An electroosmosis drainage system for soil tunnels

Abstract

A soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system comprises a first pore water pressure gauge, a conical electrode, a first insulating gasket, a supporting steel pipe, a second pore water pressure gauge, a second insulating gasket, a cylindrical electrode, a drainage pipe, a wire, a programmable power supply and a vacuum pump; the tip of the conical electrode is provided with the first pore water pressure gauge, the bottom of the conical electrode is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket by means of nail-free glue, and the other side of the first insulating gasket is fixedly connected to one end of the supporting steel pipe by means of nail-free glue; the other end of the supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket by means of nail-free glue, and the other side of the second insulating gasket is fixedly connected to the cylindrical electrode by means of nail-free glue; the cylindrical electrode is cylindrical, and the side of the cylindrical electrode is provided with the second pore water pressure gauge; the first pore water pressure gauge, the conical electrode, the second pore water pressure gauge and the cylindrical electrode are all connected to the programmable power supply by means of wires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement treatment, and in particular relates to an earth tunnel electroosmosis drainage system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the reinforcement methods for soil tunnel surrounding rock are usually pre-reinforcement with shed pipes, advanced pipes and grouting reinforcement, but these reinforcement methods are not ideal for soil layers with rich groundwater content. In addition, during construction in the rainy season, the seepage of water in the soil makes the cement slurry injected into the soil easy to be lost, further reducing the reinforcement effect. In the later operation process, the moisture in the soil increases due to rainfall factors, which has a greater harm to the tunnel lining structure.

[0003] The electroosmosis method can quickly drain the water from the surrounding rock, avoid the loss of cement slurry, strengthen the surrounding rock soil, and continuously drain the water from the soil during operation, avoiding the erosion of the lining structure by groundwater. Existing research results show that due to the long-term constant external potential power supply, the water content of the soil near the anode gradually decreases, the resistance gradually increases, and the electroosmosis effect becomes worse and worse, which will cause high energy consumption, severe electrode corrosion, poor drainage effect in the later stage of electroosmosis, uneven reinforcement and other problems.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new electro-osmosis drainage system for soil tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electro-osmosis drainage system for a soil tunnel to solve the problem that the current reinforcement method for the surrounding rock of a soil tunnel proposed in the background technology is not ideal for soil layers with rich groundwater content. Due to the long-term constant external potential power supply, the water content of the soil near the anode gradually decreases, the resistance gradually increases, and the electro-osmosis effect becomes worse and worse, which will cause high energy consumption, serious electrode corrosion, poor drainage effect in the later stage of electro-osmosis, uneven reinforcement and other problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system, comprising a first pore water pressure gauge, a conical electrode, a first insulating gasket, a supporting steel pipe, a second pore water pressure gauge, a second insulating gasket, a cylindrical electrode, a drainage pipe, a conductor, a programmable power supply and a vacuum pump;

[0007] The upper half of the conical electrode is in the shape of a cone, the lower half of the conical electrode is in the shape of a cylinder, the tip of the conical electrode is provided with a first pore water pressure gauge, the bottom of the conical electrode is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket by nail-free glue, the other side of the first insulating gasket is fixedly connected to one end of the supporting steel pipe by nail-free glue; the other end of the supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket by nail-free glue, the other side of the second insulating gasket is fixedly connected to the cylindrical electrode by nail-free glue; the cylindrical electrode is in the shape of a cylinder, and the side of the cylindrical electrode is provided with a second pore water pressure gauge;

[0008] The inner bodies of the conical electrode and the cylindrical electrode are both made of foam metal material; the drain pipe includes a first drain pipe and a second drain pipe, one end of the first drain pipe is connected to the foam metal material inside the conical electrode, and the other end of the first drain pipe is connected to the vacuum pump; one end of the second drain pipe is connected to the foam metal material inside the cylindrical electrode, and the other end of the second drain pipe is also connected to the vacuum pump;

[0009] The first pore water pressure gauge, the conical electrode, the second pore water pressure gauge and the cylindrical electrode are all connected to a programmable power supply through wires. The programmable power supply is used to control the power supply voltage and current direction according to the water pressure measured by the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the outermost layers of the conical electrode and the cylindrical electrode are both provided with a porous conductive graphite protective layer, and a water-permeable filter membrane layer is provided between the foam metal material and the porous conductive graphite protective layer of the conical electrode and the cylindrical electrode.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the porous conductive graphite protective layer is 0.05~2mm, and the thickness of the water permeable filter membrane layer is 0.01~1mm; the water permeable filter membrane layer adopts nylon membrane, polyethersulfone PES membrane, mixed cellulose membrane MCE, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane or PP filter membrane; the foam metal material adopts aluminum, nickel, copper, nickel-copper alloy, aluminum-nickel alloy, aluminum-copper alloy or aluminum-nickel-copper alloy.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, a stainless steel plate is provided at the bottom of the conical electrode, and stainless steel plates are also provided at the top and bottom of the cylindrical electrode. The stainless steel plates are welded to the contacting foam metal material, and the lower plate surface of the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the conical electrode is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket by nail-free glue; the upper plate surface of the stainless steel plate at the top of the cylindrical electrode is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket by nail-free glue.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the surface of the supporting steel pipe is coated with an anti-oxidation coating.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the outer diameters of the lower half of the conical electrode, the first insulating washer, the supporting steel pipe, the second insulating washer and the cylindrical electrode are all the same.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the outer diameters of the lower half of the conical electrode, the first insulating washer, the supporting steel pipe, the second insulating washer and the cylindrical electrode are set to 10~30mm, the length of the upper half of the conical electrode is 60~120mm, the length of the lower half of the conical electrode is 40~80mm, the length of the cylindrical electrode is 100~200mm, the wall thickness of the supporting steel pipe is 1~4mm, the first insulating washer and the second insulating washer are both made of rubber, and the side wall thickness of the first insulating washer and the second insulating washer is 5~20mm.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the programmable power supply includes a power supply voltage control panel and a power supply current direction control device.

[0017] The power supply voltage control panel is connected to the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge through wires, and controls the rise and fall of the power supply voltage according to the real-time measured values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge;

[0018] The power supply current direction control device comprises a power supply positive electrode, a power supply negative electrode, a power supply current direction control panel, an insulating shaft, and a metal conductor. The power supply current direction control panel is respectively connected to a first pore water pressure gauge and a second pore water pressure gauge through a wire. The two metal conductors are not in contact and are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the insulating shaft. The upper end of one metal conductor is connected to a conical electrode through a wire, and the upper end of another metal conductor is connected to a cylindrical electrode through another wire.

[0019] The lower ends of the two metal conductors are connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply respectively. The electrode connected to the positive pole of the power supply is the anode, and the electrode connected to the negative pole of the power supply is the cathode. The insulating shaft is used to drive the two metal conductors to rotate so that the electrodes are reversed to control the direction of the current.

[0020] The power supply current direction control panel is used to control the rotation of the insulating shaft according to the real-time measured values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the power supply voltage control panel adjusts the power supply voltage up and down according to the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge;

[0022] When the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge increases, the power supply voltage increases accordingly, the electric field is enhanced, the electroosmosis effect is enhanced, and the drainage volume increases; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge decreases, the power supply voltage decreases accordingly, the electric field is weakened, the electroosmosis effect is weakened, and the drainage volume decreases; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge is lower than the set minimum water pressure threshold, the power supply is turned off and the vacuum pump is turned off.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the power supply current direction control device controls the current direction according to the difference between the values ​​measured by the first pore water pressure gauge and the second pore water pressure gauge;

[0024] When the water pressure at the cathode is greater than the water pressure at the anode, and the difference exceeds the set threshold, the current direction control panel controls the insulating shaft to rotate so that the two metal conductors drive the wires to rotate, converting the positive and negative poles, turning the original cathode into the anode, and the original cathode into the anode. At the same time, the vacuum pump port of the drain pipe connected to the current anode is closed, and the vacuum pump port of the drain pipe connected to the current cathode is opened.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention rapidly discharges moisture from the surrounding rock of an earthen tunnel through electroosmosis and vacuum negative pressure, thereby avoiding the loss of cement slurry during grouting reinforcement and reinforcing the surrounding rock soil. During use, the pore water pressure gauge can continuously monitor the water pressure, and the control panel can adjust the voltage rise and fall and the current direction of the power supply electrode according to the measured value of the pore water pressure gauge, thereby achieving a better reinforcement effect and protecting the electrode material, thereby avoiding the erosion of the lining structure by groundwater.

[0027] The present invention can effectively improve the disadvantages of traditional electroosmosis by changing the power supply voltage and current direction, can promote a more uniform soil reinforcement effect, improve electroosmosis drainage efficiency, reduce power consumption, neutralize the adverse effects of electrode reactions, and reduce electrode corrosion.

[0028] The surfaces of the metal electrodes of the present invention are covered with a conductive graphite protective layer, which can withstand various soil environments and electrochemical corrosion, and can ensure that the electric field strength in the soil during the electro-osmosis process is maintained within the designed range for a long time.

[0029] The main material of the conical electrode and the cylindrical electrode of the present invention is a foam metal material, which is full of interconnected pores, so that water can fill the internal space and flow, thereby preventing the metal material from rusting when in contact with air. The conical electrode and the cylindrical electrode are connected to a vacuum pump through a drainage pipe, so that the conical electrode and the cylindrical electrode are in a vacuum negative pressure state, so that the water can be quickly discharged from the soil.

[0030] The power supply of the present invention can control the power switch and the voltage rise and fall according to the minimum value of the pore water pressure, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing the loss of electrode materials. It can also reverse the electrodes according to the difference in pore water pressure to avoid the continuous decrease of water content near the anode, increase of resistance, and reduction of electroosmosis effect, while avoiding oxidation corrosion of the electrode material when it continues to serve as an anode.

[0031] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a part inserted into soil surrounding rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a conical electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cylindrical electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of an electroosmosis drainage system for a soil tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a water flow direction diagram of a conical electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a water flow direction diagram of a cylindrical electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Among them, 1. conical electrode; 2. cylindrical electrode; 3. supporting steel pipe; 41. first insulating gasket; 42. second insulating gasket; 51. first pore water pressure gauge; 52. second pore water pressure gauge; 6. drainage pipe; 7. wire; 8. programmable power supply; 81. power supply voltage control panel; 82. power supply current direction control device; 821. positive pole of power supply; 822. negative pole of power supply; 823. power supply current direction control panel; 824. insulating rotating shaft; 825. metal conductor; 9. vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] An electroosmosis drainage system for a soil tunnel, comprising a first pore water pressure gauge 51, a conical electrode 1, a first insulating gasket 41, a supporting steel pipe 3, a second pore water pressure gauge 52, a second insulating gasket 42, a cylindrical electrode 2, a drainage pipe 6, a conductor 7, a programmable power supply 8 and a vacuum pump 9;

[0044] The upper half of the conical electrode 1 is in the shape of a cone, and the lower half of the conical electrode 1 is in the shape of a cylinder. The tip of the conical electrode 1 is provided with a first pore water pressure gauge 51. The bottom of the conical electrode 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket 41 by nail-free glue, and the other side of the first insulating gasket 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the supporting steel pipe 3 by nail-free glue; the other end of the supporting steel pipe 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket 42 by nail-free glue, and the other side of the second insulating gasket 42 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical electrode 2 by nail-free glue; the cylindrical electrode 2 is in the shape of a cylinder, and the side of the cylindrical electrode 2 is provided with a second pore water pressure gauge 52;

[0045] The inner bodies of the conical electrode 1 and the cylindrical electrode 2 are both made of foam metal material; the drain pipe 6 includes a first drain pipe and a second drain pipe, one end of the first drain pipe is connected to the foam metal material inside the conical electrode 1, and the other end of the first drain pipe is connected to the vacuum pump 9; one end of the second drain pipe is connected to the foam metal material inside the cylindrical electrode 2, and the other end of the second drain pipe is also connected to the vacuum pump 9;

[0046] The first pore water pressure gauge 51 , the conical electrode 1 , the second pore water pressure gauge 52 and the cylindrical electrode 2 are all connected to the programmable power supply 8 through wires. The programmable power supply 8 is used to control the power supply voltage and current direction according to the water pressure measured by the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 .

[0047] The outermost layers of the conical electrode 1 and the cylindrical electrode 2 are both provided with a porous conductive graphite protective layer, and a water-permeable filter membrane layer is provided between the foam metal material of the conical electrode 1 and the cylindrical electrode 2 and the porous conductive graphite protective layer.

[0048] The thickness of the porous conductive graphite protective layer is 1 mm, and the thickness of the water-permeable filter membrane layer is 1 mm.

[0049] A stainless steel plate is provided at the bottom of the conical electrode 1, and stainless steel plates are also provided at the top and bottom of the cylindrical electrode 2. The stainless steel plates are welded and connected to the contacting foam metal material. The lower plate surface of the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the conical electrode 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket 41 by nail-free glue; the upper plate surface of the stainless steel plate at the top of the cylindrical electrode 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket 42 by nail-free glue.

[0050] The surface of the supporting steel pipe 3 is coated with an anti-oxidation coating.

[0051] The outer diameters of the lower half of the conical electrode 1 , the first insulating washer 41 , the supporting steel pipe 3 , the second insulating washer 42 and the cylindrical electrode 2 are all the same.

[0052] The outer diameters of the lower half of the conical electrode 1, the first insulating gasket 41, the supporting steel tube 3, the second insulating gasket 42 and the cylindrical electrode 2 are set to 30 mm, the length of the upper half of the conical electrode 1 is 100 mm, the length of the lower half of the conical electrode 1 is 50 mm, the length of the cylindrical electrode 2 is 150 mm, the wall thickness of the supporting steel tube 3 is 3 mm, the first insulating gasket 41 and the second insulating gasket 42 are both made of rubber, and the side wall thickness of the first insulating gasket 41 and the second insulating gasket 42 is 10 mm.

[0053] The insulating gasket avoids direct connection between the cathode and the anode when power is turned on, and the rubber material has strong toughness, which improves the overall deformation resistance of the structure.

[0054] The programmable power supply 8 includes a power supply voltage control panel 81 and a power supply current direction control device 82.

[0055] The power supply voltage control panel 81 is connected to the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 through the wire 7, and controls the rise and fall of the power supply voltage according to the real-time measured values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52;

[0056] The power supply current direction control device 82 includes a power supply positive electrode 821, a power supply negative electrode 822, a power supply current direction control panel 823, an insulating shaft 824, and a metal conductor 825. The power supply current direction control panel 823 is respectively connected to the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 through a wire 7. The two metal conductors 825 are not in contact and are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the insulating shaft 824. The upper end of one metal conductor 825 is connected to the conical electrode 1 through a wire 7, and the upper end of the other metal conductor 825 is connected to the cylindrical electrode 2 through another wire 7.

[0057] The lower ends of the two metal conductors 825 are connected to the positive electrode 821 and the negative electrode 822 of the power supply respectively. The electrode connected to the positive electrode 821 of the power supply is the anode, and the electrode connected to the negative electrode 822 of the power supply is the cathode. The insulating shaft 824 is used to drive the two metal conductors 825 to rotate so that the electrodes are reversed to control the direction of the current.

[0058] The power current direction control panel 823 is used to control the rotation of the insulating shaft 824 according to the real-time measurement values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 .

[0059] The power supply voltage control panel 81 adjusts the rise and fall of the power supply voltage according to the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 rises, the power supply voltage rises accordingly, the electric field is enhanced, the electroosmosis effect is enhanced, and the drainage volume increases; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 drops, the power supply voltage drops accordingly, the electric field is weakened, the electroosmosis effect is weakened, and the drainage volume decreases; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 is lower than the set minimum water pressure threshold, the power supply is turned off, and the vacuum pump 9 is turned off. By controlling the rise and fall of voltage with the rise and fall of water pressure in this way, energy consumption and electrode material loss are reduced.

[0060] The power supply current direction control device 82 controls the current direction according to the difference between the values ​​measured by the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52; when the water pressure of the cathode is greater than the water pressure of the anode, and the difference exceeds the set threshold, the current direction control panel 823 controls the insulating shaft 824 to rotate so that the two metal conductors 825 drive the wires to rotate, converting the positive and negative poles, so that the original cathode becomes the anode, and the original cathode becomes the anode, and at the same time the vacuum pump 9 port connected to the drain pipe 6 of the current anode is closed, and the vacuum pump 9 port connected to the drain pipe 6 of the current cathode is opened. In this way, the water content near the anode is prevented from continuously decreasing, the resistance is increased, and the electroosmosis effect is reduced, and at the same time, the oxidation corrosion of the electrode material when it continues to serve as the anode is avoided.

[0061] The specific construction steps of the earth tunnel electroosmosis drainage system to treat the surrounding rock of the earth tunnel are as follows:

[0062] 1) According to the design reinforcement depth requirements, the supporting steel pipe 3 of the corresponding length is processed, and the two ends are connected to the first insulating gasket 41 and the second insulating gasket 42 respectively with the construction nail-free glue, the first insulating gasket 41 and the conical electrode 1 are connected with the construction nail-free glue, and the second insulating gasket 42 and the cylindrical electrode 2 are connected with the construction nail-free glue.

[0063] The first drain pipe is connected to the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the conical electrode 1, and the second drain pipe is connected to the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the cylindrical electrode 2. At the same time, different wires 7 are used to connect the conical electrode 1, the cylindrical electrode 2, the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 respectively, and the wires 7 are wrapped with a waterproof insulating protective layer.

[0064] The wire connected to the first pore water pressure gauge 51 passes through the conical electrode 1, the first insulating gasket 41, the supporting steel pipe 3, the second insulating gasket 42, and the cylindrical electrode 2; the wire connected to the conical electrode 1 passes through the first insulating gasket 41, the supporting steel pipe 3, the second insulating gasket 42, and the cylindrical electrode 2; the wire connected to the second pore water pressure gauge 52 passes through the second insulating gasket 42 and the cylindrical electrode 2.

[0065] 2) After tunnel excavation and before lining is applied, the assembled first pore water pressure gauge 51, cone electrode 1, first insulating gasket 41, supporting steel pipe 3, second pore water pressure gauge 52, second insulating gasket 42, cylindrical electrode 2, drainage pipe 6, and wire 7 are inserted into the surrounding rock and soil, the drainage pipe 6 is connected to the vacuum pump 9, the wire 7 is connected to the programmable power supply 8, the programmable power supply voltage control panel 81 is connected to the vacuum pump 9, the parameters of the programmable power supply 8 are adjusted according to the design requirements, the power supply is turned on, and the vacuum pump 9 is turned on at the same time to start electroosmosis drainage.

[0066] 3) After the tunnel construction is completed, the minimum pore water pressure threshold and the increase ratio of the power supply voltage with the increase of water pressure are set on the power supply voltage control panel 81 of the programmable power supply 8, and the pore water pressure difference threshold is set on the power supply current direction control panel 823. When the minimum measured value in the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 increases, the power supply voltage increases accordingly. When the minimum measured value in the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 decreases, the power supply voltage decreases accordingly. When the minimum measured value in the first pore water pressure gauge 51 and the second pore water pressure gauge 52 is lower than the set minimum water pressure threshold, the power supply is turned off and the vacuum pump is turned off. When the current water pressure of the cathode is greater than the anode water pressure, and the difference exceeds the set threshold, the current direction control panel controls the insulating shaft to rotate, so that the two metal conductors drive the wires to rotate, and the positive and negative poles are converted, so that the original cathode becomes the anode, and the original cathode becomes the anode. At the same time, the vacuum pump port of the drainage pipe connected to the current anode is closed, and the vacuum pump port of the drainage pipe connected to the current cathode is opened.

[0067] The present invention can form an electric field in the soil after power is turned on, and the moisture in the soil quickly gathers to one of the two electrodes and flows out of the soil under the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 9, thereby reinforcing the surrounding rock and soil and avoiding the loss of cement slurry injected into the soil.

[0068] The present invention effectively solves the problem that the traditional grouting reinforcement method is prone to loss in the surrounding rock of the earthen tunnel with rich groundwater content. The water in the surrounding rock of the earthen tunnel is quickly discharged through electroosmosis and vacuum negative pressure, and the surrounding rock soil is reinforced. During use, the power supply can control the power switch, voltage increase and decrease, and electrode reversal according to the minimum value and difference of the pore water pressure, thereby reducing energy consumption and electrode material loss, avoiding the continuous decrease of water content near the anode and the increase of resistance, which reduces the electroosmosis effect, and at the same time avoids oxidation corrosion of the electrode material when it continues to serve as an anode.

[0069] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electroosmosis drainage system for soil tunnels, It is characterized in that It comprises a first pore water pressure gauge (51), a conical electrode (1), a first insulating gasket (41), a supporting steel pipe (3), a second pore water pressure gauge (52), a second insulating gasket (42), a cylindrical electrode (2), a drainage pipe (6), a wire (7), a programmable power supply (8) and a vacuum pump (9); The upper half of the conical electrode (1) is in the shape of a cone, the lower half of the conical electrode (1) is in the shape of a cylinder, the tip of the conical electrode (1) is provided with a first pore water pressure gauge (51), the bottom of the conical electrode (1) is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket (41) by means of nail-free glue, the other side of the first insulating gasket (41) is fixedly connected to one end of the supporting steel pipe (3) by means of nail-free glue; the other end of the supporting steel pipe (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket (42) by means of nail-free glue, the other side of the second insulating gasket (42) is fixedly connected to the cylindrical electrode (2) by means of nail-free glue; the cylindrical electrode (2) is in the shape of a cylinder, and the side of the cylindrical electrode (2) is provided with a second pore water pressure gauge (52); The inner bodies of the conical electrode (1) and the cylindrical electrode (2) are both made of foam metal material; the drainage pipe (6) comprises a first drainage pipe and a second drainage pipe, one end of the first drainage pipe is connected to the foam metal material inside the conical electrode (1), and the other end of the first drainage pipe is connected to the vacuum pump (9); one end of the second drainage pipe is connected to the foam metal material inside the cylindrical electrode (2), and the other end of the second drainage pipe is also connected to the vacuum pump (9); The first pore water pressure gauge (51), the conical electrode (1), the second pore water pressure gauge (52) and the cylindrical electrode (2) are all connected to a programmable power supply (8) via wires, and the programmable power supply (8) is used to control the power supply voltage and current direction according to the water pressure measured by the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52); The programmable power supply (8) comprises a power supply voltage control panel (81) and a power supply current direction control device (82). The power supply voltage control panel (81) is respectively connected to the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52) via a wire (7), and controls the rise and fall of the power supply voltage according to the real-time measured values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52); The power supply current direction control device (82) comprises a power supply positive electrode (821), a power supply negative electrode (822), a power supply current direction control panel (823), an insulating shaft (824), and a metal conductor (825). The power supply current direction control panel (823) is respectively connected to a first pore water pressure gauge (51) and a second pore water pressure gauge (52) via a wire (7). Two metal conductors (825) are not in contact with each other and are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the insulating shaft (824). The upper end of one metal conductor (825) is connected to a conical electrode (1) via a wire (7), and the upper end of another metal conductor (825) is connected to a cylindrical electrode (2) via another wire (7). The lower ends of the two metal conductors (825) are respectively connected to the positive electrode (821) and the negative electrode (822) of the power supply. The electrode connected to the positive electrode (821) of the power supply is the anode, and the electrode connected to the negative electrode (822) of the power supply is the cathode. The insulating shaft (824) is used to drive the two metal conductors (825) to rotate so that the electrodes are reversed, thereby controlling the direction of the current. The power current direction control panel (823) is used to control the rotation of the insulating rotating shaft (824) according to the real-time measured values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52); The power supply voltage control panel (81) adjusts the power supply voltage up or down according to the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52); When the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52) increases, the power supply voltage increases accordingly, the electric field is enhanced, the electroosmotic effect is enhanced, and the drainage volume increases; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52) decreases, the power supply voltage decreases accordingly, the electric field is weakened, the electroosmotic effect is weakened, and the drainage volume decreases; when the minimum measured value of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52) is lower than the set minimum water pressure threshold, the power supply is turned off, and the vacuum pump (9) is turned off.

2. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The outermost layers of the conical electrode (1) and the cylindrical electrode (2) are both provided with a porous conductive graphite protective layer, and a water-permeable filter membrane layer is provided between the foam metal material of the conical electrode (1) and the cylindrical electrode (2) and the porous conductive graphite protective layer.

3. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The thickness of the porous conductive graphite protective layer is 0.05-2 mm, and the thickness of the water-permeable filter membrane layer is 0.01-1 mm; the water-permeable filter membrane layer adopts nylon membrane, polyethersulfone PES membrane, mixed cellulose membrane MCE, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane or PP filter membrane; the foam metal material adopts aluminum, nickel, copper, nickel-copper alloy, aluminum-nickel alloy, aluminum-copper alloy or aluminum-nickel-copper alloy.

4. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A stainless steel plate is provided at the bottom of the conical electrode (1), and stainless steel plates are also provided at the top and bottom of the cylindrical electrode (2). The stainless steel plates are welded to the contacting foam metal material, and the lower plate surface of the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the conical electrode (1) is fixedly connected to one side of the first insulating gasket (41) by means of nail-free glue; and the upper plate surface of the stainless steel plate at the top of the cylindrical electrode (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the second insulating gasket (42) by means of nail-free glue.

5. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The surface of the supporting steel pipe (3) is coated with an anti-oxidation coating.

6. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The outer diameters of the lower half of the conical electrode (1), the first insulating gasket (41), the supporting steel pipe (3), the second insulating gasket (42) and the cylindrical electrode (2) are all the same.

7. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The outer diameters of the lower part of the conical electrode (1), the first insulating gasket (41), the supporting steel pipe (3), the second insulating gasket (42) and the cylindrical electrode (2) are set to 10-30 mm, the length of the upper part of the conical electrode (1) is 60-120 mm, the length of the lower part of the conical electrode (1) is 40-80 mm, the length of the cylindrical electrode (2) is 100-200 mm, the wall thickness of the supporting steel pipe (3) is 1-4 mm, the first insulating gasket (41) and the second insulating gasket (42) are both made of rubber, and the side wall thickness of the first insulating gasket (41) and the second insulating gasket (42) is 5-20 mm.

8. The soil tunnel electroosmosis drainage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The power supply current direction control device (82) controls the current direction according to the difference between the measured values ​​of the first pore water pressure gauge (51) and the second pore water pressure gauge (52); When the water pressure of the cathode is greater than the water pressure of the anode, and the difference exceeds a set threshold, the current direction control panel (823) controls the insulating shaft (824) to rotate so that the two metal conductors (825) drive the wires to rotate, converting the positive and negative poles, so that the original cathode becomes the anode, and the original cathode becomes the anode. At the same time, the vacuum pump (9) port connected to the drainage pipe (6) of the current anode is closed, and the vacuum pump (9) port connected to the drainage pipe (6) of the current cathode is opened.

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