An automatic focusing refractometer

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of optometric instruments, specifically to an autofocus optometer, comprising a base, an instrument body, a display screen, and a cylindrical lens. A fixed platform is fixedly installed inside the instrument body, and a rotary motor is fixedly installed on the platform. One end of the rotary motor is electrically connected to a movable mechanism. A self-lubricating device is fixedly installed on the movable mechanism to spray atomized lubricating oil based on the pressure principle under the triggering of the squeezing force of the sliding mechanism, thereby achieving a lubricating effect on its internal gears, reducing friction and wear caused by contact between the movable mechanism and the sliding mechanism, thus reducing the probability of device failure and extending its service life. This invention, through the design of the movable mechanism and the sliding mechanism working together, achieves flexible position movement and arc sliding adjustment, resulting in more accurate test results for the test subject.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optometry instruments, specifically to an autofocus optometry instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the rapid development of technology, mobile phones and computers have gradually occupied most of people's work and life time, and myopia has become a common and thorny problem in modern society. In optical shops and hospitals, the use of autofocus refractometers to test the vision of test subjects can greatly improve the accuracy of the test and effectively reduce errors caused by human factors. It also lowers the threshold for using refractometers and reduces the difficulty for testers to use them.

[0003] Existing autofocus refractometers have reached near-maturity thanks to the rapid development of optical sensors and the high-speed computing capabilities of the semiconductor industry. They achieve autofocus by adjusting the position of optical components through the cooperation of guide rails, bearings, and brackets. However, the existing movement method involves significant mechanical wear. Over time, the guide rails and bearings may wear down, leading to uneven movement or reduced accuracy. Due to the use of a vertical sliding structure, the refractometer can move in three directions: x, y, and z. During autofocus, test subjects may have various eye conditions, such as heterophoria, esotropia, exotropia, vertical rotational strabismus, and other special types of strabismus. Test subjects with similar conditions have multiple focusing directions, but the existing structure limits the movement of the refractometer, making it impossible to achieve these complex movement trajectories and quickly and accurately locate the target.

[0004] Because of its mechanical structure, this type of structure usually requires regular maintenance to ensure its motion performance and accuracy. If the lubricating oil between its internal parts is not replenished in time, it may lead to increased wear. However, as a relatively precise medical measuring instrument, the design of the outer shell of the optometry instrument is crucial to achieve a sealing effect against the external environment. Therefore, it is not possible to frequently disassemble the outer shell to replenish the lubricating oil of the internal parts. Repeated disassembly may also affect the delicate internal parts, causing huge economic losses.

[0005] In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs an automatic focusing optometer, which solves the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an autofocus refractometer: existing autofocus refractometers cannot perform arc adjustment well to complete the autofocus task quickly and accurately, which will affect the measurement results; after long-term use, the internal parts may have insufficient lubrication, which may increase the friction and mechanical movement between moving parts and increase their wear, which is not conducive to the long-term use of the instrument.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] This invention provides an automatic focusing refractometer, comprising a base, an instrument body, a display screen, and a cylindrical lens tube. The instrument body is fixedly mounted on the base, using a bearing mounting and telescopic rod mounting method. The instrument body can perform planar displacement on the base. A display screen is fixedly mounted on one side of the instrument body to display the refraction results, using a bolt mounting and snap-fit ​​mounting method. The display screen specifically displays the output spherical power, cylindrical power, and axial distance. A cylindrical lens tube is fixedly mounted on the other side of the instrument body to focus the subject's line of sight to complete the refraction, using an integrated injection molding and bonding method. A fixed platform is fixedly mounted inside the instrument body, using a sliding groove mounting and bonding method. A rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform to achieve rotation in the x-axis direction, using a bolt mounting and riveting method. One end of the rotary motor is electrically connected to a movable mechanism, which is used to issue control commands to rotate after computer calculation. The motor drive, in conjunction with internal gear meshing, transmits power to achieve rotation in the x, y, and z axes, enabling the movable mechanism to accurately and quickly reach the designated position for autofocus. A sliding mechanism is slidably mounted on the other end of the movable mechanism to cooperate with it in an arc-shaped sliding motion, ensuring high accuracy in autofocus and refraction results. A self-lubricating device is fixedly installed on the movable mechanism, which, triggered by the pressure of the sliding mechanism, sprays atomized lubricating oil based on the pressure principle to lubricate the internal gears. The installation method is welding and snap-fit, reducing friction and wear between the movable and sliding mechanisms, thereby reducing the probability of device failure and extending service life. The movable mechanism, in conjunction with the sliding mechanism, achieves autofocus positioning. During autofocus positioning, dotted circular rings are set on the display screen to further determine the focus position, which helps improve focusing accuracy and ensures the accuracy of test results.

[0009] The movable mechanism provides rotation along the x and y axes. It includes a steering block, a connecting rod, a fixed block, a drive motor, a driving gear, a driven gear, a transmission rod, and a ring-shaped slide rail. The steering block is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotary motor to rotate subsequent components. The steering angle of the steering block is between 0° and 30°, allowing for precise positioning within the adjustable range. The installation method is a threaded connection and a snap-fit ​​connection. The steering block requires a certain torque resistance; therefore, polypropylene, a high-molecular-weight material, can be used. While it has strong torque resistance and is lightweight, its higher price is not a significant factor in cost control due to the smaller material usage. The connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the steering block using adhesive bonding and welding. The fixed block is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod to drive the movable mechanism. A drive motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed block to achieve rotation in the y-axis direction. A drive gear is fixedly mounted on the other end of the drive motor. The transmission rod is rotatably mounted in the fixed block, and the installation method is set to adhesive and threaded installation. The driven gear can rotate around the transmission rod to achieve 0°-30° to ensure focus positioning. The driven gear is fixedly mounted on the transmission rod. The number of teeth of the driven gear and the drive gear is set to 21-25. The gear meshing within this range can ensure torque while achieving power transmission, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the power transmission process. The annular slide rail is fixedly mounted on the transmission rod, and the installation method is set to welding and adhesive. The drive gear drives the driven gear meshing with it to rotate under the rotation of the drive motor, thereby rotating the transmission rod and causing the annular slide rail to complete the rotation in the y-axis direction.

[0010] The annular slide rail provides a track for the subsequent positioning device. The annular slide rail is circular in shape to create a curved motion trajectory, allowing for more accurate vision testing when facing a subject with strabismus. A linear motion trajectory would present an angle for strabismus patients, requiring adjustment of the photosensitive element for autofocus. This adjustment is more complex, prone to error, and can significantly affect test results. The end of the annular slide rail near the steering block has an arc-shaped notch to facilitate rotation along the x-axis. This arc-shaped notch minimizes interference with the movement of the movable mechanism. A rack is located on the outer side of the annular slide rail for meshing with the sliding mechanism to achieve autofocus positioning. Since the torque required for the sliding mechanism's rotation is very small, and the selected gear material (304 stainless steel) fully meets the strength requirements under these conditions, a smaller gear module of 0.5 is chosen to ensure smooth operation and low noise. To reduce noise pollution during operation, a quieter environment is beneficial for the test subjects to concentrate and ensure test results. The annular slide rail is designed with an I-beam structure to facilitate the installation of the sliding mechanism and stabilize its movement. The I-beam structure itself has high strength and rigidity, which allows it to withstand large loads. Its structure is relatively stable, reducing vibration and noise during operation, and is easy to install and maintain. Since the annular slide rail needs to slide for a long time during operation, the upper and lower ends of the annular slide rail are coated with nickel to provide good wear resistance and corrosion resistance. To enhance its wear resistance, one aspect is the coating treatment, and the other is to improve the processing accuracy to make the contact surface flat and reduce wear. The processing technology of the annular slide rail is polishing, with a dimensional accuracy of IT5-IT2 and a surface roughness Ra of 0.1-0.2. The process requirements within this range can meet the usage requirements.

[0011] The sliding mechanism is a crucial component in the device, responsible for precise positioning and triggering the self-lubricating device to spray lubricating oil. The sliding mechanism includes a fixing bolt, a fixing nut, a support frame, a positioning device, a rotating gear, a positioning motor, a mounting pin, a ball joint element, and an optical sensing element. The fixing bolt is fixedly installed inside the instrument body, and the fixing nut is rotatably mounted on the fixing bolt. The fixing nut can rise 0-3cm along the fixing bolt to accommodate the aforementioned annular slide rail for rotation within 30°. The fixing bolt can slide within the fixing nut to cooperate with the movable mechanism for movement in the x-axis rotation direction. The support frame is slidably mounted on the fixing bolt. The support frame provides structural support for the movement of the positioning device. The positioning device is fixedly installed below the support frame to cooperate with the movable mechanism for rapid focusing and positioning. The rotating gear is rotatably installed below the positioning device to cooperate with the movable mechanism for arc-shaped displacement and precise positioning. The positioning motor is fixedly installed below the rotating gear to drive the rotating gear to rotate. The mounting pins are fixedly installed on both sides of the positioning motor to cooperate with the positioning device, thereby enhancing stability and further ensuring positioning accuracy. The mounting pins are fixedly installed 2-4cm on both sides of the positioning motor, thus ensuring the installation effect while avoiding affecting the movement of other mechanisms.

[0012] The ball joint element is fixedly installed below the positioning motor, and the optical sensing element is rotatably mounted on the ball joint element. The ball joint element is used to realize the multi-angle rotation of the optical sensing element, so as to quickly complete the focusing and positioning task in more complex situations.

[0013] The positioning device is responsible for accurately determining the autofocus position. The positioning device includes a mounting plate, an arc-shaped slider, mounting holes, and positioning holes. The arc-shaped slider is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate to drive the positioning device in an arc-shaped sliding motion on the movable mechanism, thereby achieving rapid focusing and positioning. The mounting method is adhesive bonding and welding. The arc-shaped slider is used to slide within the internal groove of the annular slide rail, and its precision requirements are the same as the surface process requirements of the annular slide rail, which can be referred to in the above description of the surface process requirements of the annular slide rail. A mounting hole is provided at the center of the horizontal axis of the mounting plate to cooperate with the rotating mounting of the positioning gear, thereby enabling the positioning device to receive power from the positioning gear. The positioning holes are located on the protrusions on both sides of the mounting plate to cooperate with the positioning pins to achieve a fixed effect between the positioning device and the sliding mechanism, enhancing motion stability.

[0014] Gears may wear down after prolonged contact and movement, leading to inaccurate positioning and reduced service life. The self-lubricating device includes a liquid reservoir, a pressure balance hole, a jetting element, a trigger assembly, a one-way valve assembly, and a nozzle. The liquid reservoir is fixedly installed inside the movable mechanism using a groove and snap-fit ​​installation method. The pressure balance hole, with a radius of 3-6mm, is located above the liquid reservoir to allow for rapid replenishment of external gas and maintain pressure balance. This hole allows external air to be introduced to maintain pressure balance when the internal liquid level decreases, causing pressure changes. Liquid can then be smoothly input into the jetting element. The jetting element is fixedly installed on one side of the liquid reservoir and utilizes the airtightness of its internal cavity... The sealed environment uses pressure changes to achieve spraying of the sliding mechanism and temporary storage and transport of lubricating oil in the reservoir. The trigger assembly is fixedly installed on the spraying element to change the air pressure inside the spraying element under the contact of the sliding mechanism. The one-way valve assembly is fixedly installed at one end of the spraying element to prevent liquid from the reservoir from entering the spraying element when the air pressure inside the spraying element increases. The nozzle is used to spray the liquid inside the spraying element in a mist form according to the pressure principle to achieve a uniform and economical lubrication effect. The nozzle has a small flow channel and is circular in shape, so that spraying can be achieved under pressure. The function of the nozzle is to disperse the liquid into fine droplets to form a mist of lubricating oil.

[0015] The self-lubricating device is triggered by a positioning device. The triggering assembly includes a trigger block, a return spring, a piston, and a sealing ring. The trigger block is designed with an arc shape, which helps to reduce friction and wear when the trigger block and the sliding mechanism are in contact. The trigger block is used to move downward after being contacted by the sliding mechanism to achieve the spraying of the self-lubricating device. The arc shape of the trigger block can effectively reduce friction during long-term contact with the sliding mechanism, thereby ensuring service life and reducing noise. The return spring is fixedly installed under the trigger block to support the trigger block for resetting. The piston is fixedly installed under the return spring to change the air pressure inside the spray element to achieve spraying and liquid filling. The sealing ring is fixedly installed around the piston to seal the internal space during the reciprocating motion of the piston, thereby ensuring that the air pressure inside the spray element can change rapidly to achieve the spraying effect. The radius of the sealing ring is 1.1 times that of the spray element (93). The sealing ring can improve the sealing effect and ensure air pressure changes, and also form a small lubricating oil film between the piston and the spray element. This helps reduce friction and wear, and decreases frictional losses between the piston and the injection element.

[0016] During the pressure change inside the injection element, one-way control is required at one end of its liquid storage tank. The one-way valve assembly includes a cross-shaped fixing bracket, a control spring, and a stop-flow ball. The cross-shaped fixing bracket provides good strength and stability in multiple directions. Due to the cross arrangement of its members, it can withstand forces in multiple directions and effectively distribute the load, providing overall structural rigidity and stability. The cross-shaped fixing bracket is fixedly installed inside the injection element to stabilize the one-way valve assembly when liquid flows into the injection element. The control spring is fixedly installed on the cross-shaped fixing bracket to block the stop-flow ball at one end of the injection element to prevent liquid from flowing into the liquid storage tank. When the pressure inside the injection element decreases, the spring is compressed, allowing the liquid in the liquid storage tank to enter the injection element. The other end of the control spring is fixedly installed with a stop-flow ball to cooperate with the opening at one end of the injection element to control the entry of liquid from the liquid storage tank into the injection element.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This invention utilizes a combination of movable and sliding mechanisms to achieve rapid and accurate autofocus positioning of the light-sensing element through the power of a motor, gears, and connecting rods, after calculation by a computer-aided sensing element. For test subjects who may suffer from strabismus or similar eye conditions, existing guide rails, bearings, and support mechanisms often struggle to accurately position the focal point. This invention, through flexible position movement and arc-sliding adjustment, enables more accurate test results for such test subjects.

[0019] 2. This invention designs a self-lubricating device that, during the operation of the optometer, sprays lubricating oil in a mist form onto the gear meshing between the moving mechanism and the sliding mechanism in a timely manner through the movement of the sliding mechanism. This achieves the most uniform and comprehensive lubrication effect while saving lubricating oil as much as possible, thus avoiding the inconvenience of frequent lubrication oil additions later. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the active mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4This is a partial cross-sectional view of the annular slide rail of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the self-lubricating device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is an enlarged view of the location of the self-lubricating device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the self-lubricating device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the self-lubricating device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the triggering device of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Instrument body; 3. Display screen; 4. Cylindrical lens tube; 5. Fixed platform; 6. Rotary motor; 7. Movable mechanism; 71. Steering block; 72. Connecting rod; 73. Fixed block; 74. Drive motor; 75. Driving gear; 76. Driven gear; 77. Transmission rod; 78. Circular slide rail; 8. Sliding mechanism; 81. Fixing bolt; 82. Fixing nut; 83. Support frame; 84. Positioning device; 841. Mounting plate; 842. Arc-shaped slider; 843. Mounting plate. 844. Positioning hole; 85. Rotating gear; 86. Positioning motor; 87. Mounting pin; 88. Ball joint element; 89. Optical sensing element; 90. Self-lubricating device; 91. Liquid reservoir; 92. Air pressure balance hole; 93. Spray element; 94. Trigger assembly; 941. Trigger block; 942. Return spring; 943. Piston; 944. Sealing ring; 95. One-way valve assembly; 951. Cross bracket; 952. Control spring; 953. Flow stop ball; 96. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0034] Example 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, an autofocus refractometer includes a base 1, an instrument body 2, a display screen 3, and a cylindrical lens 4. The instrument body 2 is fixedly mounted on the base 1 using a telescopic rod installation method, allowing the instrument body 2 to perform planar displacement on the base 1. A display screen 3 is fixedly mounted on one side of the instrument body 2 to display the refraction results, using a snap-fit ​​installation method. The display screen 3 specifically displays the output spherical power, cylindrical power, and axial distance. A cylindrical lens 4 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the instrument body 2 to focus the subject's line of sight for refraction, using a one-piece injection molding installation method. A mounting platform 5 is fixedly mounted inside the instrument body 2 using an adhesive method. A rotary motor 6 is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform to achieve rotation in the x-axis direction, using a riveting method. One end of the rotary motor 6 is electrically connected to a movable mechanism. 7. The movable mechanism 7 is used to issue control commands after computer calculation, so that the rotary motor 6 drives the internal gears to complete the power transmission, thereby realizing the rotation in three directions of x, y and z axes. This allows the movable mechanism 7 to accurately and quickly reach the designated position to perform automatic focusing. The other end of the movable mechanism 7 is slidably mounted with a sliding mechanism 8, which works with the movable mechanism 7 to complete the arc sliding, thereby ensuring the accuracy of automatic focusing and obtaining highly accurate refraction results. A self-lubricating device 9 is fixedly mounted on the movable mechanism 7. Under the extrusion pressure of the sliding mechanism 8, it sprays atomized lubricating oil according to the pressure principle to achieve the lubrication effect on its internal gears. The installation method is set to snap-fit ​​installation to reduce the friction and wear caused by the contact between the movable mechanism 7 and the sliding mechanism 8, thereby reducing the probability of device failure and extending service life.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, the active mechanism 7 includes a steering block 71, a connecting rod 72, a fixed block 73, a drive motor 74, a driving gear 75, a driven gear 76, a transmission rod 77, and an annular slide rail 78. The steering block 71 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotary motor 6 to achieve the rotation of subsequent components. The steering block 71 can turn within a steering angle of 0°-30°, enabling automatic focusing within a limited space. The installation method is a threaded connection. The steering block 71 requires a certain torque resistance, and a high-molecular material such as PEEK can be used, which has strong torque resistance properties and is lightweight. Although the price is higher, considering the small amount of material used, it will not have a significant impact on cost control. The connecting rod 72 is fixedly installed on the steering block 71, and the installation method is set as follows: For bonding and welding, a fixing block 73 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 72 to drive the moving mechanism 7. A drive motor 74 is fixedly installed on the fixing block 73 to achieve rotation in the y-axis direction. A drive gear 75 is fixedly installed on the other end of the drive motor 74. The transmission rod 77 is rotatably installed in the fixing block 73, and the installation method is set to threaded installation. A driven gear 76 is fixedly installed on the transmission rod 77, and an annular slide rail 78 is fixedly installed on the transmission rod 77, and the installation method is set to bonding. Under the rotation of the drive motor 74, the drive gear 75 drives the driven gear 76 that meshes with it to rotate, thereby causing the transmission rod 77 to rotate, and thus causing the annular slide rail 78 to complete a rotation angle of 0°-30° in the y-axis direction, in order to achieve automatic focusing. To reduce the space used and ensure the normal operation of other parts, the number of teeth of the driven gear and the drive gear is set to 23. After the gears mesh, this number of teeth can ensure the transmission of torque and power, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the power transmission process.

[0036] During operation, the rotary motor 6 receives the working instructions input by the computer. Driven by the rotary motor 6, the steering block 71 drives the fixed block 73 to rotate in the x-axis direction through the connecting rod 72, thereby achieving position modulation in the x-axis rotation direction. The drive motor 74 receives the working instructions input by the computer and drives the driving gear 75 to rotate, which causes the driven gear 76 to rotate, causing the rotating rod fixed together to rotate and drive the annular slide rail 78 to rotate at a certain angle in the y-axis rotation direction, thereby adjusting the entire movable mechanism 7 to the ideal position.

[0037] The movement in the x-axis rotation direction is achieved by the cooperation of the internal motor and steering block 71 of the movable mechanism 7. The rotation of the transmission rod 77 drives the ring sliding motion to make it reciprocate around the transmission rod 77. The movement of the drive motor 74 around the y-axis is converted into the movement in the y-axis rotation direction through gears and transmission. This changes the existing technology, which can only achieve horizontal movement of the x, y, and z axes and cannot quickly achieve automatic focusing in accordance with the working instructions of the computer.

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, the circular slide rail 78 is set as a circular ring. The purpose of the circular ring is to achieve a curved motion trajectory, which can more accurately complete the visual acuity test when facing a test subject with strabismus. In contrast, the linear motion trajectory has a certain angle for strabismus patients, requiring adjustment of the light sensor for automatic focusing. The adjustment of the light sensor is more complicated, has a larger error, and can easily have a greater impact on the test results.

[0039] The end of the annular slide rail 78 near the steering block 71 is notched to facilitate rotation of the annular slide rail 78 along the x-axis. A rack is provided on the outer side of the annular slide rail 78 for meshing with the sliding mechanism 8 to achieve automatic focusing and positioning. Since the torque required for the rotation of the sliding mechanism 8 is very small, and the selected gear material is 304 stainless steel, which fully meets the strength requirements under these conditions, a smaller gear module of 0.5 is chosen to ensure smooth gear operation and low noise, reducing noise pollution during operation. A quieter environment also helps the test subject concentrate and ensures better test results. The annular slide rail 78 is designed with an I-beam shape to facilitate the installation of the sliding mechanism 8 and stabilize its movement. The I-beam shape itself has high strength and rigidity, allowing it to withstand large loads. Its stable structure reduces movement. The vibration and noise during the process are minimal, making installation and maintenance easy and convenient for later upkeep. Since the annular slide rail 78 needs to slide for extended periods during operation, its upper and lower ends are coated with nickel to provide excellent wear and corrosion resistance. To enhance its wear resistance, the coating process and improved machining precision are employed to ensure a smooth contact surface and reduce wear. The annular slide rail 78 is manufactured using polishing, with a dimensional accuracy of IT5-IT2 and a surface roughness Ra of 0.1-0.2. These process requirements meet the usage requirements. After comprehensive analysis of cost control, market demand, and usage conditions, it was decided to set the dimensional accuracy to IT3 and the surface roughness Ra to 0.1. This satisfies usage requirements while controlling costs and reducing noise, resulting in high market acceptance and facilitating large-scale production.

[0040] The circular shape design enables the rotation of the 7x axis of the active mechanism. A rack is provided for meshing with the sliding mechanism 8 to achieve rapid automatic focusing and positioning. The I-shaped structure design helps to improve load capacity and reduce noise. The high surface processing requirements further reduce wear and ensure service life and testing accuracy.

[0041] like Figure 5As shown, the sliding mechanism 8 includes a fixing bolt 81, a fixing nut 82, a support frame 83, a positioning device 84, a rotating gear 85, a positioning motor 86, a mounting pin 87, a ball joint element 88, and an optical sensing element 89. The fixing bolt 81 is fixedly installed inside the instrument body 2, and the fixing nut 82 is rotatably installed on the fixing bolt 81. The fixing bolt 81 can slide within the fixing nut 82 to cooperate with the movable mechanism 7 to move in the x-axis rotation direction. The fixing nut 82 can rise 0-3cm along the fixing bolt 81 to adapt to the annular slide rail 78 mentioned above to achieve rotation within 30°. The support frame 83 is slidably installed on the fixing bolt 81 to provide structural support for the movement of the positioning device 84. The positioning device 84 is fixedly installed below the support frame 83 to cooperate with the movement of the positioning device 84. The active mechanism 7 enables rapid focusing and positioning. The rotating gear 85 is rotatably mounted below the positioning device 84 to cooperate with the active mechanism 7 for arc-shaped displacement to achieve precise positioning. The positioning motor 86 is fixedly mounted below the rotating gear 85 to drive the rotating gear 85 to rotate. The mounting pin 87 is fixedly mounted 3cm on both sides of the positioning motor 86 to ensure the installation effect and minimize interference with the operation of other mechanisms. It is used to fix and cooperate with the positioning device 84 to enhance stability and further ensure positioning accuracy. A ball joint element 88 is fixedly mounted below the positioning motor 86. An optical sensing element 89 is rotatably mounted on the ball joint element 88. The ball joint element 88 is used to enable the optical sensing element 89 to rotate at multiple angles, thereby quickly completing the focusing and positioning task in more complex situations.

[0042] During operation, the positioning motor 86 receives a working instruction from the computer and drives the rotating gear 85 to rotate, thereby cooperating with the annular slide rail 78 to rotate the positioning device 84 to the designated position. The ball joint element 88 controls the optical sensing element 89 to perform automatic focusing. When the annular slide rail 78 rotates along the y-axis, the support frame 83 moves upward, and the fixing bolt 81 above it moves within the fixing nut 82 to ensure a stable working process.

[0043] The positioning device 84 slides on the annular slide rail 78 to achieve an arc-shaped motion trajectory, enabling it to reach the designated position more quickly. The ball joint element 88 controls the optical sensing element 89 to have a sufficiently large rotation angle range, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, the positioning device 84 includes a mounting plate 841, an arc-shaped slider 842, a mounting hole 843, and a positioning hole 844. The arc-shaped slider 842 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 841 for driving the positioning device 84 to slide in an arc shape on the movable mechanism 7, thereby achieving rapid focusing and positioning. The mounting method is set to adhesive bonding. The arc-shaped slider 842 is used to adapt to the internal groove of the annular slide rail 78 for sliding. Its precision requirements are the same as the surface process requirements of the annular slide rail 78, which can be referred to in the above description of the surface process requirements of the annular slide rail 78. A mounting hole 843 is opened at the center of the horizontal axis on the mounting plate 841 for cooperating with the rotating mounting of the positioning gear, so that the positioning device 84 can obtain power supply from the positioning gear. The positioning hole 844 is opened on the protrusions on both sides of the mounting plate 841 for cooperating with the positioning pin to achieve the fixing effect of the positioning device 84 and the sliding mechanism 8, and enhance the movement stability.

[0045] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the self-lubricating device 9 includes a liquid reservoir 91, a pressure balance hole 92, a spray element 93, a trigger assembly 94, a one-way valve assembly 95, and a nozzle 96. The liquid reservoir 91 is fixedly installed inside the movable mechanism 7, and the installation method is a groove installation. A pressure balance hole 92 is opened above the liquid reservoir 91, and the radius of the pressure balance hole 92 is set to 3mm. The pressure balance hole 92 is used to introduce external air to ensure pressure balance when the internal liquid decreases and causes pressure changes, so that the liquid can be smoothly input into the spray element 93. The liquid reservoir 91 contains ISO-VG32 grade industrial gear oil. Since the spray element 93 needs to pressurize the lubricating oil to form a mist to achieve uniform and economical spraying of the gears, the kinematic viscosity of ISO-VG32 grade industrial gear oil is 32ms² / s, which is relatively low and can well achieve a mist spraying after pressurization. At the same time, ISO-VG32 grade industrial gear oil has good cold start performance. During the gear meshing process in the movable mechanism 7, the movement is often relatively fast. The process is slow, requiring specific cold-start performance of the lubricating oil. The injection element 93 is fixedly installed on one side of the reservoir 91. The injection element 93 utilizes the sealing ring 944 within its internal cavity to change the pressure, thereby spraying the lubricating oil from the sliding mechanism 8 and temporarily storing it within the reservoir 91. The trigger assembly 94 is fixedly installed on the injection element 93 to change the air pressure within the internal cavity of the injection element 93 under the contact of the sliding mechanism 8. The one-way valve assembly 95 is fixedly installed at one end of the injection element 93 to allow liquid from the reservoir 91 to enter the injection element 93 when the air pressure inside the cavity increases. The nozzle 96 sprays the liquid inside the injection element 93 in a mist-like manner based on the pressure principle, achieving a uniform and economical lubrication effect. The nozzle 96 has a small flow channel; the size and shape of the small flow channel can be designed and adjusted as needed. A circular shape allows spraying under pressure. The nozzle's function is to disperse the liquid into fine droplets, forming a mist of lubricating oil.

[0046] During operation, the trigger component 94 is subjected to downward pressure from the sliding mechanism 8, causing the trigger component 94 to move downward. This changes the internal space of the injection element 93, causing the pressure to rise. Due to the one-way valve component 95, the lubricating oil inside the injection element 93 will be sprayed outward through the nozzle 96 under high pressure. The sliding mechanism 8 moves away from the trigger component 94, causing the trigger component 94 to rise. The internal space of the injection element 93 increases, the air pressure decreases, and the lubricating oil in the reservoir 91 enters the injection element 93 to prepare for the next injection. Air pressure balance hole 92 allows air to enter to ensure air pressure balance.

[0047] By using a check valve and trigger component 94 together, the air pressure balance of the self-lubricating device 9 is ensured. Under the action of pressure principle, the spraying of atomized lubricating oil is realized, so that the gear meshing parts in the moving mechanism 7 can remain smooth for a long time, ensuring service life and improving measurement accuracy.

[0048] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the trigger assembly 94 includes a trigger block 941, a return spring 942, a piston 943, and a sealing ring 944. The trigger block 941 moves downward after being contacted by the sliding mechanism 8 to achieve the injection of the self-lubricating device 9. The trigger block 941 is designed with an arc shape, which can effectively reduce friction during long-term contact with the sliding mechanism 8, thereby ensuring service life and reducing noise. The return spring 942 is fixedly installed under the trigger block 941 to support the trigger block 941 for resetting. The piston 943 is fixedly installed under the return spring 942 to change the air pressure inside the injection element 93 to achieve injection and liquid filling. The sealing ring 944 is fixedly installed around the piston 943 to seal the internal space during the reciprocating motion of the piston 943, thereby ensuring that the air pressure inside the injection element 93 can change rapidly to achieve the injection effect. The sealing ring 944 can improve the sealing effect and ensure air pressure changes, and also form a small lubricating oil film between the piston 943 and the injection element 93. This helps to reduce friction and wear, and reduce frictional losses between the piston 943 and the injection element 93.

[0049] During operation, the trigger block 941 is forced downward to overcome the return spring 942 and drive the piston 943 to move, reducing the internal space of the injection element 93 and increasing its internal air pressure. After the trigger block 941 is no longer forced, it is reset under the action of the return spring 942. The internal space of the injection element 93 increases and the pressure decreases. The lubricating oil in the liquid reservoir 91 enters the injection element 93, and one injection is completed.

[0050] like Figure 10As shown, the one-way valve assembly 95 includes a cross-shaped fixing bracket 951, a control spring 952, and a stop ball 953. The cross-shaped fixing bracket 951 provides good strength and stability in multiple directions. Due to the cross arrangement of its members, it can withstand forces in multiple directions and effectively distribute the load, providing overall structural rigidity and stability. The cross-shaped fixing bracket is installed inside the injection element 93 to stabilize the one-way valve assembly 95 when liquid flows into the injection element 93. The control spring 952 is fixedly installed on the cross-shaped fixing bracket 951 to block the stop ball 953 at one end of the injection element 93 to prevent liquid from flowing into the reservoir 91. When the air pressure inside the injection element 93 decreases, the spring 952 is compressed, allowing the liquid in the reservoir 91 to enter the injection element 93. The other end of the control spring 952 is fixedly installed with the stop ball 953 to cooperate with the opening at one end of the injection element 93 to control the liquid from entering the injection element 93.

[0051] During operation, when the internal air pressure of the injection element 93 increases, the stop ball 953 blocks the outlet, and the lubricating oil can only be sprayed through the nozzle 96 to relieve pressure. When the internal air pressure of the injection element 93 decreases, the stop ball 953 is pushed by the lubricating oil in the liquid storage tank 91 to overcome the elastic force of the control spring 952 and ensure consistent pressure.

[0052] During operation, the subject places their eye in front of the cylindrical lens 4. The computer calculates and automatically focuses the lens, issuing a working command to the rotary motor 6 to change its x-axis rotation direction and rotate to a designated position. Then, it issues a working command to the drive motor 74 to change its y-axis rotation direction and rotate to a designated position. The positioning motor 86, receiving the working command, adjusts the positioning device 84 to the designated location. The ball joint element 88 drives the optical sensing element 89 to quickly adjust to the focusing position to complete the automatic focusing process. At the same time, when the sliding mechanism 8 slides on the movable mechanism 7, it triggers the self-lubricating device 9. The trigger component 94 is displaced downward under force, and the piston 943 reduces the internal space of the spray element 93 and increases the air pressure. The lubricating oil inside the spray element 93 is sprayed outward through the nozzle 96 in a mist form, ensuring lubrication between the gears.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic focusing refractometer, comprising a base (1), an instrument body (2), a display screen (3), and a cylindrical lens tube (4), wherein the instrument body (2) is fixedly mounted on the base (1), the display screen (3) is fixedly mounted on one side of the instrument body (2), and the cylindrical lens tube (4) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the instrument body (2); characterized in that, The instrument body (2) has a fixed platform (5) fixedly installed inside. A rotary motor (6) is fixedly installed on the fixed platform (5). One end of the rotary motor (6) is electrically connected to the movable mechanism (7). The movable mechanism (7) is used to complete the power transmission by meshing with the internal gears under the drive of the rotary motor (6) controlled by computer calculation, thereby realizing the movement along the rotation direction of the drive shaft of the rotary motor (6) and the transmission rod (77). A self-lubricating device (9) is fixedly installed on the movable mechanism (7), which is used to spray atomized lubricating oil according to the pressure principle under the triggering of the squeezing force of the sliding mechanism (8). The movable mechanism (7) includes a steering block (71), a connecting rod (72), a fixed block (73), a drive motor (74), a driving gear (75), a driven gear (76), a transmission rod (77), and an annular slide rail (78); the steering block (71) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotary motor (6), and the steering angle of the steering block (71) is between 0° and 30°; the connecting rod (72) is fixedly installed on the steering block (71), and the fixed block (73) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (72); the fixed block (74) 3) A drive motor (74) is fixedly installed on the upper part, and a drive gear (75) is fixedly installed on the other end of the drive motor (74). The connecting rod (72) is rotatably installed in the fixed block (73). The driven gear (76) is fixedly installed on the transmission rod (77). The annular slide rail (78) is fixedly installed on the transmission rod (77) to achieve rotation within 0°-30° around the transmission rod (77). The annular slide rail (78) is set as a circle, and its end near the steering block (71) is set as an arc-shaped notch.

2. The autofocus refractometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the driven gear (76) and the driving gear (75) is set to 21-25.

3. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular slide rail (78) is provided with a rack on the outside. The annular slide rail (78) is provided with an I-shaped structure. The upper and lower ends of the annular slide rail (78) are provided with a nickel-plated coating. The processing technology is set to polishing. Its dimensional accuracy is set to IT5-IT2 and its surface roughness Ra is set to 0.1-0.

2.

4. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism (8) includes a fixing bolt (81), a fixing nut (82), a support frame (83), a positioning device (84), a rotating gear (85), a positioning motor (86), a mounting pin (87), a ball joint element (88), and an optical sensing element (89); the fixing bolt (81) is fixedly installed inside the instrument body (2), the fixing nut (82) is rotatably installed on the fixing bolt (81), and the fixing nut (82) can rotate and rise 0-3cm along the fixing bolt (81); the support frame (83) slides. The positioning device (84) is fixedly installed below the support frame (83), the rotating gear (85) is rotatably installed below the positioning device (84), the positioning motor (86) is fixedly installed below the rotating gear (85), the mounting pin (87) is fixedly installed 2-4cm on both sides of the positioning motor (86), the ball joint element (88) is fixedly installed below the positioning motor (86), and the optical sensing element (89) is rotatably installed on the ball joint element (88).

5. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning device (84) includes a mounting plate (841), an arc-shaped slider (842), a mounting hole (843), and a positioning hole (844); the arc-shaped slider (842) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (841), the mounting hole (843) is provided at the center of the horizontal axis on the mounting plate (841), and the positioning hole (844) is provided at the protrusions on both sides of the mounting plate (841).

6. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-lubricating device (9) includes a liquid storage tank (91), a pressure balance hole (92), a spray element (93), a trigger assembly (94), a one-way valve assembly (95), and a nozzle (96). The liquid storage tank (91) is fixedly installed inside the movable mechanism (7). The pressure balance hole (92) is provided above the liquid storage tank (91). The radius of the pressure balance hole (92) is set to 3-6 mm. The spray element (93) is fixedly installed on one side of the liquid storage tank (91). The trigger assembly (94) is fixedly installed on the spray element (93). The one-way valve assembly (95) is fixedly installed at one end of the spray element (93). The nozzle (96) is fixedly installed on the other side of the spray element (93). A small flow channel is provided in the middle of the nozzle.

7. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray element (93) has a T-shaped structure, with a circular boss at one end in the horizontal direction. The interior of the spray element (93) is hollow, and the volume of the horizontal cavity of the spray element (93) is 0.2-0.5 times the volume of the vertical cavity.

8. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The triggering assembly (94) includes a trigger block (941), a reset spring (942), a piston (943), and a sealing ring (944). The trigger block (941) is configured as an arc-shaped structure. The reset spring (942) is fixedly installed under the trigger block (941). The piston (943) is fixedly installed under the reset spring (942). The sealing ring (944) is fixedly installed around the piston (943). The radius of the sealing ring (944) is 1.1 times that of the injection element (93).

9. An autofocus refractometer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way valve assembly (95) includes a cross bracket (951), a control spring (952), and a stop ball (953). The cross bracket (951) is fixedly installed inside the injection element (93). The control spring (952) is fixedly installed on the cross bracket (951). The stop ball (953) is fixedly installed on the other end of the control spring (952). The radius of the stop ball (953) is 1.1 times that at the opening of the injection element (93).

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