A method for ripening and preserving Trichosanthes fruit

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for ripening and preserving Trichosanthes fruit, and belongs to the technical field of Trichosanthes ripening and processing. The present invention shade-dries the unripe Trichosanthes fruit epidermis, and then puts the shade-dried Trichosanthes fruit into a megasonic treatment tank and performs megasonic treatment respectively in the presence of a ripening liquid and activated carbon as a medium, separates the pulp, Trichosanthes seed, and Trichosanthes peel of the Trichosanthes fruit after the megasonic treatment, shade-dries, seals and places for ripening after sterilization, and then dries in the sun or bakes, and seals and preserves. The present invention further ripens and preserves the unripe Trichosanthes autumn fruit epidermis, and utilizes a violent acoustic-vibration coupling phenomenon to cause the ripening liquid to penetrate into the Trichosanthes peel and the surface of the Trichosanthes seed, while minimizing the damage to the pulp, thereby improving the ripening effect; the ripened Trichosanthes seed has a high hardness and a high browning rate, making it suitable for subsequent frying and processing production; the ripened Trichosanthes peel has a good color and a non-astringent taste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for ripening and preserving trichosanthes seeds, and belongs to the technical field of ripening and processing of trichosanthes seeds. Background Art

[0002] Trichosanthes kirilowii is also called medicinal melon, and its scientific name is Trichosanthes kirilowii. Its whole body is a treasure. The melon shell can be used as medicine, and the mature Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds can be used as health and leisure food after being dried, and the roots of Trichosanthes kirilowii can be made into Radix Trichosanthis, which has great utilization value and high economic benefits.

[0003] The best time to pick Trichosanthes is when the fruit is fully ripe, when the surface of the fruit turns yellow, and even when turtleback patterns appear. If the Trichosanthes is picked too early, the inside of the fruit has not fully developed, the taste is not good, and the fragrance is insufficient, which affects the taste. When picking Trichosanthes, be careful to place it gently to avoid damaging the fruit. At the same time, be sure to cut off the fruit stalk when picking, and be careful not to damage the fruit, otherwise it will rot easily. After picking, Trichosanthes should be stored in time and should not be left for a long time. Trichosanthes is more susceptible to moisture, so you can wipe it dry and then place it in a cool and dry place to prevent it from deteriorating.

[0004] There are two types of Trichosanthes fruits: summer fruit and autumn fruit. The fruit before the beginning of autumn is called summer fruit, and the fruit after the beginning of autumn is called autumn fruit. The beginning of autumn is from August 7 to 9 every year, after which the temperature gradually drops from the hottest. If the flowers are allowed to grow naturally and bloom and bear fruit after autumn, the intensity of photosynthesis will decrease due to factors such as season and growth period, resulting in insufficient filling of summer fruit in the early stage, a high rate of white seeds, and autumn fruit that generally cannot mature normally. Most of the fruit grains in autumn are white seeds. The green fruit rate and white seed rate remain high, resulting in low quality and low yield of Trichosanthes. General ripening techniques are:

[0005] The ripening technology of Trichosanthes kirilowii mainly involves spraying sodium bisulfite aqueous solution or sodium bisulfite and ethephon mixed aqueous solution five times at intervals during the flowering and fruiting period of the autumn fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii. This technology is carried out during the flowering and fruiting period of the autumn fruit from early August to early October, with the beginning of autumn as the boundary point. In this way, it can not only ensure that the summer fruit matures on schedule and the seeds are full, but also maximize the yield of autumn fruit and reduce the green fruit rate of autumn fruit, thereby achieving quality improvement and yield increase, bringing huge yield increase potential and economic benefits to melon farmers.

[0006] However, the above-mentioned ripening technology has the following defects:

[0007] The fruit skin of Trichosanthes kirilowii will not be fully mature. When collecting Trichosanthes kirilowii from fruit farmers, there will be a batch of Trichosanthes kirilowii whose fruit skin is not fully mature. These Trichosanthes kirilowii are usually mixed with mature Trichosanthes kirilowii. If not processed, it will easily lead to waste.

[0008] Based on the above reasons, how to deal with the incompletely ripened Trichosanthes kirilowii is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for ripening and preserving Trichosanthes seeds, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0010] A method for ripening and preserving Trichosanthes fruit comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1, sifting out the immature Trichosanthes fruit skins, cutting multiple "X" or "Y" shaped incisions on the immature Trichosanthes fruit skins with a knife, the incisions extending to the pulp, and drying in the shade for 1 day to obtain shade-dried Trichosanthes fruit;

[0012] Step 2, putting the dried Trichosanthes fruits into a megasonic treatment tank, pouring a ripening liquid into the megasonic treatment tank until all the Trichosanthes fruits are completely submerged, and sealing the tank with a lid; performing a first megasonic vibration operation, after the first megasonic vibration operation is completed, opening the tank lid of the megasonic treatment tank, pouring out and cleaning all the materials in the megasonic treatment tank, taking out and drying all the Trichosanthes fruits, sterilizing them with ultraviolet rays, putting the sterilized Trichosanthes fruits back into the megasonic treatment tank, and then pouring activated carbon into the megasonic treatment tank until all the Trichosanthes fruits are completely covered, sealing the tank with a lid, performing a second megasonic vibration operation, after the second megasonic vibration operation is completed, opening the tank lid of the megasonic treatment tank, taking out all the Trichosanthes fruits and filtering them to obtain the Trichosanthes fruits after megasonic treatment;

[0013] Step 3, the pulp, seeds and peel of the Trichosanthes fruit after megasonic treatment are separated, dried in the shade, sealed and placed for 3 to 5 days for maturation after sterilization, then taken out, screened, and dried in the sun or oven after screening to obtain the semi-finished Trichosanthes seeds and dried Trichosanthes peel, which are canned and sealed for storage.

[0014] As a further improvement, the unripe Trichosanthes fruit skin refers to the Trichosanthes autumn fruit whose surface partly turns yellow but has no turtle back pattern.

[0015] A further improvement is that the megasonic treatment tank includes a metal sealed tank, a base for adapting to the bottom of the metal sealed tank, a vertical vibration plate for supporting the base, and a support seat, the top of the base is provided with a slot adapted to the bottom of the metal sealed tank, the lower part of the base is integrally connected with a triangular seat, the cross-section of the triangular seat is a triangular structure, the upper surface of the triangular seat is horizontally arranged, a first inclined plane is arranged on one side of the triangular seat, and a second inclined plane is arranged on the other side of the triangular seat, at least one megasonic transducer 1 is fixedly mounted on the first inclined plane, and at least one megasonic transducer 2 is fixedly mounted on the second inclined plane; the intersection of the second inclined plane and the first inclined plane is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical vibration plate, and the lower end of the vertical vibration plate is fixedly connected to the support seat.

[0016] As a further improvement, the angle between the second inclined surface and the upper surface of the triangular seat is λ, 25°≤λ≤30°; the angle between the first inclined surface and the upper surface of the triangular seat is θ, 17°≤θ≤23°.

[0017] As a further improvement, the megasonic frequency of the first megasonic transducer is not equal to the megasonic frequency of the second megasonic transducer, and the power of the first megasonic transducer is not equal to the power of the second megasonic transducer.

[0018] In a further improvement, the megasonic frequency of the first megasonic transducer is f1, the megasonic frequency of the second megasonic transducer is f2, the power of the first megasonic transducer is P1, and the power of the second megasonic transducer is P2;

[0019] f1 / f2=λ / θ; 5≤P2 / P1≤6.

[0020] As a further improvement, in step 2, the ratio of the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation to the vibration time of the first megasonic vibration operation is 2-3.

[0021] As a further improvement, the method for preparing the ripening solution comprises the following steps:

[0022] The willow leaves and / or willow bark picked from the willow tree are washed and mashed, diluted with 12 times water, and filtered to obtain willow juice; baking soda is added to the willow juice and stirred to completely dissolve the baking soda, the amount of baking soda added is 1.2% of the mass of the willow juice, heated to 65-70°C for reaction for 45-60 minutes, and the ripening liquid is obtained after cooling.

[0023] As a further improvement, the metal sealed can is made of ferromagnetic material, and the card seat is made of a magnet.

[0024] As a further improvement, the moisture content of the dried Trichosanthes fruit peel is less than or equal to 7%, and the moisture content of the semi-finished Trichosanthes seed is less than or equal to 5%.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] 1. The method for ripening and preserving the seeds of Trichosanthes kirilowii of the present invention can further ripen and preserve a large number of unripe Trichosanthes kirilowii autumn fruits screened out in a factory, by using a triangular stand in combination with a first megasonic transducer and a second megasonic transducer, in addition to a ripening liquid and activated carbon, etc., and by using a violent acoustic-vibration coupling phenomenon to cause the ripening liquid to penetrate into the Trichosanthes kirilowii peel and the surface of the seeds of Trichosanthes kirilowii, while minimizing the damage to the pulp, thereby improving the ripening effect; the ripened seeds of Trichosanthes kirilowii have high hardness and high browning rate, so that they are suitable for subsequent large-scale frying and processing production; the ripened Trichosanthes kirilowii peel has good color, no astringent taste, high degree of ripening, and good taste.

[0027] 2. The present invention is suitable for large-scale, large-volume centralized ripening of a large number of Trichosanthes kirilowii fruits whose fruit skins are immature in factories, and has high efficiency and high application value.

[0028] 3. The ripened semi-finished products of Trichosanthes seeds and dried Trichosanthes peels are sealed in cans to effectively prevent mold (especially aflatoxin), which is suitable for enterprises to produce according to plans. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the megasonic treatment tank of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the megasonic treatment tank of the present invention when no metal sealing tank is installed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more than two; the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Example 1

[0034] A method for ripening and preserving Trichosanthes fruit comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1, sifting out the Trichosanthes kirilowii with immature fruit skins, cutting a plurality of "X" or "Y"-shaped incisions on the fruit skins of the immature Trichosanthes kirilowii with a knife, the incisions extending to the pulp, and drying in the shade for 1 day to obtain shade-dried Trichosanthes kirilowii fruits; the Trichosanthes kirilowii with immature fruit skins refers to the Trichosanthes kirilowii autumn fruits with a portion of the fruit skin turning yellow but without turtle back patterns (a portion here means: the ratio of the yellowing area of ​​the skin to the total area of ​​the fruit skin is less than 20%).

[0036] Step 2, putting the dried Trichosanthes fruits into a megasonic treatment tank, pouring a ripening liquid into the megasonic treatment tank until all the Trichosanthes fruits are completely submerged, and sealing the tank with a lid; performing a first megasonic vibration operation, after the first megasonic vibration operation is completed, opening the tank lid of the megasonic treatment tank, pouring out and cleaning all the materials in the megasonic treatment tank, taking out and drying all the Trichosanthes fruits, sterilizing them with ultraviolet rays, putting the sterilized Trichosanthes fruits back into the megasonic treatment tank, and then pouring activated carbon into the megasonic treatment tank until all the Trichosanthes fruits are completely covered, sealing the tank with a lid, performing a second megasonic vibration operation, after the second megasonic vibration operation is completed, opening the tank lid of the megasonic treatment tank, taking out all the Trichosanthes fruits and filtering them to obtain the Trichosanthes fruits after megasonic treatment;

[0037] Step 3, the pulp, seeds and peel of the megasonic-treated Trichosanthes fruit are separated, dried in the shade, sealed and placed for 3 to 5 days for ripening after sterilization, then taken out, screened, and then sun-dried or dried after qualified screening to obtain a semi-finished product of Trichosanthes seeds and dried Trichosanthes peel, which are canned and sealed for storage. The moisture content of the dried Trichosanthes peel is less than or equal to 7%, and the moisture content of the semi-finished product of Trichosanthes seeds is less than or equal to 5%. Example 2

[0038] Based on Example 1, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the megasonic treatment tank includes a metal sealed tank 10, a base 20 for adapting to the bottom of the metal sealed tank 10, a vertical vibration plate 33 for supporting the base 20, and a support seat 40. The top of the base 20 is provided with a slot adapted to the bottom of the metal sealed tank 10, and the lower part of the base 20 is integrally connected with a triangular seat 30. The cross-section of the triangular seat 30 is a triangular structure, and the upper surface of the triangular seat 30 is horizontally arranged. A first inclined surface 31 is provided on one side of the triangular seat 30, and a second inclined surface 32 is provided on the other side of the triangular seat 30. At least one megasonic transducer 50 is fixedly installed on the first inclined surface 31, and at least one megasonic transducer 60 is fixedly installed on the second inclined surface 32; the intersection of the second inclined surface 32 and the first inclined surface 31 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical vibration plate 33, and the lower end of the vertical vibration plate 33 is fixedly connected to the support seat 40.

[0039] The included angle between the second inclined surface 32 and the upper surface of the triangular seat 30 is λ, 25°≤λ≤30°; the included angle between the first inclined surface 31 and the upper surface of the triangular seat 30 is θ, 17°≤θ≤23°.

[0040] The megasonic frequency of the first megasonic transducer 50 is not equal to the megasonic frequency of the second megasonic transducer 60 , and the power of the first megasonic transducer 50 is not equal to the power of the second megasonic transducer 60 .

[0041] The megasonic frequency of the first megasonic transducer 50 is f1, the megasonic frequency of the second megasonic transducer 60 is f2, the power of the first megasonic transducer 50 is P1, and the power of the second megasonic transducer 60 is P2;

[0042] f1 / f2=λ / θ; 5≤P2 / P1≤6.

[0043] In this embodiment, due to the megasonic vibration of the megasonic transducer 1 50 and the megasonic transducer 2 60, and due to the special structure of the triangular seat 30, megasonic vibration can be applied to the metal sealed can 10 on the triangular seat 30 and the trichosanthes fruit therein. In the early stage, the megasonic vibration combined with the ripening liquid can first perform shallow ripening; in the later stage, the megasonic vibration combined with the activated carbon with a particle size of less than 0.5 cm can perform post-ripening, and finally the trichosanthes peel and a part of the trichosanthes seeds can be ripened, and the ripening effect is good.

[0044] The existence of the vertical vibration plate 33 enables the triangular seat 30 to swing left and right (relative to the vertical vibration plate 33) when subjected to megasonic vibrations of different frequencies and intensities. Figure 1 ), so as to apply sound waves and vibrations to the metal sealed can 10 to the maximum extent, so as to promote more intense acoustic-vibration coupling, which is conducive to ripening. For example, various enzymes (amylase), soluble sugars, various components of Trichosanthes kirilowii and microorganisms have multiple effects, so that the properties of Trichosanthes kirilowii change.

[0045] The preparation method of the ripening liquid comprises the following steps:

[0046] The willow leaves and / or willow bark picked from the willow tree are washed and mashed, diluted with 12 times water, and filtered to obtain willow juice; baking soda is added to the willow juice and stirred to completely dissolve the baking soda, heated to 65-70° C. for reaction for 45-60 minutes, and cooled to obtain the ripening liquid.

[0047] Characterization Test

[0048] 1. Trichosanthes seeds hardness test

[0049] If the seeds of Trichosanthes are immature, especially the white seeds (white Trichosanthes seeds), their hardness is very low; even the light yellow seeds have limited hardness; usually the dark yellow or brown seeds have sufficient hardness (the maximum piercing force is generally greater than 75N), indicating that the seeds are mature enough and are also conducive to subsequent frying and processing. If the seeds of Trichosanthes are not hard enough, they will have a cottony texture and a very poor taste when they are subsequently fried.

[0050] The puncture test method was used to test the hardness of Trichosanthes seeds. A flat needle with a diameter of 0.7 mm was used to puncture the Trichosanthes seeds placed on the needle plate, and the maximum force during the puncture process (which was the maximum puncture force) was recorded.

[0051] Select Trichosanthes seeds of relatively consistent size and weigh them with an electronic balance. Select 60 Trichosanthes seeds with a weight difference within 0.5g for measurement. When the maximum puncture force is greater than 75N, mark them as qualified. Record the number of Trichosanthes seeds that pass the hardness test and calculate the qualified rate of Trichosanthes seeds hardness. Measure three times and take the average.

[0052] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0053]

[0054] Test A0: In this example, the first megasonic transducer 50 and the second megasonic transducer 60 are not started, and the rest remain unchanged, which is the same as Example 2.

[0055] Test A1: θ=20°, f1=2.1MHz, P1=860W; λ=28°, f2=1.5MHz, P2=4730W. The vibration time of the first megasonic vibration operation is 15 minutes, and the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation is 30 minutes. The rest is the same as Example 2.

[0056] Test A2: θ=20°, f1=1.5MHz, P1=860W; λ=20°, f2=1.5MHz, P2=4730W. The vibration time of the first megasonic vibration operation is 15 minutes, and the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation is 30 minutes. The rest is the same as Example 2.

[0057] Test A3: θ=20°, f1=2.1MHz, P1=4730W; λ=28°, f2=1.5MHz, P2=4730W. The vibration time of the first megasonic vibration operation is 15 minutes, and the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation is 30 minutes. The rest is the same as Example 2.

[0058] Test A4: θ=20°, f1=2.1MHz, P1=860W; λ=28°, f2=1.5MHz, P2=4730W. The vibration time of the first megasonic vibration operation is 30 minutes, and the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation is 15 minutes. The rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0059] Test A5: In this test, the triangular base 30 is removed, and the megasonic transducer 1 50 and the megasonic transducer 2 60 are directly mounted on the bottom plane of the base 20, and the rest remains unchanged, which is the same as Example 2.

[0060] From the above, it can be seen that if λ≠θ and P2≠P1, it will affect the ripening and hardening of Trichosanthes seeds. After a large number of tests, due to the special structure of the triangular seat 30, it is found that the following rules must be met:

[0061] f1 / f2=λ / θ; 5≤P2 / P1≤6 can maximize the effect of ripening and hardening of Trichosanthes seeds.

[0062] Test A6: In this test, if the megasonic transducer 1 50 is replaced by the ultrasonic transducer 1, and the megasonic transducer 2 60 is replaced by the ultrasonic transducer 2,

[0063] The megasonic frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is f 11 The megasonic frequency of the second ultrasonic transducer is f 22 , the power of the ultrasonic transducer 1 is P 11 , the power of the second ultrasonic transducer is P 22 ; At the same time:

[0064] f 11 / f 22 =λ / θ; 5≤P 22 / P 11 ≤6. θ=20°, P 11 =860W,λ=28°,P 22 =4730W. When f 22 The changes in the qualified rate of Trichosanthes seeds hardness within the range of 20~70kHz are shown in Table 2:

[0065]

[0066] As can be seen from Table 2, ultrasound cannot bring about a ripening effect in the application environment of the present invention. Instead, it may cause the pulp to become flocculated (cotton-like and clumping), turn yellow, or even turn black, all of which will affect the quality of Trichosanthes seeds and Trichosanthes peels.

[0067] 2. Characterization test of ripening of Trichosanthes fruit peel

[0068] The yellowing rate of the fruit skin = the yellowing area of ​​the fruit skin of Trichosanthes kirilowii / the total area of ​​the fruit skin of Trichosanthes kirilowii. The yellowing rate of the fruit skin of immature Trichosanthes kirilowii is generally less than 20%.

[0069] During the test, the yellowing rate of the fruit skin of all the Trichosanthes kirilowii fruits was less than 20%. After the test, 20 samples were randomly selected and the yellowing rate of the fruit skin of each sample was measured. If the yellowing rate of the fruit skin exceeded 85%, the sample was qualified.

[0070] Fruit skin ripening rate = number of qualified samples / 20. Measure three times and take the average.

[0071] The test results are shown in Table 3:

[0072]

[0073] Test B1: The only difference between this test and Test A1 is that medium sand is used to replace activated carbon in this test, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0074] Test B2: The only difference between this test and Test A1 is that wood ash is used to replace activated carbon, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0075] From the above, it can be seen that the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation must be longer than that of the first megasonic vibration operation. At the same time, activated carbon needs to be used as the vibration medium, otherwise, the effect of ripening the fruit skin will be limited.

[0076] 3. Characterization test of astringency of Trichosanthes fruit peel

[0077] Generally, the tannic acid content in Trichosanthes fruit peel is 27~43mg / 100g. If the Trichosanthes fruit peel is not mature enough, its taste will be very astringent. The tannic acid content of this kind of astringent Trichosanthes fruit peel is usually higher than 37mg / 100g. Among them, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used to determine the tannic acid content.

[0078] The astringency rate of Trichosanthes peel = the number of Trichosanthes peels with high tannic acid content / the total number of Trichosanthes peel samples.

[0079] Randomly select 15 complete Trichosanthes fruit peels, randomly sample 10 places on the Trichosanthes fruit peels, measure the tannic acid content at each place, take the average, and obtain the average tannic acid content of the Trichosanthes fruit peels; if the average tannic acid content of the Trichosanthes fruit peels is greater than 37mg / 100g, it means that the Trichosanthes fruit peels have astringent taste, and the Trichosanthes fruit peels are counted as Trichosanthes fruit peels with high tannic acid content, and the number of Trichosanthes fruit peels with high tannic acid content is counted; the total number of Trichosanthes fruit peel samples is 15. Measure three times and take the average.

[0080] The test results are shown in Table 4:

[0081]

[0082] Test C1: This test differs from Test A1 only in that a baking soda solution with a mass fraction of 1.2% is used to replace the ripening solution, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0083] Experiment C2: This experiment differs from Experiment A1 only in that poplar leaves are used instead of willow leaves, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] In Embodiment 2, the metal sealed can 10 is made of ferromagnetic material, and the holder 20 is made of a magnet.

[0086] The magnetic fit makes the metal sealed can 10 more stable with the holder 20. The metal sealed can 10 after ripening can be hoisted and transported away.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ripening and preserving Trichosanthes fruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, sifting out the immature fruit skins of the Trichosanthes kirilowii, cutting a plurality of "X" or "Y" shaped incisions on the immature fruit skins of the Trichosanthes kirilowii with a knife, the incisions extending to the pulp, and drying in the shade for 1 day to obtain shade-dried Trichosanthes kirilowii fruits; Step 2, putting the dried Trichosanthes fruits into a megasonic treatment tank, pouring a ripening liquid into the megasonic treatment tank until all the Trichosanthes fruits are completely submerged, and sealing the tank with a lid; performing a first megasonic vibration operation, after the first megasonic vibration operation is completed, opening the tank lid of the megasonic treatment tank, pouring out and cleaning all the materials in the megasonic treatment tank, taking out and drying all the Trichosanthes fruits, sterilizing them with ultraviolet rays, putting the sterilized Trichosanthes fruits back into the megasonic treatment tank, and then pouring activated carbon into the megasonic treatment tank until all the Trichosanthes fruits are completely covered, sealing the tank with a lid, performing a second megasonic vibration operation, after the second megasonic vibration operation is completed, opening the tank lid of the megasonic treatment tank, taking out all the Trichosanthes fruits and filtering them to obtain the Trichosanthes fruits after megasonic treatment; Step 3, separating the pulp, seeds and peel of the Trichosanthes fruit after the megasonic treatment, drying in the shade, sterilizing, sealing and placing for 3 to 5 days for maturation, then taking out, screening, and drying or baking after the screening is qualified to obtain the semi-finished Trichosanthes seeds and dried Trichosanthes peel, and canning and sealing for storage; The megasonic treatment tank comprises a metal sealed tank (10), a base (20) adapted to fit the bottom of the metal sealed tank (10), a vertical vibration plate (33) used to support the base (20), and a support seat (40), wherein the top of the base (20) is provided with a slot adapted to fit the bottom of the metal sealed tank (10), the bottom of the base (20) is integrally connected with a triangular seat (30), the cross section of the triangular seat (30) is a triangular structure, the upper surface of the triangular seat (30) is arranged horizontally, and the triangular seat (30) is provided with a vertical vibration plate (33) used to support the base (20), and the support seat (40) is provided with a vertical vibration plate (33) used to support the base (20), and the triangular seat (30) is integrally connected with the bottom of the metal sealed tank (10). A first inclined surface (31) is provided on one side of the triangular seat (30), and a second inclined surface (32) is provided on the other side of the triangular seat (30); at least one megasonic transducer 1 (50) is fixedly mounted on the first inclined surface (31), and at least one megasonic transducer 2 (60) is fixedly mounted on the second inclined surface (32); the intersection of the second inclined surface (32) and the first inclined surface (31) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical vibration plate (33), and the lower end of the vertical vibration plate (33) is fixedly connected to the support seat (40); The included angle between the second inclined surface (32) and the upper surface of the triangular seat (30) is λ, 25°≤λ≤30°; the included angle between the first inclined surface (31) and the upper surface of the triangular seat (30) is θ, 17°≤θ≤23°; The megasonic frequency of the megasonic transducer 1 (50) is not equal to the megasonic frequency of the megasonic transducer 2 (60), and the power of the megasonic transducer 1 (50) is not equal to the power of the megasonic transducer 2 (60); The megasonic frequency of the first megasonic transducer (50) is f1, the megasonic frequency of the second megasonic transducer (60) is f2, the power of the first megasonic transducer (50) is P1, and the power of the second megasonic transducer (60) is P2; f1 / f2=λ / θ; 5≤P2 / P1≤6; In step 2, the ratio of the vibration time of the second megasonic vibration operation to the vibration time of the first megasonic vibration operation is 2 to 3; The preparation method of the ripening liquid comprises the following steps: The willow leaves and / or willow bark picked from the willow tree are washed and mashed, diluted with 12 times water, and filtered to obtain willow juice; baking soda is added to the willow juice and stirred to completely dissolve the baking soda, the amount of baking soda added is 1.2% of the mass of the willow juice, heated to 65-70°C for reaction for 45-60 minutes, and the ripening liquid is obtained after cooling.

2. A method for ripening and preserving Fructus Trichosanthis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Trichosanthes kirilowii with immature fruit skin refers to the Trichosanthes kirilowii autumn fruit whose surface partly turns yellow but has no turtle back pattern.

3. A method for ripening and preserving Fructus Trichosanthis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal sealed can (10) is made of ferromagnetic material, and the holder (20) is made of a magnet.

4. A method for ripening and preserving Fructus Trichosanthis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the dried Trichosanthes fruit peel is less than or equal to 7%, and the moisture content of the semi-finished Trichosanthes seed is less than or equal to 5%.

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