A method for screening backbone parents of high-generation production populations of Chinese fir
By integrating microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and offspring growth trait information, the backbone parents of the high-generation production group of fir are screened out, and the problems of decreased growth gain of offspring and uncertain seed quality improvement in fir high-generation breeding are solved. Improve the accuracy of screening and breeding efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410615159.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-05-17
AI Technical Summary
In the process of high-generation genetic improvement of fir, with the improvement of breeding generations, the growth gain of offspring increases from generation to generation, but the increase between generations has decreased significantly, and the degree of seed quality improvement may not necessarily increase with the increase of seed gardens.
Using a method that integrates microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and offspring growth trait information, each fir parent in the designated fir third-generation seed garden was screened to screen out the backbone parents.
It improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the screening of backbone parentals in the high-generation production group of fir, and can better consider the genetic background, reproductive characteristics and growth performance to select varieties with better comprehensive performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN118556601B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of screening Chinese fir parents, and in particular to a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir. Background Art
[0002] Chinese fir is an important afforestation and economic tree species in my country. The evaluation of test materials is an important part of forest genetic improvement. The genetic improvement of Chinese fir began in the 1950s, and important progress has been made in the selection of excellent seed sources and the breeding of asexual lines. Focusing on the high-generation genetic improvement of Chinese fir, research has been carried out in a progressive manner on the establishment of high-generation seed gardens of Chinese fir, genetic diversity of breeding populations, and evaluation of progeny tests. At present, the third generation of genetic improvement of Chinese fir seed gardens has been completed.
[0003] As the breeding generations increase, the growth gain of the offspring increases from generation to generation, but the increase between generations decreases significantly. The seed quality of the seed orchard is further improved with the seed orchard generations, but the degree of improvement in seed quality does not necessarily increase accordingly, and the seed quality of the double-line seed orchard composed of excellent asexual lines is better than that of the generation seed orchard.
[0004] Therefore, in order to select parents with better quality, a method for selecting backbone parents for high-generation production groups of Chinese fir is urgently needed. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:
[0007] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir, comprising:
[0008] S1. Preprocessing each Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden to obtain microsatellite data corresponding to each Chinese fir parent;
[0009] Wherein, the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden includes a plurality of Chinese fir parents;
[0010] Each Chinese fir parent includes a clone;
[0011] S2. for each Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden, respectively collecting reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0012] S3, obtaining growth trait information of the offspring corresponding to each Chinese fir parent according to the offspring test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden;
[0013] S4. Based on the microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and growth trait information of offspring corresponding to each parent in the designated third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir, the backbone parents are selected.
[0014] Preferably, the pretreatment is PCR amplification and detection processing.
[0015] Preferably, S2 includes:
[0016] S21, selecting b plants of Chinese fir from any Chinese fir parent in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden as first standard trees, and observing and collecting data on the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the female-male ratio, the type of cones, and fruit-bearing traits of each first standard tree by using a fixed plant observation method, and performing average processing on the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the female-male ratio, and the fruit-bearing trait data of the first standard tree selected from the Chinese fir parent, respectively, to obtain the average number of female flowers, the average number of male flowers, the average female-male ratio, and the average fruit-bearing trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0017] The fruiting trait data include: cone longitudinal diameter, cone transverse diameter, cone aspect ratio, number of mother tree branches, cone quantity per plant, seed quantity per plant, and 100-seed weight;
[0018] S22, selecting c Chinese fir trees from any Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden as second standard trees, selecting 50 seeds from seeds grown from each second standard tree, and performing seed germination determination on the seeds corresponding to the Chinese fir parent to obtain the seed germination rate and seed germination potential corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0019] Among them, the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent include: the average number of female flowers, the average number of male flowers, the average female-to-male ratio, the average fruiting trait data, the seed germination rate, the seed germination potential and the most numerous cone type corresponding to the Chinese fir parent.
[0020] Preferably,
[0021] Among them, the progeny test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir is: the seeds grown from each Chinese fir parent asexual line are used for seedling cultivation, one-year-old seedlings are used, and a balanced incomplete block design is adopted to divide the forest into 10 blocks, 4 Chinese fir seedlings are planted in each block, and the forest is planted according to a row spacing of 2m×2m.
[0022] Preferably, S3 includes:
[0023] For the progeny test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden, the growth trait data corresponding to each Chinese fir parent progeny are observed when the progeny is 10 years old;
[0024] The growth trait data corresponding to the offspring of the Chinese fir parent include: the average breast diameter and the average tree height measured when the offspring of the Chinese fir parent grow for 10 years.
[0025] Preferably, the S4 specifically includes:
[0026] S41. Screening out excellent growth families based on the growth trait data of the offspring corresponding to each parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden;
[0027] Among them, the superior growth family refers to the Chinese fir parent whose average breast diameter is greater than the average growth trait data corresponding to all Chinese fir parent progeny in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden;
[0028] S42. Based on the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, select the reproductively superior clones;
[0029] S43. Obtain a phylogenetic tree based on the microsatellite data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0030] S44. Based on the phylogenetic tree and the selected superior growth families and superior reproductive clones, backbone parents are selected.
[0031] Preferably, the S42 includes:
[0032] Based on the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, K-means clustering was performed on the reproductive trait data of the asexual lines of the Chinese fir parents in the designated third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir in R language to obtain two types of Chinese fir parents, and the Chinese fir parent with larger reproductive trait data among the two types of Chinese fir parents was taken as the asexual line with excellent reproductive quality.
[0033] Preferably, the S43 includes:
[0034] S431. Based on the microsatellite data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, obtain the genetic distance between any Chinese fir parent and each Chinese fir parent in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden;
[0035] S432. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on all genetic distances.
[0036] Preferably, the S44 includes:
[0037] S441, dividing the phylogenetic tree into a plurality of sublineages;
[0038] S442, in each subline, selecting a Chinese fir parent meeting the first preset condition, and using the Chinese fir parent as the backbone parent;
[0039] Among them, the first preset condition is: the Chinese fir parent belongs to both a family with excellent growth and an asexual line with excellent reproduction.
[0040] Preferably, 10≥a≥5; a≥b; a≥c.
[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the backbone parent screening method of the high-generation production population of Chinese fir of the present invention integrates microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and growth trait information of offspring, and compared with the prior art, it comprehensively considers multiple factors such as genetic background, reproductive characteristics and growth performance, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of screening.
[0042] The method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir of the present invention is carried out in each step for each Chinese fir parent in a designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden. From preprocessing microsatellite data to reproductive trait data to growth trait information of offspring, each parent is processed in a targeted manner, thereby being able to better ensure the targetedness and accuracy of the results.
[0043] The present invention provides a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir. By using pre-collected microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and offspring growth trait information, a large amount of experiments and measurements can be avoided during the screening process, thus saving time and cost.
[0044] The invention provides a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir. Through preprocessing and analysis of microsatellite data, the genetic background of each Chinese fir parent can be better understood, thereby better selecting a parent combination suitable for mating and promoting the genetic evolution effect of the population. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0045] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir according to the present invention;
[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-lines of Chinese fir parents in the third-generation seed garden in Fujian Province in the embodiment of the present invention;
[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the correlation of reproductive traits of parent clones of the third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir in Fujian Province in the embodiment of the present invention;
[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the optimal K value for cluster analysis of reproductive traits of parent clones in the third-generation seed orchard of Chinese fir in Fujian Province in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0050] In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
[0051] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir, comprising:
[0052] S1. Preprocessing each Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden to obtain microsatellite data corresponding to each Chinese fir parent;
[0053] Wherein, the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden includes a plurality of Chinese fir parents;
[0054] Each Chinese fir parent includes a clone;
[0055] In this embodiment, the pretreatment is PCR amplification and detection processing.
[0056] S2. for each Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden, respectively collecting reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0057] S3, obtaining growth trait information of the offspring corresponding to each Chinese fir parent according to the offspring test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden;
[0058] S4. Based on the microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and growth trait information of offspring corresponding to each parent in the designated third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir, the backbone parents are selected.
[0059] The method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir in this embodiment integrates microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and growth trait information of offspring. Compared with the existing technology, it comprehensively considers multiple factors such as genetic background, reproductive characteristics and growth performance, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of screening.
[0060] In practical applications, S2 includes:
[0061] S21, selecting b plants of Chinese fir from any Chinese fir parent in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden as first standard trees, and observing and collecting data on the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the female-male ratio, the type of cones, and fruit-bearing traits of each first standard tree by using a fixed plant observation method, and performing average processing on the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the female-male ratio, and the fruit-bearing trait data of the first standard tree selected from the Chinese fir parent, respectively, to obtain the average number of female flowers, the average number of male flowers, the average female-male ratio, and the average fruit-bearing trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0062] The fruiting trait data include: cone longitudinal diameter, cone transverse diameter, cone aspect ratio, number of mother tree branches, cone quantity per plant, seed quantity per plant, and 100-seed weight;
[0063] In this embodiment, the third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province, China is used as an example to designate the third-generation seed orchard of Chinese fir. The third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province, China was established in 2010. The third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province has 70 Chinese fir parents.
[0064] In the third generation seed garden of Fujian Province, the fixed plant observation method was used to select 4 medium-growing Chinese fir trees from each of the 70 Chinese fir parents as the first standard trees. At the end of the flowering period of the first standard trees, a rack was built to observe the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the ratio of males to females, the type of cones, and the fruiting trait data of each tree.
[0065] S22, selecting c Chinese fir trees from any Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden as second standard trees, selecting 50 seeds from seeds grown from each second standard tree, and performing seed germination determination on the seeds corresponding to the Chinese fir parent to obtain the seed germination rate and seed germination potential corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0066] In this embodiment, the seed germination determination process specifically includes: for each Chinese fir parent, c Chinese fir plants are selected as the second standard wood, and 50 seeds with the same fullness are selected from the seeds grown by each second standard wood, and then sterilized with 0.5% KMnO4 solution for 30 minutes, and rinsed with distilled water. The culture dish and filter paper are sterilized, a layer of moistened cotton wool is laid flat on the bottom of the culture dish, 2 layers of filter paper are laid flat on the cotton wool, and the above-mentioned sterilized seeds are laid flat on the filter paper. The germination determination process of the Chinese fir seeds in this embodiment is carried out in an artificial climate incubator, and the parameters of the artificial climate incubator are set as: light 12h, dark 12h, temperature 26°C, and humidity 70%. Observe once a day, and use a watering can regularly to ensure humidity.
[0067] Seed germination rate (%) = number of germinated seeds / total number of test seeds × 100;
[0068] Seed germination potential (%) = number of seeds germinated within a specified number of days / total number of test seeds × 100 (the percentage of seeds germinated during the first 1 / 3 of the test period to the total number of test seeds is used as the standard).
[0069] In this embodiment, a certain number of Chinese fir trees are selected from each Chinese fir parent as the second standard wood, and seeds with the same fullness are selected from these standard woods for processing, thereby ensuring the standardization and comparability of the experiment, thereby improving the credibility and accuracy of the experimental results. Using 0.5% KMnO4 solution to disinfect seeds can effectively kill microorganisms on the surface of seeds, reduce the influence of exogenous pollution on the experimental results, and ensure the purity and accuracy of the experiment. In this embodiment, the culture dish and filter paper are sterilized, which can effectively kill possible bacteria and fungi, reduce the influence of the culture environment on seed growth, and ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment. Experiments are carried out in an artificial climate incubator, which can accurately control environmental parameters such as light, temperature and humidity, provide good growth conditions for seed germination, facilitate observation and recording of seed germination, and ensure the reliability of the experimental results. In addition, the germination of seeds is observed once a day, and a watering can is used regularly to maintain humidity, which ensures the healthy growth of seeds during the culture process, timely discovers and handles any abnormal conditions, and ensures the smooth progress of the experiment and the accuracy of the results.
[0070] Among them, the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent include: the average number of female flowers, the average number of male flowers, the average female-to-male ratio, the average fruiting trait data, the seed germination rate, the seed germination potential and the most numerous cone type corresponding to the Chinese fir parent.
[0071] Specifically, the progeny test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden in this embodiment is: the seeds grown from each Chinese fir parent asexual line are used for seedling cultivation, one-year-old seedlings are used, and a balanced incomplete block design is adopted to divide the forest into 10 blocks, 4 Chinese fir seedlings are planted in each block, and the forest is planted with a row spacing of 2m×2m.
[0072] This embodiment adopts balanced incomplete block design, divides 10 blocks, and plants 4 Chinese fir seedlings in each block, which can ensure the randomness and representativeness of the experiment, thereby reducing the influence of random factors on the experimental results, and improving the reliability and repeatability of the experiment. Seedlings are grown by using seeds grown by each Chinese fir parent clone, and one-year-old seedlings are used to effectively utilize existing resources and seed materials, reducing the cost and resource consumption in the seedling raising process. At the same time, afforestation is carried out according to the plant spacing of 2m×2m, which ensures that the spatial distance between each seedling is relatively consistent, which is conducive to the management and observation of the experiment, and also provides sufficient growth space for each seedling, which is conducive to its normal growth and development. Moreover, 4 Chinese fir seedlings are planted in each block, which can ensure that there are enough samples in each group of experiments, so as to carry out statistical analysis and comparison of results, and improve the credibility and accuracy of the experimental results. One-year-old seedlings have a short growth cycle, can complete the experiment in a relatively short time, are conducive to timely acquisition of experimental data and results, have strong adaptability, and also facilitate the conduct and management of subsequent experiments.
[0073] In the specific application of this embodiment, S3 includes:
[0074] For the progeny test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden, the growth trait data corresponding to each Chinese fir parent progeny are observed when the progeny is 10 years old;
[0075] The growth trait data corresponding to the offspring of the Chinese fir parent include: the average breast diameter and the average tree height measured when the offspring of the Chinese fir parent grow for 10 years.
[0076] In the specific application of this embodiment, S4 specifically includes:
[0077] S41. Screening out excellent growth families based on the growth trait data of the offspring corresponding to each parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden;
[0078] Among them, the superior growth family refers to the Chinese fir parent whose average breast diameter is greater than the average growth trait data corresponding to all Chinese fir parent progeny in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden;
[0079] S42. Based on the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, select the reproductively superior clones;
[0080] S43. Obtain a phylogenetic tree based on the microsatellite data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent;
[0081] S44. Based on the phylogenetic tree and the selected superior growth families and superior reproductive clones, backbone parents are selected.
[0082] The present embodiment makes comprehensive use of the growth trait data of offspring, the reproductive trait data of Chinese fir parent and microsatellite data, takes into account the various factors such as genetic background, growth characteristics and reproductive capacity, thereby more comprehensively assesses the comprehensive advantages and disadvantages of Chinese fir parent, and is conducive to breeding out the variety with better comprehensive performance.By screening of growth trait data, select the parent whose diameter at breast height mean value is greater than the corresponding growth trait data mean value of all parent offspring as the growth excellent pedigree, and based on the screening of reproductive trait data, select the reproductive excellent clone, these screening criteria are relatively clear, are conducive to accurately selecting the parent with excellent performance.By obtaining phylogenetic tree based on microsatellite data, the genetic relationship and evolutionary history between different parents can be better understood, and a deeper theoretical basis and analytical basis are provided for subsequent backbone parent screening.Finally, by combining the information of phylogenetic tree and growth, reproductive excellent pedigree, backbone parent is screened out, such comprehensive screening can fully take into account the various factors such as genetic background, growth performance and reproductive capacity, can breed out more outstanding Chinese fir parent, improves breeding efficiency and success rate.
[0083] In this embodiment, S42 includes: based on the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, K-means clustering is performed on the reproductive trait data of the asexual lines of the designated Chinese fir parents in the third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir in R language to obtain two types of Chinese fir parents, and the Chinese fir parent with larger reproductive trait data among the two types of Chinese fir parents is selected as the asexual line with excellent reproductive quality.
[0084] In the present embodiment, the K-means clustering algorithm was used to carry out cluster analysis to the reproductive traits data, which is a kind of data mining technology commonly used, and data can be divided into different categories, which helps to find the potential pattern and structure in the data. Through the K-means clustering algorithm in the R language, the reproductive traits data are automatically processed, and subjectivity and human interference are avoided, and the result is more objective and credible. The fir parent is divided into two classes, and a class of large reproductive traits data is selected as the clone with excellent reproductive quality, and this analysis result is clear and definite, which is convenient for subsequent breeding work and material selection screening. Through automated cluster analysis, a large amount of reproductive traits data can be efficiently processed, saving manpower and time cost.
[0085] In this embodiment, the S43 includes:
[0086] S431. Based on the microsatellite data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, obtain the genetic distance between any Chinese fir parent and each Chinese fir parent in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden;
[0087] Microsatellite data is highly polymorphic and rich in genetic information. By using microsatellite data for genetic distance analysis, the genetic variation between Chinese fir parents can be better reflected, which helps to understand the genetic relationship between parents. In this embodiment, by calculating the genetic distance between Chinese fir parents based on microsatellite data, the genetic differences and relationships between them can be more accurately understood, providing an important data basis for the subsequent phylogenetic tree construction.
[0088] S432. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on all genetic distances.
[0089] By constructing a phylogenetic tree based on genetic distance, the genetic relationship and evolutionary history between the parents of Chinese fir can be clearly displayed, providing theoretical support and basis for the selection of backbone parents. The phylogenetic tree can comprehensively reflect the genetic relationship between the parents, and the high-resolution analysis of microsatellite data can improve the accuracy and credibility of the phylogenetic tree.
[0090] In this example, PowerMaker V3.25 software was used to calculate genetic distance.
[0091] Specifically, the S44 includes:
[0092] S441, dividing the phylogenetic tree into a plurality of sublineages;
[0093] S442, in each subline, selecting a Chinese fir parent meeting the first preset condition, and using the Chinese fir parent as the backbone parent;
[0094] Among them, the first preset condition is: the Chinese fir parent belongs to both a family with excellent growth and an asexual line with excellent reproduction.
[0095] In the present embodiment, by dividing the phylogenetic tree into a plurality of subsystems, the fir parents can be classified according to the genetic relationship, so that the screening work is more systematic and orderly. In each subsystem, the fir parents that meet the first preset condition are screened out, that is, the parents that belong to the excellent growth family and the excellent reproductive clone at the same time. This screening method is more accurate and can ensure that the fir parents with excellent performance are selected. By dividing the fir parents into a plurality of subsystems and screening in each subsystem, the hybridization interference between the parents can be reduced, the error can be reduced, and the accuracy of material selection can be improved. The first preset condition takes into account the excellent growth traits and the excellent reproductive traits at the same time, and comprehensively considers the growth ability and the reproductive ability of the fir parents, which is conducive to selecting the backbone parents with better comprehensive performance. By screening the subsystems in the phylogenetic tree and screening in each subsystem, it is possible to avoid carrying out cumbersome screening work to all parents, saving time and resources and improving work efficiency.
[0096] For an example, see Figure 2In this embodiment, the Chinese fir parents in the third generation seed garden in Fujian Province, China were divided into three sub-lines according to the method in this embodiment, and then the Chinese fir parents belonging to both the excellent growth family and the excellent reproductive clone in each sub-line were selected as the backbone parents in this embodiment. Figure 2 In the table, “·” indicates a family with good growth, and “*” indicates an asexual line with good reproduction.
[0097] In this embodiment, 10≥a≥5; a≥b; a≥c.
[0098] Results Analysis Content
[0099] Growth evaluation of progeny of superior Chinese fir families
[0100] The variance analysis of Fujian fir superior families in different years showed (see Table 1) that the diameter at breast height showed significant differences at the age of 3 and later, and the tree height showed significant differences at the age of 8. There were significant differences between the different growth traits in different years, and the interaction effect between family and block was not significant, indicating that the offspring of each superior family showed growth differences in the early growth period, which provided the possibility for the selection of superior fir families and the determination of offspring. From the observation data of the offspring determination forest of superior fir families over the years, it can be seen that the coefficient of variation of growth traits decreases with the increase of forest age, indicating that the offspring of each family grows in a consistent and stable manner.
[0101] Table 1
[0102]
[0103]
[0104] In this example, in Table 1, "*" and "**" both indicate significance in variance analysis; wherein ("*" indicates p<0.05; "**" indicates p<0.01).
[0105] Correlation analysis of traits among parental clones in Chinese fir seed orchard
[0106] The correlation of reproductive traits of parent clones in the third generation seed garden of Fujian fir was analyzed (Person). Figure 3 It can be known (in Figure 3In the data, "*" indicates the significance of the Pearson correlation coefficient; *: p≤0.05; **: p≤0.01; ***: p≤0.001), most of the traits were significantly correlated. The correlation between cone size and shape, 100-grain weight and germination potential and female cone number was weak and did not reach a significant level. On the contrary, cone size and shape, 100-grain weight, germination rate and germination potential were significantly correlated with male flower number (p<0.01). The number of cones per plant and the number of seeds per plant were significantly correlated with the number of female cones (p<0.001); the germination rate and germination potential of seeds were significantly correlated with cone size, traits, cone number per plant, seed number and 100-grain weight.
[0107] Evaluation on reproductive indexes of parental clones in Chinese fir seed orchard
[0108] The fruit set characteristics of the parent clones of Cunninghamia lanceolata in the third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province, China were investigated, and the parent clones were classified using K-means clustering. The cone yield of the third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province in 2020 and 2021 was calculated based on the fruit set characteristics of each parent. Figure 4 It can be seen that the Chinese fir parent asexual lines in the third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province are divided into two categories, among which the fruiting performance of the first type of parent asexual lines is significantly better than that of the second type. The average single-plant cone number and single-plant seed number of the first type of parent asexual lines are 257.04g and 4.35g, and the 100-grain weight is 0.51g. The first type of asexual lines are called parent asexual lines with excellent reproductive quality. A total of 28 excellent parent asexual lines were screened out in the third-generation seed orchard in Fujian Province.
[0109] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0110] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0111] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when a first feature is “on” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, when a first feature is “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. When a first feature is “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0112] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.
[0113] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir, characterized in that: include: S1. Preprocessing each Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden to obtain microsatellite data corresponding to each Chinese fir parent; Wherein, the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden includes a plurality of Chinese fir parents; Each Chinese fir parent includes a clone; S2. for each Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden, respectively collecting reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent; S3, obtaining growth trait information of the offspring corresponding to each Chinese fir parent according to the offspring test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden; S4. Based on the microsatellite data, reproductive trait data and growth trait information of offspring corresponding to each parent in the designated third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir, the backbone parents are selected; The pretreatment is PCR amplification and detection processing; The S2 includes: S21, selecting b plants of Chinese fir from any Chinese fir parent in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden as first standard trees, and observing and collecting data on the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the female-male ratio, the type of cones, and fruit-bearing traits of each first standard tree by using a fixed plant observation method, and performing average processing on the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the female-male ratio, and the fruit-bearing trait data of the first standard tree selected from the Chinese fir parent, respectively, to obtain the average number of female flowers, the average number of male flowers, the average female-male ratio, and the average fruit-bearing trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent; The fruiting trait data include: cone longitudinal diameter, cone transverse diameter, cone aspect ratio, number of mother tree branches, cone quantity per plant, seed quantity per plant, and 100-seed weight; S22, selecting c Chinese fir trees from any Chinese fir parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden as second standard trees, selecting 50 seeds from seeds grown from each second standard tree, and performing seed germination determination on the seeds corresponding to the Chinese fir parent to obtain the seed germination rate and seed germination potential corresponding to the Chinese fir parent; The reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent include: the average value of the number of female flowers, the average value of the number of male flowers, the average value of the ratio of female to male flowers, the average value of the fruiting trait data, the seed germination rate, the seed germination potential, and the type of cones with the largest number corresponding to the Chinese fir parent; The progeny test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden is obtained by raising seeds grown from each Chinese fir parent clone, using one-year-old seedlings, adopting a balanced incomplete block design, dividing into 10 blocks, planting 4 Chinese fir seedlings in each block, and afforestation according to a plant-row spacing of 2m×2m; The S3 includes: For the progeny test forest corresponding to the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden, the growth trait data corresponding to each Chinese fir parent progeny are observed when the progeny is 10 years old; The growth trait data corresponding to the offspring of the Chinese fir parent include: the average value of the breast diameter and the average value of the tree height measured when the offspring of the Chinese fir parent grows for 10 years; The S4 specifically includes: S41. Screening out excellent growth families based on the growth trait data of the offspring corresponding to each parent in the designated third-generation Chinese fir seed garden; Among them, the superior growth family refers to the Chinese fir parent whose average breast diameter is greater than the average growth trait data corresponding to all Chinese fir parent progeny in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden; S42. Based on the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, select the reproductively superior clones; S43. Obtain a phylogenetic tree based on the microsatellite data corresponding to the Chinese fir parent; S44. Based on the phylogenetic tree and the selected superior growth families and superior reproductive clones, backbone parents are selected.
2. The method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S42 includes: Based on the reproductive trait data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, K-means clustering was performed on the reproductive trait data of the asexual lines of the Chinese fir parents in the designated third-generation seed garden of Chinese fir in R language to obtain two types of Chinese fir parents, and the Chinese fir parent with larger reproductive trait data among the two types of Chinese fir parents was taken as the asexual line with excellent reproductive quality.
3. The method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S43 includes: S431. Based on the microsatellite data corresponding to the Chinese fir parents, obtain the genetic distance between any Chinese fir parent and each Chinese fir parent in the designated Chinese fir third-generation seed garden; S432. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on all genetic distances.
4. The method for screening backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S44 includes: S441, dividing the phylogenetic tree into a plurality of sublineages; S442, in each subline, selecting a Chinese fir parent meeting the first preset condition, and using the Chinese fir parent as the backbone parent; Among them, the first preset condition is: the Chinese fir parent belongs to both a family with excellent growth and an asexual line with excellent reproduction.
5. The method for selecting backbone parents of a high-generation production population of Chinese fir according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, 10≥a≥5; a≥b; a≥c.