Laser additive and subtractive printer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of additive and subtractive materials, and discloses a laser additive and subtractive material printer, comprising a machine tool, a rotary worktable, a frame, a laser cladding head, a cutting processing head, a powder feeding pipe, and a powder drying box. A material bin is arranged on the upper side of the powder drying box, a first discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the material bin, a first solenoid valve is arranged on the first discharge pipe, an electric heating plate is arranged in the powder drying box, a drop pipe is arranged in the powder drying box, a discharge pipe is also arranged in the powder drying box, a feeding assembly for feeding the powder dried on the electric heating plate into the discharge pipe is arranged in the powder drying box, a temporary storage tank for storing the dried powder is arranged at the lower end of the discharge pipe, a second discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the temporary storage tank, a second solenoid valve is arranged on the second discharge pipe, a conveying pipe with one end connected to the powder feeding pipe is arranged at the lower end of the second discharge pipe, and a centrifugal fan connected to the end of the conveying pipe away from the powder feeding pipe is arranged at the lower side of the powder drying box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of additive and subtractive materials, and in particular relates to a laser additive and subtractive material printer. Background Art

[0002] Additive and subtractive technology is a technology that combines additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing. It achieves high-precision and high-value processing of materials by combining the two processes. Additive manufacturing is mainly a technology that builds three-dimensional objects layer by layer through laser cladding technology, while subtractive manufacturing is a process that removes excess material to obtain the desired shape and size. Additive and subtractive technology combines the advantages of these two processes and can complete the manufacture of complex parts in a single process, thereby improving production efficiency and part accuracy.

[0003] Laser cladding technology refers to a process in which the selected coating material is placed on the surface of the coated substrate in the form of different fillers, and the coating material and a thin layer on the substrate surface are melted simultaneously by laser irradiation, and then quickly solidified to form a surface coating with extremely low dilution and metallurgical bonding with the substrate material, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties of the substrate material surface.

[0004] At present, a Chinese patent with publication number CN109351967A and publication date of February 19, 2019 discloses an additive and subtractive laser processing machine tool, including a machine tool base, two Y-axis ball linear guide pairs are arranged in parallel on the left and right sides of the top surface of the machine tool base, and a Y-axis moving platform is movably arranged on the two Y-axis ball linear guide pairs. The method of using this additive and subtractive laser processing machine tool is to drive the cutting processing head and the laser cladding head through the operation of the first lifting servo motor and the second lifting servo motor in the Z-axis direction, adjust the processing height of the cutting processing head and the laser cladding head, and coordinate the operation to ensure the printing of the machine tool in the working area. The operation of the first servo motor on the machine tool base drives the rotating circular worktable on the Y-axis moving platform to move in the Y-axis direction to adjust the printing position; the operation of the rotating servo motor drives the rotating circular worktable to rotate the angle to adjust the printing direction; a dovetail groove guide rail is installed in the X-axis direction of the machine tool base, and a machine tool locking device is installed on the guide rail to lock the shaft workpiece.

[0005] The metal powder is transported to the laser cladding head through a powder feeding pipe, and the metal powder is melted by laser irradiation. The metal powder is then piled up layer by layer along a predetermined route. The powder feeding pipe moves with the movement of the laser cladding head to ensure that the powder outlet continuously supplies metal powder at the laser focal point.

[0006] However, the powder is not dried before being transported to the laser cladding head through the powder feeding tube, which will result in the following defects:

[0007] 1. Affecting powder fluidity: Water will make the alloy powder viscous, thus affecting its fluidity, causing blockage or uneven flow of the powder during transportation.

[0008] 2. Influence on the behavior of the molten pool: Water will evaporate during the heating process and produce gas, which will affect the behavior of the molten pool, such as producing defects such as pores and cracks.

[0009] 3. Affect the quality of finished products: Moisture can cause defects such as bubbles and roughness on the surface of the finished product, affecting the quality and performance of the finished product.

[0010] Therefore, how to ensure the dryness of the powder before it is transported to the laser cladding head through the powder feeding tube is an urgent problem that needs to be solved by today's additive and subtractive printers. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser additive and subtractive material printer, which can efficiently dry metal powder.

[0012] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a laser additive and subtractive material printer, comprising a machine tool, a rotary table arranged on the machine tool, a frame arranged on the machine tool, a laser cladding head arranged on the frame, a cutting processing head arranged on the frame, a powder feeding pipe arranged on the laser cladding head, and a powder drying box arranged at the side of the machine tool, a material bin is arranged on the upper side of the powder drying box, a first discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the material bin, a first solenoid valve is arranged on the first discharge pipe, an electric heating plate is arranged in the powder drying box, and a lower end of the upper end of the powder drying box is connected to the lower end of the first discharge pipe and the lower end is inclined downward A drop pipe extending to the side of the electric heating plate, a discharge pipe with an upper end extending to the position of the electric heating plate and a lower end extending obliquely downward to the outside of the powder drying box is also provided in the powder drying box, a feeding assembly for feeding the powder dried on the electric heating plate into the discharge pipe is provided in the powder drying box, a temporary storage tank for storing the dried powder is provided at the lower end of the discharge pipe, a second discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the temporary storage tank, a second solenoid valve is provided on the second discharge pipe, a conveying pipe with one end connected to the powder feeding pipe is provided at the lower end of the second discharge pipe, and a centrifugal fan connected to the end of the conveying pipe away from the powder feeding pipe is provided on the lower side of the powder drying box.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the powder to be dried is stored in a silo, wherein the first solenoid valve is opened, so that a part of the powder in the silo falls along the drop pipe to the electric heating plate, and the powder can be heated on the electric heating plate to evaporate the surface moisture, and then the feeding component is used to feed the powder dried on the electric heating plate into the discharge pipe, and the dry powder can slide down along the discharge pipe and fall into the temporary storage tank. When it is necessary to supply powder to the powder feeding pipe, the second solenoid valve and the centrifugal fan are opened, and the dry powder can fall into the conveying pipe and enter the powder feeding pipe under the action of the airflow, and finally the metal powder can be dried efficiently.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the feeding assembly includes a fixed sleeve arranged in the powder drying box and embedded in the electric heating plate, a driving cylinder connected at the upper end to the lower surface of the electric heating plate and at the lower end to the bottom wall of the fixed sleeve, a discharge port opened on the side wall of the fixed sleeve and connected to the upper end of the discharge pipe, a blowing pipe arranged on the side of the electric heating plate away from the discharge port, a long groove opened at the side of the fixed sleeve and for the blowing pipe to pass through, and an air supply member arranged in the powder drying box and used to supply air to the blowing pipe.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the powder falls on the electric heating plate to evaporate the water, the airflow sprayed from the spray pipe can spray the powder on the electric heating plate, thereby accelerating the drying speed of the powder on the electric heating plate; and when the powder is dried, the driving cylinder is used to drive the electric heating plate to move downward until the electric heating plate moves to the position below the discharge port, at which time the airflow sprayed from the spray pipe can blow the dried powder on the electric heating plate into the discharge pipe, and finally the dry powder can be transported by the airflow sprayed from the spray pipe;

[0016] When all the powder dried on the heating plate falls into the discharge pipe, the driving cylinder can drive the heating plate to move up again, so that the heating plate can receive the powder to be dried falling from the discharge pipe, and the airflow from the blowing pipe can be used to blow the powder to be dried.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plastic plate is arranged inside the powder drying box and above the electric heating plate, a connecting plate connected to the upper inner wall of the powder drying box is arranged on one side of the plastic plate, a magnet plate with a gap between the plastic plate is arranged above the plastic plate, a shielding iron plate with gaps between the magnet plate and the plastic plate is arranged between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, and a driving component for driving the shielding iron plate to rotate so as to intermittently enter between the magnet plate and the plastic plate is arranged inside the powder drying box.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, in common knowledge, the iron plate can shield the magnetic force like a shield, because the material structure of iron makes its ability to absorb and distribute magnetic fields better than other materials;

[0019] When the metal powder to be dried falls on the electric heating plate for drying, the driving component also drives the shielding iron plate to rotate, so that the shielding iron plate intermittently enters between the magnet plate and the plastic plate; when the shielding iron plate leaves between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate can act on the metal powder on the lower electric heating plate, so that the metal powder moves upward and is adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate; and when the shielding iron plate enters between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, the shielding iron plate can shield the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate, and the metal powder that loses the magnetic attraction can fall back from the plastic plate to the electric heating plate; in this way, as the shielding iron plate intermittently enters between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, the metal powder can move back and forth between the electric heating plate and the plastic plate, thereby realizing the metal powder repeatedly flipping on the electric heating plate, which is conducive to the efficient contact of the metal powder particles stacked together with the electric heating plate, and finally the efficient drying of the metal powder can be realized.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving assembly includes a first connecting shaft whose upper end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box, a turntable arranged at the lower end of the first connecting shaft, five open slots opened on the circumference of the turntable and evenly spaced along the circumference of the turntable, a first connecting arm whose one end is connected to the outer wall of the turntable at any open slot position and the other end is connected to the side of the shielding iron plate, a driving motor arranged on the inner wall of the powder drying box, a connecting disk arranged on the output shaft at the lower end of the driving motor, and a driving column arranged at the side of the connecting disk and used to be embedded in the open slot.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving motor is used to drive the connecting disk to rotate, and the connecting disk can drive the driving column to be embedded in the open groove on the side of the turntable, wherein the driving column can drive the turntable to deflect once each time it enters any open groove, and the turntable can stop rotating when the driving column leaves the open groove; at this time, the turntable can be driven to deflect intermittently, and because one end of the first connecting arm is connected to the outer wall of the turntable at any open groove position and the other end is connected to the side of the shielding iron plate, the intermittent deflection of the turntable can drive the shielding iron plate to intermittently enter between the magnet plate and the plastic plate.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: two shielding iron plates and two corresponding first connecting arms are provided and are respectively located at two spaced apart opening slots.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, two shielding iron plates and corresponding first connecting arms are provided and are respectively located at two spaced open slots. At this time, two shielding iron plates will enter between the magnet plate and the plastic plate every time the turntable rotates one circle, thereby increasing the frequency of the metal powder moving back and forth between the electric heating plate and the plastic plate.

[0024] The present invention is further configured as follows: an arc groove recessed toward the center of the turntable is provided on the circumferential side of the turntable and between two adjacent open grooves; a positioning plate having an outer diameter equal to the arc diameter of the arc groove is provided on the outer wall of the connecting plate; an anti-interference groove is provided on the positioning plate and located on one side of the driving column.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the driving column leaves the open groove, the positioning plate can be embedded in the arc groove. At this time, the rotation of the turntable can be positioned by the positioning plate to prevent the turntable from continuing to deflect due to inertia after the driving column leaves the open groove, thereby ensuring that the driving column is accurately embedded in the open groove next time.

[0026] The present invention is further configured as follows: a second connecting arm connected to the connecting plate is provided at the side of the magnet plate; the magnet plate is circular and its projection on the electric heating plate is located at the center of the electric heating plate.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the magnet plate is connected to the connecting plate by the second connecting arm, and the magnet plate is circular and its projection on the electric heating plate is at the center of the electric heating plate; when the magnet plate generates magnetic attraction to the metal powder, the metal powder can be adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate near the center of the electric heating plate, and when the magnet plate loses its magnetic attraction to the metal powder, the metal powder can fall on the center of the electric heating plate, and because the blowing pipe blows and pushes the metal powder on the electric heating plate, the metal powder can slide on the electric heating plate and be pushed to the side of the fixed sleeve, until the next time the magnet plate continues to magnetically attract the metal powder, the metal powder located at the side of the fixed sleeve can move obliquely upward and continue to be adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate near the center of the electric heating plate; therefore, the metal powder can move in a "triangular" trajectory between the electric heating plate and the plastic plate, forming an effect similar to "stir-frying", which is conducive to the efficient contact of the metal powder particles piled together with the electric heating plate, and finally the efficient drying of the metal powder can be achieved.

[0028] The present invention is further configured as follows: the connecting plate is a gear plate, and the air supply member includes a second connecting shaft whose upper end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box, a driven gear arranged on the second connecting shaft and meshing with the connecting plate, a first bevel gear arranged at the lower end of the second connecting shaft, a third connecting shaft whose one end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box, a second bevel gear arranged on the third connecting shaft and meshing with the first bevel gear, an impeller arranged at the end of the third connecting shaft, a guide sleeve arranged on the inner wall of the powder drying box and sleeved on the impeller, and a bellows with one end connected to the guide sleeve and the other end connected to the blowing pipe.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting disk is used as a gear disk. Therefore, when the driving motor drives the connecting disk to rotate, since the connecting disk is meshed with the driven gear, the rotation of the connecting disk can drive the driven gear to rotate the second connecting shaft. The second connecting shaft can drive the third connecting shaft to rotate through the meshing of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear. The third connecting shaft can drive the impeller in the guide sleeve to rotate. After the impeller rotates, a wind force airflow can be formed and transported into the injection pipe through the bellows.

[0030] Since one end of the bellows is connected to the guide sleeve and the other end is connected to the blowing pipe, the bellows can facilitate the blowing pipe to move up and down along the long groove driven by the driving cylinder.

[0031] The present invention is further configured such that: the outer diameter of the driven gear is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting disc.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer diameter of the driven gear is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting disk, so that the driven gear can have a faster rotation speed, which is conducive to the impeller forming a stronger airflow.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the powder to be dried is stored in a silo, wherein the first solenoid valve is opened, so that a part of the powder in the silo falls along the drop pipe onto the electric heating plate, and the powder can be heated on the electric heating plate to evaporate the surface moisture, wherein a driving motor is used to drive the connecting disk to rotate, and the connecting disk can drive the driving column to be embedded in the open groove on the peripheral side of the turntable, wherein each time the driving column enters any open groove, the turntable can be driven to deflect once, and when the driving column leaves the open groove, the turntable can stop rotating; at this time, the turntable can be driven to deflect intermittently, and since one end of the first connecting arm is connected to the outer wall of the turntable at any open groove position and the other end is connected to the side of the shielding iron plate, the intermittent deflection of the turntable can drive the shielding iron plate to intermittently enter between the magnet plate and the plastic plate; and the driving motor can also drive the impeller in the guide sleeve to rotate through the driven gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, and after the impeller rotates, a wind force airflow can be formed and transported into the injection pipe through the corrugated pipe;

[0034] When the shielding iron plate leaves between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate can act on the metal powder on the lower electric heating plate, so that the metal powder moves upward and is adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate; and when the shielding iron plate enters between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, the shielding iron plate can shield the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate, and the metal powder that has lost its magnetic attraction can fall back from the plastic plate to the electric heating plate; in this way, as the shielding iron plate intermittently enters between the magnet plate and the plastic plate, the metal powder can move back and forth between the electric heating plate and the plastic plate, thereby realizing the metal powder repeatedly flipping on the electric heating plate;

[0035] At the same time, since the magnet plate is connected to the connecting plate by the second connecting arm, and the magnet plate is circular and its projection on the electric heating plate is at the center of the electric heating plate; when the magnet plate generates magnetic attraction to the metal powder, the metal powder can be adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate near the center of the electric heating plate, and when the magnet plate loses its magnetic attraction to the metal powder, the metal powder can fall on the center of the electric heating plate, and since the blowing tube blows and pushes the metal powder on the electric heating plate, the metal powder can slide on the electric heating plate and be pushed to the side of the fixed sleeve, until the next time the magnet plate continues to magnetically attract the metal powder, the metal powder located at the side of the fixed sleeve can move obliquely upward and continue to be adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate near the center of the electric heating plate; therefore, the metal powder can move in a "triangular" trajectory between the electric heating plate and the plastic plate, forming an effect similar to "stir-frying", which is conducive to the efficient contact of the metal powder particles piled together with the electric heating plate, and finally the efficient drying of the metal powder can be achieved;

[0036] When the powder is dried, the driving cylinder is used to drive the heating plate to move downward. At this time, the metal powder on the heating plate is farther away from the magnet plate, so the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate cannot act on the metal powder after moving downward, until the heating plate moves to the position below the discharge port. At this time, the airflow ejected from the blowing pipe can blow the dried powder on the heating plate into the discharge pipe, and the dry powder can slide down the discharge pipe and fall into the temporary storage tank. When powder needs to be supplied to the powder feeding pipe, the second solenoid valve and the centrifugal fan are opened, and the dry powder falls into the conveying pipe and can enter the powder feeding pipe under the action of the airflow, thereby finally realizing efficient drying of the metal powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural plan view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder drying box in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure inside the powder drying box of the present invention, when the electric heating plate moves to the upper limit position;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure inside the powder drying box of the present invention, when the electric heating plate moves to the lower limit position;

[0042] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The enlarged view of the middle A part, in which the arrows are used to indicate the "triangular" trajectory of the metal powder between the electric heating plate and the plastic plate;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of the connection relationship between the shielding iron plate and the driving component in the present invention.

[0044] In the figure, 1, machine tool; 11, rotary table; 12, frame; 13, laser cladding head; 14, cutting head; 15, powder feeding pipe; 2, powder drying box; 21, silo; 211, first discharge pipe; 212, first solenoid valve; 22, drop pipe; 23, discharge pipe; 3, electric heating plate; 4, feeding assembly; 41, fixed sleeve; 42, driving cylinder; 43, discharge port; 44, blowing pipe; 45, long slot; 46, air supply member; 461, second connecting shaft; 462, driven gear; 463, first bevel gear; 464, third connecting shaft; 4 65. Second bevel gear; 466. Impeller; 467. Guide sleeve; 468. Bellows; 5. Temporary storage tank; 51. Second discharge pipe; 52. Second solenoid valve; 53. Delivery pipe; 6. Centrifugal fan; 7. Plastic plate; 71. Connecting plate; 72. Magnet plate; 721. Second connecting arm; 8. Shielding iron plate; 9. Drive assembly; 91. First connecting shaft; 92. Turntable; 921. Arc groove; 93. Open groove; 94. First connecting arm; 95. Drive motor; 96. Connecting plate; 961. Positioning plate; 962. Anti-interference groove; 97. Drive column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] A laser additive and subtractive printer, referring to Figure 1The laser additive and subtractive material printer includes a machine tool 1, a rotary table 11, a frame 12, a laser cladding head 13, a cutting processing head 14, a powder feeding pipe 15 and a powder drying box 2, wherein the rotary table 11 is installed on the machine tool 1, and the workpiece can be locked by the rotary table 11, and the frame 12 is installed on the machine tool 1, and the laser cladding head 13 and the cutting processing head 14 are both installed on the frame 12, and the laser cladding head 13 can be used to laser clad the workpiece with metal powder, and the cutting processing head 14 can be used to cut the workpiece, thereby realizing the additive and subtractive material processing of the workpiece; at the same time, the powder feeding pipe 15 is connected to the laser cladding head 13, and the metal powder can be transported to the laser cladding head 13 through the powder feeding pipe 15; since the connection structure between the rotary table 11, the frame 12, the laser cladding head 13, the cutting processing head 14, and the powder feeding pipe 15 is the existing technology, the specific structure is not repeated here.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 The powder drying box 2 is arranged at the side outside the machine tool 1, wherein a silo 21 is fixed to the upper side of the powder drying box 2 by bolts, and the metal powder to be dried is stored in the silo 21, and a first discharge pipe 211 is integrally provided at the lower end of the silo 21, and a first solenoid valve 212 is installed on the first discharge pipe 211; wherein an electric heating plate 3 is arranged in the powder drying box 2, and the surface of the electric heating plate 3 can emit heat after being energized, and a drop pipe 22 is arranged in the powder drying box 2, and the upper end is welded to the lower end of the first discharge pipe 211 and the lower end is inclined downward to the side of the electric heating plate 3, and the upper end is also arranged in the powder drying box 2. A discharge pipe 23 extends to the position of the electric heating plate 3 and extends obliquely downward at the lower end to the outside of the powder drying box 2; wherein a temporary storage tank 5 for storing the dried powder is welded to the lower end of the discharge pipe 23, and a second discharge pipe 51 is integrally provided at the lower end of the temporary storage tank 5, and a second solenoid valve 52 is installed on the second discharge pipe 51, and a conveying pipe 53 with one end connected to the powder feeding pipe 15 is welded to the lower end of the second discharge pipe 51, and a centrifugal fan 6 connected to the end of the conveying pipe 53 away from the powder feeding pipe 15 is fixed to the lower side of the powder drying box 2 by bolts, and the dried metal powder is transported by the high-speed airflow of the centrifugal fan 6.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4The powder drying box 2 is also provided with a feeding assembly 4 for feeding the powder dried on the electric heating plate 3 into the discharge pipe 23. The feeding assembly 4 includes a fixed sleeve 41, a driving cylinder 42, a discharge port 43, a blowing pipe 44, a long groove 45, and an air supply member 46. The fixed sleeve 41 is fixed in the powder drying box 2 by bolts and the electric heating plate 3 is embedded. The upper end of the discharge pipe 23 is fixed to the side of the fixed sleeve 41 by bolts, and the discharge pipe 23 extends in the vertical direction. At the same time, the driving cylinder 42 is fixed to the lower surface of the electric heating plate 3 by bolts at the upper end. The fixing sleeve 41 is fixedly connected and its lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the fixing sleeve 41 by bolts, while the discharge port 43 is opened on the side wall of the fixing sleeve 41 and is connected to the upper end of the discharge pipe 23; wherein the blowing pipe 44 is fixed to the side of the electric heating plate 3 away from the discharge port 43 by bolts, and the long groove 45 is opened at the side of the fixing sleeve 41 for the blowing pipe 44 to pass through, and the long groove 45 is in a "U" shape, and the long groove 45 can facilitate the blowing pipe 44 to move up and down with the electric heating plate 3; at the same time, the air supply part 46 is arranged in the powder drying box 2 and is used to supply air to the blowing pipe 44.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 A plastic plate 7 is further arranged in the powder drying box 2 and above the electric heating plate 3, and a connecting plate 71 connected to the upper inner wall of the powder drying box 2 is fixed to one side of the plastic plate 7 by bolts, wherein a magnet plate 72 is arranged above the plastic plate 7 with a gap between the plastic plate 7, and the magnet plate 72, the plastic plate 7 and the electric heating plate 3 are parallel to each other, and a second connecting arm 721 welded to the connecting plate 71 is bonded to the side of the magnet plate 72, and the magnet plate 72 is circular and its projection on the electric heating plate 3 is at the center of the electric heating plate 3;

[0050] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6A shielding iron plate 8 with a gap between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7 is also provided between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7, wherein a driving assembly 9 for driving the shielding iron plate 8 to rotate so as to intermittently enter between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7 is also provided in the powder drying box 2, wherein the driving assembly 9 comprises a first connecting shaft 91, a turntable 92, an opening slot 93, a first connecting arm 94, a driving motor 95, a connecting disk 96, and a driving column 97, wherein the upper end of the first connecting shaft 91 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box 2 through a bearing seat, and the turntable 92 is key-connected to the lower end of the first connecting shaft 91, and the opening slot 93 is opened on the circumferential side of the turntable 92 and has five, and the five opening slots 93 are evenly spaced along the circumferential side of the turntable 92, and the first connecting arm 94 is a turntable 9 welded at one end to the position of any opening slot 93 2 outer wall and the other end is bonded to the side of the shielding iron plate 8, wherein the shielding iron plate 8 and the corresponding first connecting arm 94 are each provided with two and are respectively located at the positions of two spaced opening slots 93; at the same time, the driving motor 95 is fixed to the inner wall of the powder drying box 2 by bolts, and the connecting plate 96 is key-connected to the output shaft at the lower end of the driving motor 95, and the connecting plate 96 is a gear plate; wherein the driving column 97 is welded to the side of the connecting plate 96 and is used to be embedded in the opening slot 93, and the circumferential side of the rotating disk 92 and located between two adjacent opening slots 93 is provided with an arc groove 921 recessed toward the center of the rotating disk 92, and at the same time, a positioning plate 961 with an outer diameter equal to the arc diameter of the arc groove 921 is welded on the outer wall of the connecting plate 96, and an anti-interference groove 962 is provided on the positioning plate 961 and located on one side of the driving column 97.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 The air supply member 46 in the feeding assembly 4 includes a second connecting shaft 461, a driven gear 462, a first bevel gear 463, a third connecting shaft 464, a second bevel gear 465, an impeller 466, a guide sleeve 467, and a bellows 468; wherein the upper end of the second connecting shaft 461 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box 2 through a bearing seat, and the driven gear 462 is keyed to the second connecting shaft 461 and meshed with the connecting disk 96, and the outer diameter of the driven gear 462 is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting disk 96, and the first bevel gear 463 is keyed to the second connecting shaft 461 and meshed with the connecting disk 96. It is connected to the lower end of the second connecting shaft 461, and one end of the third connecting shaft 464 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box 2 through a bearing seat, wherein the second bevel gear 465 is keyed to the third connecting shaft 464 and meshes with the first bevel gear 463, and the impeller 466 is fixed to the end of the third connecting shaft 464 by bolts, and the guide sleeve 467 is fixed to the inner wall of the powder drying box 2 by bolts and sleeved on the impeller 466, and the bellows 468 is connected to the guide sleeve 467 at one end and connected to the blowing pipe 44 at the other end.

[0052] Principle: The metal powder to be dried is stored in the silo 21, wherein the first solenoid valve 212 is opened, so that a part of the metal powder in the silo 21 falls along the drop pipe 22 onto the electric heating plate 3, and the metal powder can be heated on the electric heating plate 3 to evaporate the surface moisture, wherein the driving motor 95 is used to drive the connecting plate 96 to rotate, and the connecting plate 96 can drive the driving column 97 to be embedded in the opening groove 93 on the side of the turntable 92, wherein each time the driving column 97 enters any opening groove 93, it can drive the turntable 92 to deflect once, and when the driving column 97 leaves the opening groove 93, the turntable 92 can stop rotating. At this time, the turntable 92 can be driven to intermittently deflect, and since one end of the first connecting arm 94 is connected to the outer wall of the turntable 92 at any opening slot 93 and the other end is connected to the side of the shielding iron plate 8, the intermittent deflection of the turntable 92 can drive the shielding iron plate 8 to intermittently enter between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7; and the driving motor 95 can also drive the impeller 466 in the guide sleeve 467 to rotate through the driven gear 462, the first bevel gear 463 and the second bevel gear 465, and after the impeller 466 rotates, a wind force airflow can be formed and transported into the injection pipe 44 through the bellows 468;

[0053] When the shielding iron plate 8 leaves between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7, the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate 72 can act on the metal powder on the lower electric heating plate 3, so that the metal powder moves upward and is adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate 7; and when the shielding iron plate 8 enters between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7, the shielding iron plate 8 can shield the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate 72, and the metal powder that has lost its magnetic attraction can fall back from the plastic plate 7 to the electric heating plate 3; in this way, as the shielding iron plate 8 intermittently enters between the magnet plate 72 and the plastic plate 7, the metal powder can move back and forth between the electric heating plate 3 and the plastic plate 7, thereby realizing that the metal powder repeatedly flips and jumps on the electric heating plate 3;

[0054] At the same time, since the magnet plate 72 is connected to the connecting plate 71 by the second connecting arm 721, and the magnet plate 72 is circular and its projection on the electric heating plate 3 is at the center of the electric heating plate 3; when the magnet plate 72 generates magnetic attraction to the metal powder, the metal powder can be adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate 7 near the center of the electric heating plate 3, and when the magnet plate 72 loses its magnetic attraction to the metal powder, the metal powder can fall to the center of the electric heating plate 3, and since the blowing pipe 44 blows and pushes the metal powder on the electric heating plate 3, the metal powder can be on the electric heating plate 3. After sliding upward, it is pushed to the side of the fixed sleeve 41 until the magnet plate 72 continues to magnetically attract the metal powder next time. The metal powder located at the side of the fixed sleeve 41 can move obliquely upward and continue to be adsorbed on the lower surface of the plastic plate 7 near the center of the electric heating plate 3; therefore, the metal powder can move in a "triangular" trajectory between the electric heating plate 3 and the plastic plate 7, forming a "stir-frying" effect, which is conducive to the efficient contact between the metal powder particles piled together and the electric heating plate 3, and finally the efficient drying of the metal powder can be achieved;

[0055] When the metal powder is dried, the driving cylinder 42 is used to drive the heating plate 3 to move downward. At this time, the metal powder on the heating plate 3 is far away from the magnet plate 72, so the magnetic attraction of the magnet plate 72 cannot act on the metal powder after moving downward, until the heating plate 3 moves to the position below the discharge port 43. At this time, the airflow ejected from the blowing pipe 44 can blow the dried metal powder on the heating plate 3 into the discharge pipe 23, and the dried metal powder can slide down along the discharge pipe 23 and fall into the temporary storage tank 5. When it is necessary to supply powder to the powder feeding pipe 15, the second solenoid valve 52 and the centrifugal fan 6 are opened. After the dried metal powder falls into the conveying pipe 53, it can enter the powder feeding pipe 15 under the action of the airflow, and finally the metal powder can be dried efficiently.

Claims

1. A laser additive and subtractive material printer, comprising a machine tool (1), a rotary table (11) arranged on the machine tool (1), a frame (12) arranged on the machine tool (1), a laser cladding head (13) arranged on the frame (12), a cutting processing head (14) arranged on the frame (12), and a powder feeding pipe (15) arranged on the laser cladding head (13). Features: The machine tool (1) further comprises a powder drying box (2) arranged at the side of the machine tool (1), a material bin (21) being arranged on the upper side of the powder drying box (2), a first discharge pipe (211) being arranged at the lower end of the material bin (21), a first solenoid valve (212) being arranged on the first discharge pipe (211), an electric heating plate (3) being arranged in the powder drying box (2), a drop pipe (22) being arranged in the powder drying box (2), the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the first discharge pipe (211) and the lower end of which is obliquely extended downward to the side of the electric heating plate (3), and a drop pipe (22) being arranged in the powder drying box (2), the upper end of which is extended to the position of the electric heating plate (3) and the lower end of which is obliquely extended downward to the position of the powder drying box (2). The powder drying box (2) is provided with a feeding assembly (4) for feeding the powder after drying on the electric heating plate (3) into the feeding pipe (23); a temporary storage tank (5) for storing the dried powder is provided at the lower end of the feeding pipe (23); a second discharge pipe (51) is provided at the lower end of the temporary storage tank (5); a second solenoid valve (52) is provided on the second discharge pipe (51); a conveying pipe (53) having one end connected to the powder feeding pipe (15) is provided at the lower end of the second discharge pipe (51); and a centrifugal fan (6) connected to one end of the conveying pipe (53) away from the powder feeding pipe (15) is provided at the lower side of the powder drying box (2); The feeding assembly (4) comprises a fixing sleeve (41) arranged in the powder drying box (2) and in which the electric heating plate (3) is embedded, a driving cylinder (42) having an upper end connected to the lower surface of the electric heating plate (3) and a lower end connected to the bottom wall of the fixing sleeve (41), a discharge port (43) provided on the side wall of the fixing sleeve (41) and connected to the upper end of the discharge pipe (23), a blowing pipe (44) provided on a side of the electric heating plate (3) away from the discharge port (43), a long groove (45) provided on the side of the fixing sleeve (41) and for the blowing pipe (44) to pass through, and an air supply member (46) provided in the powder drying box (2) and used for supplying air to the blowing pipe (44).

2. A laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 1, Features: A plastic plate (7) is arranged in the powder drying box (2) and above the electric heating plate (3); a connecting plate (71) connected to the upper inner wall of the powder drying box (2) is arranged on one side of the plastic plate (7); a magnet plate (72) with a gap between the plastic plate (7) and the plastic plate (7) is arranged above the plastic plate (7); a shielding iron plate (8) with gaps between the magnet plate (72) and the plastic plate (7) is arranged between the magnet plate (72) and the plastic plate (7); and a driving component (9) for driving the shielding iron plate (8) to rotate so as to intermittently enter between the magnet plate (72) and the plastic plate (7) is arranged in the powder drying box (2).

3. A laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 2, Features: The driving assembly (9) comprises a first connecting shaft (91) whose upper end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box (2), a rotating disk (92) arranged at the lower end of the first connecting shaft (91), five opening slots (93) opened on the circumference of the rotating disk (92) and evenly spaced along the circumference of the rotating disk (92), a first connecting arm (94) connected at one end to the outer wall of the rotating disk (92) at the position of any opening slot (93) and at the other end to the side of the shielding iron plate (8), a driving motor (95) arranged on the inner wall of the powder drying box (2), a connecting disk (96) arranged on the output shaft at the lower end of the driving motor (95), and a driving column (97) arranged at the side of the connecting disk (96) and used to be embedded in the opening slot (93).

4. A laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 3, Features: The shielding iron plate (8) and the corresponding first connecting arm (94) are both provided in two numbers and are respectively located at the positions of two spaced-apart opening slots (93).

5. The laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 3, Features: An arc groove (921) recessed toward the center of the rotating disk (92) is provided on the circumferential side of the rotating disk (92) and located between two adjacent opening grooves (93); a positioning disk (961) having an outer diameter equal to the arc diameter of the arc groove (921) is provided on the outer wall of the connecting disk (96); and an anti-interference groove (962) is provided on the positioning disk (961) and located on one side of the driving column (97).

6. The laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 2, Features: A second connecting arm (721) connected to the connecting plate (71) is provided at a side edge of the magnet plate (72); the magnet plate (72) is circular and its projection on the electric heating plate (3) is located at the center of the electric heating plate (3).

7. The laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 3, Features: The connecting plate (96) is a gear plate, and the air supply member (46) comprises a second connecting shaft (461) whose upper end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box (2), a driven gear (462) arranged on the second connecting shaft (461) and meshing with the connecting plate (96), a first bevel gear (463) arranged at the lower end of the second connecting shaft (461), a third connecting shaft (464) whose one end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the powder drying box (2), a second bevel gear (465) arranged on the third connecting shaft (464) and meshing with the first bevel gear (463), an impeller (466) arranged at the end of the third connecting shaft (464), a guide sleeve (467) arranged on the inner wall of the powder drying box (2) and sleeved on the impeller (466), and a bellows (468) whose one end is connected to the guide sleeve (467) and whose other end is connected to the blowing pipe (44).

8. The laser additive and subtractive printer according to claim 7, Features: The outer diameter of the driven gear (462) is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting disk (96).

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