A method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling cultivation and propagation of strawberries. The steps are as follows: S1, constructing cultivation trellises; S2, transplanting mother seedlings from February to mid-March; S3, adjusting the cultivation trellis to a "high" position, placing the bagged mother seedlings on the cultivation trellis, and then managing the seedlings to promote strong growth; S4, from early July to early August, cutting off the runners, retaining 3-4 leaves and 1 bud for cutting propagation; S5, after the cutting propagation is completed, adjusting the cultivation trellis to a "low" position, removing the substrate soil and mother seedlings from the original planting bags, inserting them into new planting bags, filling them with substrate soil, and then placing the mother seedlings on the cultivation trellis; S6, managing the mother seedlings to promote strong growth; S7, flowering and fruiting begin in mid-to-late October. This method is simple, easy to operate, and has low facility investment costs. It is not only suitable for rapid propagation of mother seedlings on "high shelves" in spring and summer and meets the needs of soilless cultivation on "low shelves" in autumn and winter, but also greatly improves facility utilization and increases production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soilless strawberry cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries. Background Technology

[0002] Strawberries are perennial herbaceous plants belonging to the genus *Fragaria* of the Rosaceae family. Their fruits are brightly colored, juicy, and sweet and sour, rich in protein and vitamins, earning them the title of "Queen of Fruits." Strawberries are highly adaptable, have a short production cycle, produce quick results, and generate high profits. In recent years, their cultivation in greenhouses and for fruit picking in my country have developed rapidly, contributing to rural revitalization.

[0003] Soilless strawberry cultivation in greenhouses involves two stages: seedling raising and cultivation. Both stages use substrate soil instead of traditional soil, combined with environmental control measures, allowing strawberries to grow under suitable temperature, light, and fertility conditions, fully realizing their growth potential. The resulting seedlings are uniform and robust, with high transplant survival rates, early flowering and fruiting, and superior fruit quality, leading to high economic benefits. Seedling raising is a crucial step in strawberry cultivation, making soilless seedling equipment and supporting cultivation techniques particularly important.

[0004] Using trellises for strawberry propagation in greenhouses can significantly improve the yield per unit area, reduce labor intensity, and improve seedling quality. Common soilless seedling cultivation methods include A-type and H-type trellises, hanging equipment, mobile seedbeds, and simple fixed seedbeds, providing suitable environmental conditions for runner growth and seedling propagation. However, A-type and H-type trellises have fixed heights, mobile seedbed-type trellises cannot be modified in area, and overhead hanging equipment has high requirements for the load-bearing capacity and safety of the greenhouse steel frame, resulting in high production costs. Furthermore, after the trellises have fulfilled their function of propagating strawberry mother seedlings, they are often left idle, leading to a waste of greenhouse resources and equipment.

[0005] High-quality substrate is the foundation of hydroponic strawberry cultivation, mainly composed of raw materials such as peat moss and coconut coir. Currently, the amount of substrate used in hydroponic strawberry cultivation is large, and the high price of imported peat moss and desalinated coconut coir means that substrate accounts for about 20% of the total cost in hydroponic cultivation. Whether used for seedling cultivation or planting, the substrate is discarded as agricultural waste after production, resulting in resource waste. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling cultivation and planting of strawberries. This method is simple, easy to operate, has low facility investment costs, and no safety hazards. It is not only suitable for rapid propagation of mother seedlings on "high trellises" in spring and summer, and meets the needs of soilless cultivation on "low trellises" in autumn and winter, but also greatly improves facility utilization and increases production efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for year-round, high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Construct cultivation racks with adjustable height;

[0010] S2. From February to mid-March, select virus-free strawberry seedlings as mother seedlings, fill the substrate soil into planting bags, and then transplant the mother seedlings.

[0011] S3. Adjust the cultivation rack to the "elevated" state, place the bagged mother seedlings on the cultivation rack, and then carry out strong seedling cultivation management on the elevated mother seedlings to make the mother seedlings quickly develop runners and produce a large number of daughter seedlings;

[0012] S4. From early July to early August, cut off the runners, keeping 3-4 leaves and 1 bud for each seedling. Grade the seedlings according to the order in which they are produced and then propagate them by cuttings.

[0013] S5. After the cuttings are planted, adjust the cultivation stand to the "low stand" position, take the substrate soil and mother seedlings out of the original planting bags, put them into the new planting bags that have been filled with substrate, fill them with substrate soil, and then place the mother seedlings on the cultivation stand.

[0014] S6. Strengthen the seedlings on the low shelves by cultivating and managing them to become robust.

[0015] S7. In mid-to-late October, the mother seedlings on the low shelves begin to flower and bear fruit, and the fruiting period ends at the end of February or mid-March of the following year.

[0016] Furthermore, the cultivation frame includes a base frame and at least one stacking frame. The base frame includes two first vertical supports and at least one first horizontal support. The top of the first vertical support is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion with an inverted "V" cross-section or a strip-shaped groove with an inverted "V" cross-section. The two sides of each first horizontal support are fixedly connected to the two first vertical supports respectively. The stacking frame includes a second vertical support and at least one second horizontal support. The bottom of the second vertical support is provided with a strip-shaped groove with an inverted "V" cross-section or a strip-shaped protrusion with an inverted "V" cross-section. The top of the second vertical support is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion with an inverted "V" cross-section or a strip-shaped groove with an inverted "V" cross-section. The two sides of each second horizontal support are fixedly connected to the two second vertical supports respectively. At least one stacking frame is stacked on the base frame in a mutually interlocking manner.

[0017] Furthermore, the first vertical support is a square vertical plate with strip-shaped protrusions extending along the length of the top of the first vertical support. The first horizontal frame is composed of multiple equally spaced first horizontal bars, with both ends of each first horizontal bar fixedly connected to two first vertical frames. The second vertical support is a square vertical plate with strip-shaped grooves extending along the length of the bottom of the second vertical support and strip-shaped protrusions extending along the length of the top of the second vertical support. The second horizontal frame is composed of multiple equally spaced second horizontal bars, with both ends of each second horizontal bar fixedly connected to two second vertical frames.

[0018] Furthermore, when the cultivation stand is in the "high stand" state, its height is 2.0-2.4m; when the cultivation stand is in the "low stand" state, its height is 1.0-1.2m.

[0019] Furthermore, the matrix is ​​composed of earthworm castings, sawdust, and vermiculite, with a volume ratio of 0.15-0.22:0.50-0.80:0.1-0.25.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, the mother seedlings are transplanted without exposing the roots or burying the crown.

[0021] Furthermore, in steps S3 and S5, when the mother seedling is on the cultivation stand, the mother seedling is "bowed" outwards.

[0022] Furthermore, the method for cultivating and managing robust seedlings in step S3 is as follows:

[0023] Within 15 days of transplanting the mother seedlings, apply root-promoting fertilizer and microbial fertilizer 1-3 times each; 20 days after transplanting, spray water-soluble fertilizer on the top of the mother seedlings every 10-15 days and drip-irrigate humic acid fertilizer and microbial agents at the roots of the mother seedlings.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S4, after the seedlings are propagated by cuttings, they are placed in a greenhouse at 21-24℃ and covered with film to retain moisture for 4-5 days.

[0025] Furthermore, the method for cultivating and managing robust seedlings in step S6 is as follows:

[0026] After placing the mother seedlings on low shelves, apply organic fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer, or microbial fertilizer every 15 days. In August, prune the runners and split the old leaves. In late September, on a sunny day, split the old leaves, leaving 3-4 leaves per plant. Then apply a high-concentration potassium dihydrogen phosphate and microbial fertilizer once. From early August to mid-September, during hot and sunny weather, shade the mother seedlings between 10:00 and 16:00 and control the ambient temperature below 30℃.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S7, a high-nitrogen, high-potassium, and high-calcium water-soluble fertilizer is applied during the fruit expansion period.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. This invention enables the propagation of strawberry seedlings in spring and summer using "high" trellises, and the cultivation of strawberry seedlings for autumn production using "low" trellises in autumn and winter. Unlike trellises which are only used for seedling cultivation or planting, this invention solves the problems of wasted greenhouse space resources and idle facilities and equipment.

[0030] 2. In this invention, the propagation of mother seedlings adopts a frame-based system and a matching soilless propagation technology, achieving propagation per 667m². 2 The production yielded 146,000 seedlings, which is 2.4-2.9 times higher than the traditional open-field seedling cultivation, greatly improving the seedling yield per unit area of ​​the facility and resulting in outstanding production benefits.

[0031] 3. This invention uses height-adjustable cultivation racks for hydroponics of strawberries in autumn, reducing the labor intensity of manual weeding, splitting old leaves, and spraying pesticides. The accompanying soil-building technology during cultivation does not require the preparation of large amounts of new substrate, reducing agricultural operations. Compared with conventional open-field seedling raising and hydroponics, the simplification effect is obvious.

[0032] 4. In this invention, the bagged mother seedlings and substrate soil after the seedling raising process are retained for hydroponics of autumn strawberries. A soil-building technique is used, with each 667m² of soil being added. 2 Reduce by 21-28m 3 The cultivation substrate reduces seedling production by 6,000 plants per 667m². 2 Production costs were reduced by 13,500-17,000 yuan, resulting in significant cost savings.

[0033] 5. This invention uses individual plant cultivation in planting bags, which is beneficial for treating plants infected with infectious diseases such as anthracnose and root rot. Plant bags containing diseased plants can be directly removed from the greenhouse for harmless treatment, effectively avoiding the spread and reinfection of diseases, and achieving efficient propagation of robust strawberry seedlings.

[0034] 6. This invention uses a simple cultivation frame with adjustable height that is not fixed. Unlike facilities that use cultivation troughs to plant mother seedlings, such as plastic "A"-shaped frames, fixed-height "H"-shaped frames, and hanging equipment, this cultivation frame is easy to manufacture and has low manufacturing costs. It also meets the production requirements of greenhouse high-level propagation, cutting propagation, and low-level cultivation. It not only reduces facility investment costs and later maintenance costs, but also has multiple functions, high utilization rate, and strong economic practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-functional, height-adjustable cultivation stand.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part I.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stacking frame.

[0038] Figure 4 Crown width of strawberry mother seedlings treated with 14 different substrate formulations

[0039] Figure 5 Images showing the effects of different substrate formulations on the growth of strawberry mother seedlings.

[0040] Figure 6 Nutrient accumulation in strawberry mother seedlings treated with 14 different substrate formulations.

[0041] Figure 7 The inflorescence rate of strawberry mother plants treated with 14 different substrate formulations is shown in the figure.

[0042] Among them, 1-first vertical support, 2-first horizontal bar, 3-second vertical support, 4-second horizontal bar, 5-strip protrusion, 6-strip groove, 7-limiting stop bar, 8-adjusting bolt, 9-universal wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] S1. Prepare adjustable-height cultivation racks in advance:

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the cultivation stand includes a base frame and two stacking frames. The base frame and the stacking frames are made of ordinary carbon steel, low alloy steel and stainless steel, etc. The height of the base frame is 1.0m and the height of the stacking frames is 0.6m.

[0047] The base frame includes two first vertical supports 1 and two first horizontal supports. The two first horizontal supports are located between the two first vertical supports 1 and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. Each first vertical support 1 is a square vertical plate with a strip-shaped protrusion 5 extending along its length at its top. The cross-section of the strip-shaped protrusion 5 is an inverted "V" shape. Each first horizontal support is composed of multiple equally spaced first horizontal bars 2. In the upper first horizontal support, both ends of each first horizontal bar 2 are welded to the upper part of the two first vertical supports 1. In the lower first horizontal support, both ends of each first horizontal bar 2 are welded to the two first vertical supports 1 near their bottom.

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, the stacking frame includes a second vertical support 3, a second horizontal support, and four limiting components. The second vertical support 3 is a square vertical plate with a strip-shaped groove 6 extending along its length at the bottom. The cross-section of the strip-shaped groove 6 is "V" shaped. The top of the second vertical support 3 has a strip-shaped protrusion 5 extending along its length, with the cross-section of the strip-shaped protrusion 5 being an inverted "V" shaped. The second horizontal support is composed of multiple equally spaced second horizontal bars 4, with each second horizontal bar 4 welded to two second vertical supports 3 at both ends.

[0049] Two stacking frames are stacked sequentially on the base frame by interlocking with each other using strip protrusions 5 and strip grooves 6. When both stacking frames are stacked, the distance between the two second horizontal supports, the distance between the lower second horizontal support and the upper first horizontal support, and the distance between the two first horizontal supports are all the same.

[0050] The four limiting components are arranged in a square shape, such as Figure 2 As shown, the limiting component includes limiting stops 7 and adjusting bolts 8. Two limiting stops 7 are located on the outer sides of the two side walls in the thickness direction of one of the second vertical supports 3, and the other two limiting stops 7 are located on the outer sides of the two side walls in the thickness direction of the other second vertical support 3. The four adjusting bolts 8 pass through one end of each of the four limiting stops 7. Threaded holes are symmetrically provided at the bottom of the two side walls in the thickness direction of the second vertical support 3, and the four adjusting bolts 8 are threaded into the four threaded holes respectively.

[0051] The bottom of the first vertical support 1 is symmetrically equipped with casters 9 at both ends. The entire cultivation frame can be moved by the casters 9, which not only makes operation convenient but also reduces labor intensity.

[0052] When it is necessary to increase the height of the cultivation stand, the stacking stand is placed on the base frame or the stacking stand below by the cooperation of the strip protrusion 5 and the strip groove 5. Then, the limiting stop 7 is placed vertically and attached to the base frame or the stacking stand below. The adjusting bolt 8 is tightened so that the limiting stop 7 limits and strengthens the fixation of the stacking stand located above.

[0053] When it is necessary to lower the height of the cultivation stand, loosen the adjusting bolt 8 and simply remove the corresponding stacking stand.

[0054] Place the prepared cultivation racks into the greenhouse to construct the facility greenhouse. The cultivation racks are arranged side by side, with a distance of 0.7m between each row of cultivation racks.

[0055] S2. From January to April 2022, before transplanting the mother seedlings, earthworm castings, sawdust, and vermiculite were mixed in a mass ratio of 0.208:0.541:0.253 to prepare the substrate soil. The mother seedlings were transplanted on January 13 (January), February 12 (February), March 12 (March), and April 11 (April). The transplanting procedure for each mother seedling was as follows: virus-free strawberry plug tray seedlings were selected as mother seedlings. The substrate soil was filled into 20*20cm planting bags, and 90 mother seedlings were transplanted. When transplanting the mother seedlings, the roots were not exposed and the crown was not buried.

[0056] S3. Place the two stacked frames of each cultivation stand on the corresponding base frame, adjust each cultivation stand to the "elevated" state (height of 2.2 meters), and place the bagged mother seedlings on the cultivation stand, requiring the mother seedlings to have their "bowed backs" facing outwards.

[0057] S4. On the 5th and 12th day after transplanting the mother seedlings, drench the roots with a 1000-fold dilution of Livwosheng and a 1000-fold dilution of "Root Power" bacterial solution. 20 days after transplanting, every 10 days, spray the leaves with an 800-fold dilution of balanced water-soluble fertilizer (20-10-20), a 500-fold dilution of Livig, or an 800-fold dilution of Livjian, and drench the roots with a 1000-fold dilution of amino acid calcium fertilizer and a 1000-fold dilution of "Root Power" bacterial solution.

[0058] S5. On July 28, 2022, the morphological indicators of the mother seedlings planted from January to April were measured. Then, the stolons and daughter seedlings produced by the mother seedlings were cut off, and the daughter seedlings were kept with 2-3 leaves and 1 bud. The number of stolons and daughter seedlings produced by the mother seedlings planted from January to April were counted.

[0059] The morphological indicators of strawberry mother plants transplanted from January to April are shown in Table 1 below:

[0060] Table 1. Morphological indicators of strawberry mother plants from January to April

[0061]

[0062] The number of runners and daughter plantlets produced by strawberry mother plants transplanted from January to April is shown in Table 2 below:

[0063] Table 2. Number of runners and daughter plants produced by strawberry mother plants from January to April.

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Table 2, the number of stolons and daughter seedlings of mother seedlings planted in February was higher than in other months, with an increase per 667m². 2 The number of seedlings and production benefits are maximized in this way. Therefore, the suitable time for transplanting strawberry mother seedlings is February, followed by March.

[0066] S6. The seedlings were divided into four grades according to their age, and then propagated by tray cuttings. The tray cuttings were first placed in a constant temperature environment of 22℃ with a film covering for 5 days of moisture retention, and then moved to a seedling greenhouse (temperature 24℃) for further cultivation. The survival rate of the cuttings, morphological indicators of the tray cuttings, and the transplant survival rate of the tray cuttings were measured on August 4, 2022, September 18, 2022, and September 25, 2022, respectively.

[0067] Table 3 shows the propagation results of cuttings from the mother seedlings transplanted from January to April:

[0068] Table 3. Comparison of the propagation effects of cuttings on daughter seedlings produced from mother seedlings transplanted from January to April.

[0069]

[0070] As shown in Table 3, the survival rate of cuttings of daughter seedlings produced from mother seedlings planted from January to April was over 83.5%, and the survival rate of transplanted seedlings reached over 99.0%. Among them, the survival rate of cuttings of daughter seedlings produced from mother seedlings planted in April and February was relatively high.

[0071] S7. On August 3, 2022, remove the two stacked shelves from each cultivation stand, keeping only the corresponding base shelf. Adjust each cultivation stand to the "low shelf" position. The removed stacked shelves can be used for greenhouse cultivation of the plug seedlings from the previous step. Remove the substrate soil and mother seedlings from the original planting bags and insert them into new planting bags (25*25cm) that already contain about 5cm of substrate. Fill the bags with substrate soil, and then place the mother seedlings on the cultivation stand, ensuring that the "bowed back" of the mother seedlings faces outwards.

[0072] Before September, prune newly formed runners and remove old leaves from the mother plant as needed. From early August to mid-September, during hot and sunny weather, provide appropriate shade to the mother plant between 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM to control the ambient temperature below 30℃. After re-mulching the mother plant, drench the roots every 15 days with a 1000-fold dilution of Livwosheng and "Root Power" bacterial solution. From September 20th to 25th, prune old leaves, leaving only 4-5 leaves. After pruning, drench the roots with a 1000-fold dilution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and "Root Power" bacterial solution.

[0073] On October 20th, the mother seedlings on the low-lying shelves began to bud. During the fruit expansion period, apply a water-soluble fertilizer containing high nitrogen, high potassium, and high calcium. The fruiting period ends at the end of February or mid-March of the following year.

[0074] The yield of strawberry mother plants transplanted from January to April 2023 was statistically analyzed from the start of the results to mid-February 2023. The results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0075] Table 4. Comparison of yields of seedlings produced from mother plants transplanted in January to April.

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Table 4, the yield of seedlings produced from mother seedlings planted from January to April was over 1805.4 kg per mu, with a value exceeding 54,200 yuan.

[0078] Experiment 1: Determination of the substrate soil formula

[0079] 1. In March 2021, using the extreme vertex design in the DOE (Design of Extrema) of Minitab 19 software, the addition ratios (by volume) of the three raw materials—earthworm castings, sawdust, and vermiculite—were set as follows: earthworm castings 0-0.8, sawdust 0-0.8, and vermiculite 0-0.33. Thirteen different experimental substrate soil formulations were obtained through software design, and these thirteen different substrate formulations are shown in Table 5 below.

[0080] Table 5. Substrate Soil Formula

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Using conventional substrate soil (CK) as a control, the conventional substrate soil was a mixture of peat moss and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:1. The nutrient content of 14 mixed substrate formulations was determined, and the results are shown in Table 6: the substrate treatments with membership function values ​​greater than 0.6 were T4, T11, T3, and T8.

[0084] Table 6 Nutrient content of 14 substrate formulations

[0085]

[0086] 2. Following the methods described in steps S2-5 of Example 1, strawberry mother seedlings and robust seedlings were planted and cultivated in the greenhouse of Example 1 using 13 experimental substrate soils and conventional substrate soils. The recovery time for the 14 substrate treatments was recorded after planting. The survival rate was calculated 15 days after planting, and the morphological indicators of the strawberry mother plants under the 14 substrate treatments were measured 60 days after planting. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0087] Table 7 Effects of 14 substrate formulations on morphological parameters of strawberry mother plants

[0088]

[0089] Based on seedling establishment time, survival rate, stem diameter, and crown width Figure 4 ), mother plant seedling strength index ( Figure 5The number of runners and seedlings were used as conventional indicators. The membership function value was used as a comprehensive evaluation index for screening the substrate formula for propagating seedlings from mother plants. T8 had the largest membership function value, indicating that the T8 substrate formula (earthworm castings: sawdust: vermiculite in a volume ratio of 0.208:0.541:0.253) had the highest propagation efficiency for strawberry mother plants and was the optimal formula for propagating seedlings from mother plants.

[0090] 3. From August to September 2021, strawberry mother plants planted in 13 experimental substrate soils and conventional substrate soils were re-cultivated using the methods described in steps S7-9 of Example 1. On August 27, 2021, the organic matter, available nitrogen, NO3-N, NH4-N, P, K, Ca, and Mg content of the mother plants were measured. The results are shown in Table 8 below. Figure 6 As shown, the nutrient content of different substrate formulations varied significantly. The organic matter content of the 13 substrates using earthworm castings, sawdust, and vermiculite as raw materials was significantly lower than that of the conventional substrate (CK). Figure 6 It can be seen that, except for T4 and T11, the other 11 substrate formulations significantly increased the total N (the sum of alkaline nitrogen, NO3-N, and NH4-N) and total P, K, Ca, and Mg accumulation in strawberry mother plants compared to conventional substrates.

[0091] Table 8. Effects of 14 substrate formulations on nutrient accumulation in strawberry mother seedlings

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] The inflorescence emergence rate of mother seedlings treated with different formulations was statistically analyzed on October 6, 2021, October 16, 2021, October 25, 2021, November 5, 2021, November 15, 2021, and November 25, 2021. The results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, by Figure 7 It can be seen that the inflorescence emergence time of treatments T8 and T3 was earlier and more uniform, reaching 100% by November 10.

[0095] The nutrient accumulation of mother plants under different treatments and the quality of strawberry fruits were measured on October 6, 2021. The results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0096] Table 9. Effects of different substrate formulations on strawberry quality

[0097]

[0098] Using soluble solids content, titratable acid content, soluble sugar content, vitamin C content, and protein content as conventional indicators, and the membership function value as a comprehensive evaluation index for the impact of different matrix formulations on strawberry quality, T8 showed the largest membership function value. Therefore, the T8 matrix formulation (earthworm castings: sawdust: vermiculite in a volume ratio of 0.208:0.541:0.253) exhibited the best overall performance and was selected as the optimal formulation.

[0099] Experiment 2: Determination of Temperature for Greenhouse Seedling Cuttings

[0100] On July 1, 2022, following step S6 of Example 1, the fourth-level seedlings were labeled as Seedling 1, Seedling 2, Seedling 3, and Seedling 4, and inserted into 24-cell trays. After covering with film to maintain moisture, they were placed in artificial incubators at 8℃, 12℃, 15℃, 18℃, 21℃, 24℃, 27℃, 30℃, and 33℃. After 5 days, the number of new roots and the survival rate of the cuttings were measured, and the results are shown in Table 10 below. As can be seen from Table 10, Seedlings 1-4 had the most new roots at 24℃. The temperatures at which the survival rate of the cuttings reached over 90% were 12℃, 15℃, 18℃, 21℃, and 24℃. Considering the energy consumption cost of cooling in summer, 24℃ in the greenhouse was the optimal temperature.

[0101] Table 10 Effects of different temperatures on rooting and survival rate of seedling cuttings

[0102]

Claims

1. A method for year-round high efficient vertical stand seedling raising and cultivation of strawberry, characterized in that Includes the following steps: S1. Construct cultivation racks with adjustable height; In February and S2, select virus-free strawberry seedlings as mother seedlings, fill the substrate soil into planting bags, and then transplant the mother seedlings. S3. Adjust the cultivation rack to the "elevated" state. At this time, the height of the cultivation rack is 2.0-2.4m. Place the bagged mother seedlings on the cultivation rack, and then carry out strong seedling cultivation management on the elevated mother seedlings to make the mother seedlings quickly develop stolons and produce a large number of daughter seedlings. S4. From early July to early August, cut off the runners, keeping 3-4 leaves and 1 bud for each seedling. Grade the seedlings according to the order in which they are produced and then propagate them by cuttings. S5. After the cuttings are taken out, adjust the cultivation stand to the "low stand" position. At this time, the height of the cultivation stand is 1.0-1.2m. Take out the substrate soil and mother seedlings from the original planting bags and put them into the new planting bags that have been filled with substrate. Then fill them with substrate soil and place the mother seedlings on the cultivation stand. S6. Strengthen the seedlings on the low shelves by cultivating and managing them to become robust. S7. In mid-to-late October, the mother seedlings on the low shelves begin to flower and bear fruit, and the fruiting period ends in late February or mid-March of the following year.

2. The method for year-round high efficient strawberry seedling raising and cultivation in vertical stand according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation frame includes a base frame and at least one stacking frame. The base frame includes two first vertical supports and at least one first horizontal support. The top of the first vertical support has a strip-shaped protrusion with an inverted "V" cross-section or a strip-shaped groove with an inverted "V" cross-section. The two sides of each first horizontal support are fixedly connected to the two first vertical supports respectively. The stacking frame includes a second vertical support and at least one second horizontal support. The bottom of the second vertical support has a strip-shaped groove with an inverted "V" cross-section or a strip-shaped protrusion with an inverted "V" cross-section. The top of the second vertical support has a strip-shaped protrusion with an inverted "V" cross-section or a strip-shaped groove with an inverted "V" cross-section. The two sides of each second horizontal support are fixedly connected to the two second vertical supports respectively. At least one stacking frame is stacked on the base frame in a mutually interlocking manner.

3. The method for year-round high efficient strawberry seedling raising and cultivation in vertical stand according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first vertical support is a square vertical plate with strip-shaped protrusions extending along the length of the top of the first vertical support. The first horizontal frame is composed of multiple equally spaced first horizontal bars, with both ends of each first horizontal bar fixedly connected to two first vertical frames. The second vertical support is a square vertical plate with strip-shaped grooves extending along the length of the bottom of the second vertical support and strip-shaped protrusions extending along the length of the top of the second vertical support. The second horizontal frame is composed of multiple equally spaced second horizontal bars, with both ends of each second horizontal bar fixedly connected to two second vertical frames.

4. The method of strawberry year-round high efficient vertical nursery and cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix is ​​composed of earthworm castings, sawdust, and vermiculite, with a volume ratio of 0.15-0.22:0.50-0.80:0.1-0.

25.

5. The method of strawberry year-round high efficient vertical nursery and cultivation of claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when transplanting the mother seedlings, the roots should be kept shallow and the crown should not be buried.

6. The method of strawberry year-round high efficient vertical nursery and cultivation of claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S3 and S5, when the mother seedling is on the cultivation stand, the mother seedling is facing outward with its "bowed back".

7. The method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries according to claim 1, characterized in that... The method for cultivating and managing robust seedlings in step S3 is as follows: Within 15 days of transplanting the mother seedlings, apply root-promoting fertilizer and microbial fertilizer 1-2 times each; 20 days after transplanting, spray water-soluble fertilizer on the top of the mother seedlings every 10-15 days and drip-irrigate humic acid fertilizer and microbial agents at the roots of the mother seedlings.

8. The method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, after the seedlings are planted, they are placed in a greenhouse at 21-24℃ and covered with film to retain moisture for 4-5 days.

9. The method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for cultivating and managing robust seedlings in step S6 is as follows: After placing the mother seedlings on low shelves, apply organic fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer, or microbial fertilizer every 15 days; in August, prune the runners and split the old leaves; in late September, choose a sunny day to split the old leaves, leaving 3-4 leaves per plant, and then apply a high concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and microbial fertilizer once; from early August to mid-September, when the weather is hot and sunny, shade the mother seedlings between 10:00 and 16:00 and control the ambient temperature below 30℃.

10. The method for year-round high-efficiency trellis seedling raising and cultivation of strawberries according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, a high-nitrogen, high-potassium, and high-calcium water-soluble fertilizer is applied during the fruit expansion period.

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