A method for positioning a large-span rigid entrance porch and arch columns

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-span rigid entrance porch and an arch column positioning method. The porch includes an arch foot, an arch column, a connecting beam, a tie rod and a canopy system. The two ends of the arch column are respectively fixedly connected to the arch foot. The arch column is arranged gradually close to the roof structure side from the two ends to the middle in the horizontal direction. A structural connecting beam is connected between the arch column and the side beam of the roof structure, and a tie rod is connected between the connecting beams. The canopy system is hung on the arch column and fixed by an inclined tie rod. The application can meet the needs of the use and shape design of the main entrance of the large-span structure, reduce the number of supporting structures at the lower part of the entrance, and ensure a large space under the arch column for people flow activities; at the same time, it reduces the adverse effects of the overturning of the canopy system on the main structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure construction, and in particular to a large-span rigid entrance porch and an arch column positioning method. Background Art

[0002] The main entrances of densely populated and high-flown places such as airports, stations, stadiums, and convention centers are designed with magnificent shapes, spans of up to hundreds of meters, and beautiful shapes. The design elements of large-span structures have been increasingly applied to engineering design. In order to meet the needs of main entrance use and design, it is generally necessary to reduce the number of supporting structures as much as possible.

[0003] This project is a terminal building of an airport. The roof structure is a large-span steel structure with a plane size of 232m long from east to west, 72m wide from north to south, and 31.9m high. The top elevation of the roof in the east-west direction increases from both ends to the middle, from 19.3m to 31.9m. The main entrance on the south side is designed with inclined arch columns and a canopy system suspended. The canopy system is an orthogonal grid structure with a maximum span of 100m, a maximum width of 15m, and the highest point is 30.2m from the ground.

[0004] At present, the canopy at the entrance of a steel structure building is generally installed directly on the side beam of the roof structure. However, the canopy system of this project has a large span and width, and its own weight is very large. The overturning of the canopy has a great impact on the main structure, and the side beams cannot meet the installation requirements of the canopy system.

[0005] The existing Chinese invention patent with application number CN201610692471.2 discloses a folding truss type fully automatic retractable canopy and its operation method, which belongs to the field of steel structure. It includes several steel columns, the top of the steel column is provided with a steel beam extending outward, the upper part of the steel beam is provided with a folding truss type fully automatic retractable canopy assembly, the outer wall between the steel columns is provided with a movable track, the movable track is provided with a canopy transplanting trolley matched with the folding truss type fully automatic retractable canopy assembly, and the movable track is moved up and down by a column spiral elevator arranged on the outer wall of the steel column. It discloses a method for installing a large-span canopy, by setting steel columns under the canopy, and fixing and supporting the canopy by the steel columns. Although this method can solve the problem of canopy installation, the setting of a large number of steel columns is contrary to the requirements of the use and shape design of the main entrance of this project, and the existing installation method cannot solve the influence of the overturning effect of the canopy on the main structure, and is not suitable for the working conditions of this application.

[0006] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch and an arch column positioning method, which can meet the needs of use and shape design of the main entrance of the large-span structure, reduce the number of supporting structures, ensure a large space under the arch column for human flow, and at the same time reduce the adverse effect of the overturning of the canopy system on the main structure.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved is: the current design and installation method of the canopy, the overturning of the canopy has a great impact on the main structure, and there are design requirements for the main entrance of the large space.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] The invention discloses a large-span rigid entrance porch, comprising an arch foot, an arch column, a connecting beam, a tie rod and a canopy system, wherein the two ends of the arch column are respectively fixedly connected to the arch foot, the arch column is gradually arranged horizontally close to the roof structure side from the two ends to the middle, a connecting beam is connected between the arch column and the side beam of the roof structure, and tie rods are connected between the connecting beams; the canopy system is hung on the arch column.

[0011] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Furthermore, the arch column is a smooth surface component formed by connecting multiple sections of bending-torsion components with alternating positive and negative torsions. The twisting of the arch column starts from the connecting beam arrangement end and ends at the connecting beam arrangement end at the other end of the arch column.

[0012] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch, and further, the single-side torsion length of the arch column is 30m.

[0013] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Further, the arch foot includes a pile foundation, a pedestal arranged on the pile foundation, an inclined steel bar skeleton located in the pedestal, an embedded steel plate arranged in the inclined steel bar skeleton, and an embedded steel column. One end of the embedded steel column is inserted into the inclined steel bar skeleton and connected to the embedded steel plate, and the other end extends out of the pedestal structure and is connected to the arch column. The end of the arch column is fixedly connected to the embedded steel column in a straight line.

[0014] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Furthermore, no tie rods are arranged between the connecting beams in the middle span of the arch column, and the cross-sectional size of the connecting beams in the middle section of the arch column is larger than the cross-sectional size of the connecting beams on both sides. The intersection point of the connecting beam and the arch column is located on the outer plane of the arch column to avoid being fixed at the corner of the arch column cross section.

[0015] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Furthermore, the canopy system includes vertical components, horizontal components, connecting rods, diagonal braces and edge beams. The vertical components are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the arch column at intervals. One end of the horizontal component is fixedly connected to the vertical component, and the other end is fixedly connected to the edge beam. The two ends of the edge beam are respectively fixed to the arch column; the connecting rods are respectively connected between the vertical components and the horizontal components; one end of the diagonal brace is hingedly connected to the arch column, and the other end is hingedly connected to the horizontal component.

[0016] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch, and further, the arch columns are symmetrically arranged with their centers as axes.

[0017] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Furthermore, the inner side surface of the arch column is provided with longitudinal stiffening ribs along the length direction of the side surface and transverse stiffening ribs perpendicular to the side surface. The spacing between the transverse stiffening ribs within the arch column within the length range from the arch foot to the outermost connecting beam is not greater than 1.0H, and the transverse stiffening ribs in the remaining part are not greater than 2.5H, H is the cross-sectional height of the arch column, the thickness of the transverse stiffening ribs is not less than 14mm, and the transverse stiffening ribs are through-arranged at the intersection of the longitudinal stiffening ribs and the transverse stiffening ribs, and the longitudinal stiffening ribs are disconnected.

[0018] The present invention provides a large-span rigid entrance porch. Furthermore, a retaining wall is provided on the side of the pedestal facing away from the arch column.

[0019] The present invention provides an arch column positioning method, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Porch design: pre-arch design of arch columns and canopy systems;

[0021] Step 2: Arch foot construction;

[0022] Step 3: Arch column installation:

[0023] 3.1. Segmentation and ground assembly: The arch column is segmented and transported to the site after processing in the factory; a support frame is set up at the segmentation of the arch column on site, and adjacent arch columns are assembled into larger hoisting sections on the ground;

[0024] 3.2. High-altitude positioning: Before installing the lifting section, the temporary adjustable support frame is installed in place, and the arch column is gradually lifted from both sides to the middle. Four lifting ropes are used for lifting and adjusting the spatial positioning; the four lifting ropes are arranged clockwise, namely No. 1 lifting rope, No. 2 lifting rope, No. 3 lifting rope, and No. 4 lifting rope. No. 1 lifting rope has a fixed rope length, and the other three lifting ropes are respectively equipped with hand winches, among which No. 1 and No. 2 lifting ropes are arranged perpendicular to the length of the arch column; after each section of the arch column is separated from the supporting tire frame, it is lifted at high altitude. Two adjustments are performed to ensure spatial positioning efficiency; during the first adjustment, the lengths of No. 1 and No. 2 lifting ropes are kept unchanged, and No. 3 and No. 4 lifting ropes are adjusted. The lifting length of No. 4 lifting rope is adjusted to the designed rope length at one time, and the adjusted length of No. 3 lifting rope is close to or the same as the adjusted length of No. 4 lifting rope, completing the rough adjustment of vertical positioning; during the second adjustment, the lengths of No. 1 and No. 4 lifting ropes are kept unchanged, and the rope lengths of No. 2 and No. 3 lifting ropes are adjusted to the designed position, completing the rough adjustment of the horizontal plane deflection position;

[0025] 3.3. Survey and design: High-altitude hoisting is used to accurately adjust the position of the arch column, measure the position coordinates of the arch column pipe mouth, and check the real-time height difference of the arch column to determine whether the arch column is adjusted to the position;

[0026] 3.4. High-altitude fixing: After the arch column is adjusted into place, the adjusted hoisting section is connected and fixed to the arch foot, and then the connecting beam and tie rod at each section of the arch column are hoisted and fixed. Repeat the above steps to carry out subsequent arch column segment hoisting and installation of connecting beams and tie rods, and finally hoist the closing section to complete the installation of the arch column structure;

[0027] Step 4: Arch column unloading: After all the arch columns are welded, the arch columns are unloaded as a whole. First, the shorter temporary adjustable support frames at both ends of the arch columns are removed, and then the highest temporary adjustable support frame in the middle is removed. Then, the unloading is carried out from the middle to both ends simultaneously.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. This application sets an arch column at the entrance side of the roof structure and installs the canopy system on the arch column, which can meet the needs of the main entrance of the large-span structure and the design of the shape, reduce the number of supporting structures, and ensure a large space under the arch column for people to move around; at the same time, the arch column is set as a bending-torsion member that is horizontally inclined toward the roof structure side, which can resist the overturning force generated by the canopy system to a certain extent, reduce the impact of the overturning of the canopy system on the main structure, and ensure the safety of the main structure;

[0030] 2. By designing the arch column as an unconventional double-torsion member, the connection requirements between the arch column and the edge beam are met, and the connecting beam between the edge beam and the arch column is avoided from being connected at the corner point of the arch column, thus ensuring the safety of the structure;

[0031] 3. In the present application, a plurality of pile foundations are arranged at intervals under the cap, which are used as the main load-bearing structure of the arch column. The cap is arranged on the pile foundation and the retaining wall is arranged on the side, which are used as the force transmission structure for transmitting the force of the arch column to the pile foundation and the installation space of the column foot and increasing the horizontal resistance of the arch foot. The inclined steel frame is used as a reinforcement structure to improve the bearing capacity of the arch foot and avoid the arch foot from being damaged under the force of the arch column. At the same time, the inclined steel frame can effectively combine the arch foot installation area with the cap structure as a whole, avoid local bending and torsion damage, effectively improve the bearing capacity of the arch column structure with a large span and heavy weight, and ensure the safety of the structure.

[0032] 4. The hoisting section of the arch column is an inclined hyperbolic component, the center of gravity is difficult to determine, there is a possibility of torsion offset during the hoisting process, the installation is difficult, and the accuracy is difficult to ensure. This application uses AUTOCAD and other related software to lay out the arch column hoisting section, accurately determine the center of gravity position of the component, and determine the component hanging point and the length of the hanging rope at each hanging point according to the center of gravity of the component. Then, four hanging ropes are used to use high-altitude adjustment to adjust the arch column to the position of the arch column installation state, and then the arch column is installed in place, which is convenient for controlling the installation accuracy of the arch column and improving the installation convenience of the arch column;

[0033] 5. Through the specific adjustment method of the four lifting ropes, the arch column can be quickly adjusted to the position at high altitude, which is more convenient to operate and suitable for the lifting construction of hyperbolic components;

[0034] 6. In view of the problem that the arch column components are divided into many sections and have large cross-sections, which makes high-altitude welding difficult, this application connects the arch columns two by two into one section on the ground for hoisting, reducing the high-altitude docking work.

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the canopy system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the arch column and the side beam of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arch foot structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the arch foot of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented high-altitude position adjustment of the arch column of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first section of the arch column of the present invention after installation;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the closing section of the arch column of the present invention is installed.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1. Arch foot; 1.1. Pile foundation; 1.2. Cap; 1.2.1. Lower cap section; 1.2.2. Upper cap section; 1.2.3. Transverse reinforcement; 1.2.4. Longitudinal reinforcement; 1.2.5. Vertical reinforcement; 1.2.6. Horizontal reinforcement; 1.3. Oblique reinforcement skeleton; 1.3.1. Oblique reinforcement; 1.3.2. Stirrups; 1.4. Embedded steel plate; 1.5. Embedded steel column; 1.6. Retaining wall; 2. Arch column; 3. Connecting beam; 4. Tie rod; 5. Canopy system; 5.1. Vertical member; 5.2. Horizontal member; 5.3. Connecting rod; 5.4. Diagonal brace; 5.5. Edge beam; 6. Roof structure; 7. Edge beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the present invention discloses a large-span rigid entrance porch and an arch column positioning method, the structure includes an arch foot 1, an arch column 2, a connecting beam 3, a tie rod 4 and a canopy system 5. The arch foot 1 is arranged at both ends close to the entrance side of the structure, including a pile foundation 1.1, a cap 1.2 arranged on the pile foundation 1.1, an inclined steel skeleton 1.3 located in the cap 1.2, an embedded steel plate 1.4 arranged in the inclined steel skeleton 1.3, and an embedded steel column 1.5. The embedded steel column 1.5 is arranged at an angle, one end of which is inserted into the inclined steel skeleton 1.3 and connected to the embedded steel plate 1.4, and the other end extends out of the cap 1.2 structure for subsequent connection with the arch column 2.

[0047] A plurality of pile foundations 1.1 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the cap 1.2, which are used as the main load-bearing structure of the arch column 2. The cap 1.2 includes a lower cap 1.2 section cast in advance, an upper cap 1.2 section cast on the lower cap 1.2 section, and a retaining wall 1.6. The lower cap 1.2 section includes a lower frame structure formed by enclosing a plurality of transverse steel bars 1.2.3 and longitudinal steel bars 1.2.4, and a lower concrete structure. The upper cap 1.2 section is located at the lower cap. In the middle of the top surface of the platform section 1.2, the upper pedestal section 1.2 includes an upper frame structure and an upper concrete structure enclosed by multiple vertical steel bars 1.2.5 and horizontal steel bars 1.2.6. The lower ends of the vertical steel bars 1.2.5 are inserted into the lower concrete structure to combine the upper pedestal section 1.2 and the lower pedestal section 1.2 into a whole. The pedestal 1.2 is used as a force transmission structure for transmitting the force of the arch column 2 to the pile foundation 1.1 and as an installation space for the column foot.

[0048] The retaining wall 1.6 is arranged on the side of the lower pedestal 1.2 section away from the steel arch column 2, and the lower end of the steel frame of the retaining wall 1.6 is inserted into the lower pedestal 1.2 section and anchored to increase the soil pressure.

[0049] The inclined steel bar skeleton 1.3 is tied inside the structure of the upper pedestal 1.2 section, and its inclination direction is the same as the inclination direction of the column foot. It includes multiple inclined steel bars 1.3.1 and stirrups 1.3.2 connected to the outside of the multiple inclined steel bars 1.3.1. The lower ends of the inclined steel bars 1.3.1 extend downward to the bottom of the lower pedestal 1.2 section, and the inclined steel bar skeleton 1.3 is respectively connected to the lower pedestal 1.2 section and the upper pedestal 1.2 section as a whole. The inclined steel bar skeleton 1.3 serves as a reinforcement structure to improve the bearing capacity of the arch foot and avoid damage to the arch foot under the force of the arch column 2. At the same time, the inclined steel bar skeleton 1.3 can effectively combine the arch foot installation area and the pedestal 1.2 structure into a whole, avoid local bending and torsion damage, effectively improve the bearing capacity of the arch column 2 structure with a large span and heavy weight, and ensure the safety of the structure.

[0050] The back of the embedded steel plate 1.4 is provided with embedded anchor bolts. When pouring the concrete of the base 1.2, the embedded steel plate 1.4 is embedded in the concrete structure poured in advance. The embedded steel column 1.5 is connected to the embedded steel plate 1.4. It is arranged along the inclined direction of the inclined steel frame 1.3 and is used as the connection corner point of the arch column 2, which is easy to install.

[0051] The two ends of the arch column 2 are respectively welded and fixed to the embedded steel columns on the arch foot 1 in a straight line. The arch column 2 is arranged gradually close to the roof structure 6 from the two ends to the middle along the horizontal direction. A connecting beam 3 is connected and fixed between the arch column 2 and the side beam 7 of the roof structure 6. A plurality of connecting beams 3 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the arch column 2. Tie rods 4 are connected between the connecting beams 3. A plurality of tie rods 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the connecting beams 3. The canopy system 5 is hung on the arch column 2.

[0052] The present application sets an arch column 2 on the entrance side of the roof structure 6 and installs the canopy system 5 on the arch column 2, which can meet the needs of the main entrance use and shape design of the large-span structure, reduce the number of supporting structures, and ensure a large space under the arch column 2 for human flow; at the same time, the arch column 2 is set to be a hyperbolic member horizontally inclined toward the side of the roof structure 6, which can resist the overturning force generated by the canopy system 5 to a certain extent, reduce the impact of the overturning of the canopy system 5 on the main structure, and ensure the safety of the main structure.

[0053] Furthermore, the intersection of the connecting beam 3 and the arch column 2 is at the outer top surface of the arch column 2 to avoid being fixed at the corner of the cross section; the arch column 2 is a square cross section with a thickness of 30 mm and is made of weather-resistant high-strength steel NH355. The arch column 2 is symmetrically arranged with its center as the axis, and the arch column 2 is a smooth surface member connected by multiple sections of bending-torsion members that are alternately arranged with positive and negative torsion with its center as the axis. The twisting direction and length of the arch column 2 should adapt to the spatial layout of the connecting beam 3 frame system. The twisting of the arch column 2 starts from the arrangement end of the connecting beam 3 and ends at the arrangement end of the connecting beam 3 at the other end of the arch column 2; by designing the arch column 2 as an unconventional double-torsion member, the connection requirements of the arch column 2 and the side beam 7 are met, and the connecting beam 3 between the side beam 7 and the arch column 2 is avoided from being connected at the corner point of the arch column 2, thereby ensuring the safety of the structure.

[0054] The alternating arrangement of multiple sections of positive and negative torsion of the arch column 2 can improve the seismic performance and stability of the building to a certain extent, but at the same time, it also brings some new design problems and challenges. A torsion length that is too long will cause the arch column 2 to have a large flexural deformation when it is subjected to torque, while a torsion length that is too short may lead to insufficient torsion resistance. We need to select a suitable torsion length according to the specific size and stress conditions of the connecting beam 3 to ensure the torsion resistance of the arch column. The single-sided torsion length of the arch column is about 30m, and the torsion angle of the arch column should be small and avoid consolidation between the corner and the connecting beam; a reasonable torsion angle should enable the arch column 2 to maintain sufficient stiffness and strength under different torsion states to resist possible earthquake effects; and a reasonable torsion length should take into account factors such as the height and economy of the entire building.

[0055] Among them, since the middle span of the arch column 2 is closer to the side beam 7, the setting of the tie rod 4 between the connecting beams 3 located in the middle span of the arch column 2 is cancelled, and the cross-sectional size of the connecting beam 3 located in the middle section of the arch column 2 is enlarged to make it larger than the size of the connecting beams 3 located on both sides, so as to ensure the connection performance between the arch column 2 and the side beam 7.

[0056] The canopy system 5 includes a vertical member 5.1, a horizontal rod, a connecting rod 5.3, a diagonal brace 5.4 and an edge beam 5.5. The vertical members 5.1 are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the arch column 2 at intervals. One end of the horizontal rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical member 5.1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the edge beam 5.5; both ends of the edge beam 5.5 are respectively fixedly connected to the arch column 2; the connecting rod 5.3 is respectively connected between the vertical members 5.1 and between the horizontal members 5.2; one end of the diagonal brace 5.4 is hingedly connected to the arch column 2, and the other end is hingedly connected to the horizontal member 5.2.

[0057] In addition, the inner side surface of the arch column 2 is provided with longitudinal stiffening ribs along the length direction of the side surface and transverse stiffening ribs perpendicular to the side surface. The spacing between the transverse stiffening ribs within the arch column 2 within the length range from the arch foot 1 to the outermost connecting beam 3 is not greater than 1.0H, and the transverse stiffening ribs in the remaining part are not greater than 2.5H, H is the cross-sectional height of the arch column 2, the thickness of the transverse stiffening ribs is not less than 14mm, and the transverse stiffening ribs are through-arranged at the intersection of the longitudinal stiffening ribs and the transverse stiffening ribs, and the longitudinal stiffening ribs are disconnected.

[0058] The installation method is as follows:

[0059] Step 1; Porch design: The maximum span of the arch column 2 in this application is 165m, and the maximum span of the canopy is 100m. After the structure is installed, each component will have different degrees of deflection. In order to ensure the installation of the building appearance and the enclosure structure, the arch column 2 and the canopy are pre-arched. The steel structure is deepened and modeled and drawn according to the arch value required by the design drawings, and the components are processed according to the drawings after arching.

[0060] Step 2: Arch foot construction:

[0061] First, the pile foundation is constructed by chiseling and clearing the pile head, and then the steel skeleton of the reinforced concrete cap is tied and the steel column is pre-buried, and the horse stool 8 is supported at the end of the steel column and inside the column foot. After completion, the formwork is erected to pour concrete and backfill the earth.

[0062] Step 3: Arch column installation:

[0063] Since the arch column 2 is a symmetrical structure about the central axis, the arch column 2 is symmetrically divided into sections on the left and right sides. The arch column 2 components are processed in the factory and transported to the site. A support frame is set at the arch column 2 section on site, and the two sections are assembled into larger lifting sections on the ground. Specifically, a horizontal line is drawn at the same height at both ends of the two lifting sections on site. The arc length and arc height of the lifting section are controlled by the length of the line and the distance between the middle position of the line and the top elevation of the component. The bottom elevation of the lifting sections at both ends is controlled at the same height by the jack, and the hand chain hoist controls the docking distance of the lifting sections at both ends, that is, the length of the line, so as to control the shape accuracy of the two sections assembled into larger lifting sections. The arch column 2 lifting section is laid out using AUTOCAD software to accurately determine the center of gravity of the lifting section, and the position of the lifting point is determined according to the center of gravity of the lifting section, and the length of the lifting rope for each lifting point is determined in combination with the maximum lifting height of the crane and the spatial stability of the rope.

[0064] The arch column 2 is hoisted with four lifting points located on both sides of the arch column 2. The arch column 2 is an unconventional double-torsion member. Before hoisting, it is necessary to accurately lay out and determine the center of gravity of each unit, so as to select a suitable length of lifting rope to ensure that the hook lifting point and the center of gravity of the unit are located on the same vertical line to ensure that the structure can maintain a certain aerial posture. The lifting position is controlled at one-fourth of the length of the arch column 2 as much as possible, and a hand winch is used to adjust the high-altitude position of the arch column 2 during hoisting.

[0065] The arch column 2 is hoisted from both sides to the middle by a crawler crane. Temporary adjustable support frames 9 are set at each section. Finally, the closing section is hoisted to complete the hoisting of the arch column 2 structure. Since the arch column 2 is a two-way bending in space, the contact surface between each temporary adjustable support frame 9 and the arch column 2 is different. Accurate lofting is required before installation. A support that conforms to the shape of the arch column 2 is installed on the top of the temporary adjustable support frame 9 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the installation of the arch column 2. An operating platform is also installed on the top of the temporary adjustable support frame 9. The docking work of the arch column 2 sections is completed manually on the operating platform. After the arch column 2 is hoisted and fixed, the connecting beam 3 and tie rod 4 on the section are installed to reduce the horizontal force of the temporary adjustable support frame 9 under wind load and improve the overall construction safety. After each section of the arch column 2 is installed in place, positioning measurement is carried out, and the components with deviations in the installation are adjusted in time to ensure that they are ready for installation. Then the installation of the arch column 2 on the other side is completed in the same way, and finally the closing section of the arch column 2 is hoisted and the temporary adjustable support frame 9 is removed.

[0066] Specifically, a flatbed truck is used to transport the arch column 2 in sections to the support frame, and a truck crane is used to hoist the arch column 2 in sections onto the support frame. A knife plate is set on the support frame to adjust the position of the arch column 2. The next section of the arch column 2 is hoisted in the same way. After the adjustment of the interface of the two arch columns 2 is completed, the four sides are temporarily fixed with code plates. After the spatial positioning meets the accuracy requirements, welding is carried out. Symmetrical synchronous welding is adopted. Two welders perform vertical welding on the left and right sides at the same time. After welding, magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection are carried out. After the welding of the welds on both sides is completed, one worker welds above the arch column 2 and the other welds below the arch column 2 at the same time. After welding, flaw detection is carried out.

[0067] After all welds are inspected, a crawler crane is used for hoisting. Arch column 2 is hoisted in mid-air. A person on a lifting vehicle is used to adjust the position of arch column 2. On-site surveyors measure the position of arch column 2 until arch column 2 is adjusted to the position. At the same time, workers need to pull traction ropes on the ground to ensure the stability of arch column 2. Four hoisting ropes are used for hoisting. The four hoisting ropes are arranged clockwise as No. 1 hoisting rope 10, No. 2 hoisting rope 11, No. 3 hoisting rope 12, and No. 4 hoisting rope 13. Among them, No. 1 hoisting rope 10 is a fixed rope length, and the other three hoisting ropes are respectively equipped with hand winches. No. 1 hoisting rope and No. 2 hoisting rope are arranged perpendicular to the length of the arch column. After each section of the arch column 2 is separated from the supporting frame, when the rope length is adjusted for the first time, the lengths of No. 1 lifting rope 10 and No. 2 lifting rope 11 remain unchanged, and No. 3 lifting rope 12 and No. 4 lifting rope 13 are adjusted, and the lifting length of No. 4 lifting rope 13 is once set to the designed rope length, and the adjusted length of No. 3 lifting rope 12 is similar to or the same as the adjusted length of No. 4 lifting rope 13; a rough adjustment of the vertical positioning is completed; and then a second adjustment is performed. The second adjustment directly adjusts the arch column 2 to the designed position, keeping No. 1 lifting rope 10 and No. 4 lifting rope 13 unchanged, and adjusting the rope lengths of No. 2 lifting rope 11 and No. 3 lifting rope 12 to the designed position, completing a rough adjustment of the horizontal plane deflection position.

[0068] The arch column 2 is hoisted into place, and at the same time, the surveyor uses a total station on the ground to monitor the high-altitude position of the arch column 2. A tool is set on the top of the temporary adjustable support frame 9 to adjust the position of the arch column 2. The hook can be released after the measurement result is passed.

[0069] Specifically, a reflective sheet is attached to the pipe opening of the arch column 2 in advance. After the rope length of the arch column 2 is adjusted, a surveyor is arranged to measure the coordinates of the reflective sheet with a total station on the ground, and the real-time height difference of the arch column 2 is checked on site to determine whether the arch column 2 is adjusted to the position.

[0070] When there is an error, after the arch column 2 is initially in place, the surveyor measures the pipe mouth coordinates of the arch column 2 on the ground and compares them with the designed space coordinates to determine the adjustment direction of the arch column 2. Then the workers use the hydraulic jack on the operating platform of the temporary adjustable support frame 9 to adjust the high-altitude position of the arch column 2. After adjustment, the total station is used to re-measure the pipe mouth coordinates of the arch column 2 until the arch column 2 is adjusted to the designed state. After completion, the knife plate height is adjusted to support the arch column 2. After stabilization, the jack is removed and the total station is re-measured.

[0071] After the arch column 2 is hoisted into place, in order to ensure the lateral stability of the arch column 2, a crawler crane is used to hoist the connecting beam 3 and the tie rod 4 for fixing the arch column 2, and workers perform welding operations on a crane.

[0072] Repeat the above process to carry out subsequent segmented hoisting of the arch column 2, and the installation of the connecting beam 3 and the tie rod 4 can be carried out in a conventional manner.

[0073] Step 4: Unloading:

[0074] After all the welding of the arch column 2 is completed and accepted, the arch column 2 forms a whole, and the arch column 2 is unloaded as a whole. The unloading steps are as follows: first, the shorter temporary adjustable support frames 9 at both ends are removed, and then the highest temporary adjustable support frame 9 in the middle is removed, and then the two are unloaded from the middle to both ends at the same time. The overall unloading method is to use flame cutting on site to cut off the knife plate to separate the arch column 2 from the temporary adjustable support frame 9, and then remove the tooling on the top of the temporary adjustable support frame 9; during flame cutting, the loss of the arch column is avoided; when the arch column is unloaded, the total station is used to monitor the deformation of the arch column throughout the process. When the measured data exceeds the numerical analysis limit, the unloading should be stopped immediately, and the unloading can be continued only after the cause is found and the unloading hidden danger is removed.

[0075] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating an entrance porch arch column, characterized in that: The entrance porch comprises an arch foot (1), an arch column (2), a connecting beam (3), a tie rod (4) and a canopy system (5); the two ends of the arch column (2) are respectively fixedly connected to the arch foot (1); the arch column (2) is arranged gradually closer to the roof structure (6) from the two ends to the middle along the horizontal direction; the connecting beam (3) is connected between the arch column (2) and the side beam (7) of the roof structure (6); the tie rods (4) are connected between the connecting beams (3); the canopy system (5) is hung on the arch column (2); The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Porch design: pre-arch design of arch columns and canopy systems; Step 2: Arch foot construction; Step 3: Arch column installation: Step 3.1, segmentation and ground assembly: the arch column is segmented and transported to the site after processing in the factory; a support frame is set up at the segmentation of the arch column on site, and adjacent segments of the arch column are assembled into larger hoisting sections on the ground; Step 3.2, high-altitude positioning: Before installing the lifting section, the temporary adjustable support frame is installed in place, and the arch column is gradually lifted from both sides to the middle. Four lifting ropes are used for lifting and adjusting the spatial positioning; the four lifting ropes are arranged clockwise, namely No. 1 lifting rope, No. 2 lifting rope, No. 3 lifting rope, and No. 4 lifting rope. No. 1 lifting rope has a fixed rope length, and the other three lifting ropes are respectively equipped with hand winches, among which No. 1 and No. 2 lifting ropes are arranged perpendicular to the length of the arch column; after each section of the arch column is separated from the support tire frame, Two adjustments at high altitude ensure the efficiency of spatial positioning; during the first adjustment, keep the length of No. 1 and No. 2 ropes unchanged, adjust No. 3 and No. 4 ropes, and adjust the hoisting length of No. 4 rope to the designed rope length at one time. The adjusted length of No. 3 rope is similar to or the same as that of No. 4 rope, and the rough adjustment of vertical positioning is completed; during the second adjustment, keep No. 1 and No. 4 ropes unchanged, adjust the rope lengths of No. 2 and No. 3 ropes to the designed position, and the rough adjustment of the horizontal plane deflection position is completed; Step 3.3, measurement and design: high-altitude hoisting to accurately adjust the arch column into position, measure the position coordinates of the arch column pipe mouth, check the real-time height difference of the arch column to determine whether the arch column is adjusted to the position; Step 3.4, high-altitude fixing: After the arch column is adjusted in place, the adjusted hoisting section is connected and fixed to the arch foot, and then the connecting beam and tie rod at each arch column section are hoisted and fixed. Repeat the above steps to carry out subsequent arch column segment hoisting and installation of connecting beams and tie rods, and finally hoist the closing section to complete the installation of the arch column structure; Step 4: Arch column unloading: After all the arch columns are welded, the arch columns are unloaded as a whole. First, the shorter temporary adjustable support frames at both ends of the arch columns are removed, and then the highest temporary adjustable support frame in the middle is removed. Then, the unloading is carried out from the middle to both ends simultaneously.

2. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch column (2) is a smooth surface component formed by connecting a plurality of bending-torsion components that are alternately arranged with positive torsion and reverse torsion, and the twisting of the arch column (2) starts from the end where the connecting beam (3) is arranged and ends at the end where the connecting beam (3) is arranged at the other end of the arch column (2).

3. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The single-side torsion length of the arch column (2) is 30 m.

4. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch foot (1) comprises a pile foundation (1.1), a cap (1.2) arranged on the pile foundation (1.1), an inclined steel bar skeleton (1.3) located in the cap (1.2), an embedded steel plate (1.4) arranged in the inclined steel bar skeleton (1.3), and an embedded steel column (1.5); one end of the embedded steel column (1.5) is inserted into the inclined steel bar skeleton (1.3) and connected to the embedded steel plate (1.4), and the other end extends out of the cap (1.2) structure and is connected to the arch column (2); the end of the arch column (2) is fixedly connected to the embedded steel column (1.5) in a straight line.

5. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: No tie rods (4) are provided between the connecting beams (3) located in the middle span of the arch column (2), and the cross-sectional dimensions of the connecting beams (3) located in the middle section of the arch column (2) are larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the connecting beams (3) located on both sides. The intersection point between the connecting beam (3) and the arch column (2) is located on the outer plane of the arch column (2), thereby avoiding being fixed at the cross-sectional corner of the arch column (2).

6. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The canopy system (5) comprises a vertical member (5.1), a horizontal member (5.2), a connecting rod (5.3), a diagonal brace (5.4) and an edge beam (5.5); the vertical member (5.1) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the arch column (2) at intervals; one end of the horizontal member (5.2) is fixedly connected to the vertical member (5.1) and the other end is fixedly connected to the edge beam (5.5); both ends of the edge beam (5.5) are respectively fixed to the arch column (2); the connecting rod (5.3) is respectively connected between the vertical members (5.1) and between the horizontal members (5.2); one end of the diagonal brace (5.4) is hingedly connected to the arch column (2) and the other end is hingedly connected to the horizontal member (5.2).

7. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch column (2) is arranged symmetrically with its center as an axis.

8. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the arch column (2) is provided with longitudinal stiffening ribs along the length direction of the side surface, and transverse stiffening ribs are provided perpendicular to the side surface. The spacing of the transverse stiffening ribs within the length range from the arch foot (1) to the outermost connecting beam (3) in the arch column (2) is not greater than 1.0H, and the transverse stiffening ribs in the remaining part are not greater than 2.5H, H is the cross-sectional height of the arch column (2), the thickness of the transverse stiffening ribs is not less than 14mm, and the transverse stiffening ribs are arranged through at the intersection of the longitudinal stiffening ribs and the transverse stiffening ribs, and the longitudinal stiffening ribs are arranged in a disconnected manner.

9. The entrance porch arch column positioning method according to claim 4, characterized in that: A retaining wall is provided on the side of the base facing away from the arch column (2).

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