A road traffic source tire microplastic collection device and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a road traffic source tire microplastic collection device and control method, comprising a collection box assembly, an opening control unit, a rainfall sensing shed and a control unit; the rainfall sensing shed is a C-shaped structure, the width of which can cover the top of the main collection box and the secondary collection box, and the end of which is a retractable structure, which can automatically extend to cover the main collection box and the secondary collection box in rainy and snowy weather; the collection device includes a main collection box and a secondary collection box, which can respectively collect particles splashed longitudinally on the road and the redeposited part of particles floating due to shear force and wind force, and tire microplastics sliding laterally on the road; the opening control unit can start the driving motor and the opening controller according to a preset time, thereby starting the reciprocating motion of the scraper and opening the opening assembly. In addition, the main collection box and the secondary collection box are both detachable structures, and sampling has good convenience and flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of monitoring of environmentally released microplastics, and in particular relates to a device for collecting microplastic particles generated by tire wear from road traffic sources and a control method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the United Nations Programme (UNEP) has defined microplastics as one of the new global pollutants. The release of microplastics in the environment and their migration in environmental media will pose a potential threat to ecosystems and organisms. Among them, tire microplastics are considered to be one of the main sources of environmental microplastics. During the driving process of a car, the friction between the tire tread and the road surface forms tiny plastic particles. At the same time, with the increase in temperature, the volatile components in the tread escape and form finer particles. The generation of tire wear particles is affected by the type of vehicle, load and road type, and is also related to the lateral and longitudinal shear forces caused by vehicle acceleration, braking, and turning. It is estimated that the global average annual emission of tire microplastics can reach 6 million tons, and with the development of the automotive industry and the continuous increase in the number of motor vehicles, it is expected that the release of tire microplastics and its environmental problems will become increasingly severe in the future.

[0003] Tire microplastics discharged into the environment are not easy to degrade and will continue to accumulate in various environmental media. Among them, only about 0.01% to 10% of tire microplastics enter the atmospheric environment. In addition, the vast majority will be deposited on the road surface or slide to the roadside, and then transported to the sewage treatment plant through rainwater runoff or directly enter the surface water environment. Therefore, directly collecting the wear particles generated in situ by motor vehicle tires on the road surface and roadside is of great significance for the study of calculating the environmental release of tire microplastics and their migration behavior. At the same time, it can also provide guiding strategies for the precise management of tire microplastic emissions and control of their environmental hazards.

[0004] CN116689441A discloses a microplastic collection device for vehicle tires, including a collection box, an air suction component and an air intake pipe, through which the micro-seeds generated by the wheel tires are sucked into the accommodating cavity of the collection box. In current research, the collection of tire microplastics mainly involves setting up a capture device around the tires of motor vehicles to reduce the release of tire wear particles into the environment. However, this will affect the normal driving of motor vehicles, and the collection effect of particles is limited by driving conditions and weather conditions; at the same time, it is impossible to study the occurrence behavior of tire microplastics in environmental media, and it is difficult to quantify the contribution ratio of different road types to tire microplastic emission loads. The collection device for tire microplastics from road traffic sources is conducive to the accurate quantification of the emission of tire wear particles emitted from the road surface, and has a positive effect on the control of the migration and diffusion process of particles and environmental behavior. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a road traffic source tire microplastic collection device and control method. The collection device includes a main collection box and a secondary collection box, which can respectively collect particles splashed longitudinally on the road and the redeposited part of particles floating due to shear force and wind force, as well as tire microplastics sliding laterally on the road; and the collection device can still perform the collection task in rainy and snowy weather with high humidity, which is convenient for subsequent laboratory analysis; and the main collection box and the secondary collection box are both detachable structures, and sampling has great convenience and flexibility.

[0006] A road traffic source tire microplastic collection device, comprising a collection box assembly, an opening control unit, a rainfall sensing shed and a control unit;

[0007] The rain sensing shed is a C-shaped structure, and its width can cover the top of the main collection box and the secondary collection box; a humidity sensor is installed near the end of the upper part of the rain sensing shed, and the roof drive motor, the first storage battery, and the main collection box base are all fixedly arranged at the lower part of the rain sensing shed; and the upper part of the rain sensing shed is a retractable structure, and its upper end can extend toward the main collection box until it covers the main collection box; and the roof drive motor is electrically connected to the first storage battery;

[0008] The collection box assembly includes a main collection box, a main collection box base, a secondary collection box base and a secondary collection box; the main collection box is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid, and the width gradually decreases from the top to the bottom;

[0009] The lower surface of the main collecting box is fixedly connected to the main collecting box base, and one side of the main collecting box base is fixedly connected to one end of the rainfall sensing shed, and the other three sides are respectively fixedly connected to the primary collecting box base, and the secondary collecting box base is detachably connected to the secondary collecting box; the main collecting box collects particles splashed longitudinally on the road and the redeposited part of particles floating due to shear force and wind force, and the secondary collecting box receives tire microplastics sliding laterally on the road;

[0010] The main collecting box has a concave arc-shaped bracket inside, the width of the bracket is adapted to the width of the inner wall of the main collecting box, and the two ends of the bracket are respectively located on the top surfaces of the opposite side walls of the main collecting box, and the bottom of the most concave part of the bracket is 4-6mm away from the main collecting box; and the bottom of the most concave part of the bracket has an opening;

[0011] An opening control unit is provided in the space formed by the bracket and the inner wall of the main collecting box, and is used to open or close the opening of the bracket under the control of the control unit;

[0012] Two movable scrapers are arranged on the upper surface of the bracket, which can slide back and forth between one end of the bracket and the bottom along the upper surface of the bracket; and the scrapers are of a telescopic structure, and their lengths are automatically adjusted by side wall extrusion and internal springs; each of the scrapers is driven to slide back and forth by a driving motor on the same side;

[0013] The control unit is used to control the roof drive motor to drive the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed to extend to the second position or retract to the first position according to the humidity detected by the humidity sensor, and to start the drive motor and the opening controller according to a preset time, thereby starting the scraper reciprocating motion and opening the opening component.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening control unit includes a driving motor, a second battery, an opening controller, a closed particle collection box and an opening assembly; the closed particle collection box is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the main collecting box and is aligned with the position of the opening assembly; the opening assembly is arranged at the opening of the bracket, one end of which is fixed to the back of the bracket, and the other end is a free end, so that it can be flipped relative to the bracket; the opening assembly is electrically connected to the opening controller, and the opening controller is electrically connected to the second battery and is powered by the second battery; and the opening controller is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the collection box assembly also includes an external box body, which is sleeved on the outside of the main collection box, and the inner wall contour of the external box body is adapted to the outer wall contour of the main collection box, and the main collection box and the external box body are detachably connected.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the external box body is detachably covered with a main collection box screen with a pore size of 1-2 mm; the top of the secondary collection box base is detachably covered with a primary collection box screen with a pore size of 1-2 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the road traffic source tire microplastic collection device also includes a purging control unit, which is fixedly arranged on the upper end of a side wall of the external box body. The purging control unit includes a hair dryer and an infrared sensor component. The air outlet of the hair dryer faces the external box body. The infrared sensor component can receive thermal radiation emitted by obstacles through an infrared sensing module, thereby sensing and detecting impurities such as fallen leaves or plastics floating on the surface of the screen of the main collection box; and when the infrared sensor component senses the thermal radiation of impurities, the hair dryer starts working, and stops working when no thermal radiation is sensed.

[0018] Furthermore, a detachable adhesive film assembly is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary collection box to adhere to the particles entering the secondary collection box.

[0019] Furthermore, the main collecting box is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid, and the width gradually decreases from the top to the bottom. The scraper is a scraper with a retractable length, and the maximum length is the same as the upper width of the bracket. The length is automatically adjusted by side wall extrusion and an internal spring, and can slide back and forth between one end of the bracket and the bottom along the surface of the bracket.

[0020] Furthermore, the rainfall sensing shed is a hollow arc-shaped sleeve structure, in which an arc-shaped rigid cover plate adapted to the curvature of the sleeve is arranged. The rigid cover plate is controlled by a roof driving motor to extend or retract outward along the inner wall of the hollow sleeve of the rainfall sensing shed.

[0021] Furthermore, the bracket is made of organic glass and has a smooth surface, so that the particles can easily fall to the bottom of the bracket.

[0022] Furthermore, the main collecting box, the secondary collecting box and the closed particle collecting box are all detachable boxes.

[0023] The control method of the road traffic source tire microplastic collection device is as follows:

[0024] The road traffic source tire microplastic collection device is placed on the sidewalk of the road, with no obstructions within a range of 0.5m-2.5m around it;

[0025] The upper end of the rainfall sensing shed has a first position and a second position, wherein the first position is that the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed does not exceed the side of the main collecting box, and the second position is that the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed exceeds the side of the main collecting box away from the rainfall sensing shed;

[0026] When the humidity sensor detects that the relative humidity of the environment is not greater than 60%, the upper end of the rigid cover of the rainfall sensing shed is located at the first position, and the primary collection box and the secondary collection box collect tire microplastics from the road; at this time, the opening assembly is in a closed state;

[0027] According to a preset cycle, the drive motor simultaneously drives the scraper to reciprocate once along the upper surface of the bracket from the top to the bottom of the bracket, pushing the particles remaining on the surface of the bracket to the opening at the bottom of the bracket; at the same time, the opening controller controls the opening component to flip, thereby opening the opening component and allowing the particles to fall into the closed particle collection box; the flipping time of the opening component is the same as the reciprocating time of the scraper;

[0028] When the humidity sensor detects that the relative humidity of the environment is greater than 60%, the control unit drives the roof driving motor to work, pushing the rigid cover plate inside the rainfall sensing roof to slide out until the upper end of the rainfall sensing roof reaches the second position.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The main collection device of the present invention is set in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid. While maximizing the collection area of ​​the upper opening, three triangular prism-shaped secondary collection boxes are installed on the front and two sides of the lower part of the main collection box. In this way, in addition to being able to collect tire microplastics drifting from above, tire microplastics sliding laterally fall into the three secondary collection boxes under the action of gravity and the reaction force of the inclined sidewalls, so as to achieve an excellent collection effect;

[0031] 2. The side wall of the pull-out collection box designed by the present invention is equipped with a retractable scraper, which can periodically push the tire microplastics that have not fallen off the side wall to the bottom of the collection box. The bottom opening is periodically opened and closed, and the particles further fall into the closed collection box, which makes it difficult for the deposited particles to be re-suspended, thereby improving the accuracy of microplastic collection;

[0032] 3. The present invention is small in size and can be placed on the roadside for passive sampling according to demand. It has small sampling restrictions and high flexibility, and has strong practical applicability and promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for collecting microplastics from tires of road traffic sources according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A front view of

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the external side structure of the collection box assembly shown;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the structure of the main collecting box shown;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rigid cover plate of the rainfall sensing shed extending out during high humidity rain and snow weather.

[0038] in,

[0039] 1: External box 2: Main collection box 3: Secondary collection box base

[0040] 4: Secondary collection box 5: Secondary collection box screen 6: First battery

[0041] 7: Roof drive motor 8: Rainfall sensing shed 9: Humidity sensor

[0042] 10: Purge control unit 11: Main collection box screen 12: Blower

[0043] 13: Infrared sensor assembly 14: Connecting wire 15: Shielding plate

[0044] 16: Main collection box base 21: Scraper 22: Drive motor

[0045] 23: Second storage battery 24: Opening controller 25: Closed particle collection box

[0046] 26: Opening component 27, 28: Connecting wire

[0047] 29: Bracket 30: Rigid cover DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The described specific embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a road traffic source tire microplastic collection device includes a collection box assembly, an opening control unit, a purge control unit 10, a rainfall sensing shed 8 and a control unit. Figure 3 As shown, the collection box assembly includes an external box body 1, a main collection box 2, a secondary collection box base 3, a secondary collection box 4 and a main collection box base 16. Figure 2 As shown, the main collection box 2 is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid, including four side surfaces, a large upper surface and a small lower surface. The inner wall profile of the external box 1 is adapted to the outer wall profile of the main collection box 2, so that the external box 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the main collection box 2, and the main collection box 2 can be taken out of the external box 1 when needed.

[0050] The control unit is used to control the roof drive motor 7 to drive the rainfall sensing shed 8 to extend to the second position or retract to the first position according to the humidity detected by the humidity sensor, and to open the first drive motor, the second drive motor and the opening assembly 26 according to a preset time.

[0051] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the rainfall sensing shed 8 is a C-shaped structure with a height of 0.4-0.6m and a width that can cover the top of the primary collection box 2 and the secondary collection box 4. A humidity sensor 9 is installed near the end of the upper part of the rainfall sensing shed 8, and the roof drive motor 7 and the first battery 6 are fixedly arranged at the lower part of the rainfall sensing shed 8.

[0052] The rainfall sensing shed 8 is a hollow arc-shaped sleeve structure, in which a stainless steel arc-shaped rigid cover plate 30 matching the arc of the sleeve is arranged. The rigid cover plate 30 is controlled by the roof drive motor 7 to extend or retract outward along the inner wall of the hollow sleeve of the rainfall sensing shed 8. The humidity sensor 9 is electrically connected to the control unit and the roof drive motor 7 through internal connecting wires, and the roof drive motor 7 is electrically connected to the first battery 6. When extended, its upper end extends outward, that is, extends toward the main collection box 2 until it covers the main collection box 2.

[0053] A main collecting box screen 11 is detachably connected to the top of the external box body 1 and completely covers the top of the external box body 1; the aperture of the main collecting box screen 11 is 1-2mm, which is used to wear away microplastics through tires.

[0054] The lower surface of the main collection box 2 is fixedly connected to a main collection box base 16 made of stainless steel. The area of ​​the main collection box base 16 is the same as the lower surface of the external box body 1. One side of the main collection box base 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the rainfall sensing shed 8, and the other three sides are respectively fixedly connected to the primary collection box base 3. The cross-section of the secondary collection box base 3 is a right triangle with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface faces the side wall of the main collection box 2 and the side of the main collection box base 16. The secondary collection box 4 is accommodated in the space formed between the side of the main collection box base 16 and the inclined surface of the secondary collection box base 3. The contour of the secondary collection box 4 is adapted to the space formed between the side of the main collection box base 16 and the inclined surface of the secondary collection box base 3. In addition, a detachable adhesive film component is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary collection box 4 to adhere to the particles entering the secondary collection box 4.

[0055] The secondary collection box screen 5 is detachably arranged on the upper part of the secondary collection box 4, one end of which is fixed to the top of the secondary collection box base 3 by a snap, and the other end is fixed to the side bottom edge of the external box body 1 by a snap. The aperture of the secondary collection box screen 5 is 1-2mm, which is used to wear out microplastics through tires.

[0056] like Figure 4As shown, since the main collecting box 2 is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid, the width gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the main collecting box 2 has a concave arc bracket 29 inside, the width of the bracket 29 is adapted to the width of the inner wall of the main collecting box 2, and the two ends of the bracket 29 are respectively located on the top surfaces of the opposite side walls of the main collecting box, and the bracket extends from the two ends to the bottom of the main collecting box 2 to form an arc, and the bottom of the most concave part of the bracket 29 is 4-6mm away from the main collecting box 2. And the bottom of the most concave part of the bracket 29 has an opening. The bracket 29 divides the interior of the main collecting box 2 into two parts, and an opening control unit is arranged in the space formed by the arc bracket 29 and the inner wall of the main collecting box 2, and the opening control unit includes two driving motors 22, a second battery 23, an opening controller 24, a closed particle collection box 25 and an opening assembly 26. A movable opening assembly 26 is provided at the opening of the bracket 29. The opening assembly 26 can cover the opening of the bracket. One end of the opening assembly 26 is fixedly connected to the arc bracket 29, and the other end is a free end, so that it can be flipped relative to the bracket 29. One end of a connecting wire 28 is fixedly connected to the back of the opening assembly 26, and the other end of the connecting wire 28 is fixedly connected to the opening controller 24. The opening assembly 26 can be opened or closed under the drive of the opening controller 24. The opening controller 24 is a lead screw slide controlled by a time relay, and the lead screw slide is driven by a motor. The opening controller 24 is connected to the second battery 23 through a connecting wire 27, and is powered by the second battery 23. The closed particle collection box 25 is fixed to the inner wall at the bottom of the main collection box 2 and is aligned with the position of the opening assembly 26.

[0057] Two movable scrapers 21 are arranged on the bracket 29. The scraper 21 is a scraper with retractable length. The maximum length is the same as the upper width of the bracket 29. The length is automatically adjusted by side wall extrusion and an internal spring, and can slide back and forth between one end and the bottom of the bracket 29 along the surface of the bracket 29. The left drive motor 22 controls the scraper 21 on the left, and the right drive motor 22 controls the scraper 21 on the right.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the purge control unit 10 includes a housing, a blower 12 and an infrared sensor assembly 13 fixedly arranged inside the housing, the housing is fixedly installed at the upper end of a side wall of the external box 1, and the side wall of the housing facing the external box 1 is in an open form, so that the blower 12 inside it faces the external box 1. The infrared sensor assembly 13 can receive the heat radiation emitted by the obstacle through the induction module, so as to sense and detect impurities such as fallen leaves or plastics floating on the surface of the main collection box screen 11.

[0059] Specifically, the working process of the road traffic source tire microplastic collection device is as follows:

[0060] The road traffic source tire microplastic collection device is placed on the sidewalk of the road, with no obstructions within a range of 0.5m-2.5m around it;

[0061] The upper end of the rainfall sensing shed 8 has a first position and a second position. The first position is that the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed 8 does not exceed the side of the main collecting box 2 (i.e., the rigid cover is not extended), and the second position is that the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed 8 exceeds the main collecting box 2 and is away from the side of the rainfall sensing shed 8 (i.e., the rigid cover is fully extended).

[0062] When the humidity sensor 9 detects that the relative humidity of the environment is about 30%-60%, that is, the environment is sunny with low humidity, the rigid cover plate 30 of the rainfall sensing shed 8 is not extended, and its upper end is located at the first position (such as Figure 1 As shown), the opening component 26 is in a closed state, that is, its free end is in close contact with the bottom surface of the bracket 29; at this time, the main collecting box 2 inside the external box body 1 collects the particles splashed longitudinally from the road and the redeposited part of the particles floating due to the shear force and wind force, and the splashed or deposited tire wear particles fall on the inner wall of the main collecting box 2 through the main collecting box screen 11; due to the effect of gravity, a part of the particles falling on the inner wall of the main collecting box 2 can slide along the upper surface of the inclined smooth organic glass arc bracket 29 to the bottom of the arc bracket 29 (that is, the lower part of the main collecting box 2), and because the opening component 26 is in a closed state, the particles that slide naturally at this time do not fall into the closed particle collecting box 25;

[0063] Since some tire wear particles are too small in size or too light in weight, they may remain on the surface of the bracket 29 and not fall to the bottom during the downward movement of the bracket 29. Therefore, according to a preset time (for example, once an hour), the drive motor 22 simultaneously drives the scraper 21 to reciprocate once along the upper surface of the bracket from the top to the bottom of the bracket 29, pushing the particles remaining on the surface of the bracket 29 to the opening at the bottom of the bracket 29; at the same time, the internal drive motor of the opening controller 24 controls the free end of the opening component 26 to move away from the bracket 29 according to a preset time (also once an hour), and the opening time is the same as the time for the scraper to reciprocate once, so that the tire microplastic particles scraped by the scraper 21 to the bottom of the bracket 29 fall into the closed particle collection box 25 through the opened opening component 26 in time, so as to prevent the particles from escaping under the influence of wind or other external factors, so as to maximize the accuracy of particle collection.

[0064] At this time, the three secondary collection boxes 4 installed on the three secondary collection box bases 3 begin to receive tire microplastics that slide laterally on the road. Under the action of gravity and the collision with the outer wall of the external box body 1, the particles fall well into the secondary collection box 4 through the secondary collection box screen 5. The particles slide to the bottom along the inclined side walls inside the secondary collection box 4 and firmly adhere to the surface of the bottom sticky membrane assembly, which is not easily affected by external conditions and will escape. At the same time, the secondary collection box 4 and the membrane assembly are easy to disassemble, so that the collection of laterally sliding particles also has good flexibility.

[0065] At the same time, the main collecting box 2 can be pulled out from the inside of the box by the operator as needed, and the secondary collecting box 4 can be pulled out from the secondary collecting box base 3 by pushing and pulling. The closed particle collection box 25 can also be pulled out from the main collecting box 2 to facilitate subsequent laboratory analysis, and sampling has great convenience and flexibility.

[0066] Since the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed 8 is located at the first position when the weather is clear, there may be vertically falling leaves or other large impurities. At this time, the large impurities are intercepted by the main collection box screen 11 to prevent them from falling into the main collection box. When the sensing module of the infrared sensor component 13 detects the thermal radiation emitted by impurities such as fallen leaves or plastic on the surface, it transmits the signal and drives the blower 12 to start working, blowing away the fallen leaves or other impurities until the infrared sensor component 13 can no longer sense the thermal radiation of the impurities, and the blower stops working. Considering that only a small part of the particles will fall into the secondary collection box 4, and large impurities are more likely to be intercepted by the main collection box screen, the impact of some impurities falling on the secondary collection box screen 5 on the collection of subsequent particles can be ignored.

[0067] When the humidity sensor 9 detects that the relative humidity of the environment is above 60%, that is, when the environment is rainy and snowy with high humidity, the signal is transmitted to the roof drive motor 7, and the roof drive motor 7 starts to work and pushes the rigid cover plate 30 inside the rain sensing roof 8 to slide out until the upper end of the rain sensing roof 8 reaches the second position (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the rainfall sensing roof 8 completely covers the main collection box 2 and the secondary collection box 4, so as to minimize the impact of rainy and snowy days on the deposition and accumulation of tire microplastics, thereby improving the convenience, flexibility and accuracy of particle collection.

[0068] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources, characterized in that: It includes a collection box assembly, an opening control unit, a rainfall sensing shed (8) and a control unit; The rainfall sensing shed (8) is a C-shaped structure, and its width is capable of covering the tops of the main collection box (2) and the secondary collection box (4); a humidity sensor (9) is installed near the end of the upper part of the rainfall sensing shed (8), and the roof drive motor (7), the first storage battery (6), and the main collection box base (16) are all fixedly arranged at the lower part of the rainfall sensing shed (8); the upper part of the rainfall sensing shed (8) is a retractable structure, and its upper end can be extended toward the main collection box (2) until it covers the main collection box (2); and the roof drive motor (7) is electrically connected to the first storage battery (6); The collection box assembly comprises a main collection box (2), a main collection box base (16), a secondary collection box base (3) and a secondary collection box (4); the main collection box (2) is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid, with a width that gradually decreases from the top to the bottom; The lower surface of the main collection box (2) is fixedly connected to the main collection box base (16), and one side of the main collection box base (16) is fixedly connected to one end of the rainfall sensing shed (8), and the other three sides are respectively fixedly connected to the primary collection box base (3), and the secondary collection box base (3) is detachably connected to the secondary collection box (4); the main collection box (2) collects particles splashed longitudinally on the road and the redeposited part of particles floating due to shear force and wind force, and the secondary collection box (4) receives tire microplastics sliding laterally on the road; The main collecting box (2) has a concave arc-shaped bracket (29) inside, the width of the bracket (29) is adapted to the width of the inner wall of the main collecting box 2, and the two ends of the bracket (29) are respectively located on the top surfaces of the opposite side walls of the main collecting box, and the bottom of the most concave part of the bracket (29) is 4-6 mm away from the main collecting box (2); and the bottom of the most concave part of the bracket (29) has an opening; An opening control unit is provided in the space formed by the bracket (29) and the inner wall of the main collecting box (2), and is used to open or close the opening of the bracket (29) under the control of the control unit; Two movable scrapers (21) are provided on the upper surface of the bracket (29) and are capable of sliding back and forth between one end and the bottom of the bracket (29) along the upper surface of the bracket (29); the scrapers are of a telescopic structure, and their lengths are automatically adjusted by side wall extrusion and internal springs; each of the scrapers is driven to slide back and forth by a drive motor (22) on the same side; The control unit is used to control the roof drive motor (7) to drive the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed (8) to extend to the second position or retract to the first position according to the humidity detected by the humidity sensor (9), and to start the drive motor (22) and the opening controller (24) according to a preset time, thereby starting the scraper (21) to reciprocate and open the opening component (26); the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed (8) has the first position and the second position, the first position being that the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed (8) does not exceed the side of the main collection box (2), and the second position being that the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed (8) exceeds the side of the main collection box (2) and is away from the side of the rainfall sensing shed (8); The opening control unit comprises a driving motor (22), a second storage battery (23), an opening controller (24), a closed particle collection box (25) and an opening assembly (26); the closed particle collection box (25) is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the main collection box (2) and aligned with the position of the opening assembly (26); the opening assembly (26) is arranged at the opening of the bracket (29), one end of which is fixed to the back of the bracket and the other end is a free end, so that it can be turned over relative to the bracket (29); the opening assembly (26) is electrically connected to the opening controller (24), the opening controller (24) is electrically connected to the second storage battery (23), and is powered by the second storage battery (23); and the opening controller (24) is electrically connected to the control unit.

2. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection box assembly further comprises an external box body (1), wherein the external box body (1) is sleeved outside the main collection box, and the inner wall profile of the external box body (1) is adapted to the outer wall profile of the main collection box (2), and the main collection box (2) and the external box body (1) are detachably connected.

3. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the external box body (1) is detachably covered with a main collection box screen (11) with a pore size of 1-2 mm; the top of the secondary collection box base (3) is detachably covered with a secondary collection box screen (5) with a pore size of 1-2 mm.

4. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The road traffic source tire microplastic collection device further comprises a purge control unit (10), the purge control unit (10) being fixedly arranged at the upper end of a side wall of the external box (1), the purge control unit (10) comprising a blower (12) and an infrared sensor assembly (13), the blower port of the blower (12) facing the external box (1), the infrared sensor assembly (13) being capable of receiving heat radiation emitted by obstacles through an infrared sensing module, thereby sensing and detecting fallen leaves or plastic impurities floating on the surface of the main collection box screen (11); and the blower (12) starts working when the infrared sensor assembly (13) senses the heat radiation of impurities, and stops working when no heat radiation is sensed.

5. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: A detachable adhesive film assembly is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary collection box (4) for adhering to particles entering the secondary collection box (4).

6. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper (21) is a scraper with a retractable length, and the maximum length is the same as the upper width of the bracket (29).

7. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rainfall sensing shed (8) is a hollow arc-shaped sleeve structure, in which an arc-shaped rigid cover plate (30) adapted to the arc of the sleeve is arranged. The rigid cover plate (30) is controlled by a roof driving motor (7) to extend outwards or retract along the inner wall of the hollow sleeve of the rainfall sensing shed (8).

8. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main collection box (2), the secondary collection box (4) and the closed particle collection box (25) are all detachable boxes.

9. The device for collecting tire microplastics from road traffic sources according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control method of the road traffic source tire microplastic collection device is as follows: The road traffic source tire microplastic collection device is placed on the sidewalk of the road, with no obstructions within a range of 0.5m-2.5m around it; When the humidity sensor (9) detects that the relative humidity of the environment is not greater than 60%, the upper end of the rigid cover plate (30) of the rainfall sensing shed (8) is located at the first position, and the primary collection box (2) and the secondary collection box (4) collect tire microplastics from the road; at this time, the opening component (26) is in a closed state; According to a preset cycle, the drive motor (22) simultaneously drives the scraper (21) to reciprocate once along the upper surface of the bracket from the top to the bottom of the bracket (29), pushing the particles remaining on the surface of the bracket (29) to the opening at the bottom of the bracket (29); at the same time, the opening controller (24) controls the opening component (26) to flip, thereby opening the opening component (26) and allowing the particles to fall into the closed particle collection box (25); the flipping time of the opening component (26) is the same as the reciprocating time of the scraper; When the humidity sensor (9) detects that the relative humidity of the environment is greater than 60%, the control unit drives the roof drive motor (7) to operate, pushing the rigid cover plate (30) inside the rainfall sensing shed (8) to slide out until the upper end of the rainfall sensing shed (8) reaches the second position.

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