A self-adaptive and efficient sealing system and method for drilling holes and surrounding cracks

Abstract

A system and method for self-adaptive and efficient sealing of boreholes and cracks around them, system: two auxiliary tubes of the flower tube are connected to the front end of the flower tube; the output shafts of two high-frequency vibration motors are inserted into the two auxiliary tubes of the flower tube; the extraction pipeline is arranged at the axis of the flower tube, and its two opposite sides are connected to the inner wall of the flower tube through two supporting thin plates; the leakage area of ​​the supporting thin plate is provided with a shock-sensitive film; multiple groups of discharge ports A of the flower tube are correspondingly provided with multiple annular high-elastic bags; the head end of the feeding cylinder in the spiral conveying unit is connected with a feed pipeline and an air intake pipeline, the feed end of the feed pipeline is connected to the discharge port of the material heater, and the upstream side of the air intake pipeline is connected to a booster pump, a gas heater and a gas storage tank in sequence; method: construction of drilling; assembly and installation of a crack plugging device; plugging of cracks around the borehole; assembly and installation of the borehole plugging device; plugging of the borehole. The system and method can realize efficient plugging of the borehole and the pores around it.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of borehole sealing in underground coal mines, and in particular relates to a self-adaptive and efficient sealing system and method for a borehole and its surrounding cracks. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and efficient energy source, gas is widely used in households, industries and commerce. Strengthening gas extraction meets the current national energy strategic needs. At the same time, improving gas extraction efficiency is of great significance to improving coal mine safety and reducing gas disasters. Whether through coal seam permeability enhancement (hydraulic fracturing) or through gas extraction drilling, very strict requirements are placed on the sealing of the borehole. Improving the sealing of the borehole plays an extremely important role in improving operational efficiency and ensuring operational safety.

[0003] In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on improving the sealing effect of boreholes, and have achieved certain research results, but there are still some defects. For example, the method of sealing with cement mortar will cause cracks due to the internal stress of cement mortar during solidification, which will cause air leakage in the borehole; the new sealing method using high molecular foaming materials such as polyurethane has problems such as uneven mixing and insufficient foaming of materials A and B; the "three blocking and two injection" enhanced sealing method uses segmented grouting and pressure grouting. Although it can seal the cracks in the loose circle of the borehole surrounding rock to a certain extent, it is mostly secondary passive sealing, and the same sealing material is used for the borehole and the crack, which cannot fully enter the crack and fit the crack wall. In addition, this method has poor pressure bearing and air tightness and is not suitable for use in high-pressure working environments.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a sealing system and method that can effectively solve the problem of poor sealing of the borehole and its surrounding cracks, significantly improve downhole work efficiency, and ensure operation safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a borehole and its surrounding cracks adaptive and efficient sealing system and its laying method, which can realize efficient sealing of the borehole and the pores around it, and the sealing effect is ideal, which can meet the operation requirements under high-pressure working environment. This method can effectively solve the problems of poor sealing of the borehole and its surrounding cracks and unsatisfactory pressure bearing effect, can significantly improve the underground work efficiency, ensure the safety of the operation, and has wide promotion and application value.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a borehole and its surrounding cracks adaptive and efficient sealing system, including a borehole sealing device and a crack sealing device, wherein the borehole sealing device is an A / B material mixing unit; the crack sealing device is composed of a spiral conveying unit and a gas injection unit;

[0007] The A / B material mixing unit includes a flower tube, a flower tube auxiliary tube, a high-frequency vibration motor, an extraction pipeline, a supporting thin plate, a shock-sensitive film, a positioning assembly and an annular high-elastic bag; the two ends of the flower tube are respectively fixedly encapsulated with a front end plate and a rear end plate, and the head end of the flower tube is relatively opened on the tube body with an A material inlet and a B material inlet connected to its inner cavity, and a plug A and a plug B are encapsulated in the A material inlet and the B material inlet; the flower tube is arranged in the central area of ​​the borehole, its head end is exposed to the outside of the borehole opening, and its tail end is located in the sealing section of the borehole, and a plurality of groups of discharge ports A are sequentially arranged along the length direction, each group of discharge ports A is composed of a plurality of outlets A evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each outlet A is sealed by a sealing film; two flower tube auxiliary tubes are arranged side by side at the head end of the flower tube. The outer side of the tube, and its ends are relatively fixedly connected to the outer side of the front end plate; multiple pairs of limit rings are fixedly connected at intervals in the inner cavity of the flower tube auxiliary tube, and an annular limit space is formed between each pair of limit rings; two high-frequency vibration motors are arranged side by side on the outer side of the head ends of the two flower tube auxiliary tubes; the output shaft of the high-frequency vibration motor is passed through the center of multiple pairs of limit rings and is located at the axis of the flower tube auxiliary tube, and the output shaft is fixedly sleeved with multiple hard elastic rubber blocks in the part corresponding to the multiple annular limit spaces; the extraction pipeline is arranged at the axis of the flower tube, and its head and tail ends are respectively passed through the center of the front end plate and the center of the rear end plate to the outside of the two ends of the flower tube, and the extraction pipeline is sealed and connected to the front end plate and the rear end plate; two supporting thin plates are arranged inside the flower tube The two support sheets are connected in the area between the extraction pipeline and the flower tube, and the two support sheets are provided with leakage areas; the two sections of shock-sensitive films are respectively connected in the leakage areas on the two support sheets, and cooperate with the two support sheets to isolate the inner cavity of the flower tube into A material cavity and B material cavity, wherein the A material cavity is connected with the A material inlet, and the B material cavity is connected with the B material inlet; multiple groups of positioning components correspond to multiple groups of discharge ports A one by one; the positioning components are composed of a pair of inner limiting hoops, a pair of outer limiting hoops and a pair of limiting steel wires, a pair of inner limiting hoops are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the flower tube, and are distributed on the opposite sides of a group of discharge ports A; a pair of outer limiting hoops are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the flower tube, And distributed on the outside of a pair of inner limiting ring hoops; the height of the inner limiting ring hoop in the same group of positioning components is lower than the height of the outer limiting ring hoop, and an annular limiting groove is formed between the inner limiting ring hoop and the outer limiting ring hoop; a pair of limiting steel wires are respectively wound in the two annular limiting grooves; a plurality of annular high-elastic bags correspond to a plurality of groups of discharge ports A one by one, and are sleeved on the outside of the flower tube at intervals along the length direction, and each annular high-elastic bag has an annular opening on the inner ring side; the two opening ends of the annular high-elastic bag are respectively located on both sides of a plurality of outlets A in the same group, and are respectively embedded in two annular limiting grooves in the same group of positioning components, and are limitedly clamped on the outer surface of the flower tube by a pair of limiting steel wires; the A / B material mixing unit is used to seal the drilled hole;

[0008] The spiral conveying unit comprises a feeding cylinder, a rotating shaft, a feeding drive motor and a discharging mechanism; both ends of the feeding cylinder are closed, the upper part of the head end of the cylinder is connected to a feeding pipeline communicating with its inner cavity, and the lower part of the head end is connected to an air intake pipeline communicating with its inner cavity; the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted at the axis of the feeding cylinder, and its head end is rotatably passed through the head end of the feeding cylinder, and the part of the rotating shaft inside the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected with a continuously extending spiral blade along the length direction; the feeding drive motor is arranged on the outer side of the head end of the feeding cylinder, and its output shaft is connected to the head end of the rotating shaft; A plurality of discharging mechanisms are arranged at intervals in sequence along the length direction on the same side of the end of the feeding cylinder, and the discharging mechanism includes a nozzle, a sleeve, a flexible rubber sleeve and a hoop. The nozzle is arranged radially, and its feeding end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding cylinder, and is connected to the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder through a discharging port B provided on the feeding cylinder. The sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the nozzle, and its inner end is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the feeding cylinder. The flexible rubber sleeve is cylindrical, and its inner end is sleeved on the outside of the outer end of the sleeve. The hoop is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the junction between the flexible rubber sleeve and the sleeve.

[0009] The gas injection unit includes a material heater, a hopper, a valve three, a gas storage tank, a gas heater, a valve two, a booster pump, a valve four and a pressure gauge; the material heater is arranged above the feeding cylinder, and its discharge port is connected to the feeding end of the feeding pipeline, and its feeding port is connected to the hopper; the valve three is connected in series to the feeding pipeline; the inlet end of the gas heater is connected to the gas outlet of the gas storage tank through the gas supply pipeline one, the valve two is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline one, the gas inlet of the booster pump is connected to the outlet end of the gas heater through the gas supply pipeline two, and its gas outlet is connected to the gas inlet end of the gas inlet pipeline; the valve four and the pressure gauge are connected in series to the gas inlet pipeline in sequence;

[0010] A plurality of crack plugging devices are evenly distributed on the outside of the flower tube along the circumferential direction, wherein each feeding cylinder is arranged in the borehole close to the hole wall, and the end of each feeding cylinder is located in the sealing section of the borehole, and the head end of each feeding cylinder is exposed on the outside of the borehole opening; the plurality of crack plugging devices are used to seal the cracks in the loose circle around the borehole.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to prevent the upper end of the outer limiting ring hoop from wearing the inflated annular high-elastic bag, the upper end of the outer limiting ring hoop has an arc chamfer along the inner side.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the on-off control of the extraction pipeline, a valve 1 is connected in series to the head end of the extraction pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to ensure the injection effect while effectively ensuring the injection efficiency, two discharging mechanisms are provided on each spiral conveying unit.

[0014] In the present invention, the extraction pipeline is arranged through the axis of the flower tube, and two symmetrically arranged support thin plates are used to connect the area between the extraction pipeline and the flower tube, and then two sections of shock-sensitive films are used to cover the leakage area of ​​the two support thin plates, and the inner cavity of the flower tube can be isolated into the A material cavity and the B material cavity by using the support thin plates and the shock-sensitive films. Two flower tube auxiliary tubes are fixedly connected side by side on the outside of the front end plate of the flower tube, and the output shafts of the two high-frequency vibration motors are respectively inserted into the inside of the flower tube auxiliary tubes. At the same time, multiple pairs of limiting rings inside the flower tube auxiliary tubes are used to axially limit and fix multiple hard elastic rubber blocks on the output shafts, so that the two high-frequency vibration motors can be used to cause the front end plate, the extraction pipeline and the two support thin plates to generate high-frequency vibration, and then the shock-sensitive film connected to the leakage area can be ruptured by using high-frequency vibration, which is easy to achieve the mixing operation of the materials in the A material cavity and the B material cavity, and is conducive to the rapid foaming process of the A material and the B material. The sealing film is used to seal the outlet A, which can not only effectively ensure the airtightness of the material cavity during the loading stage, but also facilitate the foamed mixed material to quickly break the sealing film at the outlet A during the mixing and foaming stage, so that it can quickly enter the annular high-elastic bag and expand the annular high-elastic bag, and further achieve effective sealing of the drill hole. The high-elastic bag is fixed on the outer wall of the flower tube by using the inner limiting ring hoop and the outer limiting ring hoop in conjunction with the limiting steel wire, which simplifies the connection method and has excellent pressure bearing capacity. In addition, when the filled material fully expands the annular high-elastic bag, the two open ends of the annular high-elastic bag are embedded in the annular limiting groove between the inner and outer limiting ring hoops, so that the two open ends of the annular high-elastic bag can be more closely fitted with the inner limiting ring hoop and the outer limiting ring hoop, effectively ensuring that the annular high-elastic bag and the wall of the flower tube can have good airtightness, and can be used for sealing operations under different working conditions. By sequentially arranging a plurality of annular high-elasticity bags on the outside of the flower tube, the plugging effect of the drill hole can be further improved. A feed pipeline is provided at the head end of the feeding cylinder, and the feed pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the material heater, so that the material heater can be used to preheat the material, thereby facilitating the addition of the molten material into the head end of the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder.An air inlet pipeline is provided at the head end of the feeding cylinder, and valve 4, a pressure gauge, a booster pump, a gas heater and a gas storage tank are sequentially arranged on the upstream side of the air inlet pipeline, so that the supercritical gas can be heated and pressurized in sequence, and the pressure gauge can be used to observe the pressure condition on the air inlet pipeline in real time, so that valve 4 can be opened after the pressure meets the preset pressure value, ensuring that the supercritical gas injected into the head end of the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder can reach the set temperature and pressure range; by arranging a rotating shaft with spiral blades in the feeding cylinder, and using a feeding drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, not only can the spiral blades be used to fully mix the molten material and the supercritical gas after heating and pressurization, but also the mixed material can be quickly transported to the discharge end; A plurality of discharge mechanisms are arranged on the same side of the end, and the nozzles in the discharge mechanisms are connected with the inner cavity of the feeding barrel through a discharge port A provided on the feeding barrel, so that the mixed material delivered to the end of the feeding barrel can be efficiently injected into the cracks by the nozzle, which is beneficial to form a sealing body with good elasticity in the cracks by using the micro-foaming technology, thereby effectively sealing the cracks around the borehole; by arranging a sleeve on the outside of the nozzle, the nozzle can be effectively protected; a flexible rubber sleeve is mounted on the outer end of the sleeve, and when the discharge mechanism extends into the crack, the sealing performance of the crack injection process can be improved by the contact between the flexible rubber sleeve and the wall of the borehole, thereby significantly improving the injection pressure of the injected material, effectively improving the filling depth of the crack, and greatly improving the sealing effect of the crack. The fissure plugging device in the system can facilitate the effective sealing of fissures around the borehole, and the borehole plugging device in the system can effectively seal the borehole. Therefore, the system can achieve efficient sealing of the borehole and the pores around it, and the sealing effect is ideal, which can meet the operating requirements under high-pressure operating environments.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for self-adapting and efficiently sealing a borehole and its surrounding cracks, which uses a self-adapting and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding cracks, and comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Construction drilling;

[0017] constructing multiple boreholes in the target coal seam;

[0018] Step 2: Assemble and install the crack sealing device;

[0019] S21: installing a hopper at the feed port of the material heater, and connecting the discharge port of the material heater to the feed end of the feed pipeline; connecting the gas outlet of the gas storage tank to the inlet end of the gas heater by using the first gas supply pipeline, connecting the outlet end of the gas heater to the gas inlet of the booster pump by using the second gas supply pipeline, and then connecting the gas outlet of the booster pump to the gas inlet end of the gas inlet pipeline, and assembling to form a crack plugging device;

[0020] S22: multiple crack plugging devices are evenly arranged around the inner wall of the borehole along the circumferential direction, and each feeding cylinder is set in the borehole close to the hole wall, and at the same time, the end of each feeding cylinder is ensured to be located in the sealing section of the borehole, the head end of each feeding cylinder is ensured to be exposed outside the borehole opening, and each discharging mechanism is ensured to extend into the cracks around the borehole;

[0021] Step 3: Sealing the cracks around the borehole;

[0022] S31: Start the feeding drive motor, and use the feeding drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate;

[0023] Open valve 2, the gas heater and the booster pump, use the gas heater to heat the supercritical gas output from the gas storage tank, and use the booster pump to pressurize the heated supercritical gas. At the same time, use the pressure gauge to observe the pressure on the intake pipe in real time. When the pressure reaches the preset pressure range, open valve 4 to input the heated and pressurized supercritical gas into the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder through the intake pipe; synchronously, turn on the material heater, add material into the hopper, use the material heater to heat the material, and open valve 3 when the temperature reaches the preset temperature range to transport the molten material formed after heating to the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder through the feed pipe;

[0024] In this process, the molten material and the supercritical gas are fully mixed by the high-speed rotating spiral blades and transported to each discharging mechanism, and then the mixed material is sprayed into the cracks around the borehole through the nozzle. After the plugging operation of the operation area is completed, the feeding drive motor, valve 2, gas heater, booster pump, material heater, valve 3 and valve 4 are closed;

[0025] S32: After all the cracks in the current operation area have been injected with the mixed material, and the mixed material injected into the cracks has foamed, expanded, and solidified, the corresponding feeding cylinder is retreated a set distance toward the drilling hole, and S31 is repeated after reaching the next operation area;

[0026] S33: S31 and S32 are repeatedly executed multiple times until the crack sealing operation in the entire sealing area of ​​the borehole is completed, and then the crack sealing device is removed;

[0027] Step 4: Assemble and install the drilling plugging device;

[0028] S41: inserting the extraction pipeline into the axis of the flower tube;

[0029] S42: First, two sections of shock-sensitive films are used to seal the leakage areas on the two support thin plates respectively, and then the two support thin plates are respectively connected to the two sections of the area between the extraction pipeline and the flower tube, so as to isolate the inner cavity of the flower tube into the A material cavity connected to the A material inlet and the B material cavity connected to the B material inlet, and then the front end plate and the rear end plate are respectively sealed at the two ends of the flower tube, and the extraction pipeline is passed through the center of the front end plate and the rear end plate to the outside of the two ends of the flower tube;

[0030] S43: First, a plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks are installed on the output shaft of the high-frequency vibration motor at intervals, and then inserted into the corresponding flower tube auxiliary tubes, and the plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks are axially limited and fixed by using a plurality of pairs of limiting rings installed in the flower tube auxiliary tubes;

[0031] S44: assembling multiple groups of positioning components corresponding to multiple groups of discharge ports A; fixing a pair of inner limiting ring hoops on the outside of the flower tube and distributing them on opposite sides of a group of discharge ports A; fixing a pair of outer limiting ring hoops on the outside of the flower tube and distributing them on the outer sides of the pair of inner limiting ring hoops; forming an annular limiting groove using the inner limiting ring hoops and the outer limiting ring hoops in the same group of positioning components;

[0032] S45: assembling a plurality of annular high-elasticity bags corresponding to a plurality of positioning components; making the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bags respectively located on both sides of a plurality of outlets A in the same group, and respectively embedded in two annular limiting grooves in the same group of positioning components, and using a pair of limiting steel wires to limit and tighten the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bags in the two annular limiting grooves;

[0033] S46: extending the assembled borehole plugging device into the borehole, and positioning the plurality of annular high-elasticity bags in the sealing section of the borehole;

[0034] Step 5: Carry out the plugging operation of the drilling hole;

[0035] S51: Load material A and material B into the material A inlet and material B inlet respectively, and after loading, use plug A and plug B to block the material A inlet and material B inlet respectively;

[0036] S52: Start two high-frequency vibration motors, use the axial limiting effect of multiple hard elastic rubber blocks and multiple pairs of limiting rings to further amplify the vibration amplitude, and transmit the high-frequency vibration to the front end plate through the flower tube auxiliary tube, further drive the extraction pipeline and the two supporting thin plates to vibrate at high frequency, and use the continuous high-frequency vibration effect to break the shock-sensitive film, so that material A and material B are mixed with each other through the leakage hole area, and use the high-frequency vibration effect to promote the mixing of the two more uniformly. After the material A and material B are mixed and expanded, they break the sealing film encapsulated at the outlet A and enter the annular high-elastic bag. After further expansion, the annular high-elastic bag is inflated and the gap between the flower tube and the drill hole is blocked;

[0037] S53: After the A and B mixed materials are solidified, the two high-frequency vibration motors are turned off, and the two high-frequency vibration motors are separated from the two flower tube auxiliary pipes;

[0038] Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 5 until all borehole sealing operations in the target coal seam area are completed.

[0039] As a preference, the material in step S31 of step three is cross-linked polyethylene particles.

[0040] In the present invention, firstly, the molten material produced in the gas injection unit is uniformly mixed with the supercritical gas in the screw conveying unit and injected into the surrounding rock fissures by using the micro-foaming technology. By adjusting the changes in temperature and pressure, the mixed material is foamed, expanded, and solidified in the fissures to achieve the effect of effectively blocking the fissures, which significantly improves the sealing of the borehole. The sealing body formed in the micro-cracks around the borehole using the micro-foaming technology has good elasticity, so that it can always fit closely with the wall of the crack, effectively solving the problem of poor sealing of the borehole caused by the shrinkage of the coal matrix caused by continuous gas extraction, and providing a reliable guarantee for long-term safe and efficient gas extraction in underground coal mines. Then, by placing an A / B material mixing unit with a shock-sensitive film into the borehole, after adding the A and B materials, the shock-sensitive film can be easily broken by high-frequency vibration, and then the "mixing and foaming" integration of the foaming material in the borehole can be easily realized, so that the fully foamed material can enter and cause the annular high-elastic bag to swell, and then the fully foamed material can be used in combination with the annular high-elastic bag to effectively block the borehole. The present invention innovatively proposes a method for adaptively sealing a borehole and its surrounding cracks. By reliably blocking the borehole and its surrounding cracks, it effectively solves the problem of poor sealing and unsatisfactory pressure-bearing effect of the borehole and its surrounding cracks, significantly improves the underground work efficiency, ensures the safety of the operation, and has a wide range of promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional assembly diagram of the borehole and surrounding fracture adaptive high-efficiency sealing system of the present invention in the borehole;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section assembly of the borehole and surrounding crack adaptive high-efficiency sealing system of the present invention in the borehole;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling plugging device in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the extraction pipeline, the flower tube, the support thin plate and the shock-sensitive film in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the flower tube, the positioning assembly and the annular high-elastic bag in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crack plugging device in the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1. Valve 1, 2. Extraction pipeline, 3. A / B material mixing unit, 3-1. High-frequency vibration motor, 3-2. Output shaft, 3-3. Limiting ring, 3-4. Hard elastic rubber block, 3-5. A material inlet, 3-6. Inner limiting ring hoop, 3-7. Outer limiting ring hoop, 3-8. B material inlet, 3-9. Flower tube, 3-10. Flower tube auxiliary pipe, 3-11. Front end plate, 3-12. Rear end plate, 3-13. Plug A, 3-14. Plug B, 3-15. Annular limiting groove, 3-16. A material cavity, 3-17. B material cavity, 3-18. Limiting steel wire, 4. Gas injection unit, 4-1. Gas storage tank, 4-2. Valve 2, 4-3. Gas heater, 4-4. Booster pump , 4-5, pressure gauge, 4-6, valve three, 4-7, hopper, 4-8, material heater, 4-9, valve four, 4-10, air supply pipeline one, 4-11, air supply pipeline two, 5, spiral conveying unit, 5-1, rotating shaft, 5-2, nozzle, 5-3, flexible rubber sleeve, 5-4, hoop, 5-5, discharge port B, 5-6, sleeve, 5-7, feeding cylinder, 5-8, feeding drive motor, 5-9, spiral blade, 5-10, feeding pipeline, 5-11, air intake pipeline, 5-12, discharge mechanism, 6, target coal seam, 7, annular high-elastic bag, 8, drilling, 9, crack, 10, shock-sensitive film, 11, film, 12, outlet A, 13, support sheet, 14, leakage area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will be further described below.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a self-adaptive and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding fissures, including a borehole sealing device and a fissure sealing device, wherein the borehole sealing device is an A / B material mixing unit 3; the fissure sealing device is composed of a spiral conveying unit 5 and a gas injection and material injection unit 4;

[0050] The A / B material mixing unit 3 includes a flower tube 3-9, a flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10, a high-frequency vibration motor 3-1, an extraction pipeline 2, a support thin plate 13, a shock-sensitive film 10, a positioning component and an annular high-elastic bag 7; the two ends of the flower tube 3-9 are respectively fixedly encapsulated with a front end plate 3-11 and a rear end plate 3-12, and the head end of the flower tube 3-9 is relatively opened on the tube body with an A material inlet 3-5 and a B material inlet 3-8 connected to its inner cavity, and a plug A3-13 and a plug B3-14 are encapsulated in the A material inlet 3-5 and the B material inlet 3-8; the flower tube 3-9 is arranged in the central area of ​​the borehole 8, its head end is exposed outside the borehole 8, and its tail end is located in the sealing section of the borehole 8, and a plurality of groups of discharge ports A are sequentially arranged along the length direction. , each group of discharge ports A is composed of multiple outlets A12 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each outlet A12 is blocked by a sealing film 11; two flower tube auxiliary tubes 3-10 are arranged side by side on the outside of the head end of the flower tube 3-9, and their ends are relatively fixedly connected to the outer surface of the front end plate 3-11; multiple pairs of limit rings 3-3 are fixedly connected at intervals in the inner cavity of the flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10, and an annular limit space is formed between each pair of limit rings 3-3; two high-frequency vibration motors 3-1 are arranged side by side on the outside of the head ends of the two flower tube auxiliary tubes 3-10; the output shaft 3-2 of the high-frequency vibration motor 3-1 is penetrated at the center of multiple pairs of limit rings 3-3, and is located at the axis of the flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10, and the output shaft 3-2 is fixedly connected to the corresponding multiple rings A partial fixed set of the shaped limiting space is equipped with a plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks 3-4, and each pair of limiting rings 3-3 axially limits one of the hard elastic rubber blocks 3-4 therein, thereby effectively ensuring that the output shaft 3-2 can always stay away from the flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10 during the vibration process; the extraction pipeline 2 is arranged at the axis center of the flower tube 3-9, and its first and second ends respectively pass through the center of the front end plate 3-11 and the center of the rear end plate 3-12 to the outside of the two ends of the flower tube 3-9, and the extraction pipeline 2 is sealed and connected with the front end plate 3-11 and the rear end plate 3-12; two supporting thin plates 13 are arranged inside the flower tube 3-9, and are relatively distributed on both sides of the extraction pipeline 2, and the two supporting thin plates 13 are connected between the extraction pipeline 2 and the flower tube 3-9 In the area between, and the two supporting thin plates 13 are each provided with a leakage hole area 14; the two sections of shock-sensitive films 10 are respectively connected to the leakage hole areas 14 on the two supporting thin plates 13, and cooperate with the two supporting thin plates 13 to isolate the inner cavity of the flower tube 3-9 into an A material cavity 3-16 and a B material cavity 3-17, wherein the A material cavity 3-16 is connected to the A material inlet 3-5, and the B material cavity 3-17 is connected to the B material inlet 3-8; multiple groups of positioning components correspond to multiple groups of discharge ports A one by one; the positioning components are composed of a pair of inner limiting hoops 3-6, a pair of outer limiting hoops 3-7 and a pair of limiting steel wires 3-18, and the pair of inner limiting hoops 3-6 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the flower tube 3-9 and distributed on the opposite sides of a group of discharge ports A;A pair of outer limiting ring hoops 3-7 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the flower tube 3-9 and are distributed on the outside of a pair of inner limiting ring hoops 3-6; the height of the inner limiting ring hoop 3-6 in the same group of positioning components is lower than the height of the outer limiting ring hoop 3-7, and an annular limiting groove 3-15 is formed between the inner limiting ring hoop 3-6 and the outer limiting ring hoop 3-7; a pair of limiting steel wires 3-18 are respectively wound in the two annular limiting grooves 3-15; multiple annular high-elasticity bags 7 and multiple groups of discharge ports A corresponds to each other one by one, and is sleeved on the outside of the flower tube 3-9 at intervals along the length direction, and each annular high-elastic bag 7 has an annular opening on the inner ring side; the two opening ends of the annular high-elastic bag 7 are respectively located on both sides of the multiple outlets A12 in the same group, and are respectively embedded in two annular limiting grooves 3-15 in the same group of positioning components, and are limited and clamped on the outer surface of the flower tube 3-9 by a pair of limiting steel wires 3-18; the A / B material mixing unit 3 is used to seal the drill hole 8;

[0051] The spiral conveying unit 5 includes a feeding cylinder 5-7, a rotating shaft 5-1, a feeding drive motor 5-8 and a discharging mechanism 5-12; both ends of the feeding cylinder 5-7 are closed, and the upper part of the head end of the cylinder is connected to a feeding pipeline 5-10 connected to its inner cavity, and the lower part of the head end is connected to an air intake pipeline 5-11 connected to its inner cavity; the rotating shaft 5-1 is rotatably installed at the axis center of the feeding cylinder 5-7, and its head end can be rotatably passed through the head end of the feeding cylinder 5-7, and the part of the rotating shaft 5-1 inside the feeding cylinder 5-7 is fixedly connected with a continuously extending spiral blade 5-9 along the length direction; the feeding drive motor 5-8 is arranged on the outer side of the head end of the feeding cylinder 5-7, and its output shaft is connected to the head end of the rotating shaft 5-1. As a preferred embodiment, the output shaft of the feeding drive motor 5-8 can be connected to the head end of the rotating shaft 5-1 through a coupling. Connection; multiple discharging mechanisms 5-12 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the length direction on the same side of the end of the feeding cylinder 5-7, and the discharging mechanism 5-12 includes a nozzle 5-2, a sleeve 5-6, a flexible rubber sleeve 5-3 and a hoop 5-4. The nozzle 5-2 is radially arranged, and its feed end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding cylinder 5-7, and is connected to the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder 5-7 through a discharge port B5-5 opened on the feeding cylinder 5-7. The sleeve 5-6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the nozzle 5-2, and its inner end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding cylinder 5-7. The flexible rubber sleeve 5-3 is cylindrical, and its inner end is sleeved on the outside of the outer end of the sleeve 5-6. The hoop 5-4 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the junction of the flexible rubber sleeve 5-3 and the sleeve 5-6, and is used to fix the flexible rubber sleeve 5-3 to the outer end of the sleeve 5-6;

[0052] The gas injection and material injection unit 4 includes a material heater 4-8, a hopper 4-7, a valve three 4-6, a gas storage tank 4-1, a gas heater 4-3, a valve two 4-2, a booster pump 4-4, a valve four 4-9 and a pressure gauge 4-5; the gas storage tank 4-1 stores supercritical gas; the material heater 4-8 is arranged above the feeding cylinder 5-7, and its discharge port is connected to the feeding end of the feeding pipeline 5-10, and its feeding port is connected to the hopper 4-7; the valve three 4-6 is connected in series to the feeding pipeline 5-10 The inlet end of the gas heater 4-3 is connected to the outlet of the gas tank 4-1 through the gas supply pipeline 1 4-10, the valve 2 4-2 is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline 1 4-10, the inlet of the booster pump 4-4 is connected to the outlet end of the gas heater 4-3 through the gas supply pipeline 2 4-11, and its outlet is connected to the inlet end of the inlet pipeline 5-11; the valve 4-9 and the pressure gauge 4-5 are connected in series to the inlet pipeline 5-11 in sequence, wherein the pressure gauge 4-5 is located on the upstream side of the valve 4-9;

[0053] A plurality of crack plugging devices are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outside of the flower tube 3-9, wherein each feeding cylinder 5-7 is arranged in the borehole 8 close to the hole wall, and the end of each feeding cylinder 5-7 is located in the sealing section of the borehole 8, and the head end of each feeding cylinder 5-7 is exposed on the outside of the borehole 8; the plurality of crack plugging devices are used to perform sealing operations on the cracks 9 in the loose circle around the borehole 8.

[0054] In order to prevent the upper end of the outer limiting ring hoop from wearing the inflated annular high-elastic bag, the upper end of the outer limiting ring hoop 3-7 has an arc chamfer along the inner side.

[0055] In order to facilitate the on-off control of the extraction pipeline, a valve 1 is connected in series to the head end of the extraction pipeline 2.

[0056] In order to ensure the injection effect and the injection efficiency at the same time, two discharging mechanisms 5 - 12 are provided on each spiral conveying unit 5 .

[0057] In the present invention, the extraction pipeline is arranged through the axis of the flower tube, and two symmetrically arranged support thin plates are used to connect the area between the extraction pipeline and the flower tube, and then two sections of shock-sensitive films are used to cover the leakage area of ​​the two support thin plates, and the inner cavity of the flower tube can be isolated into the A material cavity and the B material cavity by using the support thin plates and the shock-sensitive films. Two flower tube auxiliary tubes are fixedly connected side by side on the outside of the front end plate of the flower tube, and the output shafts of the two high-frequency vibration motors are respectively inserted into the inside of the flower tube auxiliary tubes. At the same time, multiple pairs of limiting rings inside the flower tube auxiliary tubes are used to axially limit and fix multiple hard elastic rubber blocks on the output shafts, so that the two high-frequency vibration motors can be used to cause the front end plate, the extraction pipeline and the two support thin plates to generate high-frequency vibration, and then the shock-sensitive film connected to the leakage area can be ruptured by using high-frequency vibration, which is easy to achieve the mixing operation of the materials in the A material cavity and the B material cavity, and is conducive to the rapid foaming process of the A material and the B material. The sealing film is used to seal the outlet A, which can not only effectively ensure the airtightness of the material cavity during the loading stage, but also facilitate the foamed mixed material to quickly break the sealing film at the outlet A during the mixing and foaming stage, so that it can quickly enter the annular high-elastic bag and expand the annular high-elastic bag, and further achieve effective sealing of the drill hole. The high-elastic bag is fixed on the outer wall of the flower tube by using the inner limiting ring hoop and the outer limiting ring hoop in conjunction with the limiting steel wire, which simplifies the connection method and has excellent pressure bearing capacity. In addition, when the filled material fully expands the annular high-elastic bag, the two open ends of the annular high-elastic bag are embedded in the annular limiting groove between the inner and outer limiting ring hoops, so that the two open ends of the annular high-elastic bag can be more closely fitted with the inner limiting ring hoop and the outer limiting ring hoop, effectively ensuring that the annular high-elastic bag and the wall of the flower tube can have good airtightness, and can be used for sealing operations under different working conditions. By sequentially arranging a plurality of annular high-elasticity bags on the outside of the flower tube, the plugging effect of the drill hole can be further improved. A feed pipeline is provided at the head end of the feeding cylinder, and the feed pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the material heater, so that the material heater can be used to preheat the material, thereby facilitating the addition of the molten material into the head end of the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder.An air inlet pipeline is provided at the head end of the feeding cylinder, and valve 4, a pressure gauge, a booster pump, a gas heater and a gas storage tank are sequentially arranged on the upstream side of the air inlet pipeline, so that the supercritical gas can be heated and pressurized in sequence, and the pressure gauge can be used to observe the pressure condition on the air inlet pipeline in real time, so that valve 4 can be opened after the pressure meets the preset pressure value, ensuring that the supercritical gas injected into the head end of the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder can reach the set temperature and pressure range; by arranging a rotating shaft with spiral blades in the feeding cylinder, and using a feeding drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, not only can the spiral blades be used to fully mix the molten material and the supercritical gas after heating and pressurization, but also the mixed material can be quickly transported to the discharge end; A plurality of discharge mechanisms are arranged on the same side of the end, and the nozzles in the discharge mechanisms are connected with the inner cavity of the feeding barrel through a discharge port A provided on the feeding barrel, so that the mixed material delivered to the end of the feeding barrel can be efficiently injected into the cracks by the nozzle, which is beneficial to form a sealing body with good elasticity in the cracks by using the micro-foaming technology, thereby effectively sealing the cracks around the borehole; by arranging a sleeve on the outside of the nozzle, the nozzle can be effectively protected; a flexible rubber sleeve is mounted on the outer end of the sleeve, and when the discharge mechanism extends into the crack, the sealing performance of the crack injection process can be improved by the contact between the flexible rubber sleeve and the wall of the borehole, thereby significantly improving the injection pressure of the injected material, effectively improving the filling depth of the crack, and greatly improving the sealing effect of the crack. The fissure plugging device in the system can facilitate the effective sealing of fissures around the borehole, and the borehole plugging device in the system can effectively seal the borehole. Therefore, the system can achieve efficient sealing of the borehole and the pores around it, and the sealing effect is ideal, which can meet the operating requirements under high-pressure operating environments.

[0058] The present invention also provides a method for self-adapting and efficiently sealing a borehole and its surrounding cracks, which uses a self-adapting and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding cracks, and comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Construction drilling 8;

[0060] constructing a plurality of boreholes 8 in a target coal seam 6;

[0061] Step 2: Assemble and install the crack sealing device;

[0062] S21: Install the hopper 4-7 at the feed port of the material heater 4-8, and connect the discharge port of the material heater 4-8 to the feed end of the feed pipeline 5-10; connect the gas outlet of the gas storage tank 4-1 to the inlet end of the gas heater 4-3 by using the gas supply pipeline 1 4-10, connect the outlet end of the gas heater 4-3 to the gas inlet of the booster pump 4-4 by using the gas supply pipeline 2 4-11, and then connect the gas outlet of the booster pump 4-4 to the gas inlet end of the gas inlet pipeline 5-11, and assemble to form a crack plugging device;

[0063] S22: multiple crack plugging devices are evenly arranged around the inner wall of the borehole 8 along the circumferential direction, and each feeding cylinder 5-7 is set in the borehole 8 close to the hole wall, and at the same time, it is ensured that the end of each feeding cylinder 5-7 is located in the sealing section of the borehole 8, the head end of each feeding cylinder 5-7 is exposed outside the opening of the borehole 8, and each discharging mechanism 5-12 is extended into the crack 9 around the borehole 8;

[0064] Step 3: sealing the cracks 9 around the borehole 8;

[0065] S31: Start the feeding drive motor 5-8, and use the feeding drive motor 5-8 to drive the rotating shaft 5-1 to rotate;

[0066] Open valve two 4-2, gas heater 4-3 and booster pump 4-4, use gas heater 4-3 to heat the supercritical gas output from gas storage tank 4-1, and use booster pump 4-4 to boost the heated supercritical gas. At the same time, use a pressure gauge to observe the pressure on the air intake pipe 5-11 in real time. When the pressure reaches the preset pressure range, open valve four 4-9, and input the heated and pressurized supercritical gas into the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder 5-7 through the air intake pipe 5-11; synchronously, open material heater 4-8, and add material into hopper 4-7, use material heater 4-8 to heat the material, and open valve three 4-6 when the temperature reaches the preset temperature range, and transport the molten material formed after heating to the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder 5-7 through feeding pipe 5-10;

[0067] In this process, the molten material and the supercritical gas are fully mixed by the high-speed rotating spiral blade 5-9 and transported to each discharging mechanism 5-12, and then the mixed material is sprayed into the crack 9 around the borehole 8 through the nozzle 5-2. After the plugging operation of the operation area is completed, the feeding drive motor 5-8, the valve 2 4-2, the gas heater 4-3, the booster pump 4-4, the material heater 4-8, the valve 3 4-6 and the valve 4 4-9 are closed;

[0068] S32: After all the cracks 9 in the current operation area have been injected with the mixed material, and the mixed material injected into the cracks 9 has foamed, expanded, and solidified, the corresponding feeding cylinder 5-7 is retreated toward the orifice of the drill hole 8 by a set distance, and S31 is repeated after reaching the next operation area;

[0069] S33: S31 and S32 are repeatedly executed multiple times until the crack sealing operation of the entire sealing area of ​​the borehole 8 is completed, and then the crack sealing device is removed;

[0070] Step 4: Assemble and install the drilling plugging device;

[0071] S41: inserting the extraction pipeline 2 into the axis of the flower tube 3-9;

[0072] S42: First, use two sections of shock-sensitive films 10 to respectively block the leakage areas 14 on the two supporting thin plates 13, and then respectively connect the two sections of the area between the extraction pipeline 2 and the flower tube 3-9, so as to isolate the inner cavity of the flower tube 3-9 into the A material cavity 3-16 connected to the A material inlet 3-5 and the B material cavity 3-17 connected to the B material inlet 3-8, and then respectively seal the front end plate 3-11 and the rear end plate 3-12 at the two ends of the flower tube 3-9, and make the extraction pipeline 2 pass through the center of the front end plate 3-11 and the rear end plate 3-12 to the outside of the two ends of the flower tube 3-9;

[0073] S43: First, a plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks 3-4 are installed on the output shaft 3-2 of the high-frequency vibration motor 3-1 at intervals, and then inserted into the corresponding flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10, and the plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks 3-4 are axially limited and fixed by using a plurality of pairs of limiting rings 3-3 installed in the flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10;

[0074] S44: Assemble multiple groups of positioning components corresponding to multiple groups of discharge ports A; fix a pair of inner limiting ring hoops 3-6 on the outside of the flower tube 3-9 and distribute them on the opposite sides of a group of discharge ports A; fix a pair of outer limiting ring hoops 3-7 on the outside of the flower tube 3-9 and distribute them on the outside of the pair of inner limiting ring hoops 3-6; use the inner limiting ring hoops 3-6 and the outer limiting ring hoops 3-7 in the same group of positioning components to form an annular limiting groove 3-15;

[0075] S45: Assemble multiple annular high-elasticity bags 7 corresponding to multiple groups of positioning components; make the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bags 7 respectively located on both sides of multiple outlets A12 in the same group, and respectively embedded in two annular limiting grooves 3-15 in the same group of positioning components, and use a pair of limiting steel wires 3-18 to limit the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bags 7 in the two annular limiting grooves 3-15;

[0076] S46: inserting the assembled borehole plugging device into the borehole 8, and positioning the plurality of annular high-elasticity bags 7 in the sealing section of the borehole 8;

[0077] Step 5: Carry out the plugging operation of the drilling hole;

[0078] S51: Load material A and material B into the material A inlet 3-5 and the material B inlet 3-8 respectively. After loading, plug A3-13 and plug B3-14 are used to block the material A inlet 3-5 and the material B inlet 3-8 respectively.

[0079] S52: Start two high-frequency vibration motors 3-1, use the axial limiting effect of multiple hard elastic rubber blocks 3-4 and multiple pairs of limiting rings 3-3 to further amplify the vibration amplitude, and transmit the high-frequency vibration to the front end plate 3-11 through the flower tube auxiliary tube 3-10, further drive the extraction pipeline 2 and the two supporting thin plates 13 to vibrate at high frequency, and use the continuous high-frequency vibration effect to break the shock-sensitive film 10, so that the A material and the B material are mixed with each other through the leakage hole area 14, and use the high-frequency vibration effect to promote the mixing of the two more uniformly. After the A material and the B material are mixed and expanded, they burst the sealing film 11 encapsulated at the outlet A12 and enter the annular high-elastic bag 7. After further expansion, the annular high-elastic bag 7 is inflated and the gap between the flower tube 3-9 and the borehole 8 is blocked;

[0080] S53: After the A and B mixed materials are solidified, the two high-frequency vibration motors 3-1 are turned off, and the two high-frequency vibration motors 3-1 are separated from the two flower tube auxiliary tubes 3-10;

[0081] Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the sealing operation of all the boreholes 8 in the target coal seam 6 area is completed.

[0082] As a preference, the material in step S31 of step three is cross-linked polyethylene particles.

[0083] In the present invention, firstly, the molten material produced in the gas injection unit is uniformly mixed with the supercritical gas in the screw conveying unit and injected into the surrounding rock fissures by using the micro-foaming technology. By adjusting the changes in temperature and pressure, the mixed material is foamed, expanded, and solidified in the fissures to achieve the effect of effectively blocking the fissures, which significantly improves the sealing of the borehole. The sealing body formed in the micro-cracks around the borehole using the micro-foaming technology has good elasticity, so that it can always fit closely with the wall of the crack, effectively solving the problem of poor sealing of the borehole caused by the shrinkage of the coal matrix caused by continuous gas extraction, and providing a reliable guarantee for long-term safe and efficient gas extraction in underground coal mines. Then, by placing an A / B material mixing unit with a shock-sensitive film into the borehole, after adding the A and B materials, the shock-sensitive film can be easily broken by high-frequency vibration, and then the "mixing and foaming" integration of the foaming material in the borehole can be easily realized, so that the fully foamed material can enter and cause the annular high-elastic bag to swell, and then the fully foamed material can be used in combination with the annular high-elastic bag to effectively block the borehole. The present invention innovatively proposes a method for adaptively sealing a borehole and its surrounding cracks. By reliably blocking the borehole and its surrounding cracks, it effectively solves the problem of poor sealing and unsatisfactory pressure-bearing effect of the borehole and its surrounding cracks, significantly improves the underground work efficiency, ensures the safety of the operation, and has a wide range of promotion and application value.

Claims

1. An adaptive and efficient hole sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding fissures, comprising a borehole sealing device and a fissure sealing device, characterized in that: The borehole plugging device is an A / B material mixing unit (3); the fissure plugging device is composed of a screw conveying unit (5) and a gas injection and material injection unit (4); The A / B material mixing unit (3) comprises a flower tube (3-9), a flower tube auxiliary tube (3-10), a high-frequency vibration motor (3-1), an extraction pipeline (2), a support thin plate (13), a shock-sensitive film (10), a positioning assembly and an annular high-elastic bag (7); the two ends of the flower tube (3-9) are respectively fixedly encapsulated with a front end plate (3-11) and a rear end plate (3-12); the head end of the flower tube (3-9) is provided with an A material inlet (3-5) and a B material inlet (3-8) which are in communication with the inner cavity thereof, and a plug A (3-13) and a plug B (3-14) are encapsulated in the A material inlet (3-5) and the B material inlet (3-8); the flower tube (3-9) is arranged in the central area of ​​the borehole (8), and its head The end is exposed outside the borehole (8), and its end is located in the sealing section of the borehole (8), and multiple groups of discharge ports A are arranged in sequence along the length direction, each group of discharge ports A is composed of multiple outlets A (12) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each outlet A (12) is blocked by a sealing film (11); two flower tube auxiliary tubes (3-10) are arranged side by side on the outside of the head end of the flower tube (3-9), and their ends are relatively fixedly connected to the outer surface of the front end plate (3-11); multiple pairs of limiting rings (3-3) are fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the flower tube auxiliary tube (3-10) at intervals, and an annular limiting space is formed between each pair of limiting rings (3-3); two high-frequency vibration motors (3-1) are arranged side by side on the two flower tubes. The output shaft (3-2) of the high-frequency vibration motor (3-1) is arranged at the center of multiple pairs of limiting rings (3-3) and is located at the axis of the flower tube auxiliary tube (3-10), and the output shaft (3-2) is fixedly sleeved with multiple hard elastic rubber blocks (3-4) in the corresponding parts of the multiple annular limiting spaces; the extraction pipeline (2) is arranged at the axis of the flower tube (3-9), and its first and second ends respectively pass through the center of the front end plate (3-11) and the center of the rear end plate (3-12) to the outside of the two ends of the flower tube (3-9), and the extraction pipeline (2) is sealed and connected to the front end plate (3-11) and the rear end plate (3-12); two support thin plates (13) are arranged on the flower tube (3 -9), and are relatively distributed on both sides of the extraction pipeline (2); two support thin plates (13) are connected in the area between the extraction pipeline (2) and the flower tube (3-9), and the two support thin plates (13) are both provided with leakage hole areas (14); two sections of shock-sensitive films (10) are respectively connected to the leakage hole areas (14) on the two support thin plates (13), and cooperate with the two support thin plates (13) to isolate the inner cavity of the flower tube (3-9) into an A material cavity (3-16) and a B material cavity (3-17), wherein the A material cavity (3-16) is connected to the A material inlet (3-5), and the B material cavity (3-17) is connected to the B material inlet (3-8); multiple groups of positioning components correspond to multiple groups of discharge ports A one by one;The positioning assembly is composed of a pair of inner limiting ring hoops (3-6), a pair of outer limiting ring hoops (3-7) and a pair of limiting steel wires (3-18); the pair of inner limiting ring hoops (3-6) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the flower tube (3-9) and are distributed on two opposite sides of a group of discharge ports A; the pair of outer limiting ring hoops (3-7) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the flower tube (3-9) and are distributed on the outside of the pair of inner limiting ring hoops (3-6); the height of the inner limiting ring hoops (3-6) in the same group of positioning assemblies is lower than the height of the outer limiting ring hoops (3-7), and an annular limiting groove (3-15) is formed between the inner limiting ring hoops (3-6) and the outer limiting ring hoops (3-7); a A pair of limiting steel wires (3-18) are respectively wound in two annular limiting grooves (3-15); a plurality of annular high-elasticity bags (7) correspond to a plurality of groups of discharge ports A one by one, and are sleeved on the outside of the flower tube (3-9) at intervals along the length direction, and each annular high-elasticity bag (7) has an annular opening on the inner ring side; the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bag (7) are respectively located on both sides of a plurality of outlets A (12) in the same group, and are respectively embedded in two annular limiting grooves (3-15) in the same group of positioning components, and are limitedly clamped on the outer surface of the flower tube (3-9) by a pair of limiting steel wires (3-18); the A / B material mixing unit (3) is used to perform a plugging operation on the drill hole (8); The spiral conveying unit (5) comprises a feeding cylinder (5-7), a rotating shaft (5-1), a feeding drive motor (5-8) and a discharging mechanism (5-12); both ends of the feeding cylinder (5-7) are closed, the upper part of the head end of the cylinder is connected to a feeding pipeline (5-10) communicating with its inner cavity, and the lower part of the head end is connected to an air intake pipeline (5-11) communicating with its inner cavity; the rotating shaft (5-1) is rotatably mounted at the axis of the feeding cylinder (5-7), and its head end is rotatably passed through the head end of the feeding cylinder (5-7), and the part of the rotating shaft (5-1) inside the feeding cylinder (5-7) is fixedly connected to a continuously extending spiral blade (5-9) along the length direction; the feeding drive motor (5-8) is arranged on the outer side of the head end of the feeding cylinder (5-7), and its output shaft is connected to the head end of the rotating shaft (5-1); a plurality of discharging mechanisms (5-12) are provided. -12) are arranged at intervals in sequence along the length direction on the same side of the end of the feeding cylinder (5-7), the discharging mechanism (5-12) comprises a nozzle (5-2), a sleeve (5-6), a flexible rubber sleeve (5-3) and a hoop (5-4), the nozzle (5-2) is arranged radially, and its feeding end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding cylinder (5-7), and is connected to the inner cavity of the feeding cylinder (5-7) through a discharge port B (5-5) provided on the feeding cylinder (5-7), the sleeve (5-6) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the nozzle (5-2), and its inner end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding cylinder (5-7), the flexible rubber sleeve (5-3) is cylindrical, and its inner end is sleeved on the outside of the outer end of the sleeve (5-6), and the hoop (5-4) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the junction between the flexible rubber sleeve (5-3) and the sleeve (5-6); The gas injection and material injection unit (4) comprises a material heater (4-8), a hopper (4-7), a valve three (4-6), a gas storage tank (4-1), a gas heater (4-3), a valve two (4-2), a booster pump (4-4), a valve four (4-9) and a pressure gauge (4-5); the material heater (4-8) is arranged above the feeding barrel (5-7), and its discharge port is connected to the feeding end of the feeding pipeline (5-10), and its feeding port is connected to the hopper (4-7); the valve three (4-6) is connected in series to the feeding pipeline ( 5-10); the inlet end of the gas heater (4-3) is connected to the outlet of the gas storage tank (4-1) through the gas supply pipeline (4-10); the valve (4-2) is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline (4-10); the inlet of the booster pump (4-4) is connected to the outlet end of the gas heater (4-3) through the gas supply pipeline (4-11); the gas outlet is connected to the inlet end of the gas inlet pipeline (5-11); the valve (4-9) and the pressure gauge (4-5) are connected in series to the gas inlet pipeline (5-11) in sequence; A plurality of crack plugging devices are evenly distributed on the outside of the flower tube (3-9) along the circumferential direction, wherein each feeding cylinder (5-7) is arranged in the borehole (8) in close contact with the hole wall, and the end of each feeding cylinder (5-7) is located in the sealing section of the borehole (8), and the head end of each feeding cylinder (5-7) is exposed on the outside of the borehole (8) opening; the plurality of crack plugging devices are used to perform a plugging operation on the cracks (9) in the loose circle around the borehole (8).

2. The self-adaptive and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the outer limiting ring hoop (3-7) has an arc chamfer along the inner side.

3. A self-adaptive and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding cracks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The head end of the extraction pipeline (2) is connected in series with a valve 1 (1).

4. The self-adaptive and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding cracks according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each spiral conveying unit (5) is provided with two discharging mechanisms (5-12).

5. A method for self-adapting and efficiently sealing a borehole and its surrounding cracks, using a self-adapting and efficient sealing system for a borehole and its surrounding cracks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Construction drilling (8); constructing a plurality of boreholes (8) in the target coal seam (6); Step 2: Assemble and install the crack sealing device; S21: installing a hopper (4-7) at the feed port of the material heater (4-8), and connecting the discharge port of the material heater (4-8) to the feed end of the feed pipeline (5-10); connecting the gas outlet of the gas storage tank (4-1) to the inlet end of the gas heater (4-3) by using the gas supply pipeline 1 (4-10), connecting the outlet end of the gas heater (4-3) to the gas inlet of the booster pump (4-4) by using the gas supply pipeline 2 (4-11), and then connecting the gas outlet of the booster pump (4-4) to the gas inlet end of the gas inlet pipeline (5-11), and assembling to form a crack plugging device; S22: multiple crack plugging devices are evenly arranged around the inner wall of the borehole (8) along the circumferential direction, and each feeding cylinder (5-7) is set in the borehole (8) close to the hole wall, and at the same time, it is ensured that the end of each feeding cylinder (5-7) is located in the sealing section of the borehole (8), the head end of each feeding cylinder (5-7) is exposed outside the opening of the borehole (8), and each discharging mechanism (5-12) extends into the crack (9) around the borehole (8); Step 3: sealing the cracks (9) around the borehole (8); S31: starting the feeding drive motor (5-8), and using the feeding drive motor (5-8) to drive the rotating shaft (5-1) to rotate; Open valve 2 (4-2), gas heater (4-3) and booster pump (4-4), heat supercritical gas output from gas storage tank (4-1) by gas heater (4-3), and booster pump (4-4), and at the same time, observe the pressure on intake pipe (5-11) in real time by pressure gauge (4-5), and open valve 4 (4-9) when the pressure reaches a preset pressure range, and input the heated and pressurized supercritical gas into the inner cavity of feeding cylinder (5-7) through intake pipe (5-11); synchronously, open material heater (4-8), add material into hopper (4-7), and heat material by material heater (4-8), and open valve 3 (4-6) when the temperature reaches a preset temperature range, and transport the molten material formed after heating into the inner cavity of feeding cylinder (5-7) through feeding pipe (5-10); In the process, the molten material and the supercritical gas are fully mixed by a high-speed rotating spiral blade (5-9), and transported to each discharging mechanism (5-12), and then the mixed material is sprayed into the crack (9) around the borehole (8) through the nozzle (5-2). After the plugging operation of the operation area is completed, the feeding drive motor (5-8), valve 2 (4-2), gas heater (4-3), booster pump (4-4), material heater (4-8), valve 3 (4-6) and valve 4 (4-9) are closed; S32: After all the cracks (9) in the current operation area have been injected with the mixed material, and the mixed material injected into the cracks (9) has foamed, expanded, and solidified, the corresponding feeding cylinder (5-7) is retreated a set distance toward the orifice of the drill hole (8), and S31 is repeated after reaching the next operation area; S33: S31 and S32 are repeatedly executed multiple times until the crack sealing operation of the entire sealing area of ​​the borehole (8) is completed, and then the crack sealing device is removed; Step 4: Assemble and install the drilling plugging device; S41: inserting the extraction pipeline (2) into the axis of the flower tube (3-9); S42: First, two sections of shock-sensitive films (10) are used to seal the leakage areas (14) on the two supporting thin plates (13), and then the two supporting thin plates (13) are respectively connected to the two sections of the area between the extraction pipeline (2) and the flower tube (3-9), so as to isolate the inner cavity of the flower tube (3-9) into an A material cavity (3-16) connected to the A material inlet (3-5) and a B material cavity (3-17) connected to the B material inlet (3-8), and then the front end plate (3-11) and the rear end plate (3-12) are respectively sealed at the two ends of the flower tube (3-9), and the extraction pipeline (2) is passed through the center of the front end plate (3-11) and the rear end plate (3-12) to the outside of the two ends of the flower tube (3-9); S43: First, a plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks (3-4) are installed on the output shaft (3-2) of the high-frequency vibration motor (3-1) at intervals, and then inserted into the corresponding flower tube auxiliary tube (3-10), and the plurality of hard elastic rubber blocks (3-4) are respectively fixed in the axial direction by using a plurality of pairs of limiting rings (3-3) installed in the flower tube auxiliary tube (3-10); S44: assembling multiple groups of positioning components corresponding to multiple groups of discharge ports A; fixing a pair of inner limiting ring hoops (3-6) on the outside of the flower tube (3-9) and distributing them on two opposite sides of a group of discharge ports A; fixing a pair of outer limiting ring hoops (3-7) on the outside of the flower tube (3-9) and distributing them on the outside of the pair of inner limiting ring hoops (3-6); and using the inner limiting ring hoops (3-6) and the outer limiting ring hoops (3-7) in the same group of positioning components to form an annular limiting groove (3-15); S45: assembling a plurality of annular high-elasticity bags (7) corresponding to a plurality of positioning components; making the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bags (7) respectively located on both sides of a plurality of outlets A (12) in the same group, and respectively embedded in two annular limiting grooves (3-15) in the same group of positioning components, and using a pair of limiting steel wires (3-18) to limit and tighten the two opening ends of the annular high-elasticity bags (7) in the two annular limiting grooves (3-15); S46: extending the assembled borehole plugging device into the borehole (8), and positioning the plurality of annular high-elasticity bags (7) in the plugging section of the borehole (8); Step 5: Carry out the plugging operation of the drilling hole; S51: Loading material A and material B into the material A inlet (3-5) and material B inlet (3-8) respectively, and after loading, using plug A (3-13) and plug B (3-14) to block the material A inlet (3-5) and material B inlet (3-8) respectively; S52: start two high-frequency vibration motors (3-1), use the axial limiting effect of multiple hard elastic rubber blocks (3-4) and multiple pairs of limiting rings (3-3) to further amplify the vibration amplitude, and transmit the high-frequency vibration to the front end plate (3-11) through the flower tube auxiliary tube (3-10), further drive the extraction pipeline (2) and the two supporting thin plates (13) to perform high-frequency vibration, and use the continuous high-frequency vibration effect to break the shock-sensitive film (10), so that the A material and the B material are mixed with each other through the leakage hole area (14), and use the high-frequency vibration effect to promote the mixing of the two more uniformly, and the A material and the B material are mixed and expanded, and then the sealing film (11) encapsulated at the outlet A (12) is broken, and enter the annular high-elastic bag (7), and after further expansion, the annular high-elastic bag (7) is inflated and the pore between the flower tube (3-9) and the borehole (8) is blocked; S53: After the A and B mixed materials are solidified, the two high-frequency vibration motors (3-1) are turned off, and the two high-frequency vibration motors (3-1) are separated from the two flower tube auxiliary tubes (3-10); Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the sealing operation of all the boreholes (8) in the target coal seam (6) area is completed.

6. A method for self-adaptive and efficient sealing of a borehole and its surrounding cracks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material in step 3 S31 is cross-linked polyethylene particles.

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