A straightness detection device and a detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a straightness detection device and method, wherein a steel wire is arranged on a measuring platform as a reference line; an inside diameter micrometer is arranged at one end of a detection unit box, and the other end of the detection unit box is attached to a guide rail surface of a workpiece to be detected; one end of an output end of the detection unit box is electrically connected to the steel wire through a wire, and the other end of the output end of the detection unit box is connected to a measuring head of the inside diameter micrometer through a wire; and a display lamp is arranged on one side of the detection unit box. The inside diameter micrometer, the steel wire and the detection unit box are cooperated to measure the guide rail surface of the part to be detected; the display lamp displays the contact state between the measuring head of the inside diameter micrometer and the guide rail surface, and the value can be read when the inside diameter micrometer and the guide rail surface are slightly touched; the error caused by manual measurement can be avoided, and accurate and stable measurement can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field, and in particular relates to a device and method for detecting straightness. Background Technology

[0002] In the engineering and manufacturing process, there are frequent requirements for testing the straightness of products. Currently, there are various methods and means for testing the straightness of products, such as using photoelectric collimators, laser interferometers, levels, and marble straightedges. Different products and different locations require different methods. All of the above-mentioned testing devices have limitations, inconveniences in use, and high operating and maintenance costs.

[0003] With the continuous development of technology, various testing instruments and methods for detecting the straightness of parts or equipment have emerged on the market. For example, high-cost, high-precision testing instruments include laser interferometers, photoelectric autocollimators, and marble straightedges. Among these, laser interferometers and photoelectric collimators are expensive, require a high level of operator skill, and are inconvenient to operate. Marble straightedges, besides being expensive, are also limited by their length and generally cannot be used to test the straightness of long-distance equipment or parts. Moreover, all of these instruments are high-precision testing instruments, and there are various constraints and inconveniences in handling, carrying, and logistics.

[0004] Currently, the direct inspection method, represented by the steel wire method, is used in the market to inspect the straightness of continuous or discontinuous surfaces of medium and large-sized parts, as well as the straightness required for the installation of medium and large-sized precision equipment. In actual measurement, the reading is taken by visually observing the position of the inside micrometer in contact with the steel wire. However, differences in the inspector's eyesight, observation angle, and level of eye fatigue, as well as variations in the contact force between the inside micrometer and the reference steel wire, will all introduce different errors into the reading, resulting in varying degrees of deviation in the final result.

[0005] This application, starting from the perspective of market demand and application, and based on the above-mentioned shortcomings, adopts the design concept of mechatronics. According to the principles and devices of electricity, it determines the instantaneous position when the inside micrometer contacts the reference steel wire by observing whether the photodiode light is on or off, and records the reading value based on this.

[0006] This eliminates the subjective factors of the testing personnel, resulting in high and stable testing accuracy, low operating costs, and convenient operation. It also greatly improves the convenience and accuracy of readings and enhances the overall measurement efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for detecting straightness. This method involves using a detection unit box, an inside micrometer, and a steel wire rope to measure the guide surface of the part to be measured. An indicator light displays the contact state between the measuring head of the inside micrometer and the guide surface. Values ​​can be read when the measuring head of the inside micrometer is in a state of slight contact with the guide surface. This method avoids errors caused by manual measurement, achieves accurate and stable measurement, has low operating costs, is easy to operate, and greatly improves the convenience and accuracy of readings, as well as overall measurement efficiency.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention relates to a straightness detection device and method, comprising a testing platform with a steel wire serving as a reference line; a detection unit box; an inside micrometer mounted on one end of the detection unit box, and the other end of the detection unit box in contact with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested; one output end of the detection unit box is electrically connected to the steel wire via a wire, and the other output end of the detection unit box is connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer via a wire; and an indicator light is mounted on one side of the detection unit box.

[0010] Furthermore, when testing the horizontal guide surface of the workpiece, the test platform is equipped with two supports. One end of the steel wire is fixed to the top of one of the supports, and the other end of the steel wire passes through the top of the other support and is fitted with a plumb bob at the end.

[0011] Furthermore, when testing the vertical guide rail surface of the workpiece, the test platform is equipped with a bracket, which is attached to the top of the workpiece by an electromagnet; one end of the steel wire is fixed to the end of the bracket, and a plumb bob is installed at the other end of the steel wire to keep the steel wire vertical.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the bracket is provided with a lead screw structure, and the steel wire is set on the adjusting nut of the lead screw structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the detection unit box includes a metal housing; a control circuit is installed in the middle of the metal housing; a cover plate is installed on the top of the metal housing; the cover plate is fixed to the metal housing by a number of fixing screws.

[0014] Furthermore, the control circuit of the detection unit box includes a relay KA, a battery, a resistor R, and an adjustable resistor RP; one end of the adjustable resistor RP is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP is connected in series with a Zener diode ZD and the coil of the relay KA, and then connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer through a wire; one end of the resistor R is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP is connected in series with an indicator light and the contacts of the relay KA, and then connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer through a wire; the positive terminal of the battery is connected to a steel wire through a wire.

[0015] Furthermore, an electromagnet is installed on the side of the detection unit box that is in contact with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested, and the electromagnet is controlled by an electromagnetic switch to turn the power supply on and off.

[0016] A method for detecting straightness using a straightness detection device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] Stp1: Place the workpiece to be measured on the platform and support it so that the steel wire is parallel to the guide rail surface of the workpiece and the distance between the steel wire and the guide rail surface of the workpiece is within the detectable range of the inside micrometer.

[0018] Stp2. Measure the distance between the steel wire and the two ends of the guide rail surface being measured through the detection unit box, and adjust the distance between the steel wire and the guide rail surface being measured by adjusting the nuts on the adjusting bracket until the distance between the steel wire and the two ends of the guide rail surface being measured is completely equal, thus completing the positioning adjustment of the reference unit.

[0019] Stp3: Start the test from one end of the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested, and perform a measurement at intervals of several distances until the other end of the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested is reached.

[0020] The measurement process includes the following sub-steps:

[0021] SS01. Fit the detection unit box with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being measured; then electrically connect the wire to the measuring head and steel wire of the inside micrometer.

[0022] SS02. Rotate the inside micrometer to measure the distance between the measuring head of the inside micrometer and the steel wire, and observe the indicator light on the detection unit box;

[0023] SS03. When the indicator light on the monitoring unit box is on, read the value of the inside micrometer.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention uses a detection unit box, an inside micrometer, and a steel wire rope to measure the guide surface of the part to be measured. An indicator light displays the contact status between the measuring head of the inside micrometer and the guide surface. Values ​​can be read when the measuring head of the inside micrometer is in a state of slight contact with the guide surface. This avoids errors caused by manual measurement, achieves accurate and stable measurement, has low operating costs, is easy to operate, and greatly improves the convenience and accuracy of readings, as well as overall measurement efficiency.

[0026] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a straightness detection device;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point I;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point II;

[0031] Figure 4 Exploded view of the inspection unit box;

[0032] Figure 5 The circuit diagram for the control circuit of the detection unit box;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of point A in the image;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the deviation data between the slide rail surface and the steel wire in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2;

[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of point A in the image;

[0038] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram showing the deviation data between the slide rail surface and the steel wire in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Please see Figure 1-11 As shown, the present invention is a straightness detection device, including a test platform 1 and a detection unit box 3. A steel wire 4 as a reference line is set on the test platform 1. A bracket is installed on the test platform 1, and a lead screw structure 201 is provided at the top of the bracket 2. The steel wire 4 is set on the adjusting nut of the lead screw structure 201. The distance between the steel wire 4 and the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut.

[0041] One end of the detection unit box 3 is equipped with an inside micrometer 6, and the other end of the detection unit box 3 is in contact with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being measured; an electromagnet is installed on the side of the detection unit box 3 that is in contact with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being measured, and the electromagnet controls the power supply through an electromagnetic switch; a threaded hole is provided on one side of the detection unit box 6, and a stud that mates with the threaded hole is provided at one end of the inside micrometer 6.

[0042] One end of the output terminal of the detection unit box 3 is electrically connected to the steel wire 4 via a wire, and the other end of the output terminal of the detection unit box 3 is connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer 6 via a wire; an indicator light 302 is installed on one side of the detection unit box 3.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the detection unit box 3 includes a metal housing 301; a control circuit is installed in the middle of the metal housing 301; a cover plate 309 is installed on the top of the metal housing 301; the cover plate 309 is fixed to the metal housing 301 by several fixing screws 308.

[0044] like Figure 5As shown, the control circuit of the detection unit box 3 includes a relay KA303, a battery 304, a resistor R305, and an adjustable resistor RP306. One end of the adjustable resistor RP306 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 304, and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP306 is connected in series with a Zener diode ZD307 and the coil of the relay KA303, and then connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer 6 through a wire. One end of the resistor R305 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 304, and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP306 is connected in series with an indicator light 302 and the contact of the relay KA303, and then connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer 6 through a wire 4. The positive terminal of the battery 304 is connected to the steel wire 4 through a wire.

[0045] This application is based on a steel wire with a diameter of φ0.03mm under tension as a reference straight line, considered as an ideal straight line in the horizontal direction. By comparing the trajectory of the guide surface or equipment being measured with that of the steel wire in this state, and by accurately measuring the relative distance error between the guide surface and the steel wire using a micrometer, the magnitude and direction of the deviation of the guide surface or equipment from the ideal straight line in the horizontal direction can be determined. Therefore, the magnitude and direction of the straightness error of the guide surface or equipment within the measured length range can be easily obtained.

[0046] The Zener diode ZD acts as the on / off control switch for the relay KA coil. When the probe of the inside micrometer is not in contact with the measuring wire, the entire circuit is open, and the indicator LED is off. When the probe of the micrometer is in full contact with the wire, the voltage of the Zener diode exceeds its own regulated voltage, and it becomes conductive. This causes the relay KA to engage, the normally closed contact to open, and the indicator LED to turn off.

[0047] The LED indicator is off when the micrometer probe is not in contact with the measuring wire or when they are in full contact. The LED only lights up when the micrometer probe just touches the measuring wire and the voltage of the Zener diode does not exceed the Zener diode's regulation value.

[0048] Therefore, the two states of the micrometer probe and the measuring wire being in no contact and in full contact will result in measured values ​​that are less than the objective value and measured values ​​that are greater than the objective value, respectively, during actual measurement. Since this measurement method is a micro-contact detection method, both no contact and excessive contact will lead to excessive errors in the measured value. Therefore, this circuit is used to avoid the errors introduced by manual measurement and to achieve accurate and stable measurements.

[0049] A method for detecting straightness using a straightness detection device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0050] Stp1. Place the workpiece to be measured on platform 1 and support it so that the steel wire 4 is parallel to the guide rail surface of the workpiece and the distance between the steel wire 4 and the guide rail surface of the workpiece is within the detectable range of the inner micrometer 6.

[0051] Stp2. Measure the distance between the steel wire 4 and the two ends of the guide rail surface being measured through the detection unit box 3, and adjust the distance between the steel wire 4 and the guide rail surface being measured by adjusting the nuts on the adjusting bracket 2 until the distance between the steel wire 4 and the two ends of the guide rail surface being measured is completely equal, thus completing the positioning adjustment of the reference unit.

[0052] Stp3: Start the test from one end of the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested, and perform a measurement at intervals of several distances until the other end of the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested is reached.

[0053] The measurement process includes the following sub-steps:

[0054] SS01. Fit the detection unit box 3 with the guide rail surface of the workpiece to be measured; then make electrical connections between the wire and the measuring head of the inside micrometer 6 and the steel wire 4.

[0055] SS02. Rotate the inside micrometer 6 to measure the distance between the measuring head of the inside micrometer 6 and the steel wire 4, and observe the indicator light 302 on the detection unit box 3;

[0056] SS03. When the indicator light 302 on the monitoring unit box 3 is lit, read the value of the inside micrometer 6;

[0057] Stp4. Take the values ​​at both ends as zero points, compare all the values ​​in the middle with them to obtain the corresponding difference, and mark the positive and negative signs. In this way, the straightness of the guide rail surface of the workpiece under test in the horizontal direction is the geometric difference between the maximum and minimum values. At the same time, the bending direction of the guide rail surface of the workpiece under test in the horizontal direction can also be obtained from the relative difference of the positive and negative signs.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] When testing the horizontal guide surface of the workpiece, the test platform 1 is equipped with two supports 2. One end of the steel wire 4 is fixed to the top of one of the supports 2, and the other end of the steel wire 4 passes through the top of the other support 2 and is equipped with a plumb bob 5 at the end.

[0060] like Figure 6-7 As shown in the diagram, this embodiment is a schematic diagram for detecting the straightness of the guide rail of a CNC machine tool slide ram. The total length of the guide rail surface being measured is 3500mm, and the detection method and calculation results are as follows:

[0061] The slide block 7 to be tested is placed stably on two equal-height pads 8, and both are placed in a suitable area on the platform 1.

[0062] Set the steel wire 4 near the guide rail surface to be tested on the ram and adjust the appropriate height of the steel wire; use the detection unit box 3 to measure and adjust the steel wire so that the distance between the two ends of the guide rail surface to be tested on the ram 7 and the reference steel wire 4 is exactly equal.

[0063] If a measuring point is spaced 500mm apart, then a total of 8 measuring points and readings will be generated on the guide rail surface with a total length of 3500mm. If the measured values ​​are:

[0064]

[0065] The calculated value is the relative difference between the values ​​at both ends, which are set to zero, and the values ​​at other measuring points are compared with the calculated value. Thus, the straightness of the guide surface of the slide block within a total length of 3500mm is the geometric difference between the maximum and minimum calculated values, i.e., 0.020--0.005=0.025mm.

[0066] Based on the obtained values, plot the degree and direction of the deviation between the measured guide rail surface and the reference steel wire, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0067] Example 2:

[0068] When testing the vertical guide rail surface of the workpiece, the test platform 1 is equipped with a bracket 2, which is attached to the top of the workpiece by an electromagnet; one end of the steel wire 4 is fixed to the end of the bracket 2, and a plumb bob 5 is installed at the other end of the steel wire 4 to keep the steel wire 4 vertical.

[0069] like Figure 9-10 As shown in the figure, this embodiment is a schematic diagram for detecting the straightness and perpendicularity of the guide rail of the slide ram part of a CNC machine tool.

[0070] The total length of the guide rail surface to be tested is 3500mm. In order to simultaneously test the straightness of the guide rail surface itself and the perpendicularity between the guide rail surface and the bottom end face of the slide ram 7, the slide ram 7 should be placed vertically on a qualified marble test platform 1, and the bottom end face to be tested should be in contact with the marble test platform 1. The steel wire 4 in the reference unit hangs freely due to the tension of the plumb bob.

[0071] The detection method and calculation results are as follows:

[0072] The testing method is the same as above. If a 500mm interval is taken as one measuring point, then a total of 8 measuring points and readings will be generated on the guide rail surface with a total length of 3500mm. If the measured value is:

[0073]

[0074] Thus, the straightness of the guide surface of the tested slide block within a total length of 3500mm is the geometric difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​calculated after taking zeros at both ends, i.e., 0.030 + 0 = 0.030mm.

[0075] The relative perpendicularity between the guide rail surface of the tested slide block and the bottom end face within a total length of 3500mm is the difference between the two ends of the relative value, i.e., 0.040-0=0.040mm.

[0076] This also shows that the testing device and testing method of this application can not only detect the straightness of medium and large-sized parts, but also detect the perpendicularity relationship between two surfaces of medium and large-sized parts.

[0077] Based on the obtained values, plot the degree and direction of deviation between the measured guide surface and the reference steel wire, as shown below. Figure 11 As shown.

[0078] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A straightness detecting device characterized by comprising: include Test platform (1), on which a steel wire (4) is provided as a reference line; Detection unit box (3); One end of the detection unit box (3) is equipped with an inner micrometer (6), and the other end of the detection unit box (3) is in contact with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being measured; One end of the output terminal of the detection unit box (3) is electrically connected to the steel wire (4) through a wire, and the other end of the output terminal of the detection unit box (3) is connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer (6) through a wire. An indicator light (302) is installed on one side of the detection unit box (3); The control circuit of the detection unit box (3) includes a relay KA (303), a battery (304), a resistor R (305), and an adjustable resistor RP (306); One end of the adjustable resistor RP (306) is connected to the negative terminal of the battery (304), and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP (306) is connected in series with the coil of the Zener diode ZD (307) and the relay KA (303) and then connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer (6) through a wire. One end of the resistor R (305) is connected to the negative terminal of the battery (304), and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP (306) is connected in series with the contacts of the indicator lamp (302) and the relay KA (303) and then connected to the measuring head of the inside micrometer (6) through a wire. The positive electrode of the battery (304) is connected to the steel wire (4) via a wire; When the micrometer probe is not in contact with the measuring wire or is in full contact with it, the indicator LED is off. When the micrometer probe just makes contact with the measuring wire and the voltage of the Zener diode does not exceed the Zener diode's regulation value, the indicator LED lights up.

2. The straightness detecting device according to claim 1, wherein When testing the horizontal guide surface of the workpiece, the test platform (1) is equipped with two supports (2). One end of the steel wire (4) is fixed to the top of one of the supports (2), and the other end of the steel wire (4) passes through the top of the other support (2) and is equipped with a plumb bob (5) at the end.

3. The straightness detecting device according to claim 1, wherein When testing the vertical guide surface of the workpiece, the test platform (1) is equipped with a bracket (2), which is attached to the top of the workpiece by an electromagnet; one end of the steel wire (4) is fixed to the end of the bracket (2), and a plumb bob (5) is installed at the other end of the steel wire (4) to keep the steel wire (4) vertical.

4. The straightness detecting device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The top of the bracket (2) is provided with a lead screw structure, and the steel wire (4) is set on the adjusting nut of the lead screw structure.

5. The straightness detecting device according to claim 1, wherein The detection unit box (3) includes a metal housing (301); a control circuit is installed in the middle of the metal housing (301); a cover plate (309) is installed on the top of the metal housing (301); the cover plate (309) is fixed to the metal housing (301) by a number of fixing screws (308).

6. The straightness detecting device according to claim 1, wherein An electromagnet is installed on the side of the detection unit box (3) that is in contact with the guide rail surface of the workpiece being tested. The electromagnet controls the power supply to be switched on and off through an electromagnetic switch.

7. The detection method of the straightness detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Stp1, the measured workpiece is placed on the test platform (1), and the measured workpiece is supported to keep the steel wire (4) parallel to the guide surface of the measured workpiece, and the distance between the steel wire (4) and the guide surface of the measured workpiece is within the detectable range of the inside diameter micrometer (6); Stp2, the distance between the steel wire (4) and the two ends of the measured guide surface is measured by the detection unit box (3), and the distance between the steel wire (4) and the measured guide surface is adjusted by adjusting the nut on the support (2), until the distance between the steel wire (4) and the two ends of the measured guide surface is completely equal, that is, the positioning adjustment of the reference unit is completed; Stp3, starting from one end of the measured workpiece guide surface, measuring every certain distance until the other end of the measured workpiece guide surface is reached; The measurement process includes the following sub-steps: SS01, the detection unit box (3) is attached to the guide surface of the measured workpiece; then the lead wire is electrically connected with the measuring head of the inside diameter micrometer (6) and the steel wire (4); SS02, rotate the inside diameter micrometer (6) to measure the distance between the measuring head of the inside diameter micrometer (6) and the steel wire (4), and observe the display light (302) on the detection unit box (3); SS03, when the display light (302) on the detection unit box (3) is on, read the value of the inside diameter micrometer (6).

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