A kind of cultivation method of hyacinthus annuus

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of hyacinthus annuus, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The cultivation method includes seed collection, seed burying treatment, seedbed preparation, seedling management and out-of-garden. The present invention relieves the dormancy of seeds through seed burying treatment, improves the vitality of seeds, and promotes the germination and emergence of seeds; the base fertilizer applied in the seedbed preparation process, and the nutrient soil covered after seed sowing not only provide sufficient nutrients for the germination of seeds and the early development of seedlings, but also create an acidic environment suitable for the germination and growth of hyacinthus annuus seeds; different fertilizers applied in the seedling management stage according to different growth stages of seedlings can meet the different requirements of hyacinthus annuus for nutrients in different growth stages, not only improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, but also ensure the balanced growth of hyacinthus annuus seedlings. The above steps cooperate with each other, accelerate the emergence process while improving the emergence rate, and the seedling quality is high, and large-scale and effective cultivation of hyacinthus annuus can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of Rhizoma Cibotii. Background Art

[0002] The Aquilegia chinensis of the Aquilegia family is a deciduous shrub, also known as star tree and star tree. It grows in sparse forests or on plains on low mountains and hilly slopes. The root is used as medicine, tastes bitter and sweet, and is cold in nature. It has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, promoting body fluid and activating blood circulation. It can be used to treat colds, fever, thirst, sore throat, etc. It is an irreplaceable prescription medicinal material and has a considerable market demand. At present, it mainly relies on wild resources. As wild resources become less and less, Aquilegia chinensis cannot meet the market demand at all. Therefore, Aquilegia chinensis has good cultivation prospects.

[0003] The cultivation of hollyhock can adopt seed propagation and cutting propagation, but the cutting seedlings grow slowly in the later stage, and the weeds are serious in the seedling stage. When promoting on a large scale, a large number of suitable hollyhock branches need to be collected, which is difficult and difficult to carry out large-scale propagation. The cultivation of hollyhock by seed propagation is more conducive to the large-scale propagation of hollyhock. However, the existing hollyhock seed cultivation method has the problems of low emergence rate, long emergence time, poor emergence quality, etc., which limits the large-scale effective cultivation of hollyhock. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method of Prunus mume to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention: a method for cultivating Prunus mume, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Seed collection: Collect ripe fruits, remove the peel, wash, disinfect, dry in the shade, and store in a sealed container;

[0008] (2) Seed burial treatment: Take the sealed seeds, soak them in clean water for 2-3 days, then soak them in germination-promoting solution for 1-2 days, then mix them with the composite matrix, and store them in stratification at room temperature for 30-40 days;

[0009] (3) Seedbed preparation: Apply basal fertilizer to the seedbed, turn the soil 30-35 cm deep, mix well with the soil, build ridges 1-1.5 meters wide and 25-30 cm high, with a width of 35-50 cm between ridges, and cover the ridges with a 2-3 cm thick layer of loess;

[0010] (4) Sowing: Take the buried seeds and evenly sow them on the seedbed. The seed dosage is 6-8 kg / mu. After sowing, cover them with 1-1.5 cm thick nutrient soil, then cover them with a layer of straw, water them thoroughly, and cover them with a film.

[0011] (5) Management during the seedling stage: After the seedlings have fully emerged, remove the film, set up the sunshade net, and maintain the temperature in the greenhouse at 25±2℃; when the seedlings are 6-10cm high, remove the sunshade net and thin out the seedlings, maintaining a plant spacing of 8-10cm and a row spacing of 10-12cm; after thinning out and replanting, apply the first fertilizer once every 20-25 days at an application rate of 3-5kg / mu; after closing the rows, apply the second fertilizer once every 30-45 days at an application rate of 4-6kg until the seedlings emerge; during the entire seedling stage, water as the soil in the seedbed dries up to keep the soil moist;

[0012] (6) Transplanting: When the seedlings have a ground diameter of ≥0.5 cm, they can be transplanted (transplanting time is November to mid-May of the following year).

[0013] Furthermore, the ripe fruits are collected from three-year-old robust and pest-free plants of Prunus armeniaca. Seeds are collected in June and July.

[0014] The formation of seeds is closely related to the plant itself and environmental conditions, and the growth years, density, moisture, light, etc. of the plant all affect the quality of the seeds. The growth rate of the first two years of the hyacinth plant is relatively slow, and the third year enters a rapid growth period, and the plant height, stem base thickness and branch length increase with the growth years. At this time, the plant height, stem base thickness and branch length all grow to a better level, and the light and ventilation are good. The growth and quality of the fruit and seed are the best, which is conducive to the germination of the seed, so the present invention selects the three-year-old hyacinth plant to collect the fruit.

[0015] Furthermore, the disinfection step includes: soaking the seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.2-0.6% for 20-30 minutes.

[0016] Furthermore, the seeds soaked in the germination promoting solution for 1-2 days are removed, the water is drained, and then mixed with the composite matrix at a mass ratio of 1:2-4. During the stratified storage, the humidity of the composite matrix is ​​maintained at 40-50%, and the stratified storage layer height is ≤30cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the seed burying treatment starts 30-40 days before sowing.

[0018] Furthermore, the germination promoting solution is composed of 600-800 mg / L gibberellin + 25-50 mg / L graphene oxide.

[0019] Furthermore, the composite matrix is ​​formed by mixing quartz sand, river sand and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:1:2-4.

[0020] Furthermore, the base fertilizer includes decomposed organic fertilizer and humic acid; the application amount of the decomposed organic fertilizer is 400-500kg / mu; the application amount of the humic acid is 40-50kg / mu.

[0021] Furthermore, the sowing is carried out from mid-November to January of the following year.

[0022] Furthermore, the nutrient soil is formed by mixing loess soil, quartz sand and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 60-80:20-30:3-5.

[0023] Furthermore, the shading rate of the sunshade net is 60-70%.

[0024] Furthermore, the (mass) content of N in the first fertilizer is ≥25%.

[0025] Furthermore, the (mass) contents of N, P (in terms of P2O5) and K (in terms of K2O) in the second fertilizer are 10-20:10-20:10-20.

[0026] Furthermore, during the seedling management period, weeding should be carried out in a timely manner according to the growth of weeds in the seedbed, and pests and diseases should be prevented and controlled in accordance with the conventional seedling management method.

[0027] The invention provides a method for cultivating hyacinthus annuus, including seed collection, seed burying treatment, seedbed preparation, seedling management and transplanting. The invention selects mature fruits grown on three-year-old hyacinthus annuus plants that are robust and free of disease and insect pests as the source of seeds, and the growth and quality of the harvested seeds are optimal, which is conducive to seed germination and seedling growth.

[0028] In the seed burying process of the present invention, the seeds are first soaked in clean water to allow the seeds to fully absorb moisture, soften the seed coat, release seed dormancy, and promote seed germination. Then, the seeds are soaked in a germination-promoting solution composed of gibberellins and graphene oxide. Gibberellins can integrate multiple signal pathways of other plant hormones and environmental factors (such as light, temperature, nutrients, etc.) to jointly regulate seed germination, and also have a regulatory effect on the growth and development of seeds after germination. Graphene oxide can promote the absorption of gibberellins by seeds, and at the same time reduce the influence of endogenous root inhibitors on root formation, thereby promoting the development of radicles. Therefore, This soaking process can further promote the germination of seeds and their growth and development after germination; after the two-step soaking, the seeds are buried in a composite matrix mixed with quartz sand, river sand and peat soil. The river sand has good moisture retention and air permeability, and the quartz sand can loosen the three-dimensional spatial structure of the composite matrix, which is conducive to the penetration of water. The peat soil has good thermal insulation effect and is rich in organic matter. The mixed matrix composed of the three has good air permeability, water permeability, moisture retention and heat preservation effects, which is more conducive to the germination of the seeds of Gangmei; the seed burying treatment effectively releases the dormancy of the seeds, improves the vitality of the seeds, and promotes the germination and growth and development of the seeds.

[0029] The present invention applies decomposed organic fertilizer and humic acid as base fertilizer on the seedbed during the seedbed preparation process, and covers the seedbed with nutrient soil mixed with loess soil, quartz sand and ammonium sulfate after sowing the seeds; the decomposed organic fertilizer contains a variety of organic matter, which can provide sufficient nutrients for seed germination and early growth and development of seedlings; the humic acid contains a variety of active functional genes, which can enhance the activity of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in crops, stimulate physiological metabolism, promote early germination of seeds, and stimulate the division and growth of extreme meristem cells of the root system, so that the seedlings can take root quickly and have more roots. The increase in root mass and elongation of the root system increase the crop's ability to absorb water and nutrients. The ammonium sulfate in the nutrient soil can also provide nutrition for seed germination, and the addition of humic acid and ammonium sulfate can create an acidic environment suitable for the germination and growth of the mulberry seeds. In addition, the quartz sand in the nutrient soil can also make the nutrient soil have good air permeability and water permeability. The basal fertilizer and nutrient soil work together to provide sufficient nutrients and a suitable growth environment for the germination of mulberry seeds and the early growth and development of seedlings, which can effectively increase the germination rate, reduce the germination time, and improve the germination quality. In the seedling management stage, different fertilizers applied according to the different growth stages of the seedlings can meet the different nutritional requirements of mulberry at different growth stages and improve the growth quality of the seedlings in the later stage.

[0030] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0031] The present invention provides a cultivation method of hyacinthus annuus, including seed collection, seed burying treatment, seedbed preparation, seedling management and out-of-garden. The present invention relieves the dormancy of seeds through seed burying treatment, improves the vitality of seeds, and promotes the germination and emergence of seeds; the base fertilizer applied in the process of seedbed preparation, and the nutrient soil covered after seed sowing not only provide sufficient nutrients for the germination of seeds and the early development of seedlings, but also create an acidic environment suitable for the germination and growth of hyacinthus annuus seeds; different fertilizers applied in the seedling management stage according to different growth stages of seedlings can meet the different requirements of hyacinthus annuus for nutrients in different growth stages, not only improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, but also can ensure the balanced growth of hyacinthus annuus seedlings. The above steps cooperate with each other, accelerate the emergence process while improving the emergence rate, and the seedling quality is high, and large-scale and effective cultivation of hyacinthus annuus can be realized. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0034] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present application description and examples are exemplary only.

[0036] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0037] The following examples and comparative examples of the cultivation experiment of the sorghum were carried out in Quannan County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. All examples and comparative examples were carried out on land with equivalent fertility at the same time (i.e., plots with equivalent fertility and close locations were selected as seedbeds). The area of ​​each plot was 100m 2 (i.e. the planting area of ​​each embodiment and comparative example is 100m 2 ).

[0038] The loess soil used in the following examples and comparative examples is soil taken from the surface soil layer below 40 cm.

[0039] The decomposed chicken manure used in the following examples and comparative examples was purchased from Hebei Runlong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with an organic matter content of 50%.

[0040] The first fertilizer used in the following examples and comparative examples is Guihu brand high nitrogen compound fertilizer with a specification of 40CL28-6-6, i.e., the content of N, P (P2O5), and K (K2O) is 28:6:6; the second fertilizer is Guihu brand balanced compound fertilizer with a content of N, P (P2O5), and K (K2O) of 15:15:15.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A cultivation method of Prunus mume, the steps are as follows:

[0043] (1) Seed collection: In June 2021, three-year-old robust and pest-free Gangmei plants were selected to collect mature fruits, the peels were removed, washed, and soaked in a 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes for disinfection, dried in the shade, and sealed for storage;

[0044] (2) Seed burial treatment: On October 29, 2021, the sealed seeds were taken, first soaked in clean water for 2 days, and then soaked in a germination-promoting solution (600 mg / L gibberellin + 25 mg / L graphene oxide) for 1 day, and then the seeds were taken out, drained and mixed with a composite matrix (quartz sand, river sand, and peat soil mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:2) in a mass ratio of 1:2. From November 1, 2021, stratification storage was started at room temperature for 30 days. During the stratification storage process, the humidity of the composite matrix was kept at about 45%, and the stratification height of the stratified storage was 25 cm;

[0045] (3) Seedbed preparation: 3 days before sowing, apply basal fertilizer (400 kg / mu of decomposed chicken manure + 40 kg / mu of humic acid) to the seedbed, plow 30 cm deep, mix with soil, build ridges 1 meter wide and 25 cm high, with a width of 35 cm between ridges, and cover the ridges with a 2 cm thick layer of loess;

[0046] (4) Sowing: On December 1, 2021, the buried seeds were evenly sown on the seedbed. The seed dosage was 6 kg / mu. After sowing, they were covered with 1 cm thick nutrient soil (mixed with loess soil, quartz sand, and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 60:20:3), then covered with a layer of straw, watered thoroughly, and covered with a film;

[0047] (5) Management during the seedling stage: After the seedlings have fully emerged, remove the film, set up a sunshade net with a shading rate of 70%, and maintain the temperature in the greenhouse at 25±2℃; when the seedlings are 6-10cm high, remove the sunshade net and thin out the seedlings, maintaining a plant spacing of 8-10cm and a row spacing of 10-12cm; after thinning out and filling the seedlings, apply the first fertilizer once every 20 days at an application rate of 3kg / mu; after closing the rows, apply the second fertilizer once every 30 days at an application rate of 4kg until the seedlings emerge; during the entire seedling stage, water as the soil in the seedbed dries up and keep the soil moist; during the seedling management period, weed in time according to the growth of weeds in the seedbed. And prevent and control pests and diseases in accordance with conventional seedling management methods;

[0048] (6) Transplanting: From November 2022 to May 2023, select seedlings with a ground diameter ≥ 0.5 cm for transplanting.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A cultivation method of Prunus mume, the steps are as follows:

[0051] (1) Seed collection: In June 2021, three-year-old robust and pest-free Gangmei plants were selected to collect mature fruits, the peels were removed, washed, and immersed in a 0.4% potassium permanganate solution for 25 minutes for disinfection, dried in the shade, and sealed for storage;

[0052] (2) Seed burial treatment: On October 22, 2021, the sealed seeds were taken, first soaked in clean water for 3 days, and then soaked in a germination-promoting solution (700 mg / L gibberellin + 35 mg / L graphene oxide) for 2 days. The seeds were then taken out, drained and mixed with a composite matrix (quartz sand, river sand, and peat soil mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:3) in a mass ratio of 1:3. From November 1, 2021, stratification storage was started at room temperature for 35 days. During the stratification storage process, the humidity of the composite matrix was maintained at about 45%, and the stratification height of the stratified storage was 25 cm;

[0053] (3) Seedbed preparation: 3 days before sowing, apply basal fertilizer (450 kg / mu of decomposed chicken manure + 45 kg / mu of humic acid) to the seedbed, plow 30 cm deep, mix with soil, build ridges 1 meter wide and 25 cm high, with a width of 35 cm between ridges, and cover the ridges with a 2 cm thick layer of loess;

[0054] (4) Sowing: On December 1, 2021, the buried seeds were evenly sown on the seedbed. The seed dosage was 7 kg / mu. After sowing, they were covered with 1 cm thick nutrient soil (mixed with loess soil, quartz sand, and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 70:30:4), then covered with a layer of straw, watered thoroughly, and covered with a film;

[0055] (5) Management during the seedling stage: After the seedlings have fully emerged, remove the film, set up a sunshade net with a shading rate of 70%, and keep the temperature in the greenhouse at 25±2℃; when the seedlings are 6-10cm high, remove the sunshade net and thin out the seedlings, maintaining a plant spacing of 8-10cm and a row spacing of 10-12cm; after thinning out and filling the seedlings, apply the first fertilizer once every 22 days at an application rate of 4kg / mu; after closing the rows, apply the second fertilizer once every 35 days at an application rate of 5kg until the seedlings emerge; during the entire seedling stage, water as the soil in the seedbed dries and keep the soil moist; during the seedling management period, weed in time according to the growth of weeds in the seedbed. And prevent and control pests and diseases in accordance with conventional seedling management methods;

[0056] (6) Transplanting: From November 2022 to May 2023, select seedlings with a ground diameter ≥ 0.5 cm for transplanting.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A cultivation method of Prunus mume, the steps are as follows:

[0059] (1) Seed collection: In June 2021, three-year-old robust and pest-free Gangmei plants were selected to collect mature fruits, the peels were removed, washed, and soaked in a 0.6% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes for disinfection, dried in the shade, and sealed for storage;

[0060] (2) Seed burial treatment: On October 17, 2021, the sealed seeds were taken, first soaked in clean water for 3 days, and then soaked in a germination-promoting solution (800 mg / L gibberellin + 50 mg / L graphene oxide) for 2 days. The seeds were then taken out, drained and mixed with a composite matrix (quartz sand, river sand, and peat soil mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:4) in a mass ratio of 1:4. On October 22, 2021, stratification storage was started at room temperature for 40 days. During the stratification storage process, the humidity of the composite matrix was maintained at about 45%, and the stratification height of the stratified storage was 25 cm;

[0061] (3) Seedbed preparation: 3 days before sowing, apply basal fertilizer (500 kg / mu of decomposed chicken manure + 50 kg / mu of humic acid) to the seedbed, plow 30 cm deep, mix with soil, build ridges 1 meter wide and 25 cm high, with a width of 35 cm between ridges, and cover the ridges with a 2 cm thick layer of loess;

[0062] (4) Sowing: On December 1, 2021, the buried seeds were evenly sown on the seedbed, with a seed dosage of 8 kg / mu. After sowing, they were covered with 1 cm thick nutrient soil (mixed with loess soil, quartz sand, and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 80:30:5), then covered with a layer of straw, watered thoroughly, and covered with a film;

[0063] (5) Management during the seedling stage: After the seedlings have fully emerged, remove the film, set up a sunshade net with a shading rate of 70%, and maintain the temperature in the greenhouse at 25±2℃; when the seedlings are 6-10cm high, remove the sunshade net and thin out the seedlings, maintaining a plant spacing of 8-10cm and a row spacing of 10-12cm; after thinning out and filling the seedlings, apply the first fertilizer once every 25 days at an application rate of 5kg / mu; after closing the rows, apply the second fertilizer once every 45 days at an application rate of 6kg until the seedlings emerge; during the entire seedling stage, water as the soil in the seedbed dries up and keep the soil moist; during the seedling management period, weed in time according to the growth of weeds in the seedbed. And prevent and control pests and diseases in accordance with conventional seedling management methods;

[0064] (6) Transplanting: From November 2022 to May 2023, select seedlings with a ground diameter ≥ 0.5 cm for transplanting.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] The method is the same as Example 1, except that when collecting seeds, two-year-old robust and pest-free ume plants are selected to collect mature fruits.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] The same as Example 1, the only difference is that during the seed burying treatment, the soaking process in clean water is omitted, that is, the specific steps of the seed burying treatment are: on October 31, 2021, take the sealed seeds, soak them in a germination promoting solution (600 mg / L gibberellin + 25 mg / L graphene oxide) for 1 day, then take out the seeds, drain the water and mix them with a composite matrix (quartz sand, river sand, peat soil mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:2) in a mass ratio of 1:2, and start stratification storage at room temperature for 30 days on November 1, 2021. During the stratification storage process, the humidity of the composite matrix is ​​maintained at about 45%, and the stratification height of the stratified storage is 25 cm.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] The same as Example 1, the only difference is that the germination promoting solution used in the seed burying treatment process is 600 mg / L gibberellin, that is, the use of graphene oxide is omitted.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] The same as Example 1, the only difference is that during the seed burying treatment, the soaking process in the germination promoting solution is omitted, that is, the specific steps of the seed burying treatment are: on October 30, 2021, take the sealed seeds, soak them in clean water for 2 days, then take out the seeds, drain the water and mix them with the composite matrix (quartz sand, river sand, peat soil mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:2) in a mass ratio of 1:2, and start stratification storage at room temperature for 30 days on November 1, 2021. During the stratification storage process, the humidity of the composite matrix is ​​maintained at about 45%, and the stratification height of the stratified storage is 25 cm.

[0073] Comparative Example 5

[0074] The same as Example 1, except that the composite matrix for seed burying treatment is a mixture of river sand and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0075] Comparative Example 6

[0076] The same as Example 1, except that when applying the basal fertilizer, only 450 kg / mu of decomposed chicken manure is applied, and the application of humic acid is omitted.

[0077] Comparative Example 7

[0078] The same as Example 1, the only difference is that the nutrient soil covered after sowing is a mixture of loess soil and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 70:4.

[0079] Effect verification

[0080] The emergence rate and seedling quality of each embodiment and comparative example were statistically analyzed.

[0081] Statistical method for emergence rate:

[0082] When sowing, randomly select 5 plots with a sowing amount of 100 in each experimental plot, mark them, and calculate the germination rate at 15 and 30 days after sowing. Germination rate = number of seeds emerging from the soil / number of seeds sown × 100%. Take the average value of the 5 plots.

[0083] Seedling quality statistical method:

[0084] Three months after sowing, 5 plots were randomly selected in each experimental plot, and 100 seedlings were taken from each plot. The seedling height and root length were counted, and the results were taken as the average value of the 5 plots.

[0085] The results are shown in Table 1:

[0086] Table 1

[0087]

[0088] As shown in the results of Table 1, the method of the present invention is used to cultivate Prunus mume, and a higher emergence rate can be achieved within 15 days after sowing, and emergence is substantially completed within 30 days, and the emergence process is accelerated while the emergence rate is improved, the seedling quality is high, and the early growth and development situation is good. And the above effect is achieved by the coordinated cooperation of each step of the present invention, and any one of the cultivation steps changes, which may affect the germination of seeds and the growth and development of seedlings, resulting in a decrease in the emergence rate and a decrease in the seedling quality.

[0089] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Prunus mume, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed collection: Collect ripe fruits, remove the peel, wash, disinfect, dry in the shade, and store in a sealed container; (2) Seed burial treatment: Take the sealed seeds, soak them in clean water for 3 days, then soak them in germination-promoting solution for 2 days, then mix them with the composite matrix and store them in stratification at room temperature for 35 days; (3) Seedbed preparation: Apply basal fertilizer to the seedbed, turn the soil 30 cm deep, mix well with the soil, build ridges 1 meter wide and 25 cm high, with a width of 35 cm between ridges, and cover the ridges with a 2 cm thick layer of loess soil; (4) Sowing: Take the buried seeds and spread them evenly on the seedbed. The seed dosage is 7 kg / mu. After sowing, cover with 1 cm thick nutrient soil, then cover with a layer of straw, water thoroughly, and cover with a film; (5) Management during the seedling stage: After the seedlings have fully emerged, remove the film, set up the sunshade net, and maintain the temperature in the greenhouse at 25±2℃; when the seedlings are 6-10cm high, remove the sunshade net and thin out the seedlings, maintaining a plant spacing of 8-10cm and a row spacing of 10-12cm; after thinning out and replanting, apply the first fertilizer once every 22 days at an application rate of 4kg / mu; after closing the rows, apply the second fertilizer once every 35 days at an application rate of 5kg until the seedlings emerge; during the entire seedling stage, water as the soil in the seedbed dries up to keep the soil moist; (6) Transplantation: When the seedlings have a ground diameter of ≥ 0.5 cm, they can be transplanted. The ripe fruits are collected from three-year-old robust and pest-free Gangmei plants; The germination promoting solution is composed of 700 mg / L gibberellin + 35 mg / L graphene oxide; The composite matrix is ​​made of quartz sand, river sand and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:1:3; The base fertilizer includes decomposed organic fertilizer and humic acid; the application amount of the decomposed organic fertilizer is 450kg / mu; the application amount of the humic acid is 45kg / mu; The nutrient soil is prepared by mixing loess soil, quartz sand and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 70:30:4; The content of N, P and K in the first fertilizer is 28:6:6; The content of N, P and K in the second fertilizer is 15:15:15; The disinfection step comprises: soaking the seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.4% for 25 minutes; The shading rate of the sunshade net is 70%.

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