An aluminum reference crystal abradable seal coating, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides an aluminum benchmark crystal abradable seal coating, a preparation method and application thereof, and comprises the following steps: A) performing laser ablation square lattice texturing treatment on the surface of a resin matrix composite material to obtain a pretreated resin matrix; B) preparing an aluminum benchmark crystal coating on the surface of the pretreated resin matrix by an explosive spraying method, wherein the mass percentage of the quasicrystal phase in Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystal powder is 90-98%; and C) preparing an AlSi-graphite abradable seal surface layer on the surface of the aluminum benchmark crystal coating by the explosive spraying method, wherein the AlSi-graphite abradable seal surface layer is prepared from mixed powder of Al, Si and graphite. The Al-Cu-Fe-Sc benchmark crystal flame-retardant thermal insulation intermediate layer has a low thermal conductivity coefficient, and the thermal insulation efficiency reaches 40-50% under an environment of less than 800 DEG C. The application has great significance for improving the thermal protection life of the resin matrix composite material coating and widening the application of the composite material in parts under a higher temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coating technology for thermal protection of resin-based composite material surfaces, and particularly relates to an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Advanced resin-based composite materials (PMCs) possess a range of advantages, including high specific strength and stiffness, and strong design flexibility, leading to their widespread application in cold-end components of aero-engines, such as stator blades, containment casings, nacelles, and thrust reversers. However, as engine thrust-to-weight ratios increase and temperatures rise, the application of resin-based composites in hot-end components becomes limited (polyimide resin-based composites have a temperature resistance of approximately 350°C). Furthermore, the limited temperature resistance of resin-based adhesives makes developing resin-based composites with higher temperature resistance technically challenging. To ensure the reliable and widespread application of resin-based composites in advanced aero-engines, preparing thermally protective coatings on the composite surface offers greater adaptability and cost-effectiveness.

[0003] There are three main challenges to applying composite coatings for aero-engines: First, how to reduce thermal damage to the resin matrix during the application of the base coat while simultaneously improving the interfacial bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. Second, the intermediate heat insulation layer needs to have a higher insulation efficiency and be lighter in weight. Third, high-speed rotating blades are prone to rubbing against the inner wall of the casing; how to improve the adhesion and lubrication of the wear-resistant sealing layer to prevent wear damage to the blade tips is crucial.

[0004] Significant progress has been made abroad in applying high-temperature resistant coatings to resin-based composite materials. For example, carbon fiber and polyimide have a heat resistance temperature of around 300℃, but by adding a zirconium oxide coating to their outer surface, they can be used at temperatures of 500℃ or even higher. The NiCr coating achieved an ablation resistance temperature of 650℃ for 5 minutes. A YSZ (Y₂O₃-stabilized ZrO₂) coating was deposited on a composite substrate using plasma spraying technology as a heat-insulating and ablation-resistant surface layer. A low-melting-point Zn transition layer was sprayed between the resin substrate and the surface layer. The YSZ / NiCoCrAlY / Zn gradient coating was tested and found to have a water-cooled thermal shock cycle life of 11 cycles after holding at 400℃ for 15 minutes. After thermal shock, it was found that the Zn transition layer surface easily oxidized to ZnO at 400℃, and the volume expansion caused cracking between the surface layer and the substrate. The NiCoCrAlY surface was smooth, dense, and uniform, while the Zn coating surface was rough, and the YSZ surface layer exhibited microcracks. There are many pores at the interface between the NiCoCrAlY transition layer and the substrate. This is because the NiCoCrAlY sprayed particles (melting point ≈1300℃) cause significant thermal damage to the resin matrix.

[0005] Therefore, preparing a heat-protective coating on the surface of a resin composite matrix that has high bonding strength, causes little thermal damage to the resin matrix, and is not easily peeled off at high temperatures is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, its preparation method and application. The heat-protective coating prepared by the preparation method of this invention has low thermal damage to the resin matrix, high bonding strength and is not easy to peel off at high temperatures.

[0007] This invention provides a method for preparing a wearable sealing coating for aluminum reference crystals, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A) Laser ablation of square dot matrix texturing was performed on the surface of the resin-based composite material to obtain a pretreated resin matrix;

[0009] B) An aluminum reference crystal coating was prepared on the surface of a pretreated resin matrix by explosive spraying of Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline powder;

[0010] The mass percentage of the quasicrystalline phase in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is 90~98%;

[0011] C) An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer was prepared on the surface of an aluminum reference crystal coating by explosive spraying of mixed powders of Al, Si and graphite to obtain an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating.

[0012] In the mixed powder of Al, Si and graphite, the mass ratio of Al, Si and graphite is (5~7):(22~45):(50~71), and the particle size of the mixed powder is 8-180μm.

[0013] Preferably, the laser ablation power is 15~50KW, the ablation point depth is 5~10μm, the spacing of the square dot matrix is ​​5~7mm, and the ablation angle is 15°~90°.

[0014] Preferably, after laser ablation, the ablated surface is cleaned with water jet. The nozzle inner diameter of the water jet is 5 mm, the pressure is 0.1~0.2 MPa, the spray gun moving speed is 0.05~0.1 m / s, and the spray gun distance is 40~70 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the water jet cleaning is followed by drying, and the drying temperature is 80~120℃.

[0016] Preferably, the molar ratio of Al, Cu, Fe and Sc in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is (62~63):(24~26):(11~13):(0.1~0.3).

[0017] Preferably, the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is obtained by heat-treating Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder raw material with a quasicrystalline phase mass percentage of 80-85% at 750-850°C for 1-3 hours.

[0018] Preferably, the explosive spraying process in step B) is as follows: gun fill ratio of 33%~56%, spraying distance of 150~210mm, and frequency of 1~4 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 30-50s, and the coating deposition temperature on the sample surface is monitored at 170~200℃ during the spraying process. The thickness of the underlayer is 0.1-0.15mm, and the quasi-crystalline phase content of the coating is 75~90%.

[0019] Preferably, the explosive spraying process in step C) is as follows: the gun filling ratio is 22%~30%, the spraying distance is 140~170mm, and the frequency is 1~4 sprays per second. The interval between each spraying layer is 10~15s, and the thickness of the sprayed surface layer is 0.9~1.1mm.

[0020] This invention provides a wearable sealing coating for aluminum reference crystals, which is prepared according to the preparation method described above.

[0021] This invention provides the application of the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating as described above as a thermal protective coating on the surface of a resin-based composite material with a thin-walled structure.

[0022] This invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, comprising the following steps: A) performing laser ablation square lattice texturing treatment on the surface of a resin-based composite material to obtain a pretreated resin matrix; B) preparing an aluminum reference crystal coating on the surface of the pretreated resin matrix using an explosive spraying method with Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder; wherein the mass percentage of the quasicrystalline phase in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is 90-98%; C) preparing an AlSi-graphite wearable sealing surface layer on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating using an explosive spraying method with a mixed powder of Al, Si, and graphite; wherein the mass ratio of Al, Si, and graphite in the mixed powder is (5-7):(22-45):(50-71), and the particle size of the mixed powder is 8-180 μm. Compared with the commonly used YSZ coating, the thermal conductivity is (1.8 W·m). -1 ·K -1 The Al-Cu-Fe-Sc reference crystal flame-retardant and heat-insulating interlayer has a low thermal conductivity (1.66 W·m). -1 ·K -1The thermal insulation efficiency reaches 40-50% at temperatures below 800℃. It can solve the thermal protection needs of composite materials. The surface laser ablation texturing treatment improves the coating bonding strength, and the explosive spraying technology reduces the thermal damage to the resin matrix. It is of great significance for improving the thermal protection life of resin-based composite material coatings and expanding the application of composite materials in components at higher temperatures. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention provides a method for preparing a wearable sealing coating for aluminum reference crystals, comprising the following steps:

[0024] A) Laser ablation of square dot matrix texturing was performed on the surface of the resin-based composite material to obtain a pretreated resin matrix;

[0025] B) An aluminum reference crystal coating was prepared on the surface of a pretreated resin matrix by explosive spraying of Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline powder;

[0026] The mass percentage of the quasicrystalline phase in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is 90~98%;

[0027] C) An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer was prepared on the surface of an aluminum reference crystal coating by explosive spraying of mixed powders of Al, Si and graphite.

[0028] In the mixed powder of Al, Si and graphite, the mass ratio of Al, Si and graphite is (5~7):(22~45):(50~71), and the particle size of the mixed powder is 8-180μm.

[0029] In this invention, the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating is used for thermal protection of resin-based composite material surfaces, especially those with thin-walled structures. Resin-based composite materials, compared to traditional metal matrices, suffer from low coefficients of thermal expansion, poor ductility and toughness, and sensitivity to heat input, making it difficult to apply traditional NiAl or MCrAlY underlayers to their surfaces. This invention reduces thermal damage to the resin matrix surface during preparation and improves bonding strength through improvements in coating type and preparation method.

[0030] This invention first employs laser ablation to perform square dot matrix texturing on the surface of resin-based composite materials, which improves the bonding strength of the coating while avoiding cracking of the thin-walled resin matrix.

[0031] In this invention, the power of the laser ablation is preferably 15~50KW, more preferably 20~45KW, such as 15 KW, 20 KW, 25 KW, 30 KW, 35 KW, 40 KW, 45 KW, 50 KW. KW is preferably a range of values ​​with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the ablation point depth is preferably 5~10μm, more preferably 6~8μm, such as 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, preferably a range of values ​​with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the spacing of the square dot matrix is ​​preferably 5~7mm, more preferably 5~6mm; the ablation angle is preferably 15°~90°, more preferably 20~80°, such as 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, preferably a range of values ​​with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0032] After laser ablation, the ablated surface is cleaned with water jet. The nozzle inner diameter of the water jet is 5 mm, the pressure is preferably 0.1~0.2 MPa, and the spray gun moving speed is preferably 0.05~0.1 m / s, more preferably 0.06~0.08 m / s, such as 0.05 m / s, 0.06 m / s, 0.047 m / s, 0.08 m / s, 0.09 m / s, 0.1 m / s, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit. The spray gun distance is preferably 40~70 mm, more preferably 50~60 mm.

[0033] After cleaning, the present invention dries the cleaned surface to obtain a pretreated resin matrix. The drying is preferably performed using hot air drying, with a dryer nozzle inner diameter of 20 mm. The temperature is preferably 80~120℃, more preferably 90~100℃, such as 80℃, 85℃, 90℃, 95℃, 100℃, 105℃, 110℃, 115℃, 120℃, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the air velocity is preferably 40~70 m / s, more preferably 50~60 m / s, such as 40 m / s, 45 m / s, 50 m / s, 55 m / s, 60 m / s, 65 m / s, 70 m / s, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the drying efficiency is preferably 15~30 min / m. 2 More preferably 20~25 min / m 2 .

[0034] After obtaining the pretreated resin matrix, the present invention prepares an aluminum reference crystal coating on the surface of the pretreated resin matrix, preferably using Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline powder as the spraying powder and preparing the aluminum reference crystal coating by explosive spraying method.

[0035] In this invention, the preferred molar ratio of Al, Cu, Fe, and Sc in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is (62~63):(24~26):(11~13):(0.1~0.3), more preferably 62.8:25:12:.02, i.e., Al... 62.8 Cu 25 Fe 12 Sc 0.2 Quasicrystalline powder; the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder contains I-Al 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage is 90-98%, preferably 93-96%. In the embodiments of the present invention, I-Al 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The mass percentage of the quasicrystalline phase is 95.2%.

[0036] This invention preferably uses Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder raw materials (quasicrystalline phase I-Al). 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder (I-Al) used in the preparation of the aluminum reference crystal coating of this invention is obtained by heat treatment of 80-85% by mass. 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 (The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage is 90~98%). This invention precisely optimizes the material ratio of AlCuFe quasicrystalline and designs a heat treatment method to increase the quasicrystalline phase content of the quasicrystalline powder, thereby improving the thermal insulation and mechanical properties of the coating, protecting the heat-sensitive resin matrix from burn-off during coating preparation and service, and preventing a significant reduction in the quasicrystalline phase content in the coating compared to the raw material powder due to rapid melting and solidification of the powder in a short time during thermal spraying. Using the heat-treated aluminum reference crystal coating of this invention as the bonding underlayer, its expansion characteristics match the resin matrix better, which can prevent the coating from peeling off in high-temperature operating environments.

[0037] In this invention, the quasicrystalline phase I-Al 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder raw material with a mass percentage of 80-85% was prepared by high-pressure water atomization under a hydrogen reducing atmosphere. This method is a commonly used preparation method in the field, and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In this invention, the heat treatment temperature is preferably 750~850℃, more preferably 780~820℃, such as 750℃, 760℃, 770℃, 780℃, 790℃, 800℃, 810℃, 820℃, 830℃, 840℃, 850℃, preferably a range of values ​​with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the heat treatment time is preferably 1~3 hours, more preferably 1~2 hours.

[0039] In this invention, the explosive thermal spraying method can reduce thermal damage to the resin matrix. The explosive thermal spraying process for the aluminum reference crystal coating is as follows: the gun filling ratio is preferably 33%~56%, more preferably 40%~50%, such as 33%, 35%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 45%, 48%, 50%, 55%, 56%, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the spraying distance is preferably 150~210mm, more preferably 180~200mm, such as 150mm, 160mm, 170mm, 180mm, 190mm, 200mm, 210mm, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the frequency is preferably 1~4 guns per second, more preferably 2~3 guns per second. The interval between each spraying layer is preferably 30-50 seconds, more preferably 35-45 seconds, such as 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, 45 seconds, and 50 seconds, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit. The coating deposition temperature on the sample surface during the spraying process is monitored to be 170-200°C, preferably 180-190°C, such as 170°C, 175°C, 180°C, 185°C, 190°C, 195°C, and 200°C, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit. The spraying thickness is preferably 0.1-0.15 mm, more preferably 0.12-0.13 mm; the quasi-crystalline phase content of the coating is 75-90%.

[0040] After obtaining the aluminum reference crystal coating, the present invention uses a mixed powder of Al, Si and graphite as the spraying powder and uses an explosive spraying method to prepare an AlSi-graphite wearable sealing surface layer on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating, thereby obtaining an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating.

[0041] In this invention, the mass ratio of Al, Si and graphite in the mixed powder is preferably (5~7):(22~45):(50~71). Specifically, in the embodiments of this invention, it can be 7:22:71, 6:24:70, or 5:45:50. The particle size of the mixed powder is preferably 8~180μm, and more preferably 20~150μm.

[0042] In this invention, the explosive spraying process for the AlSi-graphite abrasive sealing layer is as follows: the gun filling ratio is preferably 22%~30%, more preferably 25~28%, such as 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, preferably within the range of any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit; the spraying distance is preferably 140~170mm, more preferably 150~160mm, and the frequency is 1~4 sprays. The interval time between each sprayed layer is preferably 10~15s, more preferably 12~13s; the thickness of the sprayed layer is preferably 0.9~1.1mm, more preferably 0.9~1.0mm.

[0043] The present invention also provides an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, which is prepared according to the preparation method described above.

[0044] The thickness of the aluminum reference crystal coating is preferably 0.1~0.15mm, more preferably 0.12~0.13mm; the thickness of the AlSi-graphite wearable sealing surface layer is preferably 0.9~1.1mm, more preferably 0.9~1.0mm.

[0045] The present invention also provides an application of the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating described above as a thermal protective coating on the surface of a resin-based composite material with a thin-walled structure.

[0046] In this invention, the thickness of the thin-walled structure is preferably 3 to 5 mm.

[0047] This invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, comprising the following steps: A) performing laser ablation square lattice texturing treatment on the surface of a resin-based composite material to obtain a pretreated resin matrix; B) preparing an aluminum reference crystal coating on the surface of the pretreated resin matrix using an explosive spraying method with Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder; wherein the mass percentage of the quasicrystalline phase in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is 90-98%; C) preparing an AlSi-graphite wearable sealing surface layer on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating using an explosive spraying method with a mixed powder of Al, Si, and graphite; wherein the mass ratio of Al, Si, and graphite in the mixed powder is (5-7):(22-45):(50-71), and the particle size of the mixed powder is 8-180 μm. Compared with the commonly used YSZ coating, the thermal conductivity is (1.8 W·m). -1 ·K -1 The Al-Cu-Fe-Sc reference crystal flame-retardant and heat-insulating interlayer has a low thermal conductivity (1.66 W·m). -1 ·K -1The thermal insulation efficiency reaches 40-50% at temperatures below 800℃. It can solve the thermal protection needs of composite materials. The surface laser ablation texturing treatment improves the coating bonding strength, and the explosive spraying technology reduces the thermal damage to the resin matrix. It is of great significance for improving the thermal protection life of resin-based composite material coatings and expanding the application of composite materials in components at higher temperatures.

[0048] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, describes an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, its preparation method, and its application, but this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Step 1: The surface of the resin-based composite material was subjected to laser ablation with a square dot matrix texture. The total power was 30KW, with a 50% power ratio for ablation. The ablation depth was 5μm, the spacing of the square dots was 5mm, and the ablation angle was 15°. After ablation, the substrate surface was cleaned with water jet. The nozzle inner diameter was 5mm, the pressure was 0.1MPa, the spray gun moving speed was 0.05 m / s, and the spray gun distance was 40mm. Subsequently, a hot air dryer was used for drying. The dryer nozzle inner diameter was 20mm, the temperature was 80℃, the air velocity was 40m / s, and the drying efficiency was 15 min / m. 2 .

[0051] Step 2: An aluminum reference crystal coating is prepared as the base layer on the surface of the composite material after the treatment described in Step 1 by explosive spraying.

[0052] The spraying material is Al prepared by high-pressure water atomization under a hydrogen reducing atmosphere. 62.8 Cu 25 Fe 12 Sc 0.2 Quasicrystalline powder, I-Al in the powder 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage was 83%. After heat treatment at 800℃ for 2 hours, I-Al 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage is 95.2%.

[0053] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 33%, spraying distance of 150 mm, and frequency of 1 spray per second. The interval between each spray layer is 30 seconds, and the coating deposition temperature on the sample surface is monitored at 170°C. The thickness of the undercoat is 0.1 mm, and the quasi-crystalline phase content of the coating is 75%.

[0054] Step 3: An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer is prepared on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating layer prepared in Step 2 using explosive spraying technology.

[0055] The mass percentage of Al, Si and graphite in the spraying material is 5:45:50, and the particle size is 45~150μm.

[0056] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 22%, spraying distance of 140mm, and frequency of 1 spray per second. The interval between each spray layer is 10s, and the thickness of the sprayed surface layer is 0.9mm.

[0057] According to GB / T 8642 "Determination of Tensile Strength of Thermal Spray Coating" and AETF486A "Test Method for Thermal Shock of Coatings by Flame", the bonding strength of the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating with Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline layer prepared by explosive spraying in this embodiment is 11 MPa, and no peeling occurred after 20 min of thermal shock at 600℃.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Step 1: The surface of the resin-based composite material was subjected to laser ablation with a square dot matrix texture. The total power was 40KW, with a power ratio of 70% for ablation. The ablation depth was 8μm, the spacing of the square dots was 6mm, and the ablation angle was 50°. After ablation, the substrate surface was cleaned with water jet. The nozzle inner diameter was 5mm, the pressure was 0.15MPa, the spray gun moving speed was 0.08m / s, and the spray gun distance was 60mm. Subsequently, it was dried using a hot air dryer. The dryer nozzle inner diameter was 20mm, the temperature was 100℃, the air velocity was 60m / s, and the drying efficiency was 20 min / m. 2 .

[0060] Step 2: An aluminum reference crystal coating is prepared as the base layer on the surface of the composite material after the treatment described in Step 1 by explosive spraying.

[0061] The spraying material is Al prepared by high-pressure water atomization under a hydrogen reducing atmosphere. 62.8 Cu 25 Fe 12 Sc 0.2 Quasicrystalline powder, I-Al in the powder 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage was 83%. After heat treatment at 800℃ for 2 hours, I-Al 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage is 95.2%.

[0062] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 47%, spraying distance of 170 mm, and a frequency of 3 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 40 seconds, and the coating deposition temperature on the sample surface is monitored at 180°C. The thickness of the undercoat is 0.12 mm, and the quasi-crystalline phase content of the coating is 85.7%.

[0063] Step 3: An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer is prepared on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating layer prepared in Step 2 using explosive spraying technology.

[0064] The mass percentages of Al, Si, and graphite in the spraying material are 6:24:70, and the particle size is 45~150μm.

[0065] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 25%, spraying distance of 160mm, and frequency of 3 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 13s, and the thickness of the sprayed surface layer is 1.0mm.

[0066] According to GB / T 8642 "Determination of Tensile Strength of Thermal Spray Coatings" and AETF486A "Test Method for Thermal Shock of Coatings by Flame", the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating with Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline layer prepared by explosive spraying in this embodiment has a bonding strength of 8 MPa and did not peel off after 20 minutes of thermal shock at 600°C.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Step 1: The surface of the resin-based composite material was subjected to laser ablation with a square dot matrix textured finish. The total power was 50 kW, with 100% power ratio ablation. The ablation depth was 10 μm, the spacing of the square dots was 7 mm, and the ablation angle was 90°. After ablation, the substrate surface was cleaned with a water jet. The nozzle inner diameter was 5 mm, the pressure was 0.2 MPa, the spray gun moving speed was 0.1 m / s, and the spray gun distance was 70 mm. Subsequently, a hot air dryer was used for drying. The dryer nozzle inner diameter was 20 mm, the temperature was 120℃, the air velocity was 70 m / s, and the drying efficiency was 30 min / m. 2 .

[0069] Step 2: An aluminum reference crystal coating is prepared as the base layer on the surface of the composite material after the treatment described in Step 1 by explosive spraying.

[0070] The spraying material is Al prepared by high-pressure water atomization under a hydrogen reducing atmosphere. 62.8 Cu 25 Fe 12 Sc 0.2 Quasicrystalline powder, I-Al in the powder 65 Cu 20 Fe 15The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage was 83%. After heat treatment at 800℃ for 2 hours, I-Al 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase mass percentage is 95.2%.

[0071] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 56%, spraying distance of 210 mm, and a frequency of 4 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 50 seconds, and the coating deposition temperature on the sample surface is monitored at 200°C. The thickness of the undercoat is 0.15 mm, and the quasi-crystalline phase content of the coating is 90%.

[0072] Step 3: An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer is prepared on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating layer prepared in Step 2 using explosive spraying technology.

[0073] The mass percentages of Al, Si, and graphite in the spraying material are 7:22:71, and the particle size is 8-180 μm.

[0074] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 30%, spraying distance of 170mm, and frequency of 4 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 15s, and the thickness of the sprayed surface layer is 1.1mm.

[0075] According to GB / T 8642 "Determination of Tensile Strength of Thermal Spray Coatings" and AETF486A "Test Method for Thermal Shock of Coatings by Flame", the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating with Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline layer prepared by explosive spraying in this embodiment has a bonding strength of 10MPa and did not peel off after 20 minutes of thermal shock at 600℃.

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] Step 1: Sandblasting treatment of resin-based composite material surface. White corundum sand is selected, the sandblasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand particle size is 200 mesh, and the sandblasting distance is 0.2m. After sandblasting the entire surface of the substrate, the surface is cleaned with compressed air. Some resin substrates cracked. The uncracked resin-based composite material is selected for later use.

[0078] Step 2: Prepare a NiAl underlayer by plasma spraying on the surface of the composite material after the treatment described in Step 1.

[0079] The spraying material used was commercial Ni5Al powder prepared by water atomization. The plasma spraying process parameters were: current 400A, argon flow rate 30 NLPM, hydrogen flow rate 6 NLPM, and spraying distance 150mm. The deposition temperature of the coating on the sample surface was monitored at 240℃ during the spraying process. The thickness of the sprayed underlayer was 0.1mm, and ablation marks appeared on some of the resin-based composite surfaces.

[0080] Step 3: On the surface of the Ni5Al substrate prepared in Step 2, an AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer is prepared by plasma spraying technology.

[0081] The mass percentage of Al, Si and graphite in the spraying material is 5:45:50, and the particle size is 8-180μm.

[0082] The parameters for the explosive spraying process are as follows: current 420A, argon flow rate 32 NLPM, hydrogen flow rate 4 NLPM, spraying distance 120mm, and spray coating thickness 0.9mm.

[0083] According to GB / T 8642 "Determination of Tensile Strength of Thermally Sprayed Coatings" and AETF486A "Test Method for Thermal Shock of Coatings by Flame", the wear-resistant sealant coating with Ni5Al underlayer aluminum reference crystals prepared by plasma spraying had a bonding strength of 5 MPa. After 5 minutes of thermal shock at 600℃, the coating showed large-area peeling.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] Step 1: The surface of the resin-based composite material was subjected to laser ablation with a square dot matrix texture. The total power was 40KW, with a power ratio of 70% for ablation. The ablation depth was 8μm, the spacing of the square dots was 6mm, and the ablation angle was 50°. After ablation, the substrate surface was cleaned with water jet. The nozzle inner diameter was 5mm, the pressure was 0.15MPa, the spray gun moving speed was 0.08m / s, and the spray gun distance was 60mm. Subsequently, it was dried using a hot air dryer. The dryer nozzle inner diameter was 20mm, the temperature was 100℃, the air velocity was 60m / s, and the drying efficiency was 20 min / m. 2 .

[0086] Step 2: An aluminum reference crystal coating is prepared as the base layer on the surface of the composite material after the treatment described in Step 1 by explosive spraying.

[0087] The spraying material is Al prepared by high-pressure water atomization under a hydrogen reducing atmosphere. 62.8 Cu 25 Fe 12 Sc 0.2 Quasicrystalline powder, I-Al in the powder 65 Cu 20 Fe 15 The quasicrystalline phase has a mass percentage of 85% and does not undergo heat treatment.

[0088] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 47%, spraying distance of 170 mm, and a frequency of 3 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 40 seconds, and the coating deposition temperature on the sample surface is monitored at 180°C. The thickness of the undercoat is 0.12 mm, and the quasi-crystalline phase content of the coating is 74.5%.

[0089] Step 3: An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer is prepared on the surface of the aluminum reference crystal coating layer prepared in Step 2 using explosive spraying technology.

[0090] The mass percentages of Al, Si, and graphite in the spraying material are 6:24:70, and the particle size is 45~150μm.

[0091] The explosive spraying process parameters are as follows: gun filling ratio of 25%, spraying distance of 160mm, and frequency of 3 sprays per second. The interval between each spray layer is 13s, and the thickness of the sprayed surface layer is 1.0mm.

[0092] According to GB / T 8642 "Determination of Tensile Strength of Thermal Spray Coating" and AETF486A "Test Method for Thermal Shock of Coatings by Flame", the bonding strength of the aluminum reference crystal wear-resistant sealing coating with Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline layer prepared by explosive spraying in this embodiment is 6MPa. After 11 minutes of thermal shock at 600℃, the coating showed large-area peeling.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wearable sealing coating for an aluminum reference crystal, comprising the following steps: A) Laser ablation of square dot matrix texturing was performed on the surface of the resin-based composite material to obtain a pretreated resin matrix; B) An aluminum reference crystal coating was prepared on the surface of a pretreated resin matrix by explosive spraying of Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasi-crystalline powder; The molar ratio of Al, Cu, Fe and Sc in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is (62~63):(24~26):(11~13):(0.1~0.3). The Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is obtained by heat-treating Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder raw material with a quasicrystalline phase mass percentage of 80-85% at 750-850°C for 1-3 hours, wherein the mass percentage of the quasicrystalline phase in the Al-Cu-Fe-Sc quasicrystalline powder is 90-98%. C) An AlSi-graphite wearable sealing layer was prepared on the surface of an aluminum reference crystal coating by explosive spraying of mixed powders of Al, Si and graphite to obtain an aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating. In the mixed powder of Al, Si and graphite, the mass ratio of Al, Si and graphite is (5~7):(22~45):(50~71), and the particle size of the mixed powder is 8-180μm.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser ablation power is 15~50KW, the ablation point depth is 5~10μm, the spacing of the square dot matrix is ​​5~7mm, and the ablation angle is 15°~90°.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After laser ablation, the ablated surface is cleaned with water jet. The nozzle inner diameter of the water jet is 5 mm, the pressure is 0.1~0.2 MPa, the spray gun moving speed is 0.05~0.1 m / s, and the spray gun distance is 40~70 mm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water jet cleaning is followed by drying, and the drying temperature is 80~120℃.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosive spraying process in step B) is as follows: the gun filling ratio is 33%~56%, the spraying distance is 150~210mm, and the frequency is 1~4 sprays per second; the interval between each spraying layer is 30-50s, and the coating deposition temperature on the sample surface is monitored to be 170~200℃ during the spraying process; the thickness of the sprayed underlayer is 0.1-0.15mm, and the quasicrystalline phase content of the coating is 75~90%.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosive spraying process in step C) is as follows: the gun filling ratio is 22%~30%, the spraying distance is 140~170mm, the frequency is 1~4 guns per second; the interval between each spraying layer is 10~15s, and the thickness of the sprayed surface layer is 0.9~1.1mm.

7. An aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating, prepared according to the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The application of the aluminum reference crystal wearable sealing coating as described in claim 7 as a thermal protective coating on the surface of a resin-based composite material with a thin-walled structure.