Medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of medical technology. The raw materials for preparing the medicine include, by weight: 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of phragmites, 5-30 parts of bitter almonds, 6-60 parts of licorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 75-200 parts of gypsum, 1-18 parts of stemonae and 2-30 parts of mint. The preparation method includes the steps of crushing medicinal materials, enzymatic extraction, decoction, filtration, concentration and fine filtration. The experimental results show that the medicine of the present invention has a significant therapeutic effect, can effectively improve the cure rate of sick chickens, reduce the viral load in the body, and significantly improve the egg production and egg quality of sick laying hens. The composition also shows good safety and no obvious adverse reactions. Therefore, the present invention provides a new option for the prevention and treatment of infectious bronchitis in chickens, and has important application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and in particular relates to a medicine for preventing and treating chicken infectious bronchitis and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease caused by coronaviruses, which poses a major threat to the poultry industry. The disease mainly affects laying hens and breeders, resulting in decreased growth performance, increased mortality, reduced egg production and reduced eggshell quality, causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment for IB.

[0003] In actual production, chickens often suffer from bacterial diseases, so farmers often use antibiotics to deal with them. Although the use of antibiotics can reduce the incidence of infectious bronchitis in chickens to a certain extent, they are mainly aimed at secondary bacterial infections caused by viral infections. However, with the widespread use of antibiotics in the breeding industry, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, the problem of drug resistance is becoming increasingly serious, posing a serious threat to public health, sustainable economic growth, and global economic stability. Therefore, the problem of safe drug use in livestock and poultry farming has become particularly serious.

[0004] In traditional medicine, Chinese medicine is widely used to treat respiratory diseases, including infectious bronchitis. Common Chinese medicine preparations on the market, such as Gandan oral liquid, Qiangli Kechuanning and Kechuanling, are used to relieve asthma and cough symptoms. However, the existing Chinese medicine preparations are not effective in treating infectious bronchitis, which may be related to the drug formulation, preparation method and administration route.

[0005] At present, the preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine mainly adopts the water decoction method, but this method has some obvious limitations. First, the water decoction method may cause a large loss of active ingredients during the extraction process, especially for those ingredients with low solubility in water. Secondly, in addition to the active ingredients, the extract may also contain a large number of impurities, which may affect the efficacy and safety of the drug. Finally, the high-temperature extraction process may destroy the heat-sensitive active ingredients, further reducing the efficacy of the drug.

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an improved Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method thereof to improve the therapeutic effect on infectious bronchitis in chickens. The present invention aims to reduce the loss of active ingredients, improve the purity and efficacy of the drug, and reduce the risk of drug resistance by optimizing the formula, improving the preparation process, and exploring new routes of administration, thereby providing a safer and more effective treatment plan for the poultry industry. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens and a preparation method thereof, thereby providing a new therapeutic medicine for treating infectious bronchitis in chickens.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] Firstly, the present invention provides a medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens. The raw materials for preparing the medicine include the following components by weight: 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of reed root, 5-30 parts of bitter almond, 6-60 parts of liquorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 75-200 parts of gypsum, 1-18 parts of stemona and 2-30 parts of mint.

[0010] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the medicine include the following components by weight: 25 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of licorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a drug for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens, the method for preparing the drug comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Crush the following medicinal materials: 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of phragmites australis, 5-30 parts of bitter almonds, 6-60 parts of liquorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 1-18 parts of stemonae and 2-30 parts of mint, and sieve to obtain medicinal material powder;

[0013] (2) adding distilled water 10 times the mass of the medicinal powder, stirring evenly, adding a composite biological enzyme 0.3 times the mass of the medicinal powder, and performing enzymolysis at 50° C. for 2 hours;

[0014] (3) raising the temperature to 80° C. and boiling for 2 hours, then filtering to obtain extract 1;

[0015] (4) 75-200 parts of gypsum are crushed and sieved to obtain gypsum powder, distilled water in an amount of 10 times the mass of the gypsum powder is added, and the mixture is boiled for 2 hours, and filtered to obtain extract 2 and gypsum residue;

[0016] (5) adding 8 times the mass of distilled water of the gypsum residue, stirring evenly, and continuing to boil for 2 hours. After filtering, extract 3 was obtained;

[0017] (6) combining extract 1, extract 2 and extract 3, and concentrating the mixture to a density of 1.05-1.10 g / ml to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0018] (7) The concentrated solution is filtered using a 0.5 μm ceramic membrane to obtain the drug.

[0019] Preferably, the composite biological enzyme consists of 40% cellulase, 40% pectinase, and 20% neutral protease.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention provides an application of a traditional Chinese medicine composition in preparing a medicine for treating infectious bronchitis in chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises, by weight, 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of reed rhizome, 5-30 parts of bitter almond, 6-60 parts of liquorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 75-200 parts of gypsum, 1-18 parts of stemona and 2-30 parts of mint.

[0021] Preferably, the Chinese medicine composition comprises, by weight: 25 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of licorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

[0022] Preferably, based on weight, the drug is prepared by the above-mentioned drug preparation method.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention provides an application of a traditional Chinese medicine composition in the preparation of an avian infectious bronchitis virus inhibitor. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises, by weight, 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of reed rhizome, 5-30 parts of bitter almond, 6-60 parts of licorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 75-200 parts of gypsum, 1-18 parts of stemona and 2-30 parts of mint.

[0024] Preferably, the Chinese medicine composition comprises, by weight: 25 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of licorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

[0025] Preferably, the drug is prepared by the above-mentioned drug preparation method.

[0026] In addition, the present invention provides an application of a traditional Chinese medicine composition in the preparation of a medicine for improving the egg production and egg quality of laying hens, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprising: 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of reed rhizome, 5-30 parts of bitter almond, 6-60 parts of licorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 75-200 parts of gypsum, 1-18 parts of stemona and 2-30 parts of mint.

[0027] Preferably, the Chinese medicine composition comprises, by weight: 25 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of licorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

[0028] Preferably, the drug is prepared by the above-mentioned drug preparation method.

[0029] The performance of the Chinese medicine components used in the present invention is explained as follows:

[0030] Ephedra:

[0031] [Source] The dried herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica, Ephedra intermedia or Ephedra equisetum, plants of the Ephedraceae family.

[0032] [Synonyms] Longsha, dog bone, Beixiang

[0033] [Original plant] Ephedra sinica, Ephedra equisetum and Ephedra intermedia

[0034] [Harvesting and processing] Cut the green stems and branches from August to October, or pull them up with the roots, remove the soil and roots, and dry them in a ventilated place or dry them until they are 60% dry, then dry them in the sun. Place them in a dry and ventilated place to prevent moisture and mildew. After drying, cut them into sections for medicinal use.

[0035] [Drug Properties] Pungent, slightly bitter, warm. Enters the lung meridian and bladder meridian.

[0036] [Functions and Indications] Induces sweating and relieves the symptoms, clears the lungs and relieves asthma, promotes diuresis and reduces swelling. It is used for wind-cold exterior syndrome, chest tightness, cough and wheezing, edema caused by wind and water, rheumatic pain, yin carbuncle, and phlegm nodules. Honey ephedra is warm and moist, and its pungent and dispersing sweating effect is moderate, which enhances the function of moistening the lungs and relieving cough. It is better for clearing the lungs and relieving asthma and cough. It is mostly used for asthma and cough after the symptoms of the exterior have been resolved.

[0037] Licorice:

[0038] [Source] This product is the dried root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis or Glycyrrhiza glabra, which belong to the Leguminosae family.

[0039] [Synonyms] Meicao, Migan (Ben Jing), Micao, Rucao (Bielu), Guolao (Tao Hongjing), Lingtong (Jishizhu), Fencao (Qunfangpu), Tiancao (Chinese Medicinal Plants), Tiangenzi (Chinese Materia Medica), Bangcao (Heilongjiang Chinese Medicine).

[0040]

Original Plant

[0041] [Harvesting and processing] Dig in autumn, remove the stem base, branch forks, fibrous roots, etc., cut into sections of appropriate length, sun-dried until half-dried, tied into small bundles, and then sun-dried until completely dry. Some also have the cork bark removed, which is called "powder grass". Place in a dry and ventilated place to prevent mildew and moth.

[0042]

Properties

[0043]

Functions and Indications

[0044] Bitter almonds:

[0045] [Source] The dried mature seeds of the Rosaceae plants wild apricot, Siberian apricot, Northeast apricot or apricot.

[0046] [Synonyms] Apricot kernel (Ben Jing), apricot seed (Treatise on Febrile Diseases), mulberry seed (Shiyao Erya), bitter almond (Clinical Guide), apricot kernel (Zhejiang Handbook of Traditional Chinese Medicine).

[0047] [Original plant] Prunus armeniaca, Siberian apricot, Northeastern apricot or apricot

[0048] [Harvesting and processing] Harvest the ripe fruits in summer, remove the pulp and shell, take out the seeds, and dry them in the sun.

[0049]

Properties

[0050] [Functions and indications] It can reduce qi, relieve cough and asthma, and moisten the intestines and promote bowel movements. It is mainly used to treat cough, asthma, dry intestines and constipation.

[0051] plaster:

[0052]

Source

[0053] [Synonyms] Fine stone, fine-grained stone (Bielu), soft gypsum (Bencao Yanyi Buyi), cold water stone (Compendium of Materia Medica), white tiger (Yaoyao Huayi).

[0054]

Original Plant

[0055] [Harvesting and processing] It is usually dug in winter. After digging, the soil and rocks are removed.

[0056] [Medicinal properties] Sweet, spicy, very cold, enters the lung and stomach meridians

[0057] [Functions and Indications] Raw use can relieve muscle and clear away heat, relieve restlessness and quench thirst. Treat fever with persistent high fever, restlessness and coma, delirium and madness, thirst and dry throat, lung heat and rapid breathing, heatstroke and spontaneous sweating, stomach fire headache, toothache, heat toxicity, spots and rashes, mouth and tongue sores. Calcined application can promote muscle growth and heal sores. External treatment of carbuncle, sores, ulcers that do not heal, and burns caused by hot water or fire.

[0058] Platycodon grandiflorum:

[0059] [Source] It is the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, a plant of the Campanulaceae family.

[0060] [Synonyms] Fushuang, Baiyao, Liru, Gengcao, Luru (Wu Pu's Materia Medica), Fangtu, Sheqi (Bielu), Kugeng (Danxi's Heart Method), Kujiegen (Compendium of Materia Medica), Dayao (Jiangsu Plant Medicine Records).

[0061]

Original Plant

[0062] [Harvesting and processing] Harvested in spring and autumn, the ones harvested in autumn are heavier and firmer, and of better quality. After digging, remove the leaves and seedlings, wash off the dirt, soak in water, scrape off the skin, and dry in the sun. If it rains, dry it immediately.

[0063]

Properties

[0064] [Function and indication] It can open up the lung qi, remove phlegm and discharge pus. It can treat cough caused by external factors, sore throat, pus vomiting from lung abscess, chest fullness and flank pain, dysentery and abdominal pain.

[0065] Phragmites:

[0066] [Source] Fresh or dried rhizomes of the monocotyledonous plant Phragmites australis of the Poaceae family.

[0067] [Synonyms] Reed root, reed root, reed head, reed root

[0068]

Original Plant

[0069] [Harvesting and processing] It can be harvested all year round. Remove the buds, fibrous roots and membranous leaves and use fresh or dry them.

[0070]

Properties

[0071] [Function and indication] Clears away heat and produces body fluid, clears the stomach and stops vomiting. Indications: Used for fever due to febrile disease, dry mouth and thirst, dry tongue with little body fluid, lung heat and abscess, yellow and red urine, maculopapular erysipelas, and vomiting due to stomach heat.

[0072] Citrus aurantium:

[0073] [Source] The dried immature fruits of the Rutaceae plant sour orange and its cultivated varieties.

[0074] [Synonyms] Citrus aurantium, sorbus root, ginkgo shell

[0075]

Original Plant

[0076] [Harvesting and processing] Harvest in July when the peel is still green, cut into two halves horizontally from the middle, and dry in the sun or at low temperature.

[0077]

Properties

[0078] [Function and indication] Regulates qi and relieves fullness, relieves stagnation and relieves bloating. Used for qi stagnation in the chest and flanks, bloating and pain, indigestion, phlegm and fluid retention, and sagging of internal organs.

[0079] Plantain:

[0080]

Source

[0081] [Synonyms] Plantain, wheel grass, pig ear grass, cow ear grass

[0082]

Original Plant

[0083] [Harvesting and processing] Harvest in the autumn of the second year after sowing. Dig up the whole plant, wash off the mud and sand, and dry it in the sun or use it fresh.

[0084]

Properties

[0085]

Functions and indications

[0086] Hundreds:

[0087] [Source] It is the tuberous root of the Stemonaceae plants such as creeping Stemona, erect Stemona or opposite leaf Stemona. [Synonyms] cough medicine (Tao Hongjing), hundred roots, wild asparagus, hundred milk (Yang's Experience Prescriptions), nine clusters of roots (Cao Mu Bian Fang), nine insect roots (Classification of Herbal Medicines), a nest of tigers (Jiangsu Plant Medicine Records), ninety-nine roots (Chinese Native Pesticide Records), mountain hundred roots (Chinese Medicinal Records), cattle lice ghost (Mindong Materia Medica).

[0088] [Original plant] Stemonaceae plants, creeping Stemona, erect Stemona or opposite leaf Stemona

[0089] [Harvesting and processing] Dig up the seeds before new buds emerge in spring and when the seedlings are about to wither in autumn, clean the soil, remove the fibrous roots, blanch them in boiling water, and then take them out and dry them in the sun.

[0090]

Properties

[0091]

Functions and Indications

[0092] Mint:

[0093] [Source] It is the dried aerial part of mint, a plant of the genus Mentha in the family Lamiaceae.

[0094] [Synonyms] Wild mint, southern mint, native mint

[0095]

Original Plant

[0096] [Harvesting and processing] In summer and autumn, when the stems and leaves are lush or the flowers are in their third round, choose a sunny day, harvest in batches, and dry in the sun or in the shade.

[0097] [Medicinal properties] Spicy, cool in nature. Enters the lung and liver meridians.

[0098] [Functions and Indications] Disperse wind-heat, clear the head and eyes, relieve sore throat and rash, soothe the liver and promote qi. Used for wind-heat cold, initial onset of wind-heat, headache, red eyes, throat paralysis, mouth sores, rubella, measles, chest and flank distension.

[0099] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0100] The present invention provides a Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens, which has significant therapeutic effect and safety. Experimental data show that the composition can effectively improve the cure rate of diseased chickens. At the same time, the present invention significantly reduces the viral load in the diseased chickens, embodies a strong antiviral ability, and effectively controls the spread and development of the disease.

[0101] In addition, the present invention is excellent in improving the production performance of diseased laying hens. The experimental results show that after using the Chinese medicine composition, the average egg production and eggshell thickness of laying hens are significantly improved, and the number of deformed eggs is greatly reduced. This not only improves the quality of eggs, but also effectively reduces the economic losses of the farm, with significant economic benefits. At the same time, as a pure Chinese medicine preparation, no obvious adverse reactions were observed in the treatment process of the present invention, showing good safety.

[0102] The Chinese medicine composition of the present invention achieves multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic effects through the synergistic effect of multiple medicinal materials, reflecting the holistic view and the characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. It not only provides an effective non-antibiotic alternative for chicken infectious bronchitis, helps to reduce the use of antibiotics in the breeding industry, but also may have a potential therapeutic effect on other similar avian respiratory diseases. Combined with its simple and feasible preparation method, the present invention has important practical application value and broad market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0103] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the state of the trachea of ​​chickens in group 4 of Example 4 3 days after the infection;

[0104] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the state of the trachea of ​​the chickens in the Example 4 group after 5 days of treatment;

[0105] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the state of the trachea of ​​chickens in Group 7 of Example 7 3 days after being challenged with poison;

[0106] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the state of the trachea of ​​the chickens in the Example 7 group after 5 days of treatment;

[0107] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the tracheal status of chickens in group 4 of comparative example 3 days after being challenged with poison;

[0108] Figure 6This is a diagram of the trachea status of the chickens in the comparative example 4 group after 5 days of treatment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0109] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0110] Example 1

[0111] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0112] The medicine 1 is composed of 15 parts of ephedra, 10 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 15 parts of bitter almond, 30 parts of liquorice, 12 parts of plantain, 10 parts of fructus aurantii, 75 parts of gypsum, 3 parts of stemona and 6 parts of mint.

[0113] The drug 1 is prepared by the following preparation method:

[0114] (1) Crush ephedra, platycodon, reed root, bitter almond, liquorice, plantain, fructus aurantii, stemonae and mint, and pass through a No. 5 sieve to obtain drug powder;

[0115] (2) adding distilled water 10 times the mass of the medicinal powder, stirring evenly, adding composite biological enzymes (40% cellulase, 40% pectinase, 20% neutral protease) 0.3 times the mass of the medicinal powder, and enzymolysis at 50°C for 2h;

[0116] (3) heating to 80°C and boiling for 2 h, then filtering to obtain extract 1;

[0117] (4) After the gypsum is crushed, it is passed through a No. 5 sieve, and distilled water with a mass fraction of 10 times that of the gypsum is added, and the mixture is boiled for 2 h. After filtering, an extract 2 and a gypsum residue are obtained;

[0118] (5) adding 8 times the mass of distilled water of the gypsum residue, stirring evenly, and continuing to boil for 2 hours. After filtering, extract 3 was obtained;

[0119] (6) combining extract 1, extract 2 and extract 3, and concentrating the mixture to a density of 1.05-1.10 g / ml to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0120] (7) The concentrated solution is filtered using a 0.5 μm ceramic membrane to obtain a clarified Chinese medicine oral solution.

[0121] Example 2

[0122] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0123] The drug 2 is composed of 30 parts of ephedra, 15 parts of platycodon, 30 parts of reed root, 30 parts of bitter almond, 60 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 24 parts of fructus aurantii, 90 parts of gypsum, 1 part of stemona, and 20 parts of mint.

[0124] The preparation method of drug 2 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0125] Example 3

[0126] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0127] The medicine 3 is composed of 6 parts of ephedra, 25 parts of platycodon, 36 parts of reed root, 5 parts of bitter almond, 6 parts of liquorice, 25 parts of plantain, 5 parts of fructus aurantii, 200 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of stemona and 2 parts of mint.

[0128] The preparation method of drug 3 is the same as that of Example 1

[0129] Example 4

[0130] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0131] The drug 4 is composed of 25 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

[0132] The preparation method of drug 4 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0133] Example 5

[0134] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0135] The medicine 5 is composed of 35 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 25 parts of reed root, 15 parts of bitter almond, 10 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 25 parts of fructus aurantii, 150 parts of gypsum, 18 parts of stemona and 2 parts of mint.

[0136] The preparation method of drug 5 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0137] Example 6

[0138] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0139] The drug 6 is composed of 10 parts of ephedra, 25 parts of platycodon, 30 parts of reed root, 10 parts of bitter almond, 30 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of plantain, 30 parts of fructus aurantii, 160 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 2 parts of mint.

[0140] The preparation method of drug 6 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0141] Example 7

[0142] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0143] The drug 7 is composed of 20 parts of ephedra, 25 parts of platycodon, 20 parts of reed root, 20 parts of bitter almond, 40 parts of liquorice, 25 parts of plantain, 15 parts of fructus aurantii, 120 parts of gypsum, 15 parts of stemona, and 20 parts of mint.

[0144] The preparation method of drug 7 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0145] Example 8

[0146] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0147] Example 8 is composed of 10 parts of ephedra, 30 parts of platycodon, 40 parts of reed rhizome, 5 parts of bitter almond, 20 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 30 parts of fructus aurantii, 130 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona, and 30 parts of mint.

[0148] The preparation method of drug 8 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0149] Comparative Example 1:

[0150] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0151] The drug 9 is composed of 15 parts of Mazhi Ephedra, 10 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 15 parts of Phragmites australis, 15 parts of Apricot kernel, 30 parts of Licorice, 12 parts of Plantago, 10 parts of Citrus aurantium, 75 parts of Gypsum, 3 parts of Stemona, and 6 parts of Menthus.

[0152] The preparation method of drug 9 is the same as that of Example 1

[0153] Comparative Example 2

[0154] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0155] The medicine 10 is composed of 30 parts of ephedra, 15 parts of scutellaria, 30 parts of reed roots, 30 parts of bitter almonds, 60 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of isatis root, 24 parts of fructus aurantii, 90 parts of gypsum, 1 part of stemona and 20 parts of mint.

[0156] The preparation method of the drug 10 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0157] Comparative Example 3

[0158] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0159] The medicine 11 is composed of 6 parts of roasted ephedra, 25 parts of scutellaria, 36 parts of reed roots, 5 parts of bitter almonds, 6 parts of liquorice, 25 parts of isatis root, 5 parts of fructus aurantii, 200 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of stemona, and 2 parts of mint.

[0160] The preparation method of the drug 11 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0161] Comparative Example 4

[0162] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0163] The medicine 12 is composed of 30 parts of platycodon, 30 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

[0164] The preparation method of the drug 12 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0165] Comparative Example 5

[0166] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0167] The medicine 13 is composed of 35 parts of ephedra, 25 parts of reed root, 35 parts of bitter almond, 20 parts of liquorice, 35 parts of bitter orange, 150 parts of gypsum, 18 parts of stemona and 2 parts of mint.

[0168] The preparation method of the drug 13 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0169] Comparative Example 6

[0170] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0171] The medicine 14 is composed of 10 parts of ephedra, 30 parts of platycodon, 30 parts of reed root, 10 parts of bitter almond, 30 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 30 parts of bitter orange and 160 parts of gypsum.

[0172] The preparation method of the drug 14 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0173] Comparative Example 7

[0174] A medicine for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens

[0175] The drug 7 is composed of 40 parts of ephedra, 45 parts of platycodon, 40 parts of bitter almond, 40 parts of plantain, 120 parts of gypsum, 15 parts of stemona and 20 parts of mint.

[0176] The preparation method of the drug 15 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0177] Experimental Example 1

[0178] Detect viral load and treatment effect after different drug treatments

[0179] (1) All chickens were weighed at 9 days of age and randomly divided into a blank control group (10 chickens) and a model group (160 chickens);

[0180] (2) The chickens in the blank control group continued to be raised in the negative pressure isolator, while the chickens in the model group were moved to a relatively closed room with controlled temperature and humidity, which was completely disinfected and adapted to feeding for 3 days;

[0181] (3) At 12 days of age, the chickens in the model group were inoculated with IBV M41 strain by eye drops (100 μL), nasal drops (100 μL), and inoculation. The blank group was given an equal amount of sterile PBS in the same way. Three days after the infection, two chickens in each group were dissected to observe the tracheal status of the chickens.

[0182] (4) After successful modeling, the sick chickens were randomly divided into 16 groups, each with 10 chickens, namely, a positive control group, an example 8 group, and a comparative example 7 group;

[0183] (5) The positive control group was fed 1 g of doxycycline hydrochloride in 500 ml of water. The water supply was cut off at 3:00 pm every day, and the drug was given to the drinking water at 5:00 pm for 4 hours for 5 consecutive days.

[0184] (6) The mice in the Example and Comparative Example groups were fed 1 ml of the drug of the present invention mixed with 500 ml of water. The water supply was cut off at 3:00 pm every day, and the drug was administered through drinking water at 5:00 pm for 4 hours, and the drug was used continuously for 5 days.

[0185] (6) During the experiment, the disease progression of each group of experimental chickens was recorded, and the mental state, appetite, and respiratory status of the chickens were observed at 9:00 am and 4:00 pm every day;

[0186] (7) The dead chickens were autopsied and those showing typical pathological features were judged as deaths from this disease. The number of dead chickens and the mortality rate during the entire experimental period were counted.

[0187] (8) After the treatment, the chickens in each group were killed and the organ lesions were observed. Tracheal and kidney tissues were taken and the viral loads in the kidneys and trachea of ​​each group were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The test results were determined by comparing the viral loads in the kidneys and organs. At the same time, the number of cured, effective and ineffective cases was counted, and the cure rate and effective rate were calculated.

[0188] The diagnostic criteria for efficacy are as follows:

[0189] Cure: Symptoms of infectious bronchitis such as difficulty breathing, gasping for air with open mouth, coughing, sneezing, etc. disappear.

[0190] Effective: Symptoms of infectious bronchitis such as dyspnea, gasping for breath, coughing, sneezing, etc. are greatly relieved.

[0191] Ineffective: The symptoms of infectious bronchitis were not effectively relieved.

[0192] Figure 1-Figure 6 Example anatomical diagrams selected for the present invention representing cure, efficacy and ineffectiveness.

[0193] Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The results of the chickens in Example 4, Example 7, and Comparative Example 7 were obtained 3 days after the challenge. It can be seen that there was tracheal bleeding and sputum after the challenge. At the same time, it was observed that the chickens had obvious coughing, snoring, and wheezing.

[0194] Figure 2 The results of the chickens in the fourth group after 5 days of treatment show that the tracheal hemorrhage has recovered after treatment, and there is no phlegm in the trachea, which has returned to normal. At the same time, it was observed that the symptoms of dyspnea, panting, coughing, sneezing, etc. in the chickens disappeared.

[0195] Figure 4 The results of the chickens in the Example 7 group after 5 days of treatment show that the tracheal bleeding has recovered after treatment, there is basically no sputum in the trachea, and the chickens have basically recovered from the symptoms of dyspnea, panting, coughing, sneezing, etc.

[0196] Figure 6 The results of the 5-day treatment of the chickens in the comparative example 7 group show that the tracheal hemorrhage was not treated after the treatment, and the trachea still had phlegm. At the same time, it was observed that some chickens still had symptoms such as dyspnea, panting, coughing, and sneezing.

[0197] The statistical results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0198] Table 1 Detection of therapeutic effects after different drug treatments

[0199]

[0200]

[0201]

[0202] From Table 1, we can see that when ephedra is replaced by roasted ephedra (Comparative Example 1 vs. Example 1), Comparative Example 1: cure rate 40%, total effective rate 50%; while Example 1: cure rate 70%, total effective rate 100%; Conclusion: original ephedra is more effective than roasted ephedra, probably because original ephedra retains more active ingredients.

[0203] When Platycodon grandiflorum is replaced by Scutellaria baicalensis (Comparative Example 2 vs. Example 2), Comparative Example 2: cure rate 60%, total effective rate 70%; while Example 2: cure rate 80%, total effective rate 100%; Conclusion: Platycodon grandiflorum is more suitable for this formula than Scutellaria baicalensis, probably because Platycodon grandiflorum's effect of clearing lung and removing phlegm is more in line with the characteristics of the disease.

[0204] When plantain is replaced by isatis root (Comparative Example 3 vs Example 3), Comparative Example 3: cure rate 50%, total effective rate 60% Example 3: cure rate 60%, total effective rate 90%. Conclusion: Plantain is more effective than isatis root, probably because plantain has a more direct expectorant and cough relieving effect.

[0205] When ephedra is removed (Comparative Example 4 vs. Example 4), Comparative Example 4: cure rate 50%, total effective rate 40%; Example 4: cure rate 100%, total effective rate 100%; Conclusion: Ephedra is an indispensable ingredient in the formula, and its effects of sweating, relieving exterior symptoms, and promoting lung function and relieving asthma are crucial.

[0206] When Platycodon grandiflorum and Plantain are removed (Comparative Example 5 vs. Example 5), Comparative Example 5: cure rate 40%, total effective rate 70%; Example 5: cure rate 60%, total effective rate 90%; Conclusion: The presence of Platycodon grandiflorum and Plantain significantly improves the therapeutic effect, proving their importance in the formula.

[0207] When Stemona and Mentha are removed (Comparative Example 6 vs. Example 6), Comparative Example 6: cure rate 30%, total effective rate 50%; Example 6: cure rate 70%, total effective rate 90%; Conclusion: Although the dosage of Stemona and Mentha is small, they have a significant impact on the overall effect, which may be by enhancing the effects of other drugs.

[0208] When Phragmites australis, Licorice and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were removed (Comparative Example 7 vs. Example 7), Comparative Example 7 had a cure rate of 20% and a total effective rate of 20%; Example 7 had a cure rate of 80% and a total effective rate of 100%. Conclusion: Each component in the formula has its own unique effect, and together they constitute a complete treatment system.

[0209] At the same time, it can be seen from the differences between different embodiments that when the ingredients are the same, different addition amounts of different ingredients will also lead to differences in the final treatment results, among which the treatment effect of embodiment 4 is significantly better than that of other embodiments.

[0210] Therefore, we can draw the following conclusions:

[0211] 1. The replacement or removal of any component will lead to a significant decrease in the therapeutic effect. For example, replacing ephedra with roasted ephedra (Comparative Example 1) or completely removing ephedra (Comparative Example 4) significantly reduced the cure rate and total effective rate. This shows that each component in the formula plays an indispensable role in the overall effect.

[0212] 2. The formula contains drugs with different effects, such as diaphoresis and antipyretic (such as ephedra), expectorant and cough relieving (such as platycodon and plantain), and heat-clearing and detoxifying (such as gypsum). These drugs work together to comprehensively solve the various symptoms of infectious bronchitis in chickens, reflecting the holistic treatment concept of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0213] 3. The dosage ratio of each component in the embodiment is optimized to form a balanced whole. Any change will affect the therapeutic effect, as shown in the results of Comparative Examples 5 and 6. This shows that the synergistic effect depends on the precise ratio.

[0214] 4. Even the removal of ingredients with a small amount (such as Stemona tuberosa and mint) will significantly affect the effect (see Comparative Example 6). This shows that these seemingly "insignificant" ingredients actually play a key synergistic role in the overall formula.

[0215] 5. Although some single ingredients (such as ephedra) may have side effects when used in large doses, no obvious adverse reactions were observed in the overall formula. This may be because there is a synergistic effect between the drugs that restrain each other and reduce toxicity.

[0216] 6. When other seemingly similar drugs were used to replace some of the ingredients in the formula (such as replacing Platycodon grandiflorum with Scutellaria baicalensis or replacing Plantain with Isatis indigotica), the therapeutic effect was reduced. This further proves the unique synergistic relationship between the ingredients in the original formula.

[0217] Table 2 Viral load in kidney and organs

[0218] Average renal viral load Average tracheal viral load Positive Control 0.85*10^6 0.43*10^7 Blank control 0 0 Example 1 0.69*10^6 0.65*10^6 Example 2 0.48*10^6 0.45*10^6 Example 3 0.64*10^6 0.63*10^6 Example 4 0.24*10^6 0.12*10^6 Example 5 0.62*10^6 0.62*10^6 Example 6 0.64*10^6 0.61*10^6 Example 7 0.51*10^6 0.55*10^6 Example 8 0.61*10^6 0.59*10^6 Comparative Example 1 1.25*10^8 0.58*10^8 Comparative Example 2 3.31*10^6 1.99*10^6 Comparative Example 3 1.75*10^7 1.07*10^7 Comparative Example 4 3.65*10^7 1.19*10^7 Comparative Example 5 4.14*10^7 2.09*10^7 Comparative Example 6 1.10*10^8 0.57*10^8 Comparative Example 7 1.39*10^8 0.98*10^8

[0219] From the results in Table 2 we can draw the following conclusions:

[0220] 1. The viral load data is highly consistent with the previous symptom improvement data, confirming the effectiveness of the example formula from two different perspectives. Moreover, Example 4 not only performs best in symptom improvement (100% cure rate), but also shows the strongest effect in virus clearance. Therefore, the formula combination of Example 4 has an unexpected technical effect.

[0221] 2. All the example formulas showed stronger antiviral effects than the comparative example and the positive control (doxycycline hydrochloride), indicating that the Chinese medicine formula of the present invention can not only relieve symptoms, but also directly affect the replication and spread of viruses.

[0222] 3. Viral load data further supports the strong synergy between the ingredients in the formula. Substitution or removal of any ingredient resulted in a significant increase in viral load, which is consistent with the symptom improvement effect observed previously.

[0223] Experimental Example 2

[0224] Infectious bronchitis can have a significant impact on laying hens' egg-laying ability and eggshell quality.

[0225] (1) A chicken house with infectious bronchitis was selected, and 800 infected chickens were randomly selected. The 800 laying hens with infectious bronchitis at the age of 120 days were randomly divided into 16 groups, each with 50 chickens: a positive control group, groups 1-8 of Examples, and groups 1-7 of Examples; at the same time, 120-day-old laying hens were set as a healthy control group and isolated in groups.

[0226] The Example 1-8 group was fed with 5 ml of the oral solution prepared in Example 1-8 diluted with 1000 ml of water, and the positive control group was fed with 5 g of doxycycline hydrochloride diluted with 1000 ml of water; the mice were concentrated on drinking water for 4 hours.

[0227] Meanwhile, the healthy control group was fed with an equal amount of saline;

[0228] (2) The mice were fed ad libitum for 10 consecutive days, and the number of eggs laid was recorded every day. After 10 days, the average number of eggs laid, the average eggshell thickness, and the average number of deformed eggs per day were calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0229] Table 3 Differences in average egg production among different treatment groups

[0230]

[0231]

[0232] It can be seen from the results in Table 3 that the egg production of all embodiments of the present invention is higher than that of the comparative example and the positive control group, among which the performance of Embodiment 4 is not only significantly higher than that of the comparative example and the positive control group, but also significantly better than that of other embodiments, with unexpected technical effects.

[0233] At the same time, the eggshell thickness and the number of deformed eggs in all embodiments are better than those in the comparative example and the positive control group. Similarly, the effect of embodiment 4 is the best, and the eggshell thickness and the number of deformed eggs are close to those in the healthy control group.

[0234] Therefore, we can draw the following conclusions:

[0235] 1. The formula of the present invention, especially Example 4, can effectively improve the egg production, eggshell quality and number of deformed eggs of chickens infected with infectious bronchitis. This means that the formula can effectively restore the egg-laying capacity of infected chickens and significantly reduce the economic losses caused by the disease. Secondly, the improvement of eggshell quality not only increases the market value of eggs, but also reduces the breakage rate of eggs during transportation and storage.

[0236] 2. This formula can not only effectively eliminate viruses and relieve symptoms, but also comprehensively improve the production performance of chickens. This multi-faceted improvement effect reflects the advantages of TCM holistic treatment and also illustrates the unique value of the compound in treating infectious bronchitis in chickens.

[0237] 3. The synergistic effect of the ingredients in the formula is not only reflected in antiviral and symptom improvement, but also directly affects the production performance of chickens. Whether it is replacing or missing some of the ingredients in the formula, it will significantly reduce the egg production and eggshell quality of the chickens.

[0238] 4. Example 4 again performed best in egg-laying related indicators, indicating that it has the best therapeutic effect. The possible reason is that Example 4 just achieved the optimal dose-effect relationship of various medicinal materials, so that each component works within its most effective dose range. The proportion of each medicinal material in Example 4 produced the best synergistic effect. For example, the ratio of ephedra and gypsum may have achieved a good balance between evacuating exogenous evil and clearing away heat and detoxifying, thereby achieving an effect that is far superior to other embodiments.

[0239] In general, the formula of the present invention effectively solves the problem of decreased egg production rate and decreased egg quality caused by infectious bronchitis in chickens through its powerful antiviral effect, symptom improvement ability and comprehensive recovery of production performance. It not only provides an efficient disease prevention and treatment method for the breeding industry, but also opens up a new way for the application of traditional Chinese medicine in animal husbandry. This method of combining traditional Chinese medicine theory with modern scientific research demonstrates the great potential of traditional Chinese medicine in solving modern agricultural problems.

Claims

1. A drug for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens, characterized in that: The medicine is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of reed root, 5-30 parts of bitter almond, 6-60 parts of licorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 75-200 parts of gypsum, 1-18 parts of stemona and 2-30 parts of mint.

2. The drug for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicine is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 25 parts of ephedra, 20 parts of platycodon, 15 parts of reed root, 25 parts of bitter almond, 50 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of plantain, 20 parts of fructus aurantii, 125 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of stemona and 15 parts of mint.

3. A method for preparing a drug for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens, characterized in that: The preparation method of the drug is as follows: (1) Crush the following medicinal materials: 6-35 parts of ephedra, 10-30 parts of platycodon, 15-40 parts of reed root, 5-30 parts of bitter almond, 6-60 parts of liquorice, 12-25 parts of plantain, 5-30 parts of fructus aurantii, 1-18 parts of stemonae and 2-30 parts of mint, and sieve to obtain medicinal powder; (2) Add distilled water 10 times the mass of the medicinal powder, stir evenly, then add composite biological enzyme 0.3 times the mass of the medicinal powder, and perform enzymolysis at 50°C for 2 hours; (3) After the temperature is raised to 80°C and boiled for 2 hours, the extract 1 is obtained by filtering; (4) Grind 75-200 parts of gypsum, sieve to obtain gypsum powder, add distilled water 10 times the mass of the gypsum powder, boil for 2 hours, and filter to obtain extract 2 and gypsum residue; (5) Add 8 times the mass of distilled water as much as the gypsum residue, stir evenly, continue to boil for 2 hours, and filter to obtain extract 3; (6) combining extract 1, extract 2 and extract 3, and concentrating the mixture to a density of 1.05-1.10 g / ml to obtain a concentrated solution; (7) The concentrated solution is filtered using a 0.5 μm ceramic membrane to obtain the drug.

4. The method for preparing a drug for preventing and treating infectious bronchitis in chickens according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite biological enzyme consists of 40% cellulase, 40% pectinase and 20% neutral protease.

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