A modular bus operation dynamic grouping method, system, device and medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method, system, device and medium, wherein the method includes: collecting passenger demand of modular bus lines and each station in the initial interval, and dividing each station on the bus line into multiple travel intervals; modular bus grouping according to the demand situation of the travel interval; after the initial grouping starts, collecting passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval, based on the collected passenger demand data, performing car scheduling and dynamic grouping according to preset targets at the alternation of the travel intervals; each car is split and combined at the intersection of the travel interval according to the instructions, to achieve the current optimal operation target under the fleet grouping, and continue to the next interval until the operation of the current line is completed. The present invention collects real-time and comprehensive bus demand, realizes demand-responsive bus dynamic grouping, and can provide a more efficient and energy-saving solution for bus grouping. The present invention can be widely used in the field of bus grouping technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bus marshaling, and in particular to a modular bus operation dynamic marshaling method, system, device and medium. Background Art

[0002] In the urban public transportation system, energy waste caused by insufficient passenger capacity of a single large bus is common. On the other hand, due to the limited number of buses, passenger demand is often not fully met. At the same time, buses operate independently, information collection and communication are difficult, and road resource utilization is low. Modular buses can achieve dynamic grouping and coordinate vehicle operation by disassembling and reassembling different functional compartments, but there is currently a lack of a bus grouping method that can balance traffic demand, optimize supply forms, and achieve seamless transfers and door-to-door services during vehicle operation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art to a certain extent, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method, system, device and medium, which dynamically adjusts the grouping type of the modular bus according to the modular bus operation characteristics and real-time demand information, improves passenger transfer efficiency, reduces waiting time, and increases the overall bus occupancy rate, thereby saving operating costs and realizing green and efficient operation of the modular bus.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A modular bus operation dynamic marshaling method comprises the following steps:

[0006] Collect passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and initial interval, and divide each station on the bus route into multiple travel intervals;

[0007] Modular bus marshaling is carried out according to the demand of the travel range, in which the carriages are divided into driving carriages, flexible carriages and transfer carriages according to their functions, and at least one driving carriage is equipped in the initial marshaling;

[0008] After the initial marshaling starts, the passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval is collected. Based on the collected passenger demand data, carriage scheduling and dynamic marshaling are carried out according to preset targets at the intersection of the travel intervals;

[0009] Each carriage is split and combined at the junction of the driving range according to the instructions to achieve the fleet formation under the current optimal operation goal and continue to the next range until the operation of the current line is completed.

[0010] Furthermore, the collecting of passenger demands of each station on the modular bus route and the initial interval, and dividing each station on the bus route into a plurality of travel intervals, includes:

[0011] Collect real-time passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and initial section through video surveillance equipment, station historical data or APP reservation information;

[0012] According to historical travel OD, real-time passenger demand, passenger flow, and door service demand within the interval, each station on the bus line is divided into multiple travel intervals between stations in sequence; the travel interval is defined as the area between stations on the line, and each area between stations is divided into station busy travel interval, door busy travel interval, busy travel interval, and non-busy travel interval according to the busyness of each service type;

[0013] According to the transport capacity of the stations and initial marshaling, the driving intervals between stations with the same busyness are merged to obtain the modular bus marshaling driving intervals.

[0014] Further, the functions of the three models are as follows:

[0015] Drive car: The power car of the modular bus can only run on the main bus line and carry a fixed number of passengers. When the passenger flow is small, it can be used as a transfer car for passengers to transfer on the road.

[0016] Flexible carriages: Travel on bus branch lines, match destinations according to passenger needs, and realize door-to-door bus services; can be flexibly split and combined between bus trunk lines and transfer carriages to achieve seamless transfers and reduce energy consumption, and realize flexible formation of modular bus transfers; have the same drive system as the drive carriages, and the drive system is automatically disconnected after the drive carriage formation is connected to the trunk line;

[0017] Transfer car: can only travel on the main bus line, can be combined with the drive car to improve the carrying capacity of the modular bus line; another main function of the transfer car is to connect the flexible cars to realize the transfer of passengers while driving, or to temporarily accommodate transfer passengers during the operation of the vehicle until the passengers transfer to the next flexible car to the door destination, realizing flexible grouping of modular bus transfers; the transfer car has a lower-specification drive system, and the drive system is automatically disconnected after being connected to the drive car.

[0018] Furthermore, the modular bus formation according to the demand of the travel interval includes:

[0019] A1. Obtain historical demand data and real-time demand of the routes operated by the modular bus;

[0020] A2. The carrying capacity of the initial marshaling is expressed as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where α is the demand record coefficient; Wh,t is the passenger demand in period t in historical data, N t is the total number of historical data; W s is the passenger demand of each station in the modular bus station set S at the departure time, n S is the total number of stations on the line;

[0023] A3. According to the carrying capacity C initial and the rated carrying capacity of each vehicle type, and combine the driving vehicle and the transfer vehicle to form the initial marshaling; the initial marshaling shall comply with the following conditions:

[0024] C initial ≤C drive +n t ×C transit

[0025] In the formula, C drive Indicates the carrying capacity of the driving vehicle, C transit is the transfer vehicle capacity, n t is the number of transfer vehicles;

[0026] A4, obtain a driving carriage consisting of 1 and n t The initial formation consists of transfer cars.

[0027] Furthermore, after the initial marshaling starts, passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval is collected, and based on the collected passenger demand data, carriage scheduling and dynamic marshaling are performed according to preset targets at the alternation of the travel intervals, including:

[0028] After the initial modular bus formation departs, it continues to collect passenger demand data at each station in the next travel interval;

[0029] Carriage scheduling and dynamic marshaling are carried out to minimize passenger station waiting time, transfer waiting time and maximize passenger occupancy rate;

[0030] Determine vehicle train length and capacity limits to meet the constraints of door and station service requirements and transfer demands.

[0031] Furthermore, the expression of the preset target is:

[0032]

[0033] For passengers i The waiting time The calculation formula is:

[0034]

[0035] Within the driving range, the modular bus group carrying capacity C totalThe calculation formula is:

[0036]

[0037] For passengers i In terms of waiting time for passengers to transfer The time from when a passenger needs to enter the transfer car or drive car to wait for the flexible car to when the flexible car connects and completes the passenger transfer. The calculation formula is:

[0038]

[0039] in, It is expressed as the number of driving carriages in the formation, Indicates the carrying capacity of a single driving carriage. Indicates the number of transfer cars in the marshaling. Indicates the carrying capacity of a single transfer car, Indicates the number of flexible cars in the marshaling. Indicates the carrying capacity of a single flexible compartment; n p represents the total number of passenger demands within the travel interval, t off-transit Indicates the time when the transfer passengers finish waiting for the transfer, t on-transit Indicates the time when transfer passengers start waiting for their transfer.

[0040] Furthermore, the constraint condition is:

[0041] Each convoy must have only one driving car; the rated passenger capacity of the convoy must be greater than the passenger demand; the flexible vehicle capacity of the convoy must meet the transfer passenger demand; for road safety considerations, the maximum convoy length cannot exceed the threshold; the constraint condition is expressed as:

[0042]

[0043] in, is the number of all transfer demands within the driving range; N max The maximum length limit for a convoy.

[0044] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0045] A modular bus operation dynamic marshaling system, comprising:

[0046] A data collection module, used to collect passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and the initial interval, and to divide each station on the bus route into multiple travel intervals;

[0047] The bus marshaling module is used to perform modular bus marshaling according to the demand of the travel interval, in which the carriages are divided into driving carriages, flexible carriages and transfer carriages according to their functions, and at least one driving carriage is equipped in the initial marshaling;

[0048] The dynamic marshaling module is used to collect passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval after the initial marshaling starts, and based on the collected passenger demand data, the carriages are dispatched and dynamically marshaled according to preset targets at the intersection of the travel intervals;

[0049] The bus operation module is used to split and combine each car at the intersection of the driving range according to the instructions, realize the fleet formation under the current optimal operation goal, and continue to the next section until the operation of the current line is completed.

[0050] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0051] A modular bus operation dynamic marshaling device, comprising:

[0052] at least one processor;

[0053] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0054] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the above method.

[0055] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0056] A computer-readable storage medium stores a program executable by a processor, wherein the program executable by the processor is used to execute the method described above when executed by the processor.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention collects real-time and comprehensive public transportation demands, and realizes dynamic public transportation formation in response to demand. At the same time, a mode of dynamic transfer of passengers through carriages during the operation of the vehicle is designed, and door-to-door public transportation services are provided. The present invention can provide a more efficient and energy-saving solution for the formation of buses, improve the transportation efficiency and service benefits of public transportation operations, reduce the waste of transportation capacity, and has practical promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention or the drawings of related technical solutions in the prior art are introduced below. It should be understood that the drawings introduced below are only for the convenience of clearly describing some embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a modular bus dynamic grouping effect diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2Schematic diagram of modular bus dynamic grouping in different driving intervals in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 : is a schematic diagram of passenger modular public transportation travel demand and station distribution in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of modular bus marshaling travel interval division in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of modular bus dynamic grouping in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of the steps of a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, they are only provided for the convenience of explanation, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way, and the execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0069] Terminology explanation:

[0070] Door service: "Door" service is different from the "station" service provided by buses between trunk stations. It refers to the bus transportation service process in which flexible vehicles in modular buses connect passengers to the target station or another "door" connection point at the "door" connection point.

[0071] Busy station: In the travel range of the modular bus operation trunk line, the bus transportation service is busy, and the "station" service is the main service type.

[0072] Door busy: In the travel range of the modular bus operation trunk line, the bus transportation service is busy, and the "door" service is the main service type.

[0073] Busy: In the driving range of the modular bus operation trunk line, both the "door" service and the "station" service in the bus transportation service are busy.

[0074] Non-busy: In the driving range of the modular bus operation trunk line, both the "door" service and the "station" service in the bus transportation service are in a non-busy state.

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method, comprising the following steps:

[0076] S1. Collect passenger demands of each station on the modular bus route and the initial interval, and divide each station on the bus route into multiple travel intervals.

[0077] Wherein, step S1 specifically includes steps S11-S14:

[0078] S11. Collect real-time passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and initial section through video surveillance equipment, station historical data, APP reservation information, etc.

[0079] S12. According to historical travel OD, real-time demand, passenger flow, and “door service” demand within the interval, each station on the bus line is divided into multiple travel intervals between stations in sequence.

[0080] S13. The driving range is defined as the area between stations in the line. The line is initially divided into "station busy", "gate busy", busy and non-busy driving ranges according to the busyness of each service type.

[0081] S14. According to the station and initial marshaling transport capacity, the inter-station travel intervals with the same busyness are merged to obtain the modular bus marshaling travel interval.

[0082] Through video surveillance equipment, station historical data, APP reservation information and other intelligent devices to obtain multi-source information, according to the historical travel OD, passenger flow, and "door service" demand within the interval, the stations on the bus line are divided into multiple driving intervals in order to facilitate information collection and fleet formation. The driving interval is defined as the area between stations in the line. The division is based on the historical travel OD, passenger flow, and "door service" demand within the interval. The line is initially divided into "busy station", "busy door", busy and non-busy driving intervals. The passenger demand of each station in the initial interval is obtained, including passenger flow, departure and arrival time, OD information and transfer information. According to the station and initial formation transportation capacity, the station driving intervals with the same busyness are merged to obtain the modular bus formation driving interval.

[0083] S2. Modular bus formation is carried out according to the demand of the driving range, in which the carriages are divided into driving carriages, flexible carriages and transfer carriages according to their functions, and at least one driving carriage is equipped in the initial formation.

[0084] Modular bus compartments can be divided into driving compartments, flexible compartments and transfer compartments according to their functions. The characteristics of each compartment refer to the following:

[0085] Drive car: The power car of the modular bus, which can only run on the main bus line and carry a fixed number of passengers. When the passenger flow is small, it can also be used as a transfer car for passengers to transfer while driving.

[0086] Flexible carriages: Travel on bus feeder lines, match destinations according to passenger needs, and realize door-to-door bus services. They can also be flexibly split and combined with transfer carriages on bus trunk lines to achieve seamless transfers and reduce energy consumption, and realize flexible grouping of modular bus transfers. They have the same drive system as the drive carriages, and the drive system is automatically disconnected after the drive carriage group is connected to the trunk line.

[0087] Transfer car: It can only travel on the main bus line and can be combined with the drive car to improve the carrying capacity of the modular bus line. Its other main function is to connect the flexible car to realize the transfer of passengers during driving, or to temporarily accommodate transfer passengers during the operation of the vehicle until they transfer to the next flexible car to the "door" destination, so as to realize the flexible grouping of modular bus transfer. It has a lower specification drive system, and the drive system is automatically disconnected after connecting to the drive car.

[0088] Step S2 specifically includes S21-S24:

[0089] S21. Obtain historical demand data and real-time demand of the routes operated by the modular bus.

[0090] S22. Obtain the minimum carrying capacity of the initial marshaling according to the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, α is the demand recording coefficient; is the historical data i Passenger demand during the time period, N t is the total number of historical data; W s is the passenger demand of each station in the modular bus station set S at the departure time, n S is the total number of stations on the line.

[0093] S23, according to the carrying capacity C initial The rated carrying capacity of each vehicle type is combined with the driving vehicle and the transfer vehicle to form the initial formation. The initial formation follows the following conditions:

[0094] C initial ≤C drive +n t ×C transit

[0095] Among them, C drive Indicates the carrying capacity of the driving vehicle, C transit is the transfer vehicle capacity, n t is the number of transfer vehicles.

[0096] S24, get the number of carriages driven by 1 and n t The initial formation consists of transfer cars.

[0097] S3. After the initial formation starts, the passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval is collected. Based on the collected passenger demand data, carriage scheduling and dynamic formation are performed according to preset targets at the intersection of the travel intervals.

[0098] Assumptions:

[0099] a) Each carriage in the convoy has sufficient power to complete the driving task that meets the needs of passengers without the need for charging during the journey.

[0100] b) There are sufficient carriages available for dispatch in each section, and the overall capacity of the system is unlimited.

[0101] c) The modular bus formation has dedicated lanes for safe combination and splitting during the change process, and it can operate safely during this process.

[0102] The preset goals are: minimum passenger waiting time; maximum overall occupancy rate of each carriage; minimum passenger transfer time. The definitions are as follows:

[0103]

[0104] in, For passengersi Waiting time after arriving at the station; C total is the total carrying capacity of the modular bus marshaling drive group and transfer group, n p is the number of passengers. The waiting time for passengers to transfer; is the number of driving carriages in the formation, The carrying capacity of a single drive carriage.

[0105] The constraints include:

[0106] Each convoy must have only one driving car; the rated passenger capacity of the convoy must be greater than the passenger demand; the convoy's flexible vehicle capacity must meet the transfer passenger demand; and finally, for road safety reasons, the maximum convoy length cannot exceed the threshold. The constraints are defined as follows:

[0107]

[0108] In the above series of calculation formulas, the relevant parameter definitions are: is the number of transfer cars in the marshaling, It is the capacity of a single transfer car; is the number of flexible carriages in the marshaling, is the carrying capacity of a single flexible compartment; n P is the number of all passenger demands within the travel range; is the number of all transfer demands within the driving range; N max The maximum length limit for a convoy.

[0109] S4. Each carriage is split and combined at the intersection of the driving range according to the instructions to achieve the fleet formation under the current optimal operation target, and continue to the next section until the operation of the current line is completed.

[0110] Each carriage is split and combined at the junction of the driving range according to the instructions to achieve the fleet formation under the current optimal operation goal and continue to the next range until the operation of the current line is completed.

[0111] The above method is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0112] Figure 1 Describes the modular bus dynamic marshaling effect diagram, Figure 2 The dynamic marshaling mode diagram of modular buses under different form interval states is described, which meets real-time travel needs by combining carriages with different functions. At the same time, when demand is low, the marshaling load is reduced to improve the efficiency of transport resource utilization. Figure 3 The modular bus travel demand and station distribution of passengers are described. Figure 4The modular bus marshaling driving interval division is described, and the same busyness is merged, where station 2 to station 5 are merged into a busy driving interval, and station 5 to station 7 are merged into a station busy driving interval. Figure 5 The dynamic formation of modular buses is described, and the formation of modular buses is dynamically adjusted based on the passenger demand of each station.

[0113] There are 8 trunk stations and several flexible bus docking points on a bus trunk line. The attributes of each functional compartment of the modular bus are shown in Table 1, the passenger OD demand is shown in Table 2, and the busyness of each station segment is shown in Table 3.

[0114] Table 1 Attributes of each functional compartment

[0115] Carriage Type Passenger capacity (persons) Drive mode other Drive compartment 6 Higher specification drive module - Transfer Car 8 Lower specification drive module The drive module automatically stops running when connected to the marshaling Flexible compartment 6 Same as the drive compartment The drive module automatically stops running when connected to the marshaling

[0116] Table 2 Passenger OD demand

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Table 3 Busy categories of inter-station segments

[0120]

[0121] Step 1: Obtain real-time passenger demand and obtain modular bus travel intervals;

[0122] The driving range and busyness of modular buses are shown in Table 4:

[0123] Table 4 Modular bus travel interval and demand table

[0124]

[0125] Step 2: According to the grouping method and the attributes of each carriage, the initial grouping is obtained;

[0126] See also Figure 5 The initial formation is: 1 driving car group and 1 transfer car group.

[0127] Step 3: Dynamically organize modular buses according to the organization method, travel range, and real-time passenger demand; see Figure 5 , the dynamic grouping results are shown in Table 5:

[0128] Table 5 Modular bus dynamic grouping results

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] In summary, this embodiment provides a modular bus dynamic grouping method, which dynamically adjusts the modular bus grouping type according to the modular bus operation characteristics and real-time demand information, improves passenger transfer efficiency, reduces waiting time, and increases the overall bus occupancy rate, thereby saving operating costs and realizing green and efficient operation of modular buses.

[0132] This embodiment also provides a modular bus operation dynamic marshaling system, including:

[0133] A data collection module, used to collect passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and the initial interval, and to divide each station on the bus route into multiple travel intervals;

[0134] The bus marshaling module is used to perform modular bus marshaling according to the demand of the travel interval, in which the carriages are divided into driving carriages, flexible carriages and transfer carriages according to their functions, and at least one driving carriage is equipped in the initial marshaling;

[0135] The dynamic marshaling module is used to collect passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval after the initial marshaling starts, and based on the collected passenger demand data, the carriages are dispatched and dynamically marshaled according to preset targets at the intersection of the travel intervals;

[0136] The bus operation module is used to split and combine each car at the intersection of the driving range according to the instructions, realize the fleet formation under the current optimal operation goal, and continue to the next section until the operation of the current line is completed.

[0137] A modular bus operation dynamic grouping system of this embodiment can execute a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method provided by the method embodiment of the present invention, can execute any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0138] This embodiment also provides a modular bus operation dynamic marshaling device, including:

[0139] at least one processor;

[0140] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0141] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements Figure 6 The method shown.

[0142] A modular bus operation dynamic grouping device of this embodiment can execute a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method provided by the method embodiment of the present invention, can execute any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0143] The present application also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes Figure 6 The method shown.

[0144] This embodiment also provides a storage medium, which stores instructions or programs that can execute a modular bus operation dynamic grouping method provided by the method embodiment of the present invention. When the instructions or programs are run, any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment can be executed, and the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method can be obtained.

[0145] In some selectable embodiments, the function / operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function / operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the present invention is provided by way of example, for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Selectable embodiments are expected, wherein the order of various operations is changed and the sub-operation of a part for which is described as a larger operation is performed independently.

[0146] In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, one or more of the functions and / or features described may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for understanding the present invention. More specifically, in view of the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the device disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the conventional skills of the engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention set forth in the claims without excessive experimentation using ordinary techniques. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0147] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0148] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0149] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0150] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0151] In the above description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / example", "another embodiment / example" or "certain embodiments / examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0152] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0153] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A modular bus operation dynamic grouping method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collecting passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and initial interval, and dividing each station on the bus route into multiple travel intervals; Modular bus marshaling is carried out according to the demand of the travel range, in which the carriages are divided into driving carriages, flexible carriages and transfer carriages according to their functions, and at least one driving carriage is equipped in the initial marshaling; After the initial marshaling starts, the passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval is collected. Based on the collected passenger demand data, carriage scheduling and dynamic marshaling are carried out according to preset targets at the intersection of the travel intervals; Each carriage is split and combined at the intersection of the driving section according to the instructions to achieve the current optimal operation target of the fleet formation, and continue to the next section until the operation of the current line is completed; The functions of the three models are as follows: Driven car: The powered car of a modular bus, which can only travel on the main bus line and has a fixed number of passengers; Flexible carriages: Travel on bus feeder lines, match destinations according to passenger needs, and provide door-to-door bus services; can be flexibly split and combined between bus trunk lines and transfer carriages to achieve seamless transfers and reduce energy consumption, and realize flexible grouping of modular bus transfers; It has the same driving system as the driving carriage. When the driving carriage group is connected to the main line, the driving system is automatically disconnected; Transfer car: can only travel on the main bus line, and can be combined with the drive car to improve the carrying capacity of the modular bus line; another function of the transfer car is to connect the flexible car to realize the transfer of passengers during driving, or to temporarily accommodate the transfer passengers during the operation of the vehicle until the passengers transfer to the next flexible car to the destination, so as to realize the flexible grouping of modular bus transfer; the transfer car has a lower specification drive system, and the drive system is automatically disconnected after connecting to the drive car; The modular bus marshaling according to the demand of the travel interval includes: A1. Obtain historical demand data and real-time demand of the routes operated by the modular bus; A2. The carrying capacity of the initial marshaling is expressed as follows: Where α is the demand record coefficient; W h,t is the passenger demand in period t in historical data, N t is the total number of historical data; W s is the passenger demand of each station in the modular bus station set S at the departure time, n S is the total number of stations on the line; A3. According to the carrying capacity C initial and the rated carrying capacity of each vehicle type, and combine the driving vehicle and the transfer vehicle to form the initial marshaling; the initial marshaling shall comply with the following conditions: C initial ≤C drive +n t ×C transit In the formula, C drive Indicates the carrying capacity of the driving vehicle, C transit is the transfer vehicle capacity, n t is the number of transfer vehicles; A4, obtain a driving carriage consisting of 1 and n t The initial formation consists of transfer cars.

2. A modular bus operation dynamic grouping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting of passenger demands of each station on the modular bus route and the initial interval, and dividing each station on the bus route into a plurality of travel intervals, includes: Collect real-time passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and initial section through video surveillance equipment, station historical data or APP reservation information; According to historical travel OD, real-time passenger demand, passenger flow, and door service demand within the interval, each station on the bus line is divided into multiple travel intervals between stations in sequence; the travel interval is defined as the area between stations on the line, and each area between stations is divided into station busy travel interval, door busy travel interval, busy travel interval, and non-busy travel interval according to the busyness of each service type; According to the transport capacity of the stations and initial marshaling, the driving intervals between stations with the same busyness are merged to obtain the modular bus marshaling driving intervals.

3. A modular bus operation dynamic grouping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the initial marshaling starts, passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval is collected, and based on the collected passenger demand data, carriage scheduling and dynamic marshaling are performed according to preset targets at the alternation of the travel intervals, including: After the initial modular bus formation departs, it continues to collect passenger demand data at each station in the next travel interval; Carriage scheduling and dynamic marshaling are carried out to minimize passenger station waiting time, transfer waiting time and maximize passenger occupancy rate; Determine vehicle train length and capacity limits to meet the constraints of door and station service requirements and transfer demands.

4. A modular bus operation dynamic grouping method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expression of the preset target is: For passengers i The waiting time The calculation formula is: Within the driving range, the modular bus group carrying capacity C total The calculation formula is: For passengers i In terms of waiting time for passengers to transfer The time from when a passenger needs to enter the transfer car or drive car to wait for the flexible car to when the flexible car connects and completes the passenger transfer. The calculation formula is: in, It is expressed as the number of driving carriages in the formation, Indicates the carrying capacity of a single driving carriage. Indicates the number of transfer cars in the marshaling. Indicates the carrying capacity of a single transfer car. Indicates the number of flexible cars in the marshaling. Indicates the carrying capacity of a single flexible compartment; n p represents the total number of passenger demands within the travel interval, t off-transit Indicates the time when the transfer passengers finish waiting for the transfer, t on-transit Indicates the time when transfer passengers start waiting for their transfer.

5. A modular bus operation dynamic grouping method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constraints are: Each convoy must have only one driving car; the rated passenger capacity of the convoy must be greater than the passenger demand; the flexible vehicle capacity of the convoy must meet the transfer passenger demand; for road safety considerations, the maximum convoy length cannot exceed the threshold; the constraint condition is expressed as: in, is the number of all transfer demands within the driving range; N max The maximum length limit for a convoy.

6. A modular bus operation dynamic marshaling system, applied to a modular bus operation dynamic marshaling method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: A data collection module, used to collect passenger demand at each station on the modular bus route and the initial interval, and to divide each station on the bus route into multiple travel intervals; The bus marshaling module is used to perform modular bus marshaling according to the demand of the travel interval, in which the carriages are divided into driving carriages, flexible carriages and transfer carriages according to their functions, and at least one driving carriage is equipped in the initial marshaling; The dynamic marshaling module is used to collect passenger demand data of each station in the next travel interval after the initial marshaling starts, and based on the collected passenger demand data, the carriages are dispatched and dynamically marshaled according to preset targets at the intersection of the travel intervals; The bus operation module is used to split and combine each car at the intersection of the driving range according to the instructions, realize the fleet formation under the current optimal operation goal, and continue to the next section until the operation of the current line is completed.

7. A modular bus operation dynamic marshaling device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor, characterized in that: The processor-executable program is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed by the processor.

Images