A recycling device and recycling method for positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a recovery device for positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries, which relates to the technical field of battery recycling and processing, and aims to solve the technical problem that dust generated when the materials inside the lithium battery are crushed affects the respiratory system of the staff, including a feeding system, a first conveying system, a splitting system, a screening system, a second conveying system and a dust removal system, wherein the first conveying system includes a shell, a conveyor belt and a control component; the dust removal system includes a dust removal structure and an air duct, and the air duct has two air inlet branches and an air outlet passage, wherein one air inlet branch is connected to the dust removal port of the shell, and the other air inlet branch is connected to the air outlet of the screening system, and the air outlet passage is connected to the air inlet of the dust removal structure. The present invention also provides a method for recovering positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries using the above-mentioned recovery device. Compared with the prior art, the dust in the present invention will not leak into or rarely leak into the air, thereby protecting the respiratory system of the staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling and processing, and more specifically, to a recycling device and a recycling method for positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in various fields, and there are more and more waste lithium-ion batteries. If they are discharged directly, the precious metals and other components in the battery will seriously harm the environment. The structure of lithium-ion batteries consists of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode is generally a mixture of positive active material, acetylene black, and binder uniformly coated on the aluminum foil current collector. In the lithium-ion battery system, the cost of the positive electrode material accounts for about 30-40% of the total battery cost. Therefore, if it is necessary to recycle the positive electrode material of the lithium battery, it can save costs and protect the environment.

[0003] In the process of lithium battery recycling, especially in the crushing stage, since the materials inside the battery need to be crushed to separate useful materials, this process will inevitably produce a certain amount of dust. If these dusts are directly discharged without proper treatment, they may cause harm to the environment and human health. Existing production lines generally arrange a whole dust removal system inside the factory to deal with dust in the air, which affects the working environment of employees. Workers generally need to wear protective gear to work. When employees do not wear protective gear, it is very likely to harm their health. In view of this, we propose a recycling device and recycling method for lithium-ion battery positive electrode materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a recovery device for lithium-ion battery positive electrode materials to solve the technical problem that during the lithium battery recovery process, dust generated when the materials inside the battery are crushed affects the respiratory system of the workers.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a lithium ion battery positive electrode material recovery device, comprising:

[0006] A feeding system, the feeding system comprises a feeding box, an adsorption device and a cleaning device; the feeding box is provided with a material inlet at the top and a material outlet at the bottom; the adsorption device comprises a plurality of magnetic bars, and the plurality of magnetic bars are evenly arranged at the material inlet of the feeding box; the cleaning device is arranged in the feeding box, and is used to clean the material falling into the feeding box;

[0007] The first conveying system comprises a shell, a conveying belt and a control component; the shell has a conveying chamber sealed on all sides, one end of the conveying chamber is provided with a feeding end connected to the material outlet, the other end of the conveying chamber is provided with a discharging end, and a dust detector is provided in the conveying chamber; the surface of the shell is provided with a dust removal port; the conveying belt is arranged in the conveying chamber; the control component comprises a shell and a partition, the bottom of the shell is provided with a discharging opening, and the side wall of the shell is provided with a first track; the partition is arranged to pass through the discharging opening and move along the first track, and the partition and the inner wall of the shell surround a into a storage bin; wherein, in the process of the partition moving along the first track, the discharge opening is divided into different areas by the partition; as for the control component, it is mainly used to control the rate at which the material falls into the splitting system. The specific principle is that the partition is driven to move along the first track by the driving device. In the process of the partition moving along the first track, the discharge opening is divided into different areas by the partition, wherein the opening on one side of the partition is the discharge port, and the material falling rate is controlled by controlling the size of the discharge port. In this way, in conjunction with the rate of the first conveying system, the rate at which the material falls into the splitting system can be more accurately controlled;

[0008] A disassembly system, the disassembly system comprising a discharging device and a crushing device connected to the discharging device;

[0009] A screening system, the screening system comprising a protective shell sealed on all sides, a wind selection vibrator arranged in the protective shell, and a dust detector arranged in the protective shell;

[0010] A second conveying system, connected between the splitting system and the screening system, is used to convey the shredded battery fragments to the air separation and vibration machine for air separation and vibration separation;

[0011] A dust removal system, the dust removal system includes a dust removal structure and an air duct, the air duct has two air inlet branches and an air outlet passage, a valve is arranged correspondingly on the two air inlet branches, one air inlet branch is connected to the dust removal port of the shell, the other air inlet branch is connected to the air outlet of the screening system, and the air outlet passage is connected to the air inlet of the dust removal structure.

[0012] The present invention arranges the first conveying system and the screening system as a closed environment so that the dust cannot diffuse into the external air, and dust detectors are arranged in the first conveying system and the screening system. By setting the threshold value of the dust content, when it is detected that the dust content in one of them exceeds the standard, the corresponding valve opens, the dust removal structure starts working, and then the corresponding equipment is dusted. When both dust detectors detect that the dust exceeds the standard, the two valves open at the same time, the dust removal structure starts working, and the two equipments are dusted at the same time. The dust removal system of the present invention can remove dust at the source of dust generation. Compared with dust diffusion into the external air and then dust removal, it can better protect the health of the staff, and dust is removed specifically for the links where dust exceeds the standard, and the dust removal efficiency is better. A plurality of branches are arranged to process a plurality of links that are prone to dust generation, and a common dust removal structure is used, which can reduce the cost of building the equipment of the present invention.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic bar is movably connected to the side wall of the material inlet; through the setting of the magnetic bar, there is a gap between adjacent magnetic bars, and the material falls into the box through the gap position, which can prevent large-sized waste batteries from falling into the box, and the magnetic bar is movably connected to the box, and the spacing between adjacent magnetic bars is adjustable, and then by adjusting the gap size, batteries of different sizes can be screened. The magnetic bar can be an electromagnet or a natural magnet, and it is mainly used to first adsorb and screen the magnetic material in the waste battery material, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent material separation and processing.

[0014] Preferably, the cleaning equipment comprises a spray pipe arranged on the inner wall of the feeding box, the water inlet of the spray pipe is arranged on the side wall of the feeding box, and the water inlet is connected to an external water supply tank through a flange.

[0015] Preferably, the feeding system further includes a purification device, which is arranged directly below the material outlet of the feeding box and is used to purify the liquid used to clean the material. The cleaning equipment and wastewater treatment equipment in the prior art are generally set up separately, occupying a huge space and being inconvenient to install and carry. However, the present invention integrates the cleaning equipment and the purification equipment on the feeding equipment through conception, which can greatly reduce the space occupied and thus reduce the restrictions on the equipment by the site.

[0016] Preferably, a notch is provided on the top of the shell, a plate for drying is laid at the notch, and the plate is detachably connected to the side wall of the notch. The drying device of the present invention is cleverly designed and combined with the shell, thereby further reducing the occupied space. The structure and principle of the plate are not specifically limited, and it can be dried by hot air or by heat radiation.

[0017] Preferably, in order to cushion the impact caused by the collision between materials, the conveyor belt includes a main body and a plurality of parallel baffles arranged on the surface of the main body, the plurality of baffles are arranged perpendicular to the direction in which the main body conveys the material, and storage units are formed between adjacent baffles.

[0018] Preferably, in order to adjust the storage capacity of the storage unit, the baffle is made of rubber, and the baffle can be adjusted in height in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the main body; arranging the baffle as a flexible material can provide a good buffering force, preventing the used batteries from sliding to the next storage unit due to the impact of their own inertia and affecting the transportation of materials, and by adjusting the height of the baffle itself, materials of different sizes can be transported without the phenomenon of materials sliding.

[0019] Preferably, in order to further enhance the impact resistance of the baffle, at least two parallel sliding rods are arranged on the surface of the main body, the sliding rod passes through the baffle, and an elastic member is also sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod. The baffle squeezes the elastic member. When the material rolls down from the surface of the main body, it hits the surface of the baffle, and the baffle immediately applies an impact force to the elastic member, which deforms and buffers the force, thereby preventing the used batteries from rolling to the next storage unit because the force cannot be buffered.

[0020] Preferably, in order to better support the shell, the first conveying system also includes a support frame, which is supported and arranged at the bottom of the output end of the shell, so that the shell is inclined with the input end low and the output end high; the support frame is a telescopic frame structure that can adjust the height in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for recycling positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries using the above-mentioned recycling device for positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Remove impurities from the battery surface: First, put the waste lithium-ion batteries into the material inlet of the feeding box. The magnetic bars can first adsorb and screen the magnetic materials in the waste battery materials. The screened materials fall into the feeding box through the gaps between adjacent magnetic bars.

[0023] Step 2: Cleaning the battery: Start the cleaning equipment to clean the materials that fall into the feeding box, and then start the purification equipment to purify the liquid used to clean the materials;

[0024] Step 3: Discharging and crushing the battery: The cleaned material is transported to the disassembly system through the first conveying system. The battery first enters the discharging device for discharging, and then is shredded by the crushing device, so that the battery shell, battery pole piece and battery separator are shredded and separated into a loose state;

[0025] Step 4: Screening to obtain positive electrode materials: The second conveying system transports the shredded battery fragments to the screening system, and the shredded battery fragments are screened and vibrated in the wind selection vibration machine. The black powder generated in the shredding process is screened out by vibration, and the screened black powder enters the material powder bin. At the same time, the wind selection vibration process will blow out the positive and negative electrode materials, and the blown positive and negative electrode materials will be recovered into the storage bin, thereby completing the material separation;

[0026] In the above process, by setting the threshold values ​​of the dust content of the dust detectors in the first conveying system and the screening system, when it is detected that the dust content in one of them exceeds the standard, the corresponding valve opens, the dust removal structure starts working, and then the corresponding equipment is dusted; when both dust detectors detect that the dust exceeds the standard, the two valves open at the same time, the dust removal structure starts working, and the two devices are dusted at the same time.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention arranges the first conveying system and the screening system as a closed environment so that the dust cannot diffuse into the external air, and dust detectors are arranged in the first conveying system and the screening system. By setting a threshold value of the dust content, when it is detected that the dust content of one of them exceeds the standard, the corresponding valve opens, the dust removal structure starts working, and then the corresponding equipment is dusted. When both dust detectors detect that the dust exceeds the standard, the two valves open at the same time, the dust removal structure starts working, and the two equipments are dusted at the same time. The dust removal system of the present invention can remove dust at the source of dust generation. Compared with dust diffusion into the external air and then dust removal, it can better protect the health of the staff, and dust is removed specifically for the links where dust exceeds the standard, and the dust removal efficiency is better. A plurality of branches are arranged to process a plurality of links that are prone to dust generation, and a common dust removal structure is used, which can reduce the cost of building the equipment of the present invention.

[0029] 2. The present invention arranges magnetic bars so that there are gaps between adjacent magnetic bars, and materials fall into the box through the gaps, which can prevent large-sized waste batteries from falling into the box. The magnetic bars are movably connected to the box, and the spacing between adjacent magnetic bars is adjustable, so that batteries of different sizes can be screened by adjusting the gap size. The magnetic bars can be electromagnets or natural magnets, and are mainly used to first adsorb and screen the magnetic materials in the waste battery materials, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent material separation and processing.

[0030] 3. In order to buffer the impact caused by the collision between materials, the present invention arranges a plurality of baffles made of flexible materials on the main body of the conveyor belt. The baffles made of flexible materials have good buffering force, which prevents the waste batteries from sliding to the next storage unit due to the impact force of their own inertia and affecting the transportation of materials. Storage units are formed between adjacent baffles, and materials of different sizes can be transported by adjusting the height of the baffles themselves without the phenomenon of materials sliding.

[0031] 4. In order to further enhance the impact resistance of the baffle, the present invention arranges at least two parallel sliding rods on the surface of the main body. The sliding rod passes through the baffle, and an elastic member is also sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod. The baffle squeezes the elastic member. When the material rolls down from the surface of the main body, it hits the surface of the baffle. The baffle then applies an impact force to the elastic member, and the elastic member is deformed, thereby buffering the force, thereby preventing the used batteries from rolling to the next storage unit because the force cannot be buffered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the feeding system and the first conveying system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the connection part between the magnetic rod and the feeding box in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor belt in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blocking member in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the stopper and the body in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional connection structure of the blocking member in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the control component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.10 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for recycling positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries using a recycling device for positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries.

[0042] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0043] 1. Feeding system; 11. Feeding box; 12. Adsorption equipment; 121. Magnetic rod; 13. Cleaning equipment; 131. Water inlet; 14. Purification equipment; 2. First conveying system; 21. Shell; 211. Dust removal port; 212. Notch; 213. Plate; 22. Conveyor belt; 221. Main body; 222. Stopper; 223. Sliding rod; 224. Elastic member; 23. Control component; 231. Shell; 232. Partition; 24. Support frame; 3. Splitting system; 4. Screening system; 5. Second conveying system; 6. Dust removal system; 61. Dust removal structure; 62. Air duct; 63. Valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a recovery device for lithium-ion battery positive electrode materials, which includes a feeding system 1, a first conveying system 2, a splitting system 3, a screening system 4, a second conveying system 5 and a dust removal system 6.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the feeding system 1 of this embodiment includes a feeding box 11, an adsorption device 12 and a cleaning device 13; the feeding box 11 is provided with a material inlet at the top and a material outlet at the bottom; the adsorption device 12 includes a plurality of magnetic bars 121, and the plurality of magnetic bars 121 are evenly spaced and arranged at the material inlet of the feeding box 11, and the magnetic bars 121 are movably connected to the side wall of the material inlet, specifically, a long hole is arranged on the side wall of the material inlet, and the end of the magnetic bar 121 extends out of the long hole and is locked by a nut, and the diameter of the nut is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the long hole; by the arrangement of the magnetic bars 121, there is a gap between adjacent magnetic bars 121, and the material passes through The waste batteries 121 can fall into the box at the gap position, so that large-sized waste batteries can be prevented from falling into the box; the magnetic bar 121 can be an electromagnet or a natural magnet, which is mainly used to first adsorb and screen the magnetic materials in the waste battery materials, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent material separation and processing; the cleaning equipment 13 is arranged in the feeding box 11, and is used to clean the materials falling into the feeding box 11. Specifically, the cleaning equipment 13 includes a spray pipe arranged on the inner wall of the feeding box 11, and the water inlet 131 of the spray pipe is arranged on the side wall of the feeding box 11, and the water inlet 131 is connected to the external water supply tank through a flange.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the feeding system 1 also includes a purification device 14, which is arranged directly below the material outlet of the feeding box 11 and is used to purify the liquid for cleaning the material. The cleaning device 13 and the wastewater treatment device in the prior art are generally set separately, occupying a huge space and being inconvenient to install and carry. However, the present invention integrates the cleaning device 13 and the purification device 14 on the feeding device through conception, which can greatly reduce the space occupied, thereby reducing the restrictions on the equipment by the site.

[0049] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the first conveying system 2 of this embodiment includes a housing 21, a conveying belt 22 and a control component 23;

[0050] The shape of the housing 21 is not specifically limited in the present invention. The cross section of the housing 21 may be circular, square or triangular. The housing 21 has a conveying cavity sealed on all sides. A feeding end connected to the material outlet is arranged at one end of the conveying cavity, and a discharging end is arranged at the other end of the conveying cavity. A dust detector is arranged in the conveying cavity. A dust removal port 211 is arranged on the surface of the housing 21.

[0051] Furthermore, a notch 212 is provided on the top of the housing 21, and a plate 213 for drying is laid at the notch 212, and the plate 213 is detachably connected to the side wall of the notch 212. The drying device of the present invention is cleverly designed and combined with the housing 21, thereby further reducing the occupied space. The structure and principle of the plate 213 are not specifically limited, and the plate 213 can be dried by hot air or by heat radiation;

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the conveyor belt 22 is arranged in the conveying chamber and is driven to rotate by an existing driving device; in order to buffer the impact caused by the collision between the materials, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the conveyor belt 22 includes a body 221 and a plurality of parallel blocking members 222 arranged on the surface of the body 221. The plurality of blocking members 222 are arranged perpendicular to the direction in which the body 221 conveys materials, and storage units are formed between adjacent blocking members 222.

[0053] In one embodiment, in order to adjust the storage capacity of the storage unit, the material of the stopper 222 is rubber, and the height of the stopper 222 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the body 221 can be adjusted. By adjusting the height of the stopper 222 itself, materials of different sizes can be transported without the phenomenon of materials sliding off. Figure 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a specific embodiment. Figure 6 In the figure, the A structural member is a first structural member arranged as a hollow structure, the B structural member is a second structural member that is movably embedded in the first structural member, and the first structural member and the second structural member are fixed in position by a bolt assembly.

[0054] In another embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, the A structure is a third structure arranged as a hollow structure, and the B structure is a fourth structure movably embedded in the third structure, wherein the third structure is also arranged with a cam and a spring driven by a motor inside, and a detection device is also arranged on the surface of the third structure to detect the pressure borne by the stopper 222. When the stopper 222 is subjected to excessive pressure, the motor drives the cam to move to raise the height of the stopper 222 to prevent the material from sliding. When the pressure borne by the stopper 222 becomes smaller, the motor rotates, and the fourth structure is retracted into the third structure under the action of the spring, which can greatly reduce the probability of material sliding. The detection device can be a pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor detects that the weight exceeds the threshold, the motor connected to its signal can act in time.

[0055] like Figure 8As shown, in order to further enhance the impact resistance of the blocking member 222, at least two parallel sliding rods 223 are arranged on the surface of the main body 221. The sliding rod 223 passes through the blocking member 222, and an elastic member 224 is also sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 223. The blocking member 222 squeezes the elastic member 224. When the material rolls down from the surface of the main body 221, it hits the surface of the blocking member 222. The blocking member 222 then applies an impact force to the elastic member 224, and the elastic member 224 is deformed, thereby buffering the force, thereby preventing the used batteries from rolling to the next storage unit because the force cannot be buffered.

[0056] like Fig. 9 As shown, the control component 23 includes a shell 231 and a partition 232, the bottom of the shell 231 is arranged with a discharge opening, and the side wall of the shell 231 is arranged with a first track; the partition 232 is configured to pass through the discharge opening and move along the first track, and the partition 232 and the inner wall of the shell 231 surround to form a storage bin; wherein, during the movement of the partition 232 along the first track, the discharge opening is divided into different areas by the partition 232; for the control component 23, it is mainly used to control the rate at which the material falls into the splitting system 3. The specific principle is that the partition 232 is driven by a driving device to move along the first track, and during the movement of the partition 232 along the first track, the discharge opening is divided into different areas by the partition 232, wherein the opening on one side of the partition 232 is the discharge port, and the material falling rate is controlled by controlling the size of the discharge port, so that in combination with the rate of the first conveying system 2, the rate at which the material falls into the splitting system 3 can be more accurately controlled.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to better support the shell 21, the first conveying system 2 also includes a support frame 24, and the support frame 24 is supported and arranged at the bottom of the output end of the shell 21, so that the shell 21 is inclined with the input end low and the output end high; the support frame 24 is a telescopic frame structure that can adjust the height in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the disassembly system 3 of this embodiment includes a discharge device and a crushing device connected to the discharge device.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the screening system 4 of this embodiment includes a protective shell sealed on all sides, an air separation vibrator arranged in the protective shell, and a dust detector arranged in the protective shell.

[0060] like Figure 1As shown, the second conveying system 5 of this embodiment is connected between the splitting system 3 and the screening system 4, and is used to convey the shredded battery fragments to the air separation and vibration machine for air separation and vibration separation; it should be noted that the structure of the second conveying system 5 of this embodiment can be the same as that of the first conveying system 2, or the conveying equipment in the prior art can be directly used.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the dust removal system 6 of this embodiment includes a dust removal structure 61 and an air duct 62. The air duct 62 has two air inlet branches and an air outlet passage. A valve 63 is correspondingly arranged on the two air inlet branches. One of the air inlet branches is connected to the dust removal port 211 of the outer shell 21, and the other air inlet branch is connected to the air outlet of the screening system 4. The air outlet passage is connected to the air inlet of the dust removal structure 61.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment also provides a method for recycling positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries using the recycling device for positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries in embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Remove impurities from the battery surface: First, put the waste lithium-ion batteries into the material inlet of the feeding box 11. The magnetic rods 121 can first adsorb and screen the magnetic materials in the waste battery materials. The screened materials fall into the feeding box 11 through the gaps between adjacent magnetic rods 121;

[0065] Step 2: Cleaning the battery: Start the cleaning device 13 to clean the material falling into the feeding box 11, and then start the purification device 14 to purify the liquid used to clean the material;

[0066] Step 3: Discharging and crushing the battery: The cleaned material is transported to the disassembly system 3 via the first conveying system 2. The battery first enters the discharging device for discharging, and then is shredded by the crushing device, so that the battery shell, the battery pole piece and the battery separator are shredded and separated into a loose state. As for the specific size of the shredded battery fragments, there is no specific limitation, and it can be 2*2cm~2.5*2.5cm;

[0067] Step 4: Screening to obtain positive electrode materials: The second conveying system 5 conveys the shredded battery fragments to the screening system 4, which are subjected to air separation and vibration separation in the air separation vibrator. The black powder generated during the shredding process is screened out by vibration, and the screened black powder enters the material powder bin. At the same time, the air separation vibration process will blow out the positive and negative electrode materials, and the blown positive and negative electrode materials will be recovered to the storage bin, thereby completing the material separation;

[0068] In the above process, by setting the threshold values ​​of the dust content of the dust detectors in the first conveying system 2 and the screening system 4, when it is detected that the dust content of one of them exceeds the standard, the corresponding valve 63 opens, the dust removal structure 61 starts working, and then the corresponding equipment is dusted; when both dust detectors detect that the dust exceeds the standard, the two valves 63 open at the same time, the dust removal structure 61 starts working, and the two devices are dusted at the same time.

[0069] It is worth emphasizing that, no matter the above-mentioned process of shredding batteries, screening battery fragments, or dust removal, the machines are all equipment of the prior art and can be freely selected and matched without any detailed limitation. The dust removal system 6 of the present invention removes dust at the source of dust generation, prevents the dust from diffusing into the external air and then removes the dust, which can better protect the health of the workers and specifically remove dust from the links where dust exceeds the standard, so the dust removal efficiency is better. A plurality of branches are arranged to process a plurality of links that are prone to dust generation, and a common dust removal structure 61 is used, which can reduce the cost of building the separation equipment of the present invention.

[0070] In summary, the screening system 4 of the present invention removes dust at the source of dust generation, prevents the dust from diffusing into the external air and then removes the dust, which can better protect the health of the workers and specifically remove dust from the links where dust exceeds the standard, with better dust removal efficiency. Multiple branches are also arranged to handle multiple links that are prone to dust generation.

[0071] Furthermore, the subsequent treatment process of the positive electrode material is as follows: the collected positive electrode material is transported to the leaching system for treatment, and the leaching system dissolves and leaches the obtained material so that various metals in the electrode enter the solution. For the convenience of understanding, this embodiment specifically introduces the principle of leaching, and the leaching is divided into a one-step dissolution method and a two-step dissolution method: the one-step dissolution method directly uses acid leaching to dissolve all metals in the acid, and then uses some different methods to separate, purify and recycle; the two-step dissolution method uses alkali to leach aluminum and recycle, and then uses acid to leach the remaining metal oxides, and the subsequent treatment is similar to the one-step dissolution method, and then the metal elements in the leachate are separated and recovered or the solution is directly synthesized into positive electrode materials. The separation and recovery methods include chemical precipitation, salting out, ion exchange, extraction, electrochemical method, etc. Among them, the traditional splitting system 3 and the leaching system are relatively independent, and the staff needs to wait for the splitting system 3 to complete the splitting, and then transport the split materials to the leaching system by forklift for processing.

[0072] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device, characterized in that: include: A feeding system (1), the feeding system (1) comprising a feeding box (11), an adsorption device (12) and a cleaning device (13); the feeding box (11) is provided with a material inlet at the top and a material outlet at the bottom; the adsorption device (12) comprises a plurality of magnetic bars (121), the plurality of magnetic bars (121) being evenly spaced and arranged at the material inlet of the feeding box (11); the cleaning device (13) is arranged in the feeding box (11) and is used for cleaning the material falling into the feeding box (11); A first conveying system (2), the first conveying system (2) comprising a shell (21), a conveyor belt (22) and a control component (23); the shell (21) has a conveying chamber which is sealed on all sides, one end of the conveying chamber is provided with a feeding end which is connected to the material outlet, the other end of the conveying chamber is provided with a discharging end, and a dust detector is arranged in the conveying chamber; a dust removal port (211) is arranged on the surface of the shell (21); the conveyor belt (22) is arranged in the conveying chamber; the control component (23) comprises a shell (231) and a partition (232), the bottom of the shell (231) is provided with a discharging opening, and the side wall of the shell (231) is provided with a first track; the partition (232) is arranged to pass through the discharging opening and move along the first track, and the partition (232) and the inner wall of the shell (231) surround each other to form a storage bin; wherein When the partition (232) moves along the first track, the discharge opening is divided into different areas by the partition (232); the conveyor belt (22) comprises a body (221) and a plurality of parallel blocking members (222) arranged on the surface of the body (221); the plurality of blocking members (222) are arranged perpendicular to the direction in which the body (221) conveys materials, and storage units are formed between adjacent blocking members (222); the blocking members (222) are made of rubber, and the height of the blocking members (222) can be adjusted along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the body (221); at least two parallel sliding rods (223) are arranged on the surface of the body (221), the sliding rod (223) passes through the blocking member (222), and an elastic member (224) is also sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod (223), and the blocking member (222) squeezes the elastic member (224); The stopper (222) comprises an A structural member and a B structural member, wherein the A structural member is a third structural member arranged to be hollow, and the B structural member is a fourth structural member movably embedded in the third structural member, wherein a motor-driven cam and a spring are also arranged inside the third structural member, and a detection device is also arranged on the surface of the third structural member for detecting the pressure borne by the stopper 222; A splitting system (3), the splitting system (3) comprising a discharge device and a crushing device connected to the discharge device; A screening system (4), the screening system (4) comprising a protective shell sealed on all sides, a wind selection vibrator arranged in the protective shell, and a dust detector arranged in the protective shell; A second conveying system (5) is connected between the splitting system (3) and the screening system (4) and is used to convey the shredded battery fragments to the air separation and vibration machine for air separation and vibration separation; A dust removal system (6), the dust removal system (6) comprising a dust removal structure (61) and an air duct (62), the air duct (62) having two air inlet branches and an air outlet passage, each of the two air inlet branches being correspondingly arranged with a valve (63), one of the air inlet branches being connected to a dust removal port (211) of a housing (21), the other air inlet branch being connected to an air outlet of a screening system (4), and the air outlet passage being connected to an air inlet of the dust removal structure (61).

2. The lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic bar (121) is movably connected to the side wall of the material inlet.

3. The lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning device (13) comprises a spray pipe arranged on the inner wall of the feeding box (11), a water inlet (131) of the spray pipe is arranged on the side wall of the feeding box (11), and the water inlet (131) is connected to an external water supply tank via a flange.

4. The lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding system (1) further comprises a purification device (14), wherein the purification device (14) is arranged directly below the material outlet of the feeding box (11) and is used to purify liquid for washing the material.

5. The lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A notch (212) is provided at the top of the housing (21), and a plate body (213) for drying is laid at the notch (212), and the plate body (213) is detachably connected to a side wall of the notch (212).

6. The lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conveying system (2) further comprises a support frame (24), wherein the support frame (24) is supported and arranged at the bottom of the output end of the housing (21), so that the housing (21) is inclined with the input end being low and the output end being high; the support frame (24) is a telescopic frame structure capable of adjusting the height in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

7. A method for recycling positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries using the recycling device for positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Removing impurities from the battery surface: First, the waste lithium-ion batteries are put into the material inlet of the feeding box (11); the magnetic rods (121) can first adsorb and screen the magnetic materials in the waste battery materials; the screened materials fall into the feeding box (11) through the gaps between adjacent magnetic rods (121); Step 2: Cleaning the battery: starting the cleaning device (13) to clean the material falling into the feeding box (11), and then starting the purification device (14) to purify the liquid used to clean the material; Step 3: Discharging and crushing the battery: the cleaned material is transported to the disassembly system (3) via the first conveying system (2), the battery first enters the discharging device for discharging, and then passes through the crushing device for shredding, so that the battery shell, battery electrode and battery separator are shredded and separated into a loose state; Step 4: Screening to obtain positive electrode materials: The second conveying system (5) conveys the shredded battery fragments to the screening system (4), and the shredded battery fragments are screened and vibrated in the air separation vibration machine. The black powder generated in the shredding process is screened out by vibration, and the screened black powder enters the material powder bin. At the same time, the air separation vibration process will blow out the positive and negative electrode materials, and the blown positive and negative electrode materials will be recovered into the storage bin, thereby completing the material separation; In the above process, by setting the dust content thresholds of the dust detectors in the first conveying system (2) and the screening system (4), when it is detected that the dust content of one of them exceeds the standard, the corresponding valve (63) opens, the dust removal structure (61) starts to work, and then the dust is removed from the corresponding equipment. When both dust detectors detect that the dust exceeds the standard, the two valves (63) open at the same time, the dust removal structure (61) starts to work, and the dust is removed from the two equipments at the same time.

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