and the flange 3 are tightly combined under the action of the bolt 4. After being tightly combined, the second O-ring 6 is extruded and deformed, and the retaining ring 7 is tightly attached to the seal ring 2 and the flange 3. Between the seal ring 2 and the high-pressure vessel body 10, due to the tightening of the flange bolt 8 and the flange 3, the high-pressure vessel body 10 and the flange are pressed tightly. After being pressed tightly, the first O-ring 5 between the seal ring 2 and the high-pressure vessel body 10 is extruded and deformed.

[0064] When the internal pressure of the high-pressure vessel body 10 increases, the first O-ring is extruded outward under the action of the pressure, forming a seal at the joint between the first O-ring 5 and the seal ring 2. The second O-ring is also extruded outward under the action of the pressure, and the second O-ring 6 is tightly attached to the seal ring 2, the retaining ring 7 and the glass window 1 to form a seal. At this time, the importance of the retaining ring 7 begins to be reflected. The second O-ring 6 is subjected to the internal pressure, so it extrudes the retaining ring 7 outward. The retaining ring 7 is tightly attached to the parts on both sides to prevent gaps from being generated and the second O-ring 6 from being extruded. Because the retaining ring 7 is tightly attached to the outside of the second groove of the seal ring 2, the extrusion force of the second O-ring 6 can be transmitted to the seal ring 2, preventing the retaining ring 7 from being damaged by the outward tension. Since the protrusion of the retaining ring 7 relative to the seal ring 2 is only 0.5 - 1 mm, and the gap formed between the seal ring 2 and the glass window 1 is also only 0.5 - 1 mm, the retaining ring 7 with a large hardness and thickness will not be extruded. After testing, the sealing device of this glass window can withstand a pressure of up to 15 MPa.

[0065] When the inside of the high-pressure vessel body is evacuated, although this sealing device is mainly used to withstand internal high pressure, due to the low pressure difference inside and outside during evacuation, it can also be sealed after testing.

[0066] In summary, the embodiments of this specification provide a high-pressure glass window, which can achieve a good sealing effect. Moreover, under the condition of applying a small pre-tightening force, the glass window can bear a large pressure in the high-pressure container. It is not only convenient to install and has a good sealing effect, but also plays a better protective role for the glass window, and is applicable to the demand scenario of large-size windows with a diameter greater than or equal to 100 mm.

[0067] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams of an embodiment, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing the present invention.

[0068] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the modules in the device in the embodiment can be distributed in the device in the embodiment according to the description of the embodiment, or can be correspondingly changed and located in one or more devices different from this embodiment. The modules of the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or can be further split into multiple sub-modules.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure glass window, characterized in that, Suitable for installation on high-pressure vessels, including a glass window, a sealing ring, a flange, bolts, a first O-ring, a second O-ring, a retaining ring, flange bolts, and a support gasket, where The glass window is fixed at the window position reserved on the high-pressure vessel wall through the sealing ring and the flange. The glass window is arranged in a preset pit on the flange. A sealing ring is arranged on the side of the glass window close to the inside of the high-pressure vessel; The sealing ring is an annular metal structural member and is fixedly connected to the flange through bolts. A preset number of counterbores are evenly arranged along the ring surface on the outer side of the sealing ring. The axis of the counterbore is parallel to the axis of the sealing ring. The size of the counterbore matches the size of the bolt head of the bolt. Grooves are machined on both side surfaces of the sealing ring. A first groove is machined on the side close to the inside of the high-pressure vessel, and a second groove is machined on the side close to the glass window. The first groove is a rectangular groove, and the second groove is a rectangular groove. The depth of the first groove is greater than the depth of the second groove, and the width of the second groove is greater than the width of the first groove. A convex platform is arranged on the edge of one side surface of the second groove of the sealing ring; The first O-ring is arranged in the first groove. The outer diameter of the first O-ring is equal to the outer diameter of the first groove. The second O-ring is arranged in the second groove. The first O-ring and the second O-ring have the same size; The retaining ring is arranged in the second groove and is located outside the second O-ring. The inner diameter of the retaining ring is equal to the outer diameter of the first groove. A transition fit is adopted between the outer diameter of the retaining ring and the outer diameter of the second groove. The thickness value of the retaining ring is greater than the depth value of the second groove. The width value of the retaining ring is not less than the thickness value of the retaining ring. The thickness value of the retaining ring is equal to the depth value of the first groove; The flange is fixedly connected to the high-pressure vessel wall through flange bolts. A pit is arranged inside. The size of the pit matches the size of the glass window. A preset number of threaded holes are evenly arranged along the ring surface at the edge of the pit of the flange. The position of the threaded hole corresponds to the position of the counterbore. The threaded hole cooperates with the bolt. A chamfer is arranged on the edge of the end surface where the flange contacts the sealing ring. The size of the chamfer matches the size of the convex platform; The support gasket is an annular gasket and is arranged on the annular surface where the glass window contacts the flange on the side close to the outside of the high-pressure vessel. The sum of the thicknesses of the glass window and the support gasket is not less than the depth of the pit of the flange.

2. The high-voltage glass window according to claim 1, wherein The material of the sealing ring is stainless steel.

3. The high-pressure glass window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the first O-ring and the second O-ring are rubber.

4. The high-pressure glass window according to claim 1, wherein The material of the retaining ring is polytetrafluoroethylene.

5. The high-voltage glass window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the flange is 45 steel.

6. The high-voltage glass window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the support gasket is carbon fiber reinforced rubber composite material or glass fiber reinforced rubber composite material.

7. The high-voltage glass window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference between the sum of the thicknesses of the glass window and the support gasket and the depth of the pit of the flange is less than 0.1 mm.

8. The high-voltage glass window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length and width of the convex platform are both 1 mm.

9. The high-pressure glass window according to claim 1, wherein, The outer diameter value of the first groove is not less than 5 mm.

10. The high-pressure glass window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness value of the retaining ring is 0.5 - 1 mm greater than the depth value of the second groove.

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