A multi-mode magnetic field induction control device and control method for hydrogen production by alkali solution electrolysis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-modal magnetic field induction control device and control method for alkali solution electrolysis hydrogen production, the device includes an external power supply, an alkali solution electrolyzer, a plurality of hollow plates and a plurality of electromagnets arranged inside the alkali solution electrolyzer, wherein the middle of the hollow plate is hollowed out, and together with the bottom of the plate shell of the hollow plate, a hollow space is formed; a plurality of electromagnets are arranged in the hollow space, and the electromagnets are wound with coils; the external power supply is respectively connected to the coil and the hollow plate to form an electromagnetic field power supply system and an electrolysis power supply system; the electromagnetic field power supply system is used to power the electromagnet to output an electromagnetic field of arbitrary waveform and amplitude; the electrolysis power supply system is used to power the electrolytic cell stack composed of the hollow plate to realize electrolytic hydrogen production. The present invention uses an alternating magnetic field to generate eddy currents to promote the heating of the plate, thereby promoting the rapid cold start of the electrolyzer, and can maintain the temperature of the tank body; a constant magnetic field is used in the hydrogen production process to improve the efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of operation of hydrogen-electricity coupling systems in the field of new energy, and in particular relates to a multi-modal magnetic field induction control device and a control method for hydrogen production by alkaline solution electrolysis. Background Art

[0002] With the development of renewable energy such as solar and wind power, traditional power systems are facing challenges such as reduced system inertia and shortage of flexible resources. In order to reduce the pressure on the power system, it is necessary to use large-scale energy storage systems to cope with the fluctuations of wind and solar energy. In recent years, hydrogen energy storage has attracted widespread attention. The use of renewable energy to produce hydrogen can alleviate the pressure on the power system and interact with the power grid in a friendly manner as a flexible resource. On the one hand, hydrogen production by water electrolysis does not produce any pollutants; on the other hand, it can be stored for a long time without leakage, which is better than battery energy storage. Compared with other types of electrolyzers, hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolyzers is considered to be the most feasible solution for industrial applications due to its maturity and low cost. In the future, alkaline water electrolyzers are most likely to be used for large-scale hydrogen production from renewable energy.

[0003] Adding a magnetic field during the process of hydrogen evolution from water electrolysis can effectively reduce the critical size of bubbles on the electrode surface, reduce the bubble coverage on the electrode surface, and improve the efficiency of hydrogen evolution from water electrolysis. Studies have shown that the introduction of an external magnetic field can enhance mass transfer in the electrolytic cell and reduce the ohmic voltage drop between the electrodes during water electrolysis, especially in alkaline solutions and at high current densities, where the voltage of the electrolytic cell is significantly reduced. This change is actually caused by the electrolyte convection driven by the Lorentz force. The interaction between the current and the magnetic field produces a directional Lorentz force, which drives the eddy currents around the bubbles and generates magnetohydrodynamic convection. The additional convection on the electrolyte can effectively reduce the harmful effects of bubble accumulation on the electrode surface, thereby promoting hydrogen evolution from water electrolysis. However, on the one hand, the current research on the use of external magnetic fields in hydrogen production from water electrolysis is limited to laboratory research, and there is no clear solution for specific engineering implementation; on the other hand, the research on the embedding of electromagnetic fields into industrial alkali electrolyzers does not consider the influence of high-frequency magnetic fields on the eddy current effect of the plates. In fact, current academic research on improving electrolysis efficiency due to high-frequency magnetic fields may lead to eddy current effects in industrial hydrogen production, which in turn causes electromagnetic power to be wasted on heating the electrolyzer, which has an adverse effect on the industrial application of magnetic fields. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-modal magnetic field induction control device and control method for hydrogen production by electrolysis of alkaline solution in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention solves the problem that the traditional alternating magnetic field is difficult to apply to hydrogen production by electrolysis in industrial electrolyzers, making it possible to apply electromagnetic fields in industrial electrolyzers at low cost and high efficiency.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-modal magnetic field induction control device for hydrogen production by alkaline solution electrolysis, comprising:

[0006] an alkali solution electrolytic cell, the interior of which is filled with alkali solution;

[0007] A plurality of hollow electrode plates are arranged inside the alkaline solution electrolytic cell, each of the hollow electrode plates comprises an electrode plate shell, the middle of the hollow electrode plate is hollowed out, and together with the bottom of the electrode plate shell, a hollow space is formed;

[0008] A plurality of electromagnets are arranged in the hollow spaces of the hollow pole plates, and the electromagnets are wound with coils; and

[0009] An external power source is connected to the coil and the hollow plate respectively, the external power source is connected to the coil to form an electromagnetic field power supply system, and the external power source is connected to the hollow plate to form an electrolysis power supply system;

[0010] Among them, the electromagnetic field power supply system is used to power the electromagnet to output an electromagnetic field of arbitrary waveform and amplitude; the electrolysis power supply system is used to power the electrolytic cell stack composed of multiple hollow plates to achieve hydrogen production by electrolysis.

[0011] Furthermore, the pole plate shell includes an outer electrolytic layer and an inner magnetic conductive layer, the outer electrolytic layer is made of platinum-nickel alloy, the inner magnetic conductive layer is made of silicon steel, and the inner magnetic conductive layer and the hollow space are covered with insulating material.

[0012] Furthermore, the electromagnet is a micro electromagnet; the magnetic cores of the multiple electromagnets are parallel to each other, and the magnetic cores are perpendicular to the hollow pole plates; the multiple electromagnets are not evenly placed in the hollow space, and in the hollow space, the density of the electromagnets gradually increases from the top to the bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the excitation power supply of the electromagnet is connected in parallel, that is, a plurality of coils wound on the electromagnet are connected in parallel and then connected to an external power supply.

[0014] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed on the alkali solution electrolytic cell, and the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell in real time.

[0015] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for the above-mentioned multi-modal magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkaline solution electrolysis, comprising the following steps:

[0016] (1) Real-time collection of the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell;

[0017] (2) The operation mode of the electromagnet is determined based on the temperature of the alkali liquid electrolyzer. Specifically, when the temperature of the alkali liquid electrolyzer is less than or equal to the temperature threshold of the alkali liquid electrolyzer that allows the electrolysis reaction, the operation mode of the electromagnet is the cold start mode. Based on the control strategy in the cold start mode, all the external input power is used as the excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field; when the temperature of the alkali liquid electrolyzer is greater than the temperature threshold of the alkali liquid electrolyzer that allows the electrolysis reaction, the operation mode of the electromagnet is the hot operation mode. Based on the control strategy in the hot operation mode, part of the external input power is used as the electrolysis power for electrolysis to produce hydrogen, and the other part of the power is used as the excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field.

[0018] Further, the cold start mode is specifically: when the operation mode of the electromagnet is the cold start mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a sine wave, and the electromagnet generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the sine wave excitation current, and eddy currents are generated on the hollow pole plate through the alternating magnetic field to promote the cold start of the alkali solution electrolyzer;

[0019] The thermal operation mode is specifically as follows: when the operation mode of the electromagnet is the thermal operation mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a DC wave, and the electromagnet generates a constant magnetic field under the action of the DC wave, and the electric field change of the alkali solution electrolyzer is changed through the action of the constant magnetic field, so that the ions in the alkali solution are gathered near the hollow electrode plate, thereby promoting electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0020] Furthermore, the control strategy in the cold start mode specifically includes: firstly performing Park transformation on the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current output by the electromagnetic field power supply system to obtain the active component and reactive component in the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current; then determining the active power component and reactive power component in the excitation power based on the active component and reactive component in the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current; then implementing the control of the power outer loop based on the active power component and reactive power component to obtain the inner loop d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current; secondly implementing the control of the current inner loop based on the inner loop d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current to obtain the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave; then converting the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave into the inverter modulation wave through Park inverse transformation; finally outputting the inverter modulation wave to the control circuit of the electromagnetic field power supply system to control the excitation current of the electromagnet;

[0021] The control strategy in the thermal operation mode specifically includes: controlling the electrolysis power and excitation power in the external input power to control the electrolysis power supply system and the electromagnetic field power supply system to work simultaneously, generating a constant magnetic field during the operation of the electromagnetic field power supply system, and producing hydrogen by electrolysis under the action of the constant magnetic field during the operation of the electrolysis power supply system.

[0022] Furthermore, the calculation formulas for the active power component and the reactive power component in the excitation power are respectively:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] in, Indicates the excitation power The active power component in Indicates the excitation power The reactive power component in and Represents sinusoidal voltage The active and reactive components in and Represents sinusoidal current The active and reactive components in ;

[0026] The control law of the power outer loop is:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] in, and They represent the inner ring d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current respectively, and the d-axis and q-axis represent active power and reactive power respectively; represents the PI controller of active power, s is the Laplace operator, represents the proportionality factor of the PI controller for active power, The integral coefficient of the PI controller representing the active power; represents the PI controller for reactive power, represents the proportionality factor of the PI controller for reactive power, Integral coefficient of the PI controller representing reactive power; and Respectively represent the reference values ​​of active power component and reactive power component in the excitation power;

[0030] The control law of the current inner loop is:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] in, and They represent the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave respectively; represents the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current, represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current, represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current; represents the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current, represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current, Indicates the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current; and They represent the d-axis component and q-axis component of the excitation current respectively.

[0034] Furthermore, the electrolysis power supply system is a Buck converter circuit, which includes an inductor , polarized capacitor , Fast Recovery Diode and FET , the control law of the Buck converter circuit is:

[0035]

[0036] in, Represents the modulation wave of the Buck converter circuit; Represents the PI controller of the Buck converter circuit, Represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the Buck converter circuit, Indicates the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the Buck converter circuit; Indicates the reference value of electrolysis power, Indicates the real-time value of electrolysis power;

[0037] The control law of the electromagnetic field power supply system is:

[0038]

[0039] in, Represents the modulated wave of the electromagnetic field power supply system; represents the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system, represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system, Represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system; Indicates the reference value of excitation power, Indicates the real-time value of excitation power.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts an alternating magnetic field during the cold start of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer, and utilizes the principle that eddy current promotes heating of the pole plate to form an alternating magnetic field; the present invention adopts a constant magnetic field during the hydrogen production process, and the use of the magnetic field can improve the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolysis; the use of the present invention can, on the one hand, realize rapid cold start and hot start of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer, which is helpful to maintain the temperature of the cell body, and on the other hand, can improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer; the present invention utilizes an electromagnetic field to promote hydrogen production by alkaline liquid electrolysis, and promotes the temperature rise of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer in the cold start mode by controlling the alternating electromagnetic field; and improves the hydrogen production efficiency by alkaline liquid electrolysis in the hot operation mode by controlling the constant electromagnetic field intensity; the present invention improves the cell body, and the cost and technical requirements of the required process are not high, it is easy to implement, and is suitable for large-scale application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the alkali solution electrolyzer in the multi-modal magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali solution electrolysis of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a system diagram of the alkali solution electrolyzer in the multi-modal magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali solution electrolysis of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 The present invention is a flow chart of the control algorithm of the multi-modal magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali solution electrolysis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] The terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" used in the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0046] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present invention to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0047] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0048] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-modal magnetic field induction control device for alkali solution electrolysis hydrogen production of the present invention specifically includes an alkali solution electrolytic cell, a plurality of hollow plates, a plurality of electromagnets and an external power supply. The innovation of the alkali solution electrolytic cell lies in its hollow plates and control strategy. Among them, the interior of the alkali solution electrolytic cell is filled with alkali solution; a plurality of hollow plates are arranged inside the alkali solution electrolytic cell, each hollow plate includes a plate shell, the middle of the hollow plate is hollowed out, and together with the bottom of the plate shell, a hollow space is formed; the external power supply is respectively connected to the coil and the hollow plate, the external power supply is connected to the coil to form an electromagnetic field power supply system, and the external power supply is connected to the hollow plate to form an electrolysis power supply system. The electromagnetic field power supply system is used to power the electromagnet to output an electromagnetic field of arbitrary waveform and amplitude. The electrolysis power supply system is used to power the electrolytic cell stack composed of a plurality of hollow plates to achieve electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0049] It should be understood that Figure 2 It can be seen that the electromagnetic field power supply system and the electrolysis power supply system share a common external power supply and are both controlled by a lumped control system.

[0050] Furthermore, the plate shell includes an outer electrolytic layer and an inner magnetic conductive layer. Among them, the material of the inner magnetic conductive layer is silicon steel material, which is a high-quality magnetic conductive material. The material of the outer electrolytic layer is platinum-nickel alloy. Pure platinum is a high-quality electrolytic catalyst, which plays a role in catalytic electrolysis. However, the magnetism of pure platinum is weak. Considering the catalytic ability, cost and magnetic conductivity, nickel material is doped in platinum. Therefore, platinum-nickel alloy is selected as the material of the outer electrolytic layer. The hollow space and the inner magnetic conductive layer are covered with insulating materials, such as insulating paint and other materials.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to save investment costs, the electromagnet is a micro electromagnet, which can effectively reduce the volume of the alkali solution electrolytic cell. The magnetic cores of multiple electromagnets are parallel to each other, and the magnetic cores are perpendicular to the hollow pole plate, so that the electromagnetic field directions output by all electromagnets are the same. Multiple electromagnets are not placed evenly in the hollow space. In the hollow space, the density of the electromagnets gradually increases from the top to the bottom, that is, at the bottom of the hollow pole plate, the density of the arranged electromagnets is higher due to the higher current density; and at the top of the hollow pole plate, the density of the arranged electromagnets is lower due to the lower current density.

[0052] Furthermore, the excitation power supply of the electromagnet is connected in parallel, that is, a plurality of electromagnets are connected in parallel through coils wound thereon and then connected to an external power supply, so that the waveform of the output electromagnetic field is the same and the control of the electromagnet is simpler.

[0053] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed on the alkali solution electrolytic cell, and the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell in real time.

[0054] It is worth mentioning that the embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method for a multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali electrolysis, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0055] (1) Real-time collection of the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell .

[0056] Specifically, the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell can be collected in real time by a temperature sensor installed on the alkali solution electrolytic cell. .

[0057] (2) Based on the temperature of the alkali electrolytic cell Determine the operating mode of the electromagnet, specifically: when the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell Less than or equal to the temperature threshold of the alkaline solution electrolytic cell allowing electrolysis reaction , then the operation mode of the electromagnet is the cold start mode. Based on the control strategy in the cold start mode, all the external input power is used as the excitation power for the electromagnet to generate the electromagnetic field; when the temperature of the alkali solution electrolyzer Greater than the temperature threshold of the alkaline solution electrolytic cell allowing electrolysis reaction , then the operation mode of the electromagnet is the thermal operation mode. Based on the control strategy in the thermal operation mode, part of the external input power is used as electrolysis power for electrolysis to produce hydrogen, and the other part of the power is used as excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field.

[0058] It should be noted that since the alkaline liquid electrolyzer is usually operated in a large electrolytic hydrogen production base, the power supply of the hydrogen production base is usually direct current. Therefore, the electrolysis power supply system is a DC conversion circuit; the electromagnetic field power supply system has two sets, namely the DC conversion circuit and the inverter circuit. Among them, the selection of the DC conversion circuit and the inverter circuit depends on the operating mode of the electromagnet. The operating modes of the electromagnet include cold start mode and hot operation mode.

[0059] Furthermore, the cold start mode is specifically as follows: when the operating mode of the electromagnet is the cold start mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a sine wave, and the electromagnet generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the sinusoidal excitation current, and eddy currents are generated on the hollow pole plates through the alternating magnetic field, thereby generating a large amount of heat to promote the cold start of the alkali solution electrolyzer.

[0060] Furthermore, the thermal operation mode is specifically as follows: when the operation mode of the electromagnet is the thermal operation mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a DC wave, and the electromagnet generates a constant magnetic field under the action of the DC wave, which changes the electric field change of the alkali solution electrolyzer through the action of the constant magnetic field, thereby changing the ion distribution in the alkali solution, so that the ions gather near the hollow plate, thereby promoting hydrogen production by electrolysis.

[0061] Specifically, the operating mode of the electromagnet is selected by the temperature of the alkali solution electrolysis cell. When the electromagnet is in cold start mode, the temperature of the alkali solution electrolyzer is relatively cold, the corresponding electrolysis efficiency will be very low, and the impurity content of the gas is very high. If hydrogen is still produced, there is a risk of explosion. Therefore, in the cold start mode, hydrogen is not produced by electrolysis, but all the external input power is used to generate the electromagnetic field. At this time, the external input power is , where the electrolytic power drops to zero, and the external input power is all used to generate the magnetic field of the electromagnet, that is , ;in represents the electrolysis power, Indicates the excitation power. When the electromagnet is in the hot operation mode, the electrolysis efficiency of the alkali solution electrolyzer is high enough, and the content of impurity gas in the produced gas is low, so the electrolysis hydrogen production operation can be carried out. At this time, the external power supply supplies power to the electromagnet and the alkali solution electrolyzer at the same time, that is, the electromagnetic field power supply system and the electrolysis system are powered at the same time. Part of the external input power is used as electrolysis power for electrolysis hydrogen production, and the other part of the power is used as excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field, that is, ; Among them, at a certain temperature of the alkali solution electrolyzer, the electrolysis efficiency of the alkali solution electrolyzer will be affected by the combined influence of the electromagnetic field strength and the electrolysis power. In the thermal operation mode, the electromagnetic field power supply system outputs a DC excitation current to generate a constant magnetic field, which will change the ion distribution in the alkali solution and promote the electrolysis of hydrogen. In the thermal operation mode, the excitation power and electrolysis power The allocation of is calculated by optimization algorithms such as particle swarm and grey wolf algorithm.

[0062] Furthermore, the control strategy in the cold start mode specifically includes: firstly, the sinusoidal voltage output by the electromagnetic field power supply system and sinusoidal current Perform Park transformation to obtain sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current active and reactive components in; then based on the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current The active and reactive components in the excitation power are used to determine the excitation power. The active power component in and reactive power components ; Then based on the active power component and reactive power components Realize the control of the power outer loop and obtain the inner loop d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current ; Secondly, based on the inner ring d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current Realize the control of the current inner loop and obtain the d-axis component of the inverter modulation wave and the q-axis component ; Then use PARK inverse transformation to convert the d-axis component of the inverter modulation wave and the q-axis component Convert to inverter modulation wave ; Finally, the inverter modulation wave Output to the control circuit of the electromagnetic field power supply system to control the excitation current of the electromagnet .

[0063] It should be noted that in the cold start mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a sine wave, and the control strategy of the sine wave is vector control. PARK transformation is a coordinate transformation method that converts the phasor into d-axis, q-axis and 0-axis variables. In general, the d-axis current represents the active current, the q-axis represents the reactive current, and the 0-axis current is an unbalanced current, and the 0-axis current is generally not considered.

[0064] It should be understood that in the cold start mode, all the external input power is used as excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field. The electromagnet generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the excitation current, and eddy currents are generated on the hollow pole plate through the alternating magnetic field. The generation of eddy currents consumes active power. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the excitation power. The active power component in and reactive power components The control of eddy current includes two loops, namely the power outer loop and the current inner loop. Through the control of the power outer loop and the current inner loop, the excitation current can be controlled, and then the eddy current can be controlled.

[0065] Furthermore, the excitation power The active power component in and reactive power components The calculation formulas are:

[0066] (1)

[0067] (2)

[0068] in, Indicates the excitation power The active power component in Indicates the excitation power The reactive power component in and Represents sinusoidal voltage The active and reactive components in and Represents sinusoidal current The active and reactive components in .

[0069] Furthermore, the control law of the power outer loop is:

[0070] (3)

[0071] (4)

[0072] in, and They represent the inner ring d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current respectively, and the d-axis and q-axis represent active power and reactive power respectively; represents the PI controller of active power, s is the Laplace operator, represents the proportionality factor of the PI controller for active power, The integral coefficient of the PI controller representing the active power; represents the PI controller for reactive power, represents the proportionality factor of the PI controller for reactive power, Integral coefficient of the PI controller representing reactive power; and They respectively represent the reference values ​​of the active power component and reactive power component in the excitation power.

[0073] Furthermore, the control law of the current inner loop is:

[0074] (5)

[0075] (6)

[0076] in, and They represent the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave respectively; represents the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current, represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current, represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current; represents the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current, represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current, Indicates the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current; and They represent the d-axis component and q-axis component of the excitation current respectively.

[0077] Furthermore, the control strategy in the thermal operation mode specifically includes: controlling the external input power The electrolysis power and excitation power The electrolysis power supply system and the electromagnetic field power supply system are controlled to work simultaneously. The electromagnetic field power supply system generates a constant magnetic field during operation. The electrolysis power supply system produces hydrogen by electrolysis under the action of the constant magnetic field during operation.

[0078] It should be understood that the excitation power and electrolysis power It needs to be reasonably allocated to determine the excitation power and electrolysis power To determine the respective values, it is necessary to measure in advance the law of how the electrolysis efficiency of the alkali solution electrolyzer at different temperatures changes with the electrolysis power, as well as the influence of the electromagnetic field on the electrolysis efficiency under different temperature conditions. Combining these two factors, the particle swarm algorithm, gray wolf algorithm and other optimization algorithms are used to determine the reference value of the excitation power. and reference values ​​of electrolysis power . Then based on the reference value of the excitation power and reference values ​​of electrolysis power , and then combine the effects of different external input power and temperature on excitation power and electrolysis power Real-time calculations are performed, corresponding to the control laws of the electromagnetic field power supply system and the electrolysis power supply system.

[0079] Furthermore, the electrolysis power supply system is a Buck converter circuit, which includes an inductor , polarized capacitor , Fast Recovery Diode and FET , the control law of the Buck converter circuit is:

[0080] (7)

[0081] in, Represents the modulation wave of the electrolysis power supply system / Buck converter circuit; Represents the PI controller of the electrolysis power supply system / Buck converter circuit, Represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the electrolysis power supply system / Buck converter circuit, Indicates the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the electrolysis power supply system / Buck converter circuit; Indicates the reference value of electrolysis power, Indicates the real-time value of electrolysis power.

[0082] It should be understood that the voltage of the combined lye electrolyzer and current Calculate the electrolysis power , to realize the control of the electrolysis power supply system.

[0083] Furthermore, the inverter circuit of the electromagnetic field power supply system is composed of a three-phase filter inductor , six-arm switch tube and DC filter capacitors First, the sinusoidal voltage output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is obtained through PARK transformation. and sinusoidal current The active and reactive components in the magnetizing power are calculated according to formulas (1) and (2). The active power component in and reactive power components ; Then based on the active power component and reactive power components The control of the power outer loop is realized, wherein the control law of the power outer loop is shown in formula (3) and formula (4), and then the control of the current inner loop is realized, wherein the control law of the current inner loop is shown in formula (5) and formula (6), and finally the eddy current is controlled to obtain the d-axis component of the inverter modulation wave and the q-axis component ; Then, the d-axis component of the inverter modulation wave is converted to and the q-axis component Convert to six-arm switch Modulation wave ; Finally, the six bridge arm switch tube Modulation wave The six-bridge switch tube in the inverter circuit outputting to the electromagnetic field power supply system , to control the excitation current of the electromagnet By combining electromagnetic field voltage and excitation current Calculate the excitation power , to achieve excitation power The control is specifically realized through the control law of the electromagnetic field power supply system, and the control law of the electromagnetic field power supply system is:

[0084] (8)

[0085] in, Represents the modulated wave of the electromagnetic field power supply system; represents the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system, represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system, Represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system; Indicates the reference value of excitation power, Indicates the real-time value of excitation power.

[0086] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for hydrogen production by alkali electrolysis, characterized in that: include: an alkali solution electrolytic cell, the interior of which is filled with alkali solution; A plurality of hollow electrode plates are arranged inside the alkaline solution electrolytic cell, each of the hollow electrode plates comprises an electrode plate shell, the middle of the hollow electrode plate is hollowed out, and together with the bottom of the electrode plate shell, a hollow space is formed; A plurality of electromagnets are arranged in the hollow spaces of the hollow pole plates, and the electromagnets are wound with coils; and An external power source is connected to the coil and the hollow plate respectively, the external power source is connected to the coil to form an electromagnetic field power supply system, and the external power source is connected to the hollow plate to form an electrolysis power supply system; Among them, the electromagnetic field power supply system is used to power the electromagnet to output an electromagnetic field of arbitrary waveform and amplitude; the electrolysis power supply system is used to power the electrolytic cell stack composed of multiple hollow plates to achieve hydrogen production by electrolysis.

2. The multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali solution electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate shell includes an outer electrolytic layer and an inner magnetic conductive layer. The material of the outer electrolytic layer is a platinum-nickel alloy, the material of the inner magnetic conductive layer is a silicon steel material, and the inner magnetic conductive layer and the hollow space are covered with an insulating material.

3. The multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet is a micro electromagnet; the magnetic cores of the multiple electromagnets are parallel to each other, and the magnetic cores are perpendicular to the hollow pole plates; the multiple electromagnets are not evenly placed in the hollow space, and in the hollow space, the density of the electromagnets gradually increases from the top to the bottom.

4. The multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali solution electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation power supply of the electromagnet is connected in parallel, that is, a plurality of coils wound on the electromagnet are connected in parallel and then connected to an external power supply.

5. The multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by alkali electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is also installed on the alkali solution electrolytic cell, and the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell in real time.

6. A control method for a multi-mode magnetic field induction control device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of alkaline solution according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Real-time collection of the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell; (2) The operation mode of the electromagnet is determined based on the temperature of the alkali solution electrolytic cell. Specifically, when the temperature T el When the temperature of the alkali liquid electrolyzer is less than or equal to the temperature threshold of the electrolysis reaction allowed by the alkali liquid electrolyzer, the operation mode of the electromagnet is the cold start mode. Based on the control strategy in the cold start mode, all the external input power is used as the excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field; when the temperature of the alkali liquid electrolyzer is greater than the temperature threshold of the electrolysis reaction allowed by the alkali liquid electrolyzer, the operation mode of the electromagnet is the hot operation mode. Based on the control strategy in the hot operation mode, part of the external input power is used as the electrolysis power for electrolysis and hydrogen production, and the other part of the power is used as the excitation power for the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic field; Among them, the control strategy in the cold start mode specifically includes: firstly, performing Park transformation on the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current output by the electromagnetic field power supply system to obtain the active component and reactive component in the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current; then determining the active power component and reactive power component in the excitation power based on the active component and reactive component in the sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current; then, implementing the control of the power outer loop based on the active power component and reactive power component to obtain the inner loop d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current; secondly, implementing the control of the current inner loop based on the inner loop d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current to obtain the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave; then converting the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave into the inverter modulation wave through Park inverse transformation; finally, outputting the inverter modulation wave to the control circuit of the electromagnetic field power supply system to control the excitation current of the electromagnet; The control strategy in the thermal operation mode specifically includes: controlling the electrolysis power and excitation power in the external input power to control the electrolysis power supply system and the electromagnetic field power supply system to work simultaneously, generating a constant magnetic field during the operation of the electromagnetic field power supply system, and producing hydrogen by electrolysis under the action of the constant magnetic field during the operation of the electrolysis power supply system.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cold start mode is specifically: when the operation mode of the electromagnet is the cold start mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a sine wave, and the electromagnet generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the sine wave excitation current, and eddy currents are generated on the hollow pole plate through the alternating magnetic field to promote the cold start of the alkali solution electrolyzer; The thermal operation mode is specifically as follows: when the operation mode of the electromagnet is the thermal operation mode, the current waveform output by the electromagnetic field power supply system is a DC wave, and the electromagnet generates a constant magnetic field under the action of the DC wave, and the electric field change of the alkali solution electrolyzer is changed through the action of the constant magnetic field, so that the ions in the alkali solution are gathered near the hollow electrode plate, thereby promoting electrolytic hydrogen production.

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formulas for the active power component and the reactive power component in the excitation power are respectively: P meg,d =U meg,d *AND meg,d P meg,q =U meg,d *AND meg,q -IN meg,q *AND meg,b Among them, P meg,d Indicates the excitation power P meg The active power component in meg,q Indicates the excitation power P meg The reactive power component in meg,d and U meg,q Respectively represent the sinusoidal voltage U meg The active and reactive components in I meg,d and I meg,q Respectively represent the sinusoidal current I meg The active and reactive components in ; The control law of the power outer loop is: Among them, i d,ref and i q,ref They represent the inner ring d-axis reference current and q-axis reference current respectively, and the d-axis and q-axis represent active power and reactive power respectively; represents the PI controller of active power, s is the Laplace operator, k opd The proportionality factor of the PI controller representing the active power, k oid The integral coefficient of the PI controller representing the active power; Represents the PI controller for reactive power, k opq The proportionality factor of the PI controller representing reactive power, k oiq Indicates the integral coefficient of the PI controller for reactive power; P meg,dref and P meg,qref Respectively represent the reference values ​​of active power component and reactive power component in the excitation power; The control law of the current inner loop is: Among them, d d and d q They represent the d-axis component and q-axis component of the inverter modulation wave respectively; represents the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current, k ipd represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current, k iid represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop d-axis current; represents the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current, k ipq represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current, k iiq Indicates the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the inner loop q-axis current; I meg,d and I meg,q They represent the d-axis component and q-axis component of the excitation current respectively.

9. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrolysis power supply system is a Buck converter circuit, which includes an inductor L, a polar capacitor C, a fast recovery diode D1 and a field effect transistor d1. The control law of the Buck converter circuit is: Among them, d ele Represents the modulation wave of the Buck converter circuit; represents the PI controller of the Buck converter circuit, k p,ele Represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the Buck converter circuit, k i,ele Represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the Buck converter circuit; P ele,ref Indicates the reference value of electrolysis power, P ele Indicates the real-time value of electrolysis power; The control law of the electromagnetic field power supply system is: Among them, d meg Represents the modulated wave of the electromagnetic field power supply system; represents the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system, k p,meg represents the proportional coefficient of the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system, k i,meg Represents the integral coefficient of the PI controller of the electromagnetic field power supply system; P meg,ref Indicates the reference value of excitation power, P meg Indicates the real-time value of excitation power.

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